A dictionary of archaic and provincial words : obsolete phrases, proverbs, and ancient customs, from the fourteenth century

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DICTIONARY

|irc|iiic airij |lroftinria( (ItHoilis.

OBSOLETE PHRASES, PROVERBS, AND ANCIENT CUSTOMS,

FROM THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY^

tES ORCHARD HALLIWELL, ESQ., F.R.S.,

of the Eoval Irish Academy; CorrespondiD^ Member of the Rojal Society of Northern Antiquaries.

/.'Antiquanes of Scotiaucl, of the Aichseological Societj- of Stockholm, and the Reale Academia di

( TV. Member of the Royal Society of Literature, of the 'Newcastle Antiquarian Society, of the Royal

, t n, of the Ashmolean Society at Oiford, and of the Society for the Study of GothJc' Architecture;

(jcicty of Antiquaries; Corresponding Member of the Comity des Arts et Monuments, Stc. 8m;.

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IN TWO VOLUMES.

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PRINTED BY C. AND J. ADLABI). HAETHOLOMR^ fcl.03E.

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Annex

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DICTIONAKY

ARCHAISMS AND PROVINCIALISMS.

JAC

J A. A tenon for a mortise. West.
JABBER. To talk nonsense, far. dial.

J.\BELL. A term of contempt, more usnally
apiilied to a woman than to a man.

JACE. A kind of fringe. Devon.

JACK. (1) A figure outside old public clocks
made to strike the bell. It was also called
Jack of the Clock, or Clock-house. Till a very
recent period, the clock of St. Dunstau's
church was furnished with twoof these jacks.
Dekker gives the phrase to a company of
sharpers. See his Lanthoriie and Candle-
Light, ed. 1620, sig. G. " Strike, like Jack
o' th' clock-house, never but in season,"
Sti ,,s Floating Island, sig. B. ii. Jacks,
the chimes, Hallarash. Gloss, p. 53.

(2) .\ coa of mail ; a defensive upper garment
quilted with stout leather. The term was
more latterly applied to a kind of but}' jerkin
worn by soldiers ; and a sort of jacket, worn
by women, was also so termed. See Reliq.
Antiq. i. 41 ; Collier's Old Ballads, p. 7. To
be upon their jacks, i. e. to have the advantage
over an enemy.

(3) A whit. Somerset.

(4) Half, or a quarter of a pint. North. Per-
haps from Black-Jack, q. v. It also has the
same meaning as black-jack, as in the Trou-
bles of Queene EUzabeth, 1639, sig. C. ii.

(5) To beat. Craven.

(6) The knave of cards. North.
(") The male of an animal. West.

(8) .\ fartliing. An old cant term.

(9) A kind of water-engine, turned by hand,
used in mines. Staff.

(10^ .\n ape. Hence, a young coxcomb ; a sly
crafty fellow ; a man of any description.

(11) Jack-at-a-pinch, a sudden imexpected call
to do anything. Also, a poor parson. Jack-
at-warts, a little conceited fellow. Jack of
the wad, an ignis faluus. Jack in thelasket,
a sort of wooden cap or basket on the top of
a pole to mark a sand-bank, &c. Jack in the
box, an irreverent name for the Sacrament.
Jack with the tanthom, an ignis fatuus. Jack
of all trades, one who has a smattering know.
II.

JAC

ledge of all crafts. Jack by tht hedge, the
herb sauce-alone. See Gerard, p. 650. Jack
of long leys, the summer fly generally called
daddy-loug-legs. Every Jack-ray of t/iem,
every person in the party. Jack in office, an
insolent fellow in authority. Jack nasty face,
a common sailor. Jack of Dover, some arti-
cle mentioned in the Canterbmr Tales as
having been sold by the cook, but its precise
nature has not been ascertained. Jack-in-tht-
yreen, a man inside a small house made of
flowers and evergreens, who carries it in the
procession of the sweeps on Mav-day morning.

JACK-ADAMS. A fool. Var.'dial.

JACK-A-DANDY. A pert smart little imperti-
nent fellow. North.

J.\CK-A-LEGS. A large clasp knife. Also, a
tall long-legged man. North.

JACK-A-LENTS. Stuffed puppets which used
to be thrown at during Lent. See Cleaveland's
Poems, 1660, p. 64. It is a term of reproach
in various instances, as in the Bride, by
Nabbes, 4to. Loud. 1640, sig. G. ii. In the
West of England the name is stiU retained for
a scarecrow, sometimes ca\ieijaccomite.

JACK-AN-APES. An ape. See Fletcher's
Poems, p. 190. Now used for a coxcomb.

JACK-.\-NODS. A simple fellow. North.

JACK-BAKER. A kind of owl. South.

JACK-BARREL. A minnow. Warw.

JACK-BOOTS. Large boots coming above the
knees, worn bv fishermen. Var. dial.

JACK-DRUM. "See Drum (3), and Topsell's
Historic of Serpents, 1608, p. 262.

JACKED. Spavined, k jacked hoKe.

JACKET. .\ doublet. Sometimes, the upper
tunic ; any kind of outer coat.

JACKEY. 'English gin. Var. dial.

JACK-HERN, "a heron. /. Wiyht.

JACK-IN- BOX. A sharper who cheated trades-
men by substituting empty boxes for similar
looking ones full of money. Dekker.

JACK-LAG-KNIFE. A clasped knife. Glonc.

JACK-M.\N. (1) A i;ream-cheese. West.

(2) .\ person who made counterfeit licenses, &c.
Fraternitve of Vacabondes, p. 4.

31

JAK

482

JAR

J iCK-NICKER. A goldfinch. Chesh.

JACK-PLANE. A coarse plane. AorM.

JACK-PUDDING. A buffoon attendant on a
mountebank. See Jones's EhTnas, 1682,
p. 7 ; Brand's Pop. Antiq. i. 81.

JACK-ROBINSON. Before one could say Jack
Robinson, a saying to express a very short
time, said to have originated from a verj- vola-
tile gentleman of that appellation, who would
call on his neighbours, and be gone before his
name could be announced. The following
lines " from an old play" are elsewhere given
as the original phrase,—

A warke it ys as easie to be doone.
As tys to saye, Jat-Are .' robys on.

JACK-ROLL. The roller for winding the rope
in a draw-well. North.

JACKS. (1) The turnip fly. Suffolk.

(2) The servitors of the University.

J.\CK'S-.\LIYE. A game, played by passing
round and twirling a match or hghted
paper, and he in whose hand it dies, pays a
forfeit. Moor mentions it, p. 238.

JACK-SAUCE. An impudent fellow. It occurs
in How to Choose a Good Wife, 1634.

JACK-SHARP. A prickleback. Also caUed
Jack-Sharpling. and Jack-Sharpnails.

J.\CKSON. A sillv fellow. East.

JACK-SPR.\T. A dwarf, far. dial.

JACK-SQUEALER. The swift. Salop.

J.\CK-STR.\W. The black -cap. Somerset.

JACK-WEIGHT. A fat man. far.dial.

J.A.COBIN. A grey friar.

JACOB'S-STAFF. A mathematical instrument
used for taking heights and distances.

JACOB'S-STONE. A stone inclosed in the
coronation chair, brought from Scotland by
Edward I. where it was regarded with super-
stitious veneration. See Hentzner's Travels,
p. 252 ; He^Tvood's Royall King, sig. A. iv.

JACOUNCE.' A jacinth. Skelton,ii. 18.

JACU. Thecrv of the pheasant.

JADDER. (1) Shaky; infirm. East.

\2) .\ stone-cutter. Glouc.

JADY. a term of reproach. Shak.

J.\G. (1) To earn- hay, &:c. West. As a subst.
a parcel, or load. / 'ar. dial.

(2) 'To trim a hedge, tree, &c. North. In old
Enghsh, to cut or slash. " Jaggede hym
thorowe," Morte Arthure, MS. Line. f. 75.

JA0E. A violent motion. Craven.

JAGGEDE. The fashion of jagging garments
has already been mentioned, in v. Dagge.
A jupone of iexoiync jaggede in schredez.

Morte Jrthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 63.

JAGGER. One who works draught horses for

hire. North.
JAGGING-IRON. An instrument with teeth

used in fashioning pastry. Var. dial.
JAGOUNCE. The garnet stone. (A.-N.) See

Ashmole's Theat. Chem. Brit. p. 224.
JAGS. Rags and tatters. North.
JAGUE. A ditch. Somerset.
JAISTER. To swagger. North.
JAKES, A privy. The term is applied in Devon

to any kind of filth or Utter. Jakes.farmer, a
person who cleaned out jakes.
JALITE. Livelv ; sprightly. {A.-N.)
JALLOWES. Jealousy. Dekker.
JAM. To press, or squeeze. I'ar. dial.
JAMB. 'The upright side of window, door,
chimney, &c. ; any upright distinct mass of
masonrj- in a building or quarry.
JAM BALLS. Rolls made of sweet bread.
JAMBEUX. Armour for the legs. {A.-N.)
Jambler in Gy of Warwike, p. 325, perhaps an
error {or jambier, which is the Anglo-Norman
word. See Roquefort.
JAMBLEUE. GambolUng. (^.-A^.)
JAMMOCK. A soft pulpy substance. Also, to

beat, or squeeze. East.
JAM. MY. Short for James. North.
J.\MS. ^Yire shirt-buttons. West.
JAM'S-MASS. St. James's dav. North.
JAN. John. Var. dial.
JANDERS. The jaundice. West.
JANE. A coin of Genoa ; anv small coin. See

Tpwhitt, iv.284.
JANGELERS. Talkative persons. Sometimes
minstrels were so termed. (A.-N.) The verb
jangle, to prate, is still in use.
JANGLE. To rove about idly. North.
JA.N'GLESOME. Boisterous; noisy; quarrel-
some. Suffolk.
JANNAK. Fit ; proper ; good ; fair and honour-
able ; smart, or fine. North.
JANNOCKS. Oaten bread made into hard and

coarse large loaves. North.
JANT. Cheerful ; merry. North. ^
where were dainty ducks and jant ones.
Wenches that could play the wantons.

Barnaby's JournalJF^
JANTYL. Gentle ; polite. Lydgate. \

JANUAYS. The Genoese. Horman, 1530.
JANYVERE. January. {A.-N.)

And the fyrste mony th of the yere
Was clepyd aftur hym Janyvere.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 140.

JAPE. To jest, mock, or cajole. (A.-S.) It

is often used in an indeUcate sense, similar to

game. Also a substantive, a jest. Japer, a

jester, or mocker. Japerie, buifoonery.

Notwithstandyog, she was wrothe, and' said to
thesenysshalle,/rtpe ye with me? MS. Digby 185.
Bot then in hert full gladde was he,
And ron up and doun in myrthe and jape.

Chnn. niodun. p. 128.
Demosthenes his hondis onis putte
In a wommanis bosum japyng^ly.

Occtev€, as. Soc. .intiq. 134, f. 2/2.

JAPE-WORTHY. Ridiculous. Chaucer.
JAPING. Copulation. Palsgrave.
JAR. (1) Discord; anger. Var. dial.

(2) To tick, as a clock. Shak.

(3) A jar of oil is a vessel containing twenty
gallons of it. West.

JARBLE. To wet ; to bemire. North.

JARCK. A seal. An old cant term, mentioned
in Frat. of Vacabondes, 1575. Jarkemen are
given in a Ust of vagabonds in Harrison,
p. 184 ; Dekker's Lanthome and Candle-light.

JEA

483

JES

JARGLE. To make a jarring noise. Not pecu-
liar to Hall's Satires, p. 99, as supposed by
the editor. " Jargles now in yonder bush,"
England's Helicon.p. .16.
J.\R.ME. To bawl, or err. Yorksh.
JARROCK. A kind of cork. Minsheu.
JARSEY. A kind of wool which is spun into
worsted. Also called janisey ; properly,
Jersey yarn. Bailey explaiusjarsey, the finest
wool, separated from the rest by combing.
JARM ORM. An ugly insect peculiar to wet

marshy places. South.
JASEY. A bobwig. I'ar. dial.
J.A.TTER. To spUt, or shatter. Suffolk.
J.\LL. To scold or grumble. North.
JALII. The same as Jaynb, q. v.
JAUNCE. (1) To ride hard. (J.-X.)
(2) A jaunt. Romeo and Jul. ii. 5, 4to. ed.
JAUNDERS. The jaundice. I'ar. dial. Jaunes,
Reliq. Antiq. i. 51. Jatwis, Brockett.
Envyus man may lyknyd be
To the Jatf).f3, the whyche ysa pyue
That men mow se yn mennys yne.

MS. Harl. i;oi, f. 27.
J.\L P. To splash ; to make a splashing noise ;
to strike ; to chip or break by a sudden blow.
Sorth. See Brockett.
JAUPEN. Large; spacious. North.
J.A.VEL. (.1) A gaol, or prison. North.
(2) A worthless fellow. "The Lieutenant of
the Tower adyising Su- Thomas Moor to put
on worse cloaths at his esecution, giyes this
reason, because he that is to haye them is but
ajttvel; to which Su- Thomas rephed, shall I
count him a jarel who is to doe me so great
a benefit," MS. Lausd. 1033. Javelin. Hall,
Henry VI. f. 77. See Digby Mysteries, p. 20.
JA\-\;ER. Idle siUy talk. North.
JA^"\'LE. To contend ; to WTanglc. Yorksh
J.iM". (1) A jest. Lane.
(2) Coarse idle language, far. dial.
JAWDEWYNE. A term of reproach, here ap-
plied to a Lollard.
Thow jawdews/ne, thou jangelcr, how stande this

togider ?
By verr^^OBtradiccioun thou concludist thi.ilf.

MS. Digbi, u, f. II.
JAWDIE. The stomach of cattle. North.
JA\VLED-OUT. Excessiyely fatigued. Sussej:.
J.W.MERS. Stones used for the jambs or

jawms of a window-.
J.\Y. A loose woman. Shak. .
J.\YKXE ! An exclamation, or oath. Devon.
J.\YL.ARDE. a jailor. Chron. Vilodun. p. 82
JAYPIE. Thejav. Comw.
JAZZUP. A donkey. Line.
JE.\LOUS. Fearful; suspicious; alarmed. A
cominon sense of the word in old plays, and
still in use in some counties. •■ Before the
rain came, I jealoitsed the turnips," i. e. was
alarmed for them.
JEAN. Genoa. See Strutt. ii. 71.
JEAUNT. A giant. Other MSS. ^Hrnej/.
What, seyde the erle, yf thys be done.
Thou getyst anodur ./eaunl sone.

MS. Cantab. Ft. il. 38, f. «.

JED. Dead. Wane.

i??'*'?-*^^" The jack-snipe. .\rch. .xiii. 343.

Jtt. Crooked; an-rj-. Also, to turn, or move

to one side. North.
JEEPS. .\ seyere beating. North.
^^^^RY'S-DAY. St. Jetrer5'sday,i. e. neyer.
IP • ^ ^S"' o"" '"^S of mutton.
JE(;GLE. To be yery restless. North.
JELIIXG. Jorial. Craven.
JELL. A large quantity. Jlarw.

■'^f.l' ^ ^''^"- " ^'^ ""' ""'"P'' oeyere so jelu"
MS. Cott. Cleop. C. yi.

JEMEM'DE. Joined with hinges.

JEMMY. A great coat. Var. dial

TP,^!^!^"?.^'^'^^'- An ignis fatuus. Carnbr.

JEMM\-JESSAMY. A fop, or dandy.

JENK. To jaunt ; to ramble. North.

J E \ K I X . A dimi milne olJohn.

JENKIT. A Deyonshire dish, made partly of

milk and cinnamon.
JEXXETS. A species of fur. See Test. Vetnst

p. 658 ; Strutt, ii. 102.
JEXNY-BALK. A small beam near the roof

of a house. North.
JEXNY-COAT. A chUd's bed-gown. West
JEXXY-CROXE. A crane. North.
JEX.NY-CRUDLE. A wren. South. More

commonly called a jenny-wren
JEXXY-HOOKER. An 'owl. North. It is

also called a jenny-howlet.
JEXXY-QUICK. An Italian iron. Devon.
JEXN'i.TIT. Parus cffindeus. Suffolk.
JENTERY. Good breeding ; gentility.

.And specyally in youth gentilracn ben'tawght
To swere gret othis, they sey (oi jmtery .
Every boy wenythitbe annext to curtesy.
--,.^--, -^5. Laud. 416. f. 39.

JEOBERTIE. Jeopardy. Harrington.

JERICHO. A prison. Hence the phrase, to
wish a person in Jericho.

JERK. To beat. See Florio, p. 138. Jerker
Beaumont and Fletcher, iy. 161. Now pro-
nounced jerkin. See Craven Gl. i. 250

JERKIN. (1) A kind of jacket, or upper doublet,
with four skirts. A waistcoat is still so called
m the North of England.

(2) The male of a gerfalcon. See Gent Rec

JEROBOAM. A large goblet. Ett.<:f.

JERONIMO. See Go-by.

That he that is this day magniflco.
To-morrow may goe by Jeronimo. " ■**

Taylur's Workes, 1G30, 1 35

JERO^TODE. SeeJeryne. ■'"■«'. 1-35.

Thorowe a^erottndeschelde hejoggeshym thorowe.

,„ >'<"'" ■4nhure, MS. Lincohi, f. W.

JERRY CUMMUMBLE. To shake, or tumble

about confusedly. I'ar. dial.
JERiXE. Some part of the armour. Seethe

quotation in y. Acres.
JESP. A flaw in cloth. North.
JESSE. The Tree of Jesse was a representation

of the genealogy of Christ, in the form of a

tree. It was formeriy a common subject for

the professors of the various arts.
JESSERAUNT. A kind of jacket w-ithout

sleeves, composed of small oblong plates of

JEW

484

JIM

iron or steel overlapping each other, and
sometimes covered with velvet. The term
seems also to have been applied to a chain of
small gold or silver plates worn round the
neck, and likewise to a kind of cuirass.
Aboven that njesseraunt of jcntylle maylez.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 63.

JESSES. The short leather straps round a
hawk's legs, haring Uttle rings to which the
falconer's leash was fastened.

JESSUP. Juice ; syrop. tl'arw.

JEST. A mask, pageant, or interlude ; a tale,
or representation of one.

JESTERNES. Part of light armour, mentioned
in Holinshed, Hist. Scotland, p. 32.

JET. (1) To jet, according to Cotgrave, "wan-
tonly to goe in and out with the legs."
Palsgrave has, " I jette, I make a counte-
naunce with my legges."

( 2) A large water ladle. East.

(3) To strut, or walk proudly. Also, to exult,
rejoice, or be proud. It seems sometimes to
mean, to encroach upon.

(4) To throw, jog, or nudge. Devon.

(5) A descent ; a declivity. Heref.

(6) To turn round, or about. North.

(7) To contrive. Hence, a device.

(8) To jet the heck, to put one to the door.
Yorkshire Dial. 1697, p. 104.

JETSEN. Goods cast out of a ship, when in

danger of foundering. Blount.
JETTER. A strutter, or bragger. Palsgrave.
JEUPERTYE. Jeopardy. {A.-X.)
His lyf upoD so jonge a wyjte
Bfsette wolde in jeupertt/e.

Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 59.
JEWEL. This term was often used by early
writers not merely for a gem or precious stone,
but for any piece of jewel-work, or a triuket
or ornament worn about the person ; some-
times, even, a ring, and constantly a brooch.
" A collar, or jewell, that women used about
their neckes," Baret, 1580,1.38.
JEWERIE. A district inhabited by Jews.
JEWISE. Judgment ; punishment. See De-
position of Richard II. p. 26.

Avisehiro if he wolde flitte
The lawe for the covetise,
There sawe he rcdie h\sjiiise.

Gower, ed. 1554, f. 158.
And every man schalle thanne aryse
To joye or ellis to juise,
Wher that he schalle for ever dwolle.

Cower, SIS. Soe. Antiq. 134, f , 37.
O beste of helle ! in what jui^e
Hast thou descrvid for to dye.

Ibid. .MS. Ibiil. (. 69

JEWS-EARS. A fungus of a beautiful bright

red coloiu", found in old banks adhering to

sticks, or trees. See Cotgrave, in v. Judas,

Oreille; Thomasii Dictionarium, 1644, in v.

Bolus; Brand's Pop. Antiq. iii. 155.

JEWS-EYE. Worth a Jew's eye, i. e. a great

deal. A very common phrase, and sanctioned

by Shakespeare.

JEWS'-MONEY. A name given to old Roman

coins, found in some parts of England, men-
tioned bv Harrison, pp. 72, 218.

JEWS-TRUMP. .\ Jew's-harp. Yorish. See
Kind-Harts Dreame, 4to. Lond. 1592.

JEYANT. A giant. Torrent, p. 18.

JIB. (1) Said of a draught-horse that goes
backwards instead of forwards. Var. dial.

(2) A stand for beer-barrels, jrest.

(3) The under-lip. Hence to hang the jib, to
look cross. Var. dial.

JIBBER. A horse that jibs. Var. dial.

JIBBET. Same as Spang-irhew, q. v.

JIBBY. A gay frisky girl. East. Jibby-horse,
one covered with finery.

JIB-JOB-JEREMIAH. A juvenile game men-
tioned in Moor's Suffolk Words, p. 238.

JICE. .\ verv small quantity. EsseJ!.

JICKS. The'hiccough. Comw.

JIDDICIMJIDY. X see-saw. Xorth.

JIFFLE. To be restless. Var. dial.

JIFFY. An instant. Var. dial. In a jiffy, a
very common phrase. It implies excessive
rapidity ; momentary action.

JIG. (1) To rove about idly. North.

(2) A trick. -An old cant term.

(3) Cotgrave, in v. Farce, mentions " the jyg
at the end of an enterlude, wherein some pretie
knaverie is acted." X jig was a ludicrous
metrical composition, often in rhyme, which
was sung by the clown, who occasionally
danced, and was always accompanied by a
tabor and pipe. The term is also constantly
used for auy scene of low buflfoonery, and
many old ballads are called jigs. Jigmaker,
a maker of jigs or ballads.

JIGE. To creak. North.
JIGGAM.VREE. A manoeuvre. Var. dial.
JIGGER. (1) A swaggerer. North.

(2) A vessel of potters' ware used in toasting
cheese. Somerset.

(3) A cleaner of ores. North.

(4) A constable. Hants.
JIGGER-PUMP. A pump used in breweries to

force beer into vats.
JIGGETING. Jolting; shaking; flaunting;

going about idly, t ar. dial.
JIGGIN-SIEVE. A fine cloth which sifts the

dust from oats or wheat when they are ground.

Salop. Antiq. p. 474.
JIGGS. Dregs; sediment. Suffolk.
JIGGUMBOBS. Trinkets; knicknacks.

Kills monster after monster, takes the puppets
Prisoners, knocks down the Cyclops, tumbles all
Our jigtintbobs ma. trinkets to the wall.

Brome's .Antipodes, 1640*
JIG-PIN. In mining, a pin used to stop a

machine when drawing.
JIKE. To creak. North.
JILL. A pint of ale, &c. North.
JIM. (1) A timber-drag. East.
(2) Slender; neat ; elegant. I'ar.dial. Spruce;

verv neat, Tim Bobbin.
JIMCRACKS. Knick-knacks. I'ar.dial.
JIMMERS. Hinges. See Gimmer.
JIM.MY. The same as Jim (2).

JOG

485

JOL

JIMP. Slender; indented. North.
JI\GLE.BR.\INS. A wild thoughtless fellow.
JIXGLE-CAP. The game of shake-cap. North.
JIXGLE-JANGLES. Trinkets.

For I was told ere I came from home.

You're the goodliest man ere [ saw beforne;
H ith so many jingfe-jani(les about *ines Decke,
-As is about yours. I never saw none.

The King and a p<nn-e Norl/ierne Man.

JINGO. By-jingo, a common oath, said to be

a corruption of St. Gingoulph.
JINK. (1) To jingle ; to ring money. East.
(2) To be very gay and thoughtless. North.
JINKED. Said of an animal hurt in the loins

or back. East.
JINNY-SPINNER. The crane-fly. North.
JIRBLE. To jumble. Northumb.
JITCHY. Such. Somerset.
JITTY. A narrow passage. Line.
JOAN. A kind of cap.
JOB. (I) To scold; to reprove. Cambr.
(2) Stercus. Var. dial.
l3) To strike, hit, or peck. V.ast. It occurs in

Pr. Parv. p. 36, byllen or jobbyn.

(4) An aflfair, or business. Var. dial.

(5) k small piece of wood. North.
JOBARDE. A stupid fellow. {A.-N.)

Tho seyde the emperour Sodenmagard,
Then was theerlea nyse>*6arde.

MS. Cantab. Ff ii. 38, f. 140.
JOBATION. A scolding, far. din/.
JOBBEL. A small load, generally of hay or

straw. Ojron. Sometimes called njobbet.
JOBBER. .\ dealer in cattle. Var. dial.
JOBBERHEADED. Dull; stupid. South.
JOBBERNOWL. The head. Generally a term

of contempt, a blockhead.
JOBBY. (1) Joseph. Cumb.
(2) A joist, or beam. Yorksh.
JOBLIN. A -cupid bov. Somerset.
JOBLOCK. A turkev's wattle. West.
JOCAUNT. MerTv;'gav. (.^.-A'.)
JOCE. The deuce'. W'arw.
JOCK. To jolt. Kent.
JOCKEY. (1) Gay ; very Uvely. Suffolk.

(2) .A thin walking-stick. Devon.

(3) Rough ; uneven. Kent.
JOCLET. A small manor, or farm. Kent.
JOCONDE. Joyous; pleasant. (^.-i\'.) Jo-

cundnes, gladness, Audelav, p. 26.
JOCOTIOUS. Jocose. Yorksh.
JOD. The letter J. I'ar. dial.
JOE. A master ; a superior. North.
JOE-BEN. The great tit-mouse. Suffolk.
JOG. To jog his memory, i. e. to remind him

of anything. A common phrase.
JOGELOUR. .A minstrel ; a jongleur ; one

who played mountebank tricks. {A.-N.)
JOGENNY. A donkey. Somerset.
JOGGELY. Unsteady ; shaky. Northumb.
JOGGER. To shake, or jog. Suffolk.
JOGGES. Hits ; strikes. See the quotation

given under Jerownde.
JOGGING. A protuberance on the surface of

sawn wood. East.
JOGGLE. (1) Same as Joyyer, q. v.

(2) A mason's term for the fitting of stones

together. I'ar. dial.
JOG-TROT. .4 gentle pace. Var. dial
JOH.iN. St. John's wort. .Vrch. xxx. 409.
JOHN. .Sir John, an old plirase for a priest.
John Sanderson, the cushion dance, mentioned
under tiiis name in Plarford's Dancing Master,
1698. John in the Had, an ignis fatuus.
John's silver jiin. a single article of finery
amidst a lot of dirt and slutterv. John-a.
dreams, a stupid dreaming fellow. John-
among-the-maids, a man who is always dan-
gUng after the ladies. John-and-j'oan, an
hermaphrodite. John-hold-my-staff, a para-
site. To stay for John Long the carrier, to
wait a very long time ; to send it by John
Long the carrier, i. e. at an indefi-nite period.
SeeCotgrave.inv. Atiendre, Boryne,Enroyer.
The phrase occurs in Taylor. John of Nokes,
a fictitious name formerly used in legal pro-
ceedings, similar to John Doe and Richard Roe
JOHN-APPLE. Same as Apple-John, q. v.
JOHN-DORY. A French pirate, whose name
seems to have been proverbial. A popular
old song or catch so called is frequently re-
fen'ed to. See Nares. in v.
JOHNNY. (1) A Jakes. These terms are cleariy
connected with each other. Also called MrL
Jones by country people.
(2) .V foolish fellow. Var. dial. Johnnv-Bunj.

a jackass. Grose.
JOHNNY-WOPSTRAW. A farm-labourer.
JOHN-0-LENT. A scarecrow. South.
JOIGNE. To enjoin. Rom. Rose, 2355
JOINANT. Joining. (A.-N.)
JOINT. To put a man's nose out of joint, to

supplant him in another's affection.
JOINT-GRASS. Yellow bed-straw. North.
JOINT-STOOL A stool framed by joinery
work, at first so called in distinction to stools
rudely formed from a single block. Joyn.d
stole, Unton Inventories, p. 1.
JOIST. To agist cattle. North.
JOIT. A sudden stop. North>imb.
JOLE. To bump. Yorksh.
JOLIF. Jolly ; joyfiil. (^.-A".)
JOLIFANT. When two persons ride on one
horse, the one on a pillion behind, they are
said to ride jolifant. Devon.
JOLL. The beak of a bird, or jaw-bone of an

animal. Hence, to peck. Norf.
JOLLACKS. A clergyman. Suffolk.
JOLLE. To licat. Palsgrave.

Ther they juUedde Jewos thorow.

MS. Coll. Calig. .\. ji. f. 1 ;7,

JOLLIFICATION.

JOLLITRIN.

JOLLOP.

A merry feast.
A young gallant. Minsheu.
The cry of a turkey. Holme.
JOLLY'. Fat ; stout ; large. North. In Devon,
pretty. A bitch when maris appetens is said
to be jolly. Chesh.
JOLLY-DOG. A bon vivant. Var. dial.
JOLLY-NOB. The head. Gro.te.
JOLTER-HEAD. A stupid fellow. South.
Properly, thick-headed. JouUhead, Cotgrave.

^S

JOU

486

JUD

JOLTS. Cabbage plants that in the spring go

to seed prematurely. Warw.
JOMBRE. TojumWe. Chaucer.
JON.\S. The jaundice. Yorksh.
JON.\TH.\N. An instrument used by smokers
to light their pipes with. It is a piece of iron,
of the si2e of a short poker, fitted at one end
with a handle of wood, and having at the
other a protuberance or transverse bar of iron,
which is kept heated in the fire for use.
JONGLERIE. Idle talk. Chaucer.
JOOK. To crouch suddenly. Xorth.
JOOKINGS. Corn which falls from the sheaf

m throwing it off the stack. North.
JOOPE. A job. Hampole.
JOP. To splash in the water. Yorksh.
JOPES. Braces in roofs.
JOR. To jostle, or push. North.
JORAXI. A large dish or jug of any eatables

or liquids. Far. dial.
JORDAN. A kind of pot or vessel formerly
used by physicians and alchemists. It was
very much in the form of a modern soda-
water bottle, only the neck was larger, not
much smaller than the body of the vessel.
.\t a later period the term came to be used
for a chamber-pot, having been anciently used
occasionally for an urinal.
JORDAN-ALMOND. A kind of large sweet

.ilmond, mentioned by Gerard.
JORN.\Y. .\ day's journey, or work.
In thiscourte thai ar twenty
At my biddyng to bidde redy
To do a gode jornay.

US. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 53.
But if I do Robyn a gode ymrni,
Ellis mot I hangyt be. SIS. Ibid. f. 54.

JORNET. A kind of cloak.
JOSEPH. An ancient riding-habit, with but-
tons down to the skirts.
JOSKIN. A clownish feUow. far. dial.
JOSS. To crowd together. East.
JOSSA. Stand stilTi An address to horses.
See Chaucer, Cant. T. 4099. It appears from
Moor, p. 18S, that joss is still in use in the
same sense. Jostij, come to, Tim Bobbin Gl.
Joss-tlock, jossintj-block, a horse-block.
JOSS EL. A hodge-podge. North.
JOSTLE. To cheat. A cant term.
JOSYNG. Rejoicing. Sevyn Sages, 92.
JOT. (1) To touch ; to jog, or jolt roughly ; to

nudge one's elbow. East.
(2) Plump ; downright. Suffolk.
JOT-CART. A cart which has a rough motion,

or jolts. East.
JOT-GUT. The intestinum rectum. East.
JOUDER. To chatter vrith cold. Somerset.
JOUDS. Rags. Setwn.
JOUISANCE. Enjo>-ment. Peele, i. 15.
JOUK-COAT. A great coat. North.
JOUKE. To sleep. A hawking term.
JOUKERY-PAUKERY. An artifice. Nirlh.
JOUKES. Rushes. Maundevilc, p. 13.
JOUL. A blow. See JoUe iud Joivl.
JOUN. Joined. Essex.

JOUN'CE. To bounce, or jolt. East.
JOURINGS. Scoldings. Devonsh. Dial. 1839,
p. 72. It seems to be the same word as that
quoted by Nares from Hayman's Quodhbets,
1628, explained swear/nys. Brawlings ; quar-
relUngs, Exmoor.
JOURMONTE. To vex. (^.-A'.)
JOURNAL. Daily. Shak.
JOURN-CHOPPERS. Regraters of yam, men-
tioned in statute 8 Hen. VI. Blount.
JOURNEY. The same as Jornay, q. v. It is

also a day of battle.
JOURS. Cold shiverings. South.
JOUSED. Finished ; completed. Wore.
JOUSTE. A just, or tom-nament. {A.-N.)
JOUSTER. A retailer offish. Comw.
JOUTE. A battle, or combat. {.-I.-N.)
JOUTES. An ancient dish in cookery so called.

See Ord. and Reg. p. 426.
JOVE'S-NUTS. .\coms. Somerset.
JOVIAL. Belonging to Jupiter. It occurs in

Shakespeare and Hevwood.
JOWD. Ajellv. Deron.
JOWE. A jaw. Maundevile, p. 288.
JOWEL. The space between the piers of a

bridge. Also, a sewer.
JOWER. To tire out. Suffolk.
JOWL. (1) The same as Jolle, q. v.
(2) .\ large thick dish. Devon.
JOWLER. Clumsy; thick. The term is ap-
plied to a thick-jawed hound. North.
JOWR. To push, or shake. Cumi.
JOWS. Juice. Arch. xxx. 409.
JOXVYNE. To peck, as birds do. Pr. Parv.
JOY. To enjoy. Also, to rejoice, as in the
Bride, by Nabbes, 4to. 1640, sig. I. Joyance,
enjoyment, rejoicing.
JOYFNES. Youth. Gawayne.
JOY'NE. To enjoin. .\pol. Loll. pp. 11, 17.
JOYTsETES. Joints. Xominale MS.
And the joynetes of ilk lym and bane.
.\nd the va>*nes ware strydand ilkane.

MS. Liiimln A. i. 17, f. I'JO.
JOYNTERS. The joints of armour. " Joynter

and gemows," MS. Morte .\rthure,f. 84.
JUB. .\ very slow trot. East.
JUBALTARE. Gibraltar. Chaucer.
JUBARD. The house-leek. (J.-N.)
JUBBE. A vessel for ale, or wine.
JUBBIN. A donkey, far. dial.
JUBE. A rood-loft. Britton.
JUBERD. To jeopard, or endanger.
JUCK. (1) .•V yoke ; the oil in the fleece of wool.

Comu,:
(2) The noise made by partridges.
JUDAS-COLOUR. Red. A red beard was

called a Judas-coloured beard.
JUDAS-TORCHES. Large torches formerly

much used in ceremonial processions.
JUDGESSE. A female judge. Seellej-wood's

Iron Age, 4to. Loud. 1632, sig. C. iv.
JUDICI.AL. .K " judicial man," a man of judg-
ment. It was reversed with judicious.

I confe&se it tome a meertoy, not deserving any
judicial man's view. Pierce Penilesee, 1592.

r_

JUN

487

JUT

JUE. To shrink ; to flinch. Xorth.

JUG. (1) To nestle together. Xorth. It oc-
curs in \. Fairfax, Bulk and Selvedge of the
World, 8vo. Lend. 1674.

(2) The nickname of Joan.

(3) A common pasture. West.
JIG.VL. Nuptial. Middleton,m. 480.
JUGGE. To judge. Also, a judge. (A.-X.)
JUGGLE. To jog. or shake. West.
JUGGLEMEAH. A swamp, or hog. Devon.

Also called ?i juggle-mire.
JUGH. A judge. Hampole.
JUIL. The month of July. Chaucer.
JUISE. The same as Jetpise, q. v.
JUKE. The neck of a bird. A term in hawk-
ing. Gent. Rec. ii. 62.
JULIAN'S-BOWERS. Labyrinths and mazes
made of earthwork, the scenes of former
rustic amusements.
JULIO. An Italian coin, worth about sixpence.

See Webster's Works, i. 70.
JULK. To shake ; to splash ; to jolt ; to give a

hard blow. We.^t.
JULTY. To jolt. Deron.
JUM. (1) The plant darnel. West.
(2) .A jolt ; a concussion ; a knock. Suffolk.
JUMBLE. Futuo. Florio, p. 75.
JUMBLEMENT. Confusion. Xorth.
JUMENTS. Cattle. (Lat.)
JUMP. (1) A coffin. Yorksh.

(2) A leathern frock ; a coat. Xorth. " A
jump, a half gown or sort of jackett ; likewise
a sort of boddice used instead of stavs."
Milles' MS. Hohne has the term, 1688. Jlr.
Hunter explains7!«n;!)s, short stays.

(3) Compact ; neat ; short. Hence the adverb,
nicely, exactly. Xorth. " How jumpe he
hitteth the naile on the head," Standmrst, p.
34. It is used by Gosson, 1579.

(4j To take an offer eagerly, far. dial. .Also,
to risk or hazard. Shak.

(5) To meet with accidentally. Xorth.

(6) Jump tvit/i, matched. To agree.

And thou tohe Jump witfi Alesander.

Lyll/s Alexander and Campaspe, 1584
JUMPER. (1) A miner's borer. Xorth.

(2) A mageot. Yorksh.

(3) The fieldfare ? Florio, p. 109.
JUMPING-DICK. A fowl's merry-thought.

Xorth.
JUMP1NG-J0.\N. .\ country dance, mentioned

in the Bran New Wark, 1 785, p. 7.
JUMP-SHORT. Mutton from sheep drowned

in the fen (htehes. East.
JUNAMEY. Land sown with the same grain

that it grew the prececUng year.
JUNCKER. A contrivance for letting off the

superfluous water from a pond or moat.

Suffolk.
JUNE-BUG. The green beetle. South.
JUNIPER. Was formerly burnt to sweeten a

chamber. See Ben Jonson, ii. 6.
JUNK. A lump, or piece. South.
JUNKET. (1) A sweetmeat; a dainty. See

Hollyband's Dictionarie, 1593, in v.'z>rajfe

In Devonshire the term is still used, but re-
stricted to ciu-ds and clouted cream.

(2) A long basket for catching fish.

(3) A feast, or merry-making. Also, to gad
about, to gossip. Xorth. " Junket, or ban-
ket," Palsgrave.

JUNO'S-TE.ARS. The herb verrain.
JUNT. .A. whore. Middleton, ii. 96.
JUPARTE. Tojeopardv. Palsgrave.
JUPITER'S-BEARD. llouseleek. Devmi.
JUPON. The pourpoint, or doublet. It was
generally of silk or velvet, and was worn over
the armour, being frequently emblazoned with
the arms of the owner. In much later times
the petticoat seems to have been so called.
Thor; out ys scheld and is haberjone.
Plates, andjakke, and jimp'jrie.

MS. Athmo!e 33, f. 48.

JUR. To hit, strike, or butt. Xorth. A cor-
ruption of jarr.= The noise made by certain
birds was tenneAjurring.
JURDECTOUN. Jurisdiction. (.^.-TV.)
And fynally bothe oure liberie
Goeth unto nought otourcjurdecloun.

Lydgate, MS. Aihmole 39, f. 23.
JURJIUNGLE. A mess ; confusion. Yorksh.
JURNUT. .An earth-nut. Xorth.
JUS. Juice. Nominale MS.

Also the jus of selyame and powder of brymstone
temperyd togedyr al cold is goode therforc.

ilS. Sled Rec. TV. Cent.

JUSSELL. A dish in ancient cooken', descrilied
in Ord. and Reg. p. 462-3. Two 'receipts for
it are given in .MS. Sloane 1201, f. 35.
JUSTE. (1) .A kind of vessel with a wide body

and long straight neck.
(2) To joust, or tilt. (.J.-X.)

Mekylle was the chevalry.
That then come to Hungary
To go juste with tber myghte

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 73

JUSTEMENT. .Agistment, q. v. See Manners
and Household Expences of England, p. 295.

JUSTERS. Horses for tilting. Weber.

JUSTICE. To judge. (.^.-.V.) Justicer, a
judge, a justice of the peace. " A perfect
patterne of an upright justicer," Holinshed,
Historic of Scotland, p. 63.

JUSTILICIIE. Justly ; exactlv. (A..S)

JUSTMEN-HOLDERS. Freeholders. Wo«.

JUST-NOW. Lately ; now ; presently ; imme-
diately. This very common phrase is perhaps
most generally used in the Western counties

JUSTS-OF-PEACE. Peaceable tilts or justs!
The method of crying them is given in Arch,
x-vii. 291. Compare Degrevant, 1261.

JUSTY. The same as Juste (2).
Then seyde Befyse to Tarry,
Wyll we to-morowe>u*(i/.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii.38, f. 121.

JUT. (1) To throw; to Strike. South. "To
jut, hit, or run against," Baret, 1580.

(2) A pail with a long handle. Kent.

JUTER. The fertile coagulating saltish nature
of earth. More.

JUTTES. Low persons. {A.-X.)

RAM

488

KAS

JUTTY. A part of a building which projects

hevond the rest. S/ioi.
jr.UM. Empty. North.
JUVENAL. Avouth. Shal.
JUVEMEE. Youth. (^.-.V.) See Piers Plough.

man, p. 402 ; Dial. Great. MoraL pp. 157, 209.

JUWET. Judith. R. de Brume.

JYE. To stir ; to turn round. Narth.

JYMIAN. Aknick-knack. It occurs in Nash's
Pierce Penilesse, 1592, and in the Appendix
to Skelton's Works, p. 446. Absurdly spelt
jymjam in Pr. Parr. p. 257.

K A. (1) Quoth. Su£rolk. " Ka the cloyster-
master," Mar-Prelates Epitome, p. 52.

(2) Ka me, ka thee, a proverb implying, if you
will do me one favour, I will do you another.
See the Merie Tales of Skelton, p. 65.

(3) To look; to perceive. East.
KAAIKE. To stare vacantly. Cumb.
KABANE. The cabin of a vessel.

Mony kabane clevede, cabilles deslroyede,
Knyghtes and kene mene killide the braynes.

Murte Artfittre, MS. Lincoln, f. 91.
K.ACliONE. To catch. Const. Freem. 380.
KADES. The dung of sheep. Line.
KAE. (1) A cow. J. de Wageby, p. 8.
(2) An iuterj. of disbelief, or contempt.
KAF. Chaff. North. " Ful of kaff," Apol.

Lollards, p. 56.
KAFF. A gardener's hoe. North.
KAFFLE. To entangle. Somerset.
KAIE. A key. Rom. of the Rose, 20S0.
K.\1L. Greens; cabbage. A'aiZ-yaWA, a kitchen-
garden. Kail-pot, a pottage pot, a large
metal pot for cooking meat and cabbages
together, &c. The term and article are nearly
out of use. It is a heavy globular iron vessel,
holding three or four gallons, and resting on
three little spikes. Kail-yard, an orchard.
KAILE. To dechne in health. North.
KAIN. Rent paid in kind. East.
KAIRE. To go ; to proceed ; to depart.
Comandez the kenely to kaire of hi,s landes.
Ore elles for thy knyghthede encontrehymeones.
Murte .Jrthure, MS. Lincoln, f . 6?.

KAIRNS. Rude heaps of stones generally found
on hills or other conspicuous situations, and
supposed to be veiy ancient funeral monu-
ments. Norths

KAITE. A dresser of wool.

KAKELE. To cackle. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 80.
Kaklynge is applied by Chaucer to tlie noise
made by geese, in MS.' Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 32.

KAL. Hard. A mining term.

KALDE. Cold. Also, cooled, refreshed. It
occurs in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii.

KALENDAR. A kind of wood, mentioned in
Holinshed, Historie of Scothmd, p. 59.

KALENDER. A guide, or director. {Lat.)

KALTS. Quoits. Salop.

KAM. (1) Crooked. Clean kam, quite wrong
or crooked. " To doe a thing cleanc kamme,
out of order, the wrong way," Cotgrave.

(2) Came. See Ilavelok, 863'.

KAME. A comb. North.

Me thoghte come to me the speryte of this wo-
mane Mergart-te, the whilke I sawe byforein payiies.

and me Ihoghte scho was fulle of stronge wondes,
ats scho hade bene drawene withe kames.

MS. Lincoln A. i, 17, f. 251.

KAMPE. Contest ; war. (.-I.-S.)

AUe the kene mene of kampe, knyghtes and other.
Killyd are colde dede, and castyneover burdez.

Morte yjrthure, .V.5. Lincoln, f. 92.

KANC. A large forest. See Lambarde's Per-
ambulation, ed. 1596, p. 210.
KANDLEGOSTES. Goose-grass. Gerard.
K.ANEL. Collar ; neck. Gawayne.
KANGY'. Cross ; ill-tempered. Cumb.
KANSH. A strain. Salop.
KANT. Strong; courageous.
He come in at a coste,
With his brage and his boste.
With many kant knyght.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 131.

The knyghte coueride on his knees with a kaunthene.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 76.

K ANTELED. Different pieces of cloth worked

together. See Hall, Henry IV. f. 49.
KAPE. Sleeve of a coat. JTeber.
K.ARDEVYLE. Carlile. Launfal, 8.
KARECTIS. Char.icters; marks.

I make a cercle large and round.
With karectis and fygures.

MS. Coll. Tiber. A. vii f. 44.
KARER. A sieve. Derbysh.
KAREYNE. A carcass ; carrion. {A.-N.)
KARKE. Care; anxiety.

Wheue maydens ere maryede. it es thaire maste karke
Lesse thay be maryed to menne that base bene in the
parke. JtfS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 149.

KARL-HEMP. Late grown hemp. Brockett

says, " the largest stalk of hemp."
K.iRROWS. .K set of people formerly in Ire-
land, who did nothing but gamble. They
appear to have been a bad set, and are de-
scribed by Barnaby Rich as playing away
even then- clothes. According to Stanihurst,
p. 45, " they plaie awaie mantle and all to the
bare skin, and then trusse themselves in straw
or leaves ; they wait for passengers in the high
waie, invite them to game upon the greene.
and aske no more but companions to make
them sport. For default of other stuffe, they
pawne their gUbs, the naUes of their fingers
and toes, their dimissaries, which they leefe
or redeeme at the courtesie of the winner."
K.\RS. Cresses. Howell, sect. xvi.
KAR\'E. Shced ; cut. See Carf.
When hir fadur on slepe was.
She hyed to hym a gret pas.
And karve his hart m twoo.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 4*.
K.\S. .\ case. Wright's Seven Sages, p. 52.

KEA

489

KEE

Kepe the now fro swych a has,
Ajen God no more to trespas.

MS. Hurl. 1701, f. 3.
KASARDLY. Uuluckv. North.
KASKE. Strong. Ha'velok, 1841.
KASSYDONYS. The calcedony, which is thus

spelt ill Emare, 128.
KATE. To he lecherous. North.
KATEREYNIS. Quadraiiis ; farthings.
KAUCE. The same as Cauci, q. v.
KAVERSYN. A hypocrite. (^.-.V.)
Okerersaiul kavergytis^
A.S wykked they are as Saras>-ns.

MS. Hart. 170], f. 37.

K.WV. To gasp for hreath. Devon.
KAY. Left. Si/r Gawai/ne.
KAYLES. The same as Cailcs, q. v.
KAYN. A nohleman. Havclok, 1327.
KAYNARD. A rascal. (A.-N.)
A kat/nard and a olde folie,
That thryfte hath loste and boghte a bolte.

MS. Harl. 17(1], f. 55.
KAYRE. Cairo. Also as Kaire, q. v.

Straujte unto Kayre his wey he fongelh.
Where he the souldan thanne fonde.

Cfiwei; MS. Sfjc. A'ttiq. 154, f. 78.
KAYSERE. An emperor. {A.-S.)

Es there any kyde knyghte, kaysereoT other.

Moite Artfiure, MS. Lincoln, {, 70.
K.AYTEFTEE. Wretchedness. (.^.-V.)
Thu:,es ylk mane, als we may see.
Borne in care and ktiijte/ref.
And for to dre with dole his dayes,
Als Job sothely hymselfe sayse.

Hampole, MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 277.
Thus es a man, als we may se.
In wrychednes borne and kaytyfti.

ihid. MS. Bowes, p. 27.
KAZZARDLY. Lean; ill-thriven. North.
Kennett says, " spoke of cattle suliject to dis-
eases and death, or other casuahies."
KEA. Go ! (The imperative.) North.
KE.iCH. To lade out water. Warn: " To
keach water," Florio, p. 46. Keach-hole, a
hole in a brook where the cottagers dip for
water. / ar. dial.
KEAK. (1) A sprain. Yorksh.
(2) To raise, or prop up, a cart. North.
KE.^L. A cough ; a cold. Line.
KEALER. A small shallow tub used for cooling

Uquids. Sussex.
KE.\LT. Cowardly. Lane.
KEAME. To comb. See Kame.
Thy hands see thou wash.

Thy head likewise keame.
And in thine apparell
See torae be no seame.

Schoole of Vertue, n. d.
KE.\MER. A kind of ferret. South.
KEAMY. Covered with a thin white moidd,

applied to cider. West.
KEANE. To scamper. Cumb.
KEANS. The scum of ale, (ic. Yorksh.
KEATCH. To congeal. Wilts.
KEATHER. A cradle. Lane.
KE.AUSTRIL. Explained by Meriton, " a great

boned coarse creature." Yorksh.
KEAVE. To plunge ; to struggle. Cumb.

KEB. (1) A villain. Yorksh.

(2) To pant for breath ; to sob. Line.

KEBBERS. Refuse sheep taken out of the
fiock. " Kebbers or cullers, drawne out of a
flocke of sheepe," Nomenclator, 1585, p. 50.

KEBBLE. A white opaque spar. Deri.

KEBLOCK. The wild turnip. North.

KECCHE. To catch. Kvns Horn, 1377.

KECHYNE. A kitchen. Perceval, 455.

KECK. (1) To be pert. Lane.

(2) To lift ; to heave. Hence, to reach ; to
choke. Var. dial. It occurs in Gammer
Gurton's Needle, meaning the noise made in
coughing. See Hawkins, i. 216.

KECKCOKN. The windpipe. West. More
commonlv called the keeker.

KECKER. (1) Squeamish. North.

(2) .An overlooker at a coal-mine. Neice.

KECK-HANDED. Wronelv. Oxon.

KECKLE. (1) Unsteady. ^Lane.

(2) To lau?h violentlv. Yorksh.

KECKLE-"NlECKLE.' Poor ore. Derb.

KECKLOCK. Wild mustard. Leie.

KECKY. .Anv-tliing hollow, like a kex. Line.

KEDD. Known ; shown. {J.-S.)

wherefore ther passyth here no men
Wyth sireukyth, but they be keM.

MS. Cantab, f f. li. 38, f. 80,
Tho thai were mounted, y sigge, aplight.
Thai kcdiien her noble might.

ArOtuurand Merlin, p. 145.

KEDGE. (1) To fiU; to stulT. North. Hence
kedge-belly, a glutton.

(2) To adhere ; to unite. Cornw.

(3) Brisk ; active. East. It occurs in Prompt.
Parv. p. 274, spelt kygge.

KEDGER. A fisherman. Yorksh.
KEDGY. Pot-bellied. Nortlt.
KEDLOCK. The charlock. Salop.
KEE. Kine ; cows. Devon.
KEECH. (1) A cake. Somerset.

(2) The internal fat of an animal, as rolled up
for the tallow-chandler.

(3) To cut grass and weeds on the sides of rivers.
West. Dean MUles' MS. Glossary.

KEEK. To peep; to look shly. North.

" Kekyyne, or prively wavtj-ue, intuor," Pr.

Parv. p. 269. See Brockett.
KEEL. (1) A strong clumsy boat used by tht=

coUiers at Newcastle. " Bottoms or keeles,"

Harrison, p. 6. A keel of coals, 21 tons, 4 cwt.

(2) To cease ; to give over. Cumb.

(3) A kdn. as for lime, &c. South. " A brick-
keele," Florio, p. 304.

(4) To cool anj-thing. " While greasy Joan doth
keele the pot ;" certainly not to scum, as
stated by certain editors. See Kele. the
earlier form.

(5) A ruddle for sheep. North.

(6) " To give the keele, to carene, as mariners
say," Florio, p. 137.

KEELAGE. Keel dues in port. North.
KEEL-ALLEY. A bowling allev. Devon.
KEEL-BULLIES. Keel-men. 'North. See
the Bishopric Garland, 1792, p. 19.

31*

KEL

490

KEL

KEEL-DEETERS. The wives and daughters

of keel-men, who sweep and clean the

keels. See Deet (4).
KEELS. Nine-pins. See Catles.
KEELY-VINE. A black-lead pencil. North.
KEEN. Kind. Yorksh. A cow, maris appe-

tens, is said to be keen to the bull.
KEEN-BITTEN. Frost-bitten. Also, keen,

hungry-, sharp-set. North.
KEENDEST. An;/ keendesi thing, any kind of

thing, ever so much. Devon.
KEEP. (1) To dwell; to inhabit. Var. dial.

It occurs in Pierce Peuilesse, 1592.

(2) To keep one short, to restrain his liberty.
To keep residence, to reside. To keep welt,
to live on good terms with any one. To keep
the door, to be a bawd. To keep cut with,
to follow the example of. Keep-and-creak, a
hook and eye. To keep c7-ows, to guard newly-
sown fields from their ravages. Keep the pot
a boiling, go on with anything furiously.

(3) Pasture. Out at keep, said nf animals in
hired pastures. Var. dial.

(4) To maintain. Also, maintenance.

(5) To keep company with. /'or. dial.

(6) The chief stronghold of an ancient castle.

(7) A large basket. Somerset.

(8) To catch. Lane.

(9) A reservoir for fish by the side of a river.

(10) A safe to preserve meat in summer.
KEEPER. A small clasp. Suffolk.
KEEPING. The lair of a hart.
KEEPING-ROO.M. The room usually sat in by

the familv. East.
KEEP-TOUCH. To keep faith ; to be faithful.
And trust me on my truth,

If thou l<eep touch with me,
My dearest friend, as my ownlieart
Thou shalt right welcome be.

Sojtgs of file London Pmntices, p. 37.

KEER. The mountain ash. Devon.
KEEVE. (1) .4. large tub or vessel used in

brewing. West.
(2) To heave, or hft up. North. Some writers

say, to overturn.
KEEVER. A tub. MS. Lansd. 1033.
KEEZER. A sieve. Devon.
KEFANS. The same as Keans, q. v.
KEFFLE. An inferior horse. J'ar. dial.
So Richard, having no more to say,
Mounted his lie£ie and rode away.

Richard ofDullon Dale, 3IS.
KEPT. Purchased ? Havelok, 2005.
KEGGED. Afl'ronted. Lane.
KEGGY. Soft and pulpy, apphed to vegetables

when decaying. Line.
KEIED. Locked. Harrison, p. 185.
KEIGHT. Caught. Spenser.
KEIK. To stand crooked. Lane.
KEIL. A cock of hay. North,
KEILD. A spring. Grose.
KEINTLICII. Nicely; curiously. Pegge.
KEISTY. Dainty ; squeamish. North.
KEIVER. A bumper of liquor. Yorksh.
KEKE. The cry of the cuckoo.
KEL. .4 kind of soup.

Thy breakfast thowe gott everyday,
Was but pease-bread and ket full gray.

MS. Laiiadowne 241.
KELCH. A thump. Line.
KELD. (1) The smooth part of a river when

the rest of the water is rough. North.
^2) A well. Craven.

(3) Killed. Octoviau, 1063.

(4) To become cold. Rehq. Antiq. ii. 211.

(5) To thump. Northnmb.
KELE. (1) To cool. CImucer.

And leyde hym flatlyng on thegrounde.
To kele hys woundys in that stounde.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. !)9.
Bol eftyrwarde when it cesses, and the hcrte kelis
of love of Jhesu, thanne entyrs in vayne glorie.

.MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 221.
^2) Time ; place ; circumstance. Lane.
KELF. (1) A foolish fellow. West. Kelfin, a
great lubberly fellow, or boy.
One squire /Eneas, a great ft^//.
Some wandering hangman like herself.

Cotton's yVoiks, 1734, p. 85.

(2) To twist ; to wrench. Warw.

(3) The incision made in a tree by the axe when
felling it. Warw.

KELIAGE. The herb arsesmart.
KELING. A large kind of cod.

Keling he tok, and tumberel,

Hcring, and the makerel. Havelok, 7o7-

KELK. (1) To groan; to belch. North.

(2) To beat severely. Yorksh.

(3) The roe or milt of fish. North.

(4) A large detached rock. Cuynb.

KELL. (1) A kiln, as lime-kell, &c. South.
" A furnace or kell," Cleaveland, p. 40. See
also Harrison's England, p. 233.
(2) A child's caul ; any thin skin or membrane.
Hence, any covering like network ; the cell
of a small animal. " Rim or kell wherein the
bowels are lapt," Florio, p. 340. A womans
calle (q. v.) was so called. Sir John " rofe
my kelle," said a young lady describing the
evils attendant on waking the well, MS.
Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 111.

Sussanne cawghte of heTkclle,
Butt fele ferles her byfelle.

MS Cott. C'llig. A. ii. f. 1.
With kelle and with corenalle clenliche arrayede.

Iforte Ai-thure, MS. Lincoln, f. 87.

KELLEN. (1) The same as Keffie, q. v.
(2) A batch of bricks. Suffolk.
KELLICH. To romp. Sussex.
KELLOW. Black-lead. North.
KELLUS. A white soft stone found in tin-
mines in CornwaU. See MS. Lansd. 1033.
KELP. (1) X young crow. Cumb.

(2) A crook for a pot or kettle, to hang it over
a fire. North.

(3) Seaweed burnt to make a cinder or pot-ash
for the potters. Kent.

KELTER. (1) Rubbish; stupid talk; a confused
mass of persons or things. North.

(2) Condition ; order. East. It is occasionally
used as a verb.

(3) An awkward fall. North.

(4) Money ; cash. Yorksh.

KEN

491

KER

KEM. Came. Octovian, 1552.
Whan he to loiitl krm.
Men tolde the bischop was is era.

Beres of Hamttiun, p. 93.

KEMB. (1) A stronghold. North.
(2) To comb. Still in use. Kemith, Reliq.
_ Antiq. ii. 176. {J.-S.)
KEMBING. X brewing-vessel. Lhie. Chaucer

has kemelin, a tub.
KE.MBOLL. Arms on kemboU, i. e. a-kimbo.
KEMELING. The same as Comelinr/, a. v.
KEMMET. Foolish ; rather siUv. Salop.
KEMP. (1) A boar. Suffolk. '

(2) A kind of eel. Palsgrave.

(3) To strive for superiority. North.
There es no kyng undire Crisle may kemii wiih hym

oie- Unite Arthure, MS. LitiK-oln, (.'n.

(4) A knight; a champion. See Perceval, 47,
118, 1004, 1403, 1422. Kemperi/e-man,
soldier, warrior. Percy's Reliques, p. 18.

I slue ten thowsand upon a day
Of kenipes in their best aray.

Chester PIni/s, i. j'.dQ.
KEMPS. Hair among wool. North. Kempster,
a female who cleaned wool. •' PectrLr, a
kempster," Nominale MS.
KEMSE. A light and loose kind of female gar-
ment. See R. de Brunne, p. 122.
KEMYN. Came. See Old Christmas Carols,

p. 12 ; Songs and Carols, St. xi.
KEN. (1) A churn. North.

(2) A measure of corn. Yorish. It is a hundred-
weight of heavier substances.

(3) Kine ; oxen. Octovian, 672.

(4) To know ; to be acquainted with. Also, to
see; a sight. North. Sometimes, to teach.
{A.-S.) Cf. Tundale's Visions, p. 43.

For the emperyee of ryche Rome
FuUe welle he hur keTide.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, {. 83.
Crystofere cristenyde thammeryghte tlicr.
And Ae/ii thamme to leve on Cnstis lare.

MS.Linmb, A. i. 17, f, 128.
And jyvemy body for tobrenne,
Opunly other men to kenne.

MS. Hart. 1701, f. 47.
KEXCH. A twist, or sprain. North. Also

the same as Canch, q. v.
KENDAL-GREEN". A kind of forester's green
cloth, so called from Kendal, co. Westmore-
land, which was famous for their luanufacture.
Kendal-stockener, a little thick-set fellow.
KENE. Sharp; earnest; bold. {.i.-S.)
He drank, and made the cuppe ful clene.
And sith he spake wordis ke»e.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 50.
KENEDE. Kennelled. Hearne.
KENET. (1) Ash-colour. Palsgrave.
(2) A small hoimd. See Rehq. Antiq. ii. 7 ;
Wright's Seven Sages, p. 60.

Fore ferdnesse of hys face, as they fey were,
Cowchide as kenetez before the kyng selvyne.

Morte .■Irthure, MS. Lijicithi, f. 54.
KEN-GOOD. A warning. North. Also, a

mark or example.
KENLED. Brought forth young. {.i.-S.)
KENNECIS. Some kind of bird, mentioned in
the Archaeologia, xiii. 350.

KENNEL. To harbour. A term apphed to

the fox. See Hunting.
KE.NNELL. A kind of coal. It burns very

brilhantlv, and is much esteemed.
KENNEN. Half a bushel. North.
KENNES. Kind ; sort of. Ritson.
KENNETS. A coarse Welsh cloth.
KEN-NIFE. A knife. Comvj.
KENNING. (1) An inkling. North.

(2) The same as Dalk, q. v.

(3) The distance a person can see. Also called
a kenng. See Harrison, p. 60 ; Hawkins'
Engl. Dram. ii. 270 ; Hall, Henry V. f. 5.
"1 am within syght, as a shyppe is that Cometh
within the kennvng, je blanchis," Palsgrave,
verb. f. 148. See Pr. Parv. p. 272.

KENSBACK. Perverse. Yorksh. Sometimes.

conspicuous, evident, clear.
KENSILL. To beat. North.
KENSPECKLED. Speckled or marked so as

to be conspicuous. North.
KENT. Was so famous a place for robberies in

Elizabeth's time that the name was given to

any nest of thieves.

Soraebookes are arrogant and impudent ;
So are most thieves in Cristendome and Kent.

Taylor's Workes, 1G30, ii. 124.
KENT.iL. For quintal, a cwt. {Fr.)
KENTE. Taught. Chester Plays, i. 32.
KENTERS. Kentish-men. Hearne.
KENYNG. Recognition. Sevyn Sages, 3235.
KEO. A jackdaw. Prompt. Parv.
KEOUT. A mongrel cur. North.
KEOVERE. To recover ; to obtain. (.^.-A'.;
KEP. To reach, or heave. North.
KEPE. (1) Care; attention. {J..S.) Also, to

take care, to care.

(2) To meet. Townelev Mvst. p. 323.

(3) To leave. Nominale MS.
KEPPEN. To hoodwink. North.
KEPPING. Lying in wait. Yorksh
KEPPY-BALL. The game of hand-ball.
KEPT. (1) Caught. North.

(2) Guarded. See Tyrwhitt, iv. 148.

(3) Resided ; lived. See AVcjU.
KEPTE. Cared for. See Kepe (1).
KER. Occasion ; business. {A.-S.)
KERCH. A kind of pan. Devon.
KERCHE. A head-cloth. (^.-iV.) " Upon

hir bed a kerchc of Valence," Lydgate's Minor
Poems, p. 47.

KERCHEF-OF-PLESAUNCE. An embroi-
dered cloth iiresented by a lady to her knight
to wear for her sake. This he was bound in
honour to place on his helmet.

KERCHER. An animal's caul. Devon.

KERCHERE. A kerche, q. v. See Cov. Mvst.
p. 54 ; kerchg, ibid. p. 318. " Kerchew, ricu'la."
MS. Arund. 249, f. 88.

KERCIIUP. The cry of partridges.

KERE. To recover; to cure. (.i.-S.)

KERF. (1) An incision. South. It occurs in
Ilampole. cut, carved.

(2) A layer of hay or turf. Vest.

(3) A company of panters. Coles.

KER

492

KEV

KERL. A loin ; a kidney. IP'est. Lhuyd's

MS. additions to Ray.
KERLEY-MERLEY. A gimcrack. North.
KERLOK. Tlie charlock. It is Latinized by

rapistrum in MS. Sloane 5, f. 9.
KER.M. To dig, or hoe. Somerset.
KERN. (1) To turn from blossom to fruit,

spoken of vegetables. West. " To kerne as

corne," Florio, p. 217.

(2) To. curdle, or turn sour. Jl'esl. Butter-
milk is called kern-railk, tliough perhaps from
kern, to churn.

(3) To set corn or fruit. Devon.

(4) To simmer. Some7-sef.
KERN-BABY. An image dressed up with corn,

carried before the reapers to their harvest-
home supper, or kcrn-svpper. To win the
kern, to couclnde the reaping.
KERNE. (1) An Irisl; foot-soldier, of the very
lowest and poorest rank. Hence the term
was used as one of contempt. Blount says,
" we take a kern most commonly for a farmer,
or count rey-humkin," and the term occurs in
that sense in the King and a poore Northerne
Man, 1640.

Acquainted with ricti and eke with poore,
.\nd l^end well every kerne whoore.

O'bler of Canteiburw, 1608.

(2) Tc sow with corn. {A.-S.)

Perseyve je and heere je my speche, wher he that
erith schal ere al day for to sowe, and schal he
kerne, and purge his lond. Wickliffe, MS.BiM.i'il.

KERNED-BEEF. Salted beef. Hants.

KERNEL. (1) A grain. Var. dial. See Har-
rison's Descr. of Britaine, p. 110. Also, the
pip of an apple, orange, &c.

(2) The dug of a heifer. North.

(3) The bundle of fat before the shoulder ; any
swelling or knob of flesh. Var. dial.

(4) A battlement. (J.-N.)

The cownt.i5 of Crasyne, with hir clere maydyns,
Knells downe in the kyrtwllp^ thare the kyng hovede.
Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 8.5.
The maydenc, whitt als lely-iloure,
Laye in a kirnelle of a towre.

MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 107.

KERNING. Corn-bearing. Kent.

KERP. To carp, or scold ; to speak affectedly ;

to tyrannize. Devon.
KERRE. Rock. Gawai/ne.
KERRY. (1) A large apron. West.
(2) With great and rapid force. Yorksh.
KERRY-MERRY-BUFF. A kind of material of

which jerkins were formerly sometimes made.

The phrase seems to have been proverbial, and

is often used jocularly.
KERSE. (1} To cover a wall with tile or slate,

especially the latter. MS. Lansd. 1033.

(2) Boldness ; coiu-age. North.

(3) A water-cress. (A.-S.)

Men witen welle whiche hath the werse,
And so to me nis worth a kcrse.

Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 1J4, f. 88.

(4) A crease in Hncn, &c. Line.
KERSEN. To christen. North. Sec Middleton,

i. 429 ; Beaum. and Flet. iv. 53. Kersmas,
Christmas, Middleton, v. 139,

KERSOUNS. Water-cresses. North.
KERVE. (1) To curdle. See Carve.
(2) To cut ; to carve. (.-l.-S.) Hence keninge,
cutting, sharp.

So couched them after thei schuld serve.
Sum for to flee, and sum for to wounde and kerre.
Chaucer, MS. CMtlab. Ft. i. 6, f. 2&
KESH. A kex, or hollow stem. North.
KESLINGS. White bidlace. Devon.
KESLOP. A stomach used for rennet. North.
KESS. A cap. Devon.
KESSE. To kiss. (A.-S.)
KESSON. A Christian. Eimoor.
KEST. (1) To cast. Nortli. It has several of
the meanings of Cast, q. v.

Sore he spwed, and alle up he ke3t
That he had recevyd in hisbrcst.

Colyn Blowbfifs Testament .
So was themayden feyre and fre,
That alle hyr love on hym had keste.

MS. Harl. 2252, f, 92.
Into the see he hyt keste. MS. Ibid. {. 128.
(2) Twist ; knot. (3) Stratagem. Gaivayne.
KESTER. Christopher. North.
KESTERN. Cross; contentious. North.
KESTIN. A kind of plum. Devon.
KESTR.\N. A worthless fellow. Perhaps from
kestril, a castrel, q. v.

I foibud ony kestran ou am aw to play boe at my

buckler. MS. Aihnuile 820, f. KiG.

KET. Carrion ; filth. Hence a term of reproach,

a slut, an untidy person. North.
KETCH. (1) A tub ; a ban-el. West.

(2) To consolidate, as melted wax or tallow when
cooling. West.

(3) To seize, or catch hold of. Soitth. See
Doctour Doubble Ale, p. 234.

KETCHER. An animal's caul. West.
KET-CRAW. Tlie carrion-crow. North.
KETE. Bold; fierce. {Teut.)
KETERINS. Irish Scots ; niaratiders who

carried off cattle, corn, &c.
KETHE. To make known .' {A.-S.)
KETLER. Apparently some term of reproach.

See Middleton, v. 543. Perhaps from ket, q. v.
KETMENT. Filth; rubbish. Norfli.
KETTE. To cut. Lydyate.
KETTER. (1) Peevish; perverse. Nurth.
(2) To diminish in size. Somerset.
KETTLE. (1) To tickle. Northumb.
(2) A kettle-cb-ura. Hamlet, v. 2.
KETTLE-CASE. The pmple orchis. South.
KETTLE-HAT. An ancient hat formed of

leather. See Pr. Parv. p. 273. " Keste of his

ketille-hatte," .MS. Morte Arthure, f. 90.
KETTLE-NET. A kind of net used for taking

mackerel. South.
KETTLE-PINS. Skittles ; nine-pins.
KETTLE-SMOCK. A smock-frock. Somerset.
KETTY. Nasty ; worthless. Nt/rth.
KEVAL. A hard mineral. Also, a coarse sort

of spar. Derb.
KEVECHER. A head-cloth. Kevercheffes,

Plumpton Correspondence, p. 202.
KEVEL. (1) A bit for a horse; a gag for the

mouth. See Perceval, 424, and my note.
(2) A large hammer. North.

KIB

493

KID

KEVERAUNCE. Recovery. {A..N.)

And how of tliraldome bi no chaunce
Of his foos mijt he have keveiatincc

Cursor Mundi,31S. 0>U. Trin. Otntnb.i.G\.
SEVERE. (1) To cover. {J.-N.)

(2) To recover. Chaucer.

Theflesche that fastenyth them .imonge.
They kever hyt nevyr more,

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. M, !. 65.
Whom so thai hitlen with ful dent,
Keverd he never verrament.

.-Irthour and .Ver'iii, p. 31)3.

(3) To gain; to arrive; to aceonipUsli ; to ob-
tain ; to bring ; to descend. Gawai/ne.

KEVIN. Part of a round of beef. Here/.

KEVIR. To blubber ; to cry. Line.

KEVISS. To run up ami down; to rollick
about ; to beat. Line.

KEVVEL. To walk clumsily. Cum/,.

KE\\-K.\Vt'. AnTv; not right. See Depos.
Richard II. p. 2-1. It is spelt iewwau: iu
Taylor's Workes, fol. Loud. 1630, ii. 233.

KEWS. Irons used for the bottoms of shoes.
.■<ouf/i.

KEWTING. Kittening. Palsgrave.

KEWTYNE. To mew. Pr. Parv. p. 274.

KEX. A dry hollow stalk of hendock or sisniiar
plant, far. dial Cotgrave has, " Ca?!OK rf(?
suls, a ke.x, or elder sticke." It was some-
times used as a substitute for a candle.

KEY. (1) The principal claw in a hawk's foot.
Beitiers. Compare the Gent. Rec.

(2) Palsgrave has. " key to knytte walles to-
guyder, ehf." Compare Prompt. Parv. p.
269, " key, or knj-ttynge of ij. wallys, or trees
yn an unstabylle grownde, loramenlutn.''

(3) The fruit of the ash. I'ar. dial. Also
called eats and keys.

KEY-BEER. Superior ale or beer, kept imder
lock and key. Easf.

KEY-COLD. As cold as a key. " Key-cold
ground," Honest Ghost, 1658,'p. 29.

KEYII-WUSS. The left liand. Lane.

KEYS. To wear the keys, i. e. to have the do-
mestic management. Norlli.

KE\S.\ND. Squeamish ; nice. Cumb.

KE5TE. Caught. Anturs of Arther, p. 23.

KI. Quoth. North.

KIBB.VGE. Small refuse ; nff-raff. East.

KIBBED. Fenced ; hedged. Devon.

KIBBLE. (1) To bruize or grind coarsely, as
malt, beans, &c. Salop. Also, to clip stones
roughly.

(2) The bucket of a draw-well, or of the shaft
of a mine. Beeon.

(3) A stick with a curve or knob at the end,
used for several purposes, but generally for
playing the game of nurspell, which is some-
what similar to golf, or trap-ball. The game
is sometimes called Kibble and XurspeU, or
Kibble and Brig.

(4) To walk lamelv. Beds.
KIBBLE-COBBLE. To crease. Oxon.
KIBBLIXG-A.\E. An axe used for cutting

kibbles, or fire-wood. West.

KIBBO-KIFT. .\ny proof of great strength i.r
muscular power. Chesh.

KIBBY. Sore ; chapped. Devon.

KIBE. To jeer, or flout. Lane.

KIBRICK. Snlplmr. See Ashmole's Theat.
Chem. Brit. 1C:)2, p. 375.

KICIIEL. A small cake. {.i.-S.)

KICK. (1) To kiek tlie bucket, to kick stiff, to
expire. To kick the wind, to be hung. " To
die or kicke up ones heeles," Florio, p. 180. •
J kick up, a disturbance. A kick in one's
gallop, a strange whim.

(2) A novelty; a dash; quite the top of the
fashion. I'ar. dial.

(3) To sting, as a wasp. Heref.
(-(■) To oppose anything. I'ar. dial.

(5) To stammer. Devonshu-e Dial. p. 72.

(6) The herb Palma Christi.
KICKIIAMMER. A stammerer. Deeon.
KICKING. Smart ; showy ; well-dressed. West.

In some counties, kickij.

KICKISH. Irritable. North.

KICKLE. Uncertain ; fickle ; unsteadv ; totter-
ing. West.

KICKS. Breeches. A cant term.

KICKSEE-WINSEE. A strange term, implv-
ing restlessness. One of Tavlor's piece's,
Workes, 1630, ii. 33, is entitled, " The Scourge
of Basenesse, or the old lerry, with a ne°w
kicksey, and a new-cum twang, with the old
winsey." .\s a substantive it ma\- be explained
an unruly jade, and figuratively, a wife.
Shakespeare has kicky-nicky iu 'aIPs M'ell
that Ends Mell, ii. 3. '

KICKSiLVW. A dish in French cookery ; ap-

_ plied metaphorically to a fantastic coxcomb.

KID. (1) Made known ; discovered. {A.-S.)
This sclkouth mithe nouth ben hyd,
Fulsoneit was ful loude tid. Havelok, llKiO

(2) A small tub. Suffolk. The term is also ap-
pUed to a pannier or basket.

(3) A faggot. To bind up faggots. West. " Kvdde
a fagotte," Palsgrave.

(•1) The pod of a pea, &c. Dorset.

KIDCROW. A calf-crib. Cliesh.

KIDD.VM'. " In Cornwal they call the guil-
liam a kiddaw," Rav, ed. 167-i, p. 61.

KIDDIER. A huckster. East.

KIDDLE. (1) A dam or open wear in a river,
with a loop or narrow cut in it, accommo-
dated for the lav-ing of engines to catch fish.
Bloxint.

(2) Saliva ; spittle. West.

(3) To embrace; to cuddle. East.

(4) To collect gradually into a heap. Tlie farmer
calls a heap of dung collected bv small quan-
tities at difl'crcnt times his kiddle-heap.

(5) Unsettled, generally applied to the weather.
Kent.

KIDDLE-KITTLE. To tickle. South.

KIDDON. A loin of meat. Devon.

KIDE. .\ calf-kidc, a place made of boughs in

the field, or near the cow-house, in which tiie

calf is kept when sucking.
KID-FOX. A young fox. Shak.

KIN

4!)I

KIN

KIDNEY. Disposition; principles; habits;
humour. J'ar. dial.

KIDS. Kidiiev potatoes. North.

KIDWARE. Peas, beans, &c. Ketit.

KIE. Cows ; kine. Xort/i.

KIEVEL. A lot, or quantity. Yorksh.

KIFFE. Kith ; kindred. " For kiffe nor for
kin," Tusser. p. x.xvii.

KIFT. Awkward ; clumsy. IVest.

KIHT. Caught ; taken away. Ritson.

KIKE. To kick. {A.-S.)

KILE. An ulcer ; a sore. In MS. Med. Line,
f. 283, is a receipt " for kiles in the eres."

Makit riglitehale, and bynd it on a clathe, and
bynde it to the sare, and it sal do it away or garre it
togedir toatiVf. MS. Lincoln. Med. f . 300.

Tliai fare as dos a rotyn kUe,

That rotys and warkys sore.
Ay to hit be brokene oute ;
And afterward no m re.

MX. Cantab. Ff. v. 4B, f. 85.

KILES. Small leathers used to fasten chains.
A raining term.

KILK. Charlock. Sussex.

KILL. (1) A kiln. I-ar.dial.

(2) To kill up, to kill the remainder where many
have been already killed.

KILLAS. A clay slate. Derb.

KILL-CLOTH. Some kind of hood.

KILL-COW. A matter of consequence; a ter-
rible fellow. North. " Vou were liie onely
noted man, th' onely kill-kow, th' onely ter-
rible fello\y," Cotgrave.

KILLESSE. In architecture, a gutter, grove,
or channel. A hipped roof is said to be kil-
tfsed, and a dormer window is sometimes
called a killese window. See Oxf. Gl. Arch.

KILLICOUP. A summerset. North.

KILLI.MORE. An earthnut. Coniw.

KILLING-THE-CALF. A kind of droll per-
formance occasionally practised by vagrants
in the North of England. It is said to be a
very ancient amusement.

KILL-PRIEST. Port wine. far. dial.

KILLRIDGE. The herb arscsmart. Coli/rai-e.

KILPS. Pot-hooks. North.

KILSON. The keel of a barge. IVcst.

KILT. (1) Small ; lean ; slender. Yorksh.

(2) To tuck up clothes. North.

(3) Killed. Var. dial. (Spenser.)
KILTER. To dawdle ; to gossip. East.
KILTERS. Tools j instruments ; the component

parts of a thing. Essex.

KILVER. The same as Culver, q. v.

KIMBERLIN. Strangers. Dorset.

KIME. A silly fellow. Kennett.

KIMED. Cross; ill-tempered; awry ; cracked,
or silly. Salop.

KIM-K.\M. Quite wrong ; erroneous.

KIMNEL. Any kind of tub for household pur-
poses. See Kembing.

KIMY. Fusty; mouldy. Line.

KIN. (I) Kindred. {A.-S.)

That hire kin be ful wel queme.

Havdok, 393.

(2) To kindle ; t ) light. Staff.

(3) A chap, or chilblain. North.

KINCIL A small quantity. Line.

KINCHIN-CO. A youth not thoroughly in.
structed in the art of vagabond knavery. See
Dekker's Lanthorne and Candle-Light, 1620,
sig. B. iii. Kinehing-morts, according to
Dekker, Belman of London, 1608, are " girles
of ayeare or two old, which the morts (their
mothers) caryat their backes in their slates;
if they have no chililren of their owne, they
will steale them from others, and by some
meane disfigure them, that by their parents
they shall never be knovvne."

KIND. (1) A cricket. Somerset.

(2) Intimate. Not kind, unfriendly. North.

(3) Nature ; natural disposition. Kindly, natu-
rally. Var. dial. A very common archaism.

He tliat made ki/nde may fulfille
Ajeyn Iciiiide wiiat is His wille.

Ciirmr Mundi, Coll. Tiin. Canlab. t. 68.

(4) Thriving; prosperous. ITest.

(5) Soft ; tender. North.

(6) Kindred. Sir Tristrem, p. 145.

Thys ys the fyrst that y fynde,
Unbuxumnesse a^eas thy kr/nde.

MS. Hail. 1701, f. 20.
KINDA. Look vender. Suffolk.
KINDER. Rather. Var. dial.
KIND-HART. A jocular term for a tooth-
drawer. It seems there was an itinerant
dentist of this name, or, perhaps, nickname,
in Elizabeth's time. He is mentioned in
Rowlands' Letting of Humours Blood in the
Head Vaine, 1600.
KINDLE. To bring forth young, a term gene-
rally applied to rabbits. North. Bemers
calls a litter of cats a kindle.
KINDLESS. Unnatural. .Shak.
KINDLY. (1) Heartily ; weU. / ar. dial.
(2) Natural ; native. (J.-S.)

Uche kyng shulde malte him boim
To com to her kyndely toun.
Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Canlab. f. "0.

KIND-0. In a manner ; as it were. East.

KINE. (1) A small chink or opening of any
kind. North.

(2) A weasel. .S?«se.r.

KINER. A child's clout. Suffolk.

KINES. Kind. (J.-S.)

KING. Friday is sometimes caUed the king of
the week. Devon,

KING-ARTHUR. A game used at sea, when
near the line, or in a hot latitude. It is per-
formed thus : — A man, who is to represent
King Arthur, ridiculously dressed, having a
large wig made out of oakum, or some old
swabs, is seated on the side, or over a large
vessel of water. Every person in his turn is
to be ceremoniously introduced to him, and
to jiour a bucket of water over him, crying.
Hail, King Arthur ! If, during this ceremony,
the person introduced laughs or smiles, to
wliich bis majesty endeavours to excite him
by all sorts of ridiculous gesticulations, he
changes place with him, and then becomes
King Arthur, till relieved by some brother tar,

KIR

49/)

KIT

who has as little command over his muscles
as himself.

KING-BY-YOUR-LEAVE. " A playe that
children have, where one srtting hlyndetolde
in the midle, hydeth so tyll tlie rest liave
hydden themselves, and then he going to seeke
them, if any get his place in the meane space,
that same is kynge in his ronnie," Huloet,
1572. This game is mentioned in Florio, pp.
3, 480 ; Nomenclator, p. 298.

KINGEUX. The herh crowfoot.

KING-GAME. The pageant of the three kings
of Cologne. Nares.

KING-GUTTER. A main-drain. Devon.

KING-IIARRY. King Harry Redcap is the gold-
finch, and King Harry Blackapisthe blackcap.
King-Harry cat, a slash over the face.

KING'S-CLOVER. The melilot. It is likewise
called the king's cromt.

KIN'G'S-CUSHION. A temporary seat made
by two boys crossing their hands. North.

KING'S-PICTURE. Money. Norlli.

KINIFE. A knife. Somerset.

KINK. (1) To twist ; to entangle. Also, a twist
in a rope. North.

(2) To revive ; to recover. East.

(3) To laugh loudly. North. " With ever-
kincking vain," Optick Glasse of Humors,
1639, p. 150. " To lose breath in coughing,"
Tim Bobbin. " I laglie that I kvnke," Towne-
ley Mysteries, p. 309.

KINKER. An icicle. Dorset.

KINK-HAUST. The cliincough. North.

KINKLINGS. Periwinkles. Dorset.

KINREDE. Kindred. (A.-S.)

KINSE. Kind ; sort. YorAsh.

KINSIXG. Some operation for the cure of a
mad dog. Hall.

KINS.M.VN. A cousin-germau. \orf'. A
nephew, in Suffolk.

KIP. The hide of a young or small Iieast.
Var. dial. " Kyppe of lambe, a furre," Pals-
grave. Kip-leather, tlie tanned hide of a kip

KIPE.(l) Wrong. Lane.

(2) An osier-basket, broader at top than at
bottom, left open at each end. used in Oxford-
shire, principally for catching pike.

KIPLIN. The more perishable parts of the
cod-fish, cured separately from the bodv
East. '

KIPPE. To take up hastily. " Thus y kippe
ant cacche," Wright's Political Songs,'p. 152.

KIPPER. (1) Amorous. Lane. Also, hvely,
nimble, gay, hght-footed.

(2) k term applied tosalmon after theirspawning.
North. Hence, kippered salmon.

KIPPER-NUT. An earth-nut. " Th' earth
nut, kipper nut, earth chestnut," Cotgrave.

KIP-TREE. The horizontal roller of a draw-
well. Dean MiUes' MS. Glossary.

KIRCHER. The midriff. Somerset.

KIRK. A church. North. Uence kirk-ijorlh,
a church-yard; *i>A-»ias/?)-, a churchwarden •
kirk-mass, a fair. '

Kynge Rohtr.l wakenyd, that was in the kyike,
Hys raeu he ttlojt woo far to wyrke.

its. Cntit,,/,. Ff. ii. 38, f. 240
KIRKED. Turning upwards. Skinner.
KIRNE. A churn. North.
KIROCKS. The same as Kai?iis, q. v.
KIRSOME. Christian. Nares.
KIRTLE. A tunic, gown, or jacket. (.-].-S.)
The form of the kirtle underwent various
alterations at different times. Palsgi-ave trans-
lates it by corpset. It was worn by both
sexes. The woman's kirtle of the fourteenth
century was a close-fitting dress described in
Strutt, ii. 238 ; and the kirtle is mentioned in
Launfal (233) as being laced tightly to the
body. It seems to have been a mark of servi-
tude or disgrace to appear in a kirtle only.
The term is still retained in the ])rov:nces in
the sense of an outer petticoat. When a long
kirtle is spoken of, or when it is implied that
the kirtle is long, it must be understood as
having a kind of train or petticoat attached to
it : andahalf-kirtle is either part of this joint
article of dress. See Gilford's Ben Jonson,
ii. 260. Tlie upper-kirtle was a garment worn
over a kirtle.
KIRTYNE. A kind of sauce in ancient cookerv.

See the Ord. and Reg. p. 4C0.
KIRVE. To cut coal away at the bottom. .\.

mining term.
KISK. The same as Kej; q. v. Hence i«/iy.

dry, juiceless, husky.
KISS. Am we at the garden gate, the garden
pansy. Am me ere I rise, ibid. To kiss the
hare's foot, to kiss the post, to be too late for
any thing. To kiss the master, a term at
bowls meaning to hit the jack.
KISSES. Small sugar-plums. I'ar.dial.
KISSING-BUNCH. A garment of evergi-eens
ornamented with ribands and oranges, sub-
stituted for mistletoe at Christmas, when the
latter is not to be obtained.
KISSING-COMFITS. Sugar-plums pcrfiKiied,

for sweetening the breath.
KISSING. CRUST. That part where the loaves

have stuck together in baking. Var. dial.
KIST. (1) A chest. Norlh.

A kist ther wos in ttiat place.
That men put in thcr uffrande.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48,f.89.

(2) To cast. Somerset.

The grave lid awey tliei *i,<(,
And Jliesus loked into ttie chest.

Cmmr Mundi, MS. CM. T.in. Caitliib. f. 1)9.

(3) Kissed. In the first line it is of course used
in the first sense.

Fy on the taggis in the kiste.
I hadde i-nowe, yf I hire kt\te.

Cower, MS. S„c. ,lntiq. 134, f. 128.

KISTING. A funeral. North.
KISTRESS. A kestrel hawk. Btome.
KIT. (1) A smear, or dab. Cortiw.

(2) Cut ort'. Batman uppon Bartholome, 1582.

(3) A wooden vessel. Norlh.

(4) Brood; family; quantity. I'ar. dial.

(5) Working implements. 'North. Also, the
box containing them.

KIT

496

KLI

(6) An outhouse for cattle. JFest.

(7) A straw or rush basket for herrings or sprats.
East. Also used for anv kind of basket.

(8) A kind of fiddle. " Fidlers kit," Florio, p. 433.

(9) A eountr)' clown. Line.

KIT-CAT. A game played by boys in the East
of England easier to play than to describe.
Three" small holes are made in the ground tri-
angularly, about twenty feet apart to mark
the position of as many boys, each of whom
holds a small stick about two feet long. Three
other t)oys of the adverse side pitch succes-
sively a piece of stick, a bttle bigger than one's
thumb, called cat, to be struck by those
holding the sticks. On its being struck, the
boys run from hole to hole, dipping the end
of their sticks in as they pass, and counting
one, two, three, &c. as they do so, up to thirty-
one, which is game, or the greater number of
holes gained in the innings may indicate the
winners as in cricket.

Then in his hand he takes a thick bat,
With which he us'd to play at kit-cat,

Colton's fVorki, 1/34, p. 88.

KIT-CAT-CANNIO. A sedentary game, played
by two, with slate and pencil, and decided by
the position of certain marks.

KIT-CAT-ROLL. A kind of roller not cylindri-
cal, but somewhat in the form of a double cone
meeting in the middle. East.

KITCHEN. (1) All sorts of eatables, bread only
excepted. Nortli. Kitchen-physic, substantial
pood fare. Kitchen-stuff, refuse fat or meat
from the kitchen. See the Bride, 1640, sig.
C. iii, and Cotgrave.

(2) To be careful, or thrifty. Line.

(3) A tea-urn; a large kettle. North.
KITCHEN-BALL. A woodlouse. North.
KITCHINES^:-BRE.VD. Thin soft oat cakes

made of thin tiatter. Lane.
KITE. (1) The belly. Northumb.

(2) To strike, beat, or cut. Glome.

(3) A sharper. An old cant term.

(4) To keep ; to preserve. Somerset.
KITELLING. A kitten. " Ca/a/«.s, a kj-tylj-ng,"

Nominale MS. Kitting, HoUyband's Diction-
arie, 4to. Loud. 1593.
KITELLYNGE. Tickling. I,A..S.)

That nowe er deceyved thurgh quayntcs of the
devel, and kitdtynge of thaire fiesshe.

MS. Coll. Elan. 10, f. 4.
KITH. (1) Kindred; acquaintance. North.

(2) Knowledge. Kyth, Perceval, 1281.

(3) Country ; region. {J.-S.)

KITHE. To show, or make known. {A.-S.)
Hence, to exhibit in fighting, &c.
What did ;e in that place
Swylk maystris to kythe.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, t. 131.
The sothe y wylle the kt/thc.

its. Omtab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 8fi.
For at the justyng wolde y bene,
To kythe me with the knyghtys kenc.

MS. Ibid. i. 75.
KITING. A worthless fellow. North.
KIT-KARL. Careless. Suffolk.
KIT-KEYS. Ash-keys. Bullokar, 1656.

KIT-OF-TIIE-CANDLESTICK. A vulgar name
for the ignis fatuns, mentioned in Aubrey's
Wilts, Royal Soc. MS. p. 39. See also R.
Scot's Discoverie of Witchcraft, 1584, as
quoted in Uitson's Essav on Fairies, p. 45.

KITONE. A kitten. {A.-N.)

KIT-PACKS. A kind of buskins. West. Spelt
kittibats by Palmer, p. 59. Dean Milles gives
the following enigma : — " Kitteback has what
everything has, and everything has what
kitteback has," MS. Glossary, p. 160.

KITPAT. The old clogged grease in the stocks
of wheels. Dorset.

KIT.POLE. A wheel placed horizontally on an
upright piece of wood, on which horse-flesh
is kept for hounds. Suffolk.

KITTEDEN. Cut. {A.-S.)

KITTLE. (1) To tickle. North. Hence, ticklish,
hard, difficult, uncertain, skittish.

(2) To kitten, as cats. I'ar. dial. " Caller, to
kittle, as a cat," Cotgrave.

(3) A pretty kittle offish, a very bad business,
generally meant jocularly. Kittie-busy, of-
ficious about trifles. Kittle the chumps, to
stir the fire. Kittle of hand, free of hand, apt
to strike. Kittle-pitchering, a jocular method
of effectnally interrupting a troublesome teller
of long stories bv frequent questions.

KITTLE-REAP. Old, young,or unskilful hands,
unable to assist in the harvest on equal terms
with first-rate workmen, but who help them
and do other work at that busy time at higher
wages than usual. Suffolk.

KITTLE-SMOCK. A smock-frock. West.

KITTY. (1) A kit, or company. West.

(2) The house of correction. Nexre.

(3) The bundle of straw by v\'hich mines are
blasted. North.

KITTY-COOT. The water-rail. West.
KITTY-KYLOE. A kitten. Wore.
KITTY-WITCH. A kind of small crab; a

species of sea-fowl ; a female spectre. East.
KITTY-WREN. The common wren. Var.diat.
KITY. To lade out water. Beds.
KIVE. (1) Quoth. North. See A'i.
(2) The same as Keeve, q. v.
KIVER. (1) A cover. Var. dial.
(2) A kind of shallow tub. Susse.r.
KIWING. Carving. Havelok, 1736.
KIX. (1) The same as Kex, q. v.
(2) A buUace or wild plum. South.
KIZENED. Parched; husky; dry. North.

Also pronounced kizzard.
KLEG. A fish,gadus barbatus.
KLE.VIEY'N. A claim. See Manners and

Household Expences of England, p. 171.
KLEPE. To clip, or embrace. (A.-S.)
Howe klepet sche the dede corse, alias !

JUS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. .Vi.

KLEVYS. Rocks; clifl's. (A.-S.)

Here cs a knyghte in theis ktevys enclcsside with hllles.

That 1 have cnwayte to knawe. because of his wordei.

Morte ArtlMre, MS. Lincoln, f.78.

KLICK. (1) A nail, peg, or knob, for hanging

articles upon. North.
(2) To catch ; to hold ; to seize. Var. dial.

KNA

497

KM

KLICK-HOOKS. Large hooks used for catching

sahnou by day-light. North.
KLIKET. A fox. The following lines describe
the properties of a good horse.
Heded of an ox,
Tayled as fox,
Com))' .IS a kyng,
Nekk>d as a dukyng,
Mouthyd as a k^'k'i,
Witted as a wodkok,
Wylled as a wtdi-rcokp.

MS. Con. GuIlM E. ix. f. lin.
KLITE. To take, or pull up. Nor/h.
KLOTE. The same as Clote, q. v.

Take the rote of ttie klote, and stanipe it, and
turne it on whyte vvyne or ale, and drynk at jeve
hoot and at morow kolde. MS. .Med. Rec xv. Cent.
KLUCKS. Claws ; clutches. North.
KLUTSEN. To shake. North.
KLYNTES. Chasms ; crevices. West.
-So on rockes and kls/nte^ ttiay runneand dr> ve.
That all brekes in pecies and sodenly doith ry ve.

MS. Lansdowne 303, f. 8.
KN'.\-\. To know. North.
KN-\B. To snatch. To kimli the rust, to get

the worst of a bargain. South.
KNABBLER. A person who talks much to

little purpose. Susse.r.
KNACK. (1) To gnash the teeth ; to snap; to
strike ; to crack nuts ; to dash ; to nick ; to
speak atfectedly. North. Knack-and-rattle,
a noisy and rapid mode of dancing.
(2) A trick ; a dexterous exploit. Hence, a joke,

a pretty trifle.
(5) A kind of figure made of a small quantity of
corn at the end of the harvest, and carried in j
the harvest-home procession. Vfroji.
KNACKER. (1) A collar and harness-maker, |
chiefly employed by farmers. East. Kuack-
er's-brandy, a sound beating.
(2) .A. collier's horse. Glouc.
KNACKERS. Two pieces of wood struck by

moving the hand. A boy's plaything.
KNACK-HARDY. Fool-hardv. 'Somerset.
KNACK-KNEED. Baker-legg4d, q. v. for. dial.
KNACKS. The game of nine-holes.
KNACKY. Ingenious; handv. I'ar.dial.
KNAD. A knife. Cov. Mvst. p. 384.
KXAG. (1) To gnaw. Line.

(2) The rugged top of a hill. North.

(3) A wooden peg for clothes. Devon. The
term occurs in a similar sense in Le Bone
Florence of Rome, 1795, and in SyrGowghter,
194. Kiiayed, nailed, riveted.

(4 ) The antler of a deer.
KNAGGY. Ill-tempered. Var. dial.
KNAMANDE.MENT. Commandment. It oc-
curs in Gascoigne's Supposes, 1566.

KNANG. GrumbHng ; discontent. North.
KNAP. (1) The top of a hill. North. "A
hillocke, or knap of a hill," Cotgrave.

(2) To strike. Also, a blow. " Knap boy on
the thumbs," Tusser, p. 261.

(3) To talk short. North.

(4; The bud of a flower. South.

(5) To break off' short ; to snap. Xorkah.

Knap the thread, and thou art free.
But *tis otherwise with me. Hcrnvk'a Wurks, i. iTi'.
KNAPE. A lad ; a page. (.V.-S.)
Ac right now a Jitel knape
To Bedingbam com with rape.

Anhour and Merlin, p. 28il.
So felle it that this chcrlisclie knape
Hath lad this mayden where he wolde.

Gower. MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 23«.

KNAP-KNEES. Knock-knees. Suffolk.

KNAPP. To browze. Said of deer.

KNAPPE. A knop ; a button. (^.-S.)

KNAPPISH. Cross ; peevish. " Answering
your snappish quid with a knappish ^uo,"
Stanihurst's Desc. of Ireland, p. 35.

KNAPPLE. To bite, or nibble. North.

KNARLE. A dwarfish fellow. North.

KNARLY. Strong ; hearty. Somerset.

KNARRE. A rock, or cliff. Gaicayne.

KNARRY. Knotty. Chaucer.

KNAST. The snutf of a candle.

KNATCH. To strike, or knock. Line.

KNATTER. To nibble. .MetaphoricaUy, to
find fault with trifles. North.

KNATTLE. The same as Knatter, q. v.

KNAVATE. A knave. Skelton.

KNAVE. A lad ; a servant. {A.-S.)
We ne have to hete, ne we ne have
Herinne neyther knith ne knave. Havelok, 45iS.

KNAVE-CHILD. A boy. (W.-S.)
In holy churche, as clerkes fynde.
On his dou^tur, agayne kynde,
Ther he gate a knave-dnlde.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 4.'!.

KNAWANDE. Gnawing. Arch. xxx. 355,1. 191.

KNAWE. To know. North. See Havelok,
2785 ; KjTig Ahsaunder, 724. In some coun-
tries we have knawed, knew.

KNE. Degree. Heame.

KNEDDE. Kneaded. {A.-S.)

KNEE. A bent piece of wood. A term used
bv carpenters. North.

KNEE-HAPSED. Said of wheat, when laid li\
wind and entangled. South.

KNEE-HOLLY. The butcher's broom. South.

KNEE-KNAPT. Knock-kneed. Devon.

KNEELER. Explained by Holmes, " Stones
that stand upright, that makes a square out-
ward above, and inward below."

KNEEN. Knees. {J.-S.)

KNEESTEAD. The place of the knee. Line.

KNEESTR.U)S. Pieces of leather fastened to
the knees to protect them from the ladder,
worn by thatchers. Devon.

KNEP. To bite gently. North.

KNEPPARS. 'Wooden tongs used for pullijig
up weeds in corn. Yorksh.

KNET. Knit; tied. Weier.

KNETTAR. A string, or cord. South.

KNEW. A knee. {A.-S.)

And sche began mercy to crye.
Upon hire bare knew, and seyde.
And to hire fadir thus selie seyde.

Goiter, .WS. Sac. Antiq. 134 f. «S.

KNIBBERS. Young deer when they first be-
gin to have horns; prickers.

32

KNO

498

KXO

KMCK-A-KXACKS. Same as Knackers, q. v.

KNIFE. Appears sometimes to be used by old
writers for a sword or dagger.

KNIFE-GATY. Hospitable. Line.

KNIFE-PLAYING. Tossing up knives and
catching them, a sport practised by the an-
cient jogelours. See Weber, iii. 297.

KMFLE. To steal ; to pilfer. North.

KNIGHT. A servant. Generally, a servant in
war, a soldier; a knight. {A.-S.)

KNIGHTIIODE. Valour. Chaueer.

KNIGHTLE. Active; skilfid. yorth.

KNIGHT-OF-THE-POST. A hired witness; a
person hired to give false bail in case of anest.
Hence generally, a cheat or sharper ; a robber.
On this account, all those whose fortune's crost,
And want estates, may turn knightt of the post.

Fletcher's Pyenis, p. 258.

KNIP. To pinch ; to bite. Nort/i.

KXIPPERDOLLINGS. A sort of heretics,
followers of one Knipperdohng, who lived in
Germany about the time of the Reformation.
Blount's Glossographia, 16S1, p. 359.

KNIT. (1) To knit one up, to reprove him. To
knit up a matter, to finish it. See Holinshed,
Hist. England, i. 65. To knit np a man, to
confine him. The phrase occiu's in Palsgrave.

(2) Joined ; bound ; agreed. {A.-S.)

(3) To unite ; to hang together. West. Also,
to set, as fruit blossoms.

KNIT-BACK. The herb comfi-ey.
KNITCH. A bundle. Somerset.
KNITS. Small particles of lead ore.
KNITSTER. k female who knits. Det-on.
KNITTING-CUP. A cup of wine handed roimd

immediately after the marriage ceremony to

those who assisted in it.
KNITTIXG-PINS. Knitting-needles. East.
KNITTLE. A string fastened to the mouth of

a sack to tie it with. Sussex.
KNOB. A round tumour. South.
KNOBBED-STICK. A walking-stick, with a

knob at the end. Far. dial.
KNOBBER. The hart in its second year. See

further in v. Hunting. Spelt knoiler in Gent.

Rec. ii. 75.
KNOBBLE. To hammer feebly. JTest.
KNOBBLE-TREE. The head. Suffolk.
KNOBBLY. (1) Full of knots or lumps. Var. dial.
(2) Stylish. Somerset.
KNOBLOCKS. Small round coals. Lane.
KNOBS. To make no knobs of a thing, i. e. to

make no difliculty about it.
KNOCK. (1) To move about briskly. East.
(2) To knock a man over, to knock him down.

Knock tick ore, ore mi.xed with a coarse sort

of spar. Knocked up, worn out with fatigue.

Knock me down, strong ale. To knock at end,

to persevere.
KNOCKING. The cry of hare-hounds.
KNOCKING-MELL. .\ large wooden hammer

used for bruising barley. Knocking. trough, a

kind of mortar in which that operation was

performed.
KNOCKINGS. Native lead ore. Derb.

KNOCK-KNOBBLER. The name of the pers.m

who perambulates the church during divine

service to keep order. North.
KNOCKLEDEBOINARD. A term of reproach ;

a hard-working clown. Palsgrave.
KNOCK-S.\LT. A stupid lout. Suffolk.
KNOCKSTONE. A stone used for breaking

ore upon. A mining term.
KNODDEN. Kneaded. North.
KNOGS. (1) Ninepins. Yorish.
(2) The coarse part of hemp. JTest.
KNOKLED. With craggy projections.
KNOLL. (1) To toU tUe'liell. Still a common

word in the provinces.

(2) A Httle round hill. Kent. It occurs in IIS.
Egerton CH, xiii. Cent.

(3) .-V turnip. Ke7it. (Kennett, p. 54.)
KNOP. (1) Alargetub. Onnb.

(2) The bud of a plant. (A.-S.) " Out of the
knop," Du Bartas, p. 370.

Take half a pound of rede roses floures that be
gaderyd erly whyle the dewe lastys, and ben fulle
sprad, and pulle of the &«oppe,5, andclippe hem with
a peyre sherjs. .MS. iled. Rec. xv. Cent.

(3) A knob, or handle; the woollen tuft on the
top of a cap.

(4) The knee-cap. Nominale MS.

(5) A button. Rom. of the Rose, 1080.
KNOPPED. A term appUed to clothes when

partiallv diied. Line.
KNOPPE'DE. (1) Buttoned ; fastened. {A.-S.)
(2) Full of knops, or knobs. (A.-S.)
KNOPPIT. A small lump. East.
KNOR. a dwarfish fellow. North.
KNORNED. Rugsed. Gau-agne.
KNORRISH. Kiiottish ; full of knots.
KNOT. (1) A rocky summit. North.

(2) A boss, a bunch of flowers, &c. .\n architec-
tural ornament. Orf. Gl. Arch. p. 221.

(3) To seek a knot in a rush, to look for a needle
in a bottle of hay. See Elyot, in v. Scirpus.

(4) A puzzle. J'ar. dial.

(5) .\ parterre, or garden plat. West.

(6) The key or boss of a vault. It means some-
times a finial.

KNOTCHEL. To cry a woman knotchel is when
a man gives pubUc notice he will not pay his
wife's debts. Lane.

KNOTLINS. ChitterUns. Somerset.

KNOTSTRINGS. Laces. Devon.

KNOTTE. A bird, the Cinclus Bellonii of Riiy.
See the Archaeologia, xiii. 341. Blount calls
it a " delicious sort of small fowl," and says
its name is derived from Canute, or Knout,
who was said to have been verv loud of it.

KNOTTILLES. Knobs. Somerset.

He ha.le a heved lyke a buUe. and krwttillesin his

frounl, as thay had Ijene the bygynnyng of homes.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 1.

KNOTTINGS. Light com. Chesh.
KNOTTLED. Stunted in growth. South.
KNOTTY-TOMMY. Oatiiieal eaten with boiled

milk poured over it. North.
KNOULECHE. To acknowledge. (A.-S.)
KNOUT. King Canute. (.^.-5.) Anourfe, Cliro-

nicou Vilouuueiise, ed. Black, p. 92.

KON

-19!)

RRY

KNOW. (1) Futuo. StiU in use.
(2) KnowIed£;e. .\lso, to acquire knowledge.
KXOWLECHING. Knowledge. (J.-S.)
of hur for to have a syghte.
Of hur to have knowlechyng.

MS. Cantab. f(. il. 38, f. 140.
O sothfast Lorde, that haste the knnielechynge
Of every thynge, thorowe thy gretemyght.

Lyitgaf, US. Aihmole^.t. in.

KNOWLEDGE. Took his knowledge, knew hiui.

See Sir Perceval, 1052.
KNOWN. Knew. Var. dial.
KNOW-NOTHING. Very ignorant. East.
KNOWTH. To know ; to acknowledge.
KNOMTNG. Acquaintance. (A.-S.)
Thaiar aperte of my knntcytig,
Thel shalle spcke for the to the kyug.

MS CanCab. Ff- v. 48. f. M.

KNUBBLE. (1) A smallknob. Suffolk.
(2) To handle clumsilv. East.
KNUBLINGS. Small round coals. Jl'orc.
KNUCHER. To giggle ; to chatter. Siirrei/.
KNUCKER. To neigh. Kent and Su.^se.t.
KNUCKLE-DOWN. A phrase at marbles, or-
dering an antagonist to shoot with his hand on
the ground. Var. dial. Knuckle-to, to yield
or submit. Also, to adhere finuly,
KNUCKLES. The bands of a book.
KNUR. (1) A round hard piece of wood used in

the game of knurspell. North.
(2) A knot. Var. dial. " A bounche or knur

in a tree," Elyot, in v. Bnisciim, ed. 1559.
KNURL. A dwarf. Xorthumi.
KNUTTE.(l) Knights. (2) Knit ; tied. Weber.
KNYCCHIS. Bundles ; sheaves. Baber.
KNYLED. Knelt. Percy's ReUques, p. 4 .
KNYLLE. To knoll. North.
To wakyne Mildore the bryght.
With belles for to kntiUe. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 13fi.
KOCAY. A Jakes. Prompt. Parr.
KOCOK. A cuckoo. Arch. xxx. 409. It occurs

in Nominale MS. spelt kokoke.
KOD. Quoth. Robin Hood, i. 92.
KOF. The same as Cof, q. v. It means keen,
eager, in R. de Bmnne, p. 66.

Alias I queth Beves, whan he doun cam.
Whilom ichaddean erldam.
And an hors gode and snel.
That men clepede Arondel ;
Now ich wolde geve hit kof
For a schiver of a lof. Beves o/ Hamtounj p. 71,
KOISTER. Ill-tempered. North.
KOK. A cook. Havelok, 903.
KOKWOLD. A cuckold.

And, as I rede in story.
He was frofru'(y/ds\keriy,
Forsoihe it is no lesyng. MS. Mhmuk 61, f. 59,
KOLING. The crab-apple. Salop.
KOMBIDE. Combed. " Crispid and kombide,"

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincolu, f. 64.
KONE. To know. {.i.-S.)

Thys ensample were gode to kf>ne,
Bothe to the fadyr and eke to the sone.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 8.
KONNE. Boldly.' (.4.-8.)
And alle in fere sey konne
That Degary the pryce hath wonne.

MS. Canlat,. Ff. ii. 38, f. 247.

KONSYONIS. Conscience. Lydgate.
KONY'. Cannv ; fine. North.
KONYNGESTE. Most learned, or clever.
The kon!/ngeste cardynalle that to the courte lengede
Knelis to the conquerour, and karpesthire wordcs.
Morte .Arthure, .VS. Linctjin, f 87.
KOO. A jackdaw. Palsgrave.
KOOLESTOCKE. The colewort. Ortus Voc.
KOPPED. Proud ; insulting. North.
KORBEAU. The miller's thumb. Kent.
KOREN. Corn. Havelok, 1879.
KORWE. Sharp. Nominale MS.
KOSTANT. Constantine. JT. JTeni: p. 52.
KOTE. A tunic or coat. (A.-S.)

He dede to make yn the somers tyde
A kote perced queyntly with pryde.

MS. Harl.nn, f.2.1.
KOTTE. Caught ; catched. Heame.
KOTTEDE. Cut. Lydgate.

The ki^ttfde here forers of ermin,
The yonge children wendetherin.

Beves o/ Hajtit< un,p 136.
KOUP. To bark, or yelp. Salop.
KOUS. The same as AVj:', q. v. Latw.
KOUSLOPPES. Cowslips. Arch. xx.i;. 409.
KOUTH. Kindred ; acquaintance. (A.-S.)
To mi neghburs swithe ma,
Radnes to mi kouth aU-swa.

MS. Colt. Vesprn. D. vii. f. 1!>.
KOVE. .'l-kove. suddenly. (A.-S.)
KOWEYNTE. Quaint ; cunning.
KOWKE. A cook. Rehq. Antiq. i. 82.
KOWPE. The same as Chop, q. v.
KOYCHES > The Cambridge .MS. reads theves.
Fifteen kni/ches com in a slounde
Al slap, and gaf thay me thys wounde ;
I mun dye tharof, wol I wate,
Swa ifham in ivel state:
Of myself ne nys me noht.
On my lemman es al my thoht,

Guy of Waruiiek, Midilehm MS.
KR.\FTY. Skilfully made. " Fowre crosselettes

krafty," MS. Morte .\rthure, f. 88.
KRAIM. A booth at a fair. North.
KRAKE. To crack ; to break. (A.-S.)

With corowns of clere golde that krttkede in sondire.
Morte Arthure, .\I.S. Lincoln, f. 87.

KREEKARS. See Crakers; HaU, HenrvVIII.

f. 119 ; Baker's Chronicle, ed. 1696, p. 272.
KREEL. A worsted ball, the worsted beiiy

generally of diiferent colours. North.
KRESS-HAMK. A hawk. Coniw.
KRESTE. A crest. Nominale MS.
A kre.'^te he beryth in blewe,
Syr Bamarde then hym knewe.

MS. Cantab. Ff. U. 38, f. 80.

KREWELLE. Stem ; severe.
With kretvelle conteuance thane the kyng karpis thels

wordes,
I praye the kare noghte, »yr knyghte, ne caste you do
dredis. Morte .4rthure, MS. Lincoln, f, 95.

KRIB. A hundred square feet of cut glass.

Holme's Academic of Arms, 1688.
KRIKE. A creek. Havelok, 708.
KRINK. A bend, or twist. East.
KROCES. Crosses. Heame.
KROUCHEN. Perched. North.
KRYE. To cry ; to shout.

LAB

500

LAC

with knyghttly contenaunce sir Clegishymselfene
Kryes to the companye, and carpes thees wordez.

Morte Artliure, MS. Lincoln, f. 70.
KRV\'E. The crave. Langtoft, p. 91.
KU. A cow. C^.-S.)

KUCKUC. A cuckoo. See Mr. Wright's col-
lection of Latin Stories, p. 74.
K'JDDE. Showed. (.4.-S.)

I-hered be oure Lord Crist
That here kudde his myjt.

MS. Call. Trin.Oion.&l.
KUKE. A cook. NominaleMS.
KULLACK. An onion. Devon.
KULN. A windmill. North.
KULPY. Thick-set ; stout. Suffolk.
KU.NDERE. Nearer of kin. (A.-S.)
KUNGER. A conger. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 174.
KUNTEYNED. Sat ; held himself. W. Werio.
KUNTIPUT. A clown. Somerset.
KUNY. Coin. Prompt. Part.
KUSSYNYS. Cushions.

These fresh ladyes and thesP lordcs ben sette
On kuasynyt of silk togedir to and to.

MS. C'nilul,. Ft. i. 6. f. 142.
KITHTHES. Manners ; habits. (^.-5.)
KUTTE. To cut. (.V.-S.)
KUTTER. A swaggerer ; a bully. Kutt'mg, the
adjective, is also found in the same MS.
I serve the ruffler as the rest,

.'Vud all that brago and swashe ;
The kuttinge kuttersoi Queen-hyve.

And all that revellsdashe. .l/.5.../s?imo;e208.
KYBYTE. A cubit. Prompt. Parv.
KYDE. Famous ; renowned. (.-J.-S.)

Thane aftyre at Carlelele a Cristynmese he haldes,
Thisilkefcyrfe conquerour, and helde hyra for lorde.
Morte Jythitre, MS. Lincoln, f. 53.

KYDEL. A dam in a river for taking fish. See
Statute 2 Henry VI. c. 15, quoted in Chitty's
Treatise on theGame Laws, 1812, i. 373.
Fishes love soote sniell ; al^o it is trewe
Thei love not old kydiea as thei doe the new.

jiahmott^s Thcat. Chem. Brit. Itt52, p. 71.
KYE. (1) She. Heanie.
(2) To cry. Middleton, ii 485.
KYGHT.' Caught. Hartshorne, p. 122.
KYISH. Dirty. Suffoli.

KYKE. To look steadfastly. (.4..S.)
KYKNYTES. Knights. Cov. Myst. p. 180.
KYLE. A cock of hav. North.
KYLOES. Small Highland cattle. North.
KYMENT. Stupid. Heref.
KYNDE. Begotten. {.-J.-S.)
KYXDONE. "a kingdom. (,^.-5.)

That my fadresderechyldren bene
Into hys blys and kiindone withe me.

il/S. H<iW.2260, f. 71.
KY'NE. Kin; kindred. {A.-S.)

Now hafe I taulde the the kyne that I ofecome.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 81.

KYTs^ELD. Brought forth young. It occurs in

MS. Cott. Vespas. D. ™.'
KYXE-MERK. A mark or sign of royalty.

Ki/ne-i/erde, a sceptre. (A.-S.)
KYNG-RYKE. A kingdom. (^.-5.)
I make the kepare, syr knyghte, of kyng-rykes manye,
Wardayue wyrchipfuUe to weilde al my laiides.

SSurte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 60.

KYNLYME. The hearth-stock. Pr. Parv.
KYNREDENE. Kindred. {.-i.-S.)

And here es the ki/redene that I of come.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 81.
KYNTES. Knights. Heante.
KYPE. (1) An ugly grimace. Chesh.

(2) A coarse wicker basket, containing nearly a
bushel. Heref.

(3) To be very stingy. Line.

(4) Heed; care; attention; study. West.
(b) To belch ; to vomit. North.
KYPTE. Caught ; drew out. Heame.
KYRED. Changed ; altered. {A.-S.)
KYRRE. Quarry. A hunting term. {A.-N.,

To make tlie quarry, to cut up tlie deer, and
feed the hounds.

And after, whenne the hcrt is splayed and ded,
he undoeth hyin, and niaketh his ki/rrt', and en-
quyrreth or rewardeth hishoundes, and so he hath
gret likynge. MS.Bodl.5A6,

KYRST .' A wood. O.ron.

KYSE. Chester Plavs, i. 80. Qu. *y«e .'

KYTTED. Caught.' U'eier.

KYX. The bung of a cask. Prompt. Parv.
Also the same as Kex, q. v.

LA. (1) Lo; behold. (Kennett, MS.)
(2) Low. North.
L.\A. Law. Nominale MS.
LAB. A tittle-tattle ; a blab. Also called a
lab-o-the-tongue. IVest. It occurs in Chaucer.
LABARDE. A leopard. Isumbras, 189.
LABBER. (1) To batlie. Northumb.

(2) To loll out the tongue ; to lick up anything.
Somerset.

(3) To splash ; to dirtv. North.
I.ABECYUE. Whipped.'

Lett not thy tonge thy evyn-erysten dyspyse,
Ande than plesyst more myn exct-llcns
Than yff thu tubecyde with grett dylygens
Upon thy nakyde feet and bare,
Tyil the blode folwude for peyn and vyolens.

Mind, IVill, and Understanding, p. 20.

LABELL. A tassel. Huloet. " Lahelles hang-
ing lowne on garlands, or crownes," Baret.

LABLYNG. BabbUng. See Urry, p. 535.
He speketh here repreetfe and vylenye.
As mannys lablyng tonge is wont alway.

Chaucer, MS. Cantab. Ft. i.6, f. 61

LABONETTA. An old dance, beginning with

the pavian. {/tat.)
LABOUR. To cultivate the earth. To labour

on tlie way, to go onwards.
LABOURSOME. Laborious. AorM.
LABRUN. To labour. Const. Mas. 273.
LACCHESSE. Neghgence. {I.-N.)
The firste poyiite of slouthe [ calle
Lachesae, and is the chef of ille.

Golfer, MS. Sac. Antiq. 134. f. 103.

LACE. (1) To beat, or thrash. Var. dial. The
phrase often is, to lace the jacket. To lace
the skin, to eat enormously, (to tighten it .')

(2) To mix with spirits. North, l.ac'd coffee,
Praise of Yorksliire Ale, 1697, p. 3.

LAD

.■)01

LAG

(3) To streak, as with laces on dress ; to orna-
ment ; to embellish. " What en\ious streaks
do lace the severing clouds," Shakespeare.
Compare Macbeth, ii. 3; True Trag. of Richard
III. p. 47. StiU in use in the Nonh of Eng-
land. A person splashed with dirt would
said to be laced.

(■J) A beam. Sharp's Cov. Myst. p. 37.
Whenne al was purveide in place.
And bounden togider beem aod tace^
Th«i fond greet merryng in her merk.
Curst/r Mtindi, MS. Cfll, Trin, Cantab, f. 55

(5) To tie ; to bind. (.^.--V.)

L-VCED-JIITTOX. k prostitute. According
to Moor and Forby, the term is not yet ob-
solete. It occurs in Shakespeare.

LACED-TEA. See Lace (2).

LACERT. According to Cotgrave, a fleshy
muscle, so termed from its having a tail like a
lizard. The author of Dial. Creat. Moral, p.
92. compares its shape to that of a crocodile.

LACHE. (1) Sluggish. {J.-K.)

(2) .\. muddy hole ; a bog. Yorksh.

(3) To catch ; to take. {J.-S.) " To lacJie
fische," Legend of Pope Gregory, p. 1 7. Hence
sometimes, to embrace.

L.XCHRYM.E. The title of a musical work by
Dowland, frequently alluded to in old plays.

LACK. To blame. Sou/h. " Witb-owten lac,"
without fault, Ywaine and Gawin, 264.

L.\GK--\.DAIS1CAL. Very atfected, generally
applied to voung ladies. Var. dial.

LACKADAISY. Alack ; alas ! Var. dial.

LACKE. To beat. Ifeber.

LACKEE. To wander from home. West.

LACKES. Lackeys ; companions. Hearne.

LACKEY. To run by the side, like a lackey.
Heywood's Edward IV. p. 16.

L.\CKITS. Odd things ; odds and enils ; small
sums of money. North.

LACK-LATIN. A person ignorant of Latin ; an
uneducated man. " A silly clarke, an in-
former, a pettiefogger, a promooter. a Sir John
Lacke-Latine," Florio, p. 162.

LACKY. To beat severely. Dei-rm.

LACKY-BOYS. Very thin soled shoes.

LACTURE. A mixture for salads.

L.\D. (1) .A man-servant. North. In old Eng-
lish, a low common person.

(2) j\. thong of leather ; a shoe-latchet.

LADDE. "Led ; carried. (J.-S.)

LADDERS. The frame-work fixed on the sides
of a waggon. Var. dial.

LADDY. The diminutive of lad.

LADE. (1) To leak or admit wafer.

Withynne the ship wiche that .^rgus made,
Whiche was so staunche it myjte no water lade.

MS. Digby 230.

(2) Laden. Todd's Gower, p. 215.

(3) To fasten anything with bands of iron. A
joiner's term. North.

(4) A ditch, or drain. Norfolk.

(5) To abuse a person thoroughly.
LADE-GORN. .4 pail with a long handle to

lade water out with. Derb. Also called a
lade-pail. See Jennings, p. 51.

LADES. The same as iarfrfprs, q. T. In Somer-
set thev are called ladeskrides.

LADE-S.\DDLE. A saddle for a horse carry.
ing a load or burthen on its back.

LADGE. To lay eggs. Devon.

LiVDGEN. To close the seams of wooden ves-
sels which have opened from drought, so as
to make them hold water. Cheah.

LADIES-THISTLE. The Cardmw Benediclus,
Lin. See Palmer, p. 59.

LADILY. Ugly; hideous. C.^-5.) Brockett
has laidly in the same sense.

LADLE. To dawdle. Norfolk.

L.\DL1CKED. Licked or beaten by a youth or
lad. Salop.

LADRON. A thief. [Span.)

LAD'S-LOVE. Southernwood. J'ar. dial.

LADUN. .\ burthen. South.

LADY. " The ladie of the wicket, a by-word
for a midwife," Cotgrave, m v. Madame.

LADY-BIRD. .\ cant term for a whore.
A cast of lacquyes, and a tadiz-bird.
An oath in f.ishion, and a guilded sword.

Flticher's Pcems, p. 176 (er. 676.)

LADY'-BUDDICK. An earlv kind of apple.

LADY-CLOCK. The ladv-bird. Yorksh.

LADY'-OF-THE-LAKE. A cant term for a
courtezan, perhaps taken from the weU-known
character of that name in the Mort d'Arthur.

LADY'S-HOLE. A game at cards.

LADY'S-SMOCK. Canterburv- bells. This
flower is also called the lady's-nightcap,

L.\DY"S-T.\STE. The same as Ctagqum, q. v.

LAER. A barn. Yorksh. (Kennet't, MS.)

L.\FE. Remainder ; remnant. North.

L.VFF. To laugh. North. " Then wold voii
Inff'e." Collier's Old Ballads, p. 60.

LAFT. Left ; remained. (../..5.) " And laften
the gold," Chron. Vilodun. p. 102.
What foule that sittes or &\'e.
Whether it were ferre or nye,
Sone with hynl it t'lfte.

.VS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f, 51

L.^FTER. The number of eggs laid by a hen
before she sits. North.

LAG. (1) To crack; to split. }Ve.il.

(2) Late; last; slow. far. dial. Also, the
last or lowest part. " The weight would lagge
thee," Heywood's Iron Age, sig. K.iii.

(3) .A. game at marbles.

(4) The stand for a barrel. .\lso, the narrow
wood or stave. North

i'5) A law. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.

LAG A BAG. A lazy fellow. Suffolk. Forby

has it, but spelt lagarag.
LAGE. To wash. Lagge, a bundle of clothes

for washing. Old cant terms.
L.VGGED. Dirtied ; splashed. Palsgrave.
LAGGEN. (1) The stave of a cask. North.
(2) The angle between the side and bottom of a

wooden dish. Nortliumb.
L.iGGENE. They lay .=

Thane theire launces they lachene, theis lordlyche

byernez,
Lnggnne with longe speres one lyarde stede5.

Sforte Arlliure, MS. Ltncotf, (. 80

LAI

502

la:m

LAGGER. A green lane ; a narrow strip of

eround. Tl'est.
LAGH. Law. (.-I.-S.) It occurs in MS. Cotton.

Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 1.
LAGHBERER, A ruler. (A.-S.)
LAGHTE. Taken ; caught. (A.-S.)

And he lordely lyghttes, and laffhte of his brydille,

And lele his burlyche blonke baite on the flores.

Morte .-Irthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 81.

LAG-LAST. A loiterer. North. " Lastly,

laffly, behind all," Florio, p. 1-49. Logman, the

last of a company of reapers.
LAG-TEETH. Tlie grinders, so called because

the last in growth. See Florio, p. 511.
LAG-WOOD. The larger sticks from the head

of an oak tree when felled. Dorset.
LAID. (1) Killed; dead. Suffolk. The common

phrase is, laid by the trait.

The kyng of Lebe es laide, and in the felde levyde.

And manye of his lege mene that there to hym lan-
gede. Moi-te ArOtwe, MS. Liticuln, f. 73

(2) Laid down for a nap. East.
(.S) Just or slightly frozen. Xorf.

(4) Plotted; designed; contri%-ed. Shai.

(5) Laid out, bedecked with finery. Laid up,
confined from sickness. When a coal-pit
ceases working, it is said to be laid in..

(6) Trimmed, as with lace, &c.
LAIE. A lake. {A.-S.)

The blod ran in the valaie.

So water out of a late. Arthotir and Merlin, p. 197-
LAIER. Soil; dung. East.
LAIGHTON. A garden. Yorksh.
L.\IN. A layer of anything. The term occurs

in Harrison's England, p. 187.
LAINCH. A long stride. North.
LAINE. (I) To lay. {A.-S.) It is the imperf.
pL in the following example.

And III a chare they hym Itii/n*^,
And ladd hym home into .\lraayne.

MS. Camab. Ff. ii. 38, f. "7.

(2) To conceal. (A.-S.) " The sothe es noghte
to laine," the truth must not be concealed, a
very common phrase in old romances.

Sir Degrevaunt, es noghte to Ittyne,
His swerd base he owt-drawene.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 137.

(3) Concealment. From the verb.

Whan Robyn came to Notyngham,

Sertenly withoutene layne,
He prayed to God andmyld Mary
To bring hym out save agayne.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 126.
Lady, he sayd, wlthouten lafjne.
This is LauDcelottis sheld de Lake.

MS. Harl. 22.52, f. 94.
LAINERS. Straps; thongs. (A.-N.)
L.\IR. Soil ; land. " LajTe of a grounde,
terroy," Palsgrave. Brockett explains it.
mire, dirt. " Laire, open pasture, common
field," Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.
of water his body, is flesshe laire.
His heer of fuyr. his honde of ayre.

Curaor Mundi, MS Col. Trin. Cantab, f. 4.

LAIRD. (1) Learned. (A.-S.)

Ne riche, ne pour, ne bond, ne fre,
Luird, ne lawed, what sa he be.

Jo/m de }i'agebs/, p. 7.

(2) A proprietor of land. North. Properly, a

lord of the manor.
LAIRIE. An aery of hawks. Florio, p. 129.
LAIRING. Wadi'ng through mire, &c. North.
LAIRLY. Idle; base, Cumb.
L.\ISTOWE. " The ancient gardens were but

dunghils and laisfowes," Harrison, p. 209.

See further in Lay-stall.
LAITCH. To be idle and gay; to loiter; to

laugh ; to titter. North.
LAITCHETY. Idle; careless. South.
LAITE. To search ; to seek for. Still in use

in tlie North of England.
LAITER. The same as Lafter, q. v.
LAITH. (1) Loath ; loathly. North.
(2) To bid, ask, or invite. Yorksh.
LAK. Vice ; sin ; little. Hearne.
LAKE. (1) A kind of fine linen. Shirts were

formerly made of it. It is mentioned in a

laundress's list of articles in MS. Cantab. Ff.

i. 6, f. 141, and by Chaucer. The following

passage establishes its colour.

The dais6 y-corowned white as lake,
An vielettis on bankes be bedene.

MS. Cantab Ff. i. 6, f. 11-

(2) Fault. (A.-S.) Octovian, 1394. Kennett
explains it, disgrace, scandal.

So ere these bakbytres won.
Thai say the wrast that thai con.
Ever behynde a manys bake
With ille thai fynde to hym a lake.

R. de Bninne, MS. liotves, p. 31.
For yn the syxte ther y spake.
V touched of thys yche lake.

MS. Harl. 1701, f, 20.

(3) To lap up. Lane.

(4) Any small rivulet. Devon.

(5) To be costive. North.

(6) To play. Also, a play. North. Hence
laker, a player or actor.

William wel with Meliors hiswille than dede.
And lat/ked thereat lyking al the long daye.

William and the Werwolf, p. 38.

(7) To pour water gently. North.

(8) To like; to please. ' Sevyn Sages, 1212.

(9) A den ? See Cov. Myst.'p- 387.

(10) Lack of anything. Palsgrave.
LAKE-WAKE. The ceremony of watching a

corpse previously to burial. It is mentioned
by Chaucer, Cant. T. 2960, spelt liche-wake,
more in accordance with its etymology.

LAKIN. (1) See Byrlakin.

1 2) A plaj-thing ; a toy. North. " He putt up
in his bosonie thes iij. lakayns," Gesta Rom.
p. 105. Lakynes, Nominale MS.

LAL. A petted, spoilt child. East.

LALDRUM. A very great simpleton. Ea.it.

LALL. (1) Little. North.

(2) To lounge, or loiter. Norfolk.

LALLOP. To beat, or thrash, far. dial.

LALLOFS. A slattern. North.

LAM. To beat soundly. Var. dial. " I'le
lambe your jackett, sirrah," MS. Lansd. 1033,
f. 2. Hence lamb-pie, a sound beating ; and,
perhaps, lamback, to beat. " Dob , beaten,
lammed, bethwacked," Cotgrave.

LAM

503

LAN

I.AMB-HOGS. Lambs before shearing. North.

LAMBOYS. The drapery which came from
below the tasses over the thighs, sometimes
imitated in steel. See Hall, Ilenr\- IV. f. 12.

LAMBREN. Lambs. (A.-S.)

LAMBS. RufBans employed at elections to
impress upon the persons and property of the
peaceable inhabitants the "physical force"
doctrine. Times, Nov. 4th, 1844.

L.\MBSKIN. A glutinous substance sometimes
found in vinegar. Line.

LAXIBSKINES. Strokes. See Lam.

And because therof, I did give her three or four
lambskines with the yerd. Thou serverist her well
ynough, said he. Ms,.-istimoL 2il8.

L.AMBSKINET. A juvenile game at cards.
Saloj/. From Fr. Lan>!quenef.

LAMB'S-LEG. Nasal dirt. Var. dial.

LAMB'S-QUARTERS. The white goose-foot.
Lamb-sucklings, the flowers of bird's foot
clover. North.

LAMB-STORMS. Spring storms, often preju-
dicial to voung lambs. East.

LAMB'S-TONGUE. Rib-grass. South.

LAMB'S-W'OOL. Apples roasted, beaten into
a pulp, and well mixed with strong ale.

LAMB'S-WOOL.SKY. A collection of white
orbicular masses of cloud. Devon.

LAMBYKE. An alembic. Arch. xxx. 409.

LAME. (1) Often. {A.-S.)

(2) A lamb. " Affuus, a lame ; ayna, a new
lame," Nominale MS.

(3) Loam; mud; clay. (/l.-S.)

of erthe and l,jme as was Adam
Makede to noye and nede.
We er als he maked to be,
Whilles we this lyfe salle lede.

MS. Lincoln .tL. i. 17, f. 213.
Ther is a men that het Jhesus,
With lame he anoynt myne e;en two.

Cursor Mundi, .MS. Coil. Trin. Canlali. {. 84.

(4) A person wounded or injured in any limb
was formerlv said to be l^jne.

LA.MENTABLE. Very. far. dial.

LAMETER. A cripple. North. lathe West
of England a lamiger.

LAM-FLOOR. At Wednesbury, Co. Stafford-
shire, the fourth parting or laming in the
bodv of the coal is called the lam-floor.

LAMI'nGS. The partings of coal. Staff.

L.\M-L.\KEXS. See Bulls-and-Coics.

LAMM. (1) A plate or scale of metal. An
armourer's term. Florio, p. 19.

(2) To catch eels. Suffolk.

L.\MMEL. Same as Lambskinet, q. v.

L.\-\IM1NG. Huge; great. Formed similarly
to wnpping, &c. from lamming, a beating.

LAM.MOCK. To slouch. Var. dial.

LAMP. (1) To shine. Spenner.

(2) An iron cradle let down with fire into a
coal-pit to make a draught of air. Staff.

LAMP.ASS. An excrescence of flesh above the
teeth in horses, which prevents their eating.
Topsell's Beasts, 160?, p. 362.

LAM-P.\Y'. The same as Lam, q. v.

LAMPER-EEL. "^he lamprey. East.

L.\MPLOO. An outdoor bov's game.

LAMPORS. A kind of thin 'silk. {Diet.)

LAMPRONS. Lampreys. Ord. and Reg. p. 449.

LAMPSED. Lamed; injured. West.

LAMPUS. The same as Lummox, q. v.

LAM'S-GRASS. Spring, or early grass. West.

LANCASHIRE. " Lancashire law, no stakes,
no draw," a saying to avoid payment of a bet
when verbally made.

LANCE. Explained by Heame, " rouse, start,
raise, stir up, shoot at." Apparently connected
with Launche, q. v.

LANCEGAY'. .A sort of lance. Blount men-
tions it as prohibited by statute.

Me Ihoujte a fyry Itincegai/
Whilom thorow myn ht-rte hecaste.

Cowfr,iIS. S,,,: Ai.tiq. 134, f. 24".

LANCE-KNIGHT. Afoot-soldier. "Lasqnenet.
alanceknight, orGermane footman," Cotgrave.
" Lansnyght, lanceguenet ," Palsgrave. These
quotations establish the correctness of Gif-
ford's explanation, which is doubted by Nares.
" Our lansquenight of Lowe-Germanie," Dek-
ker's Knights Conjuring. ]>. 59. Blount says,
" lance-knights were anciently such horsemen
in war as were armed with lances."

LANCELET. A lancet. Baret.

LANCEPESADO. "The lowest range and
meanest officer in an army is called the lance-
pesado, or precado, who is the leader or
governor of half a file," The Soldier's Acci-
dence. The name is variously written.

LAND. (1) That part of ground between the
furrows in a jiloughed field. North.

(2) Freehold, in contradistinction to copyhold,
or leasehold. Devon.

(3) The same as Launde, q. v.
LAND-CRESS. Winter-cress. South.
LAND-DAMN. This word is a Shakespearian

puzzle. Perhaps the following passage will
explain the mystery, — " Landau, lantan, ron-
ton, are used by some Glostershire people in
the sense of scouring or correcting to some
purpose, and also of rattling or rating severely,"
Dean MiUes' MS. Glossarv, p. 164.

LAND-DRAKE. The land-rail. Glouc.

LANDED. Covered or thickly coated with dirt.
Line. It is generally followed by up.

LANDER. A man who attends at the mouth of
a shaft to receive the kibble, &c.

LANDERER. A person who washed clothes.

LANDERN. A grate, .\orlh.

LANDFEATHER. A bav of the sea.

LANDLOUPERS. Persons who fly from the
country for crime or debt. North. Stanihurst,
p. 50, has /amWeo^ers, apparently in the sense
of invaders.

LAND-LUBBER. A sailor's term (in ridicule)
for any one not a seaman.

LAND-LUNG. The ash-coloured ground liver-
wort. Suffolk.

LANDMALE. A reserved rent, or annual simti
of money, charged upon a piece of land by
the chief lord of the fee, or a subsequent mesne
owner. Finchale Ch.

LAN

504

LAN

LAND-MATE. In Herefordshire he that in
harvest time reaps on the same i Idge of ground
or land with another, they c; 11 land-mates.
Blount, ed. 1681, p. 366.

LAND-MEND. To level ground -with a shoveV
after wheat has been sown. Glouc. Tliis is
taken from Milles' MS. Glossary.

LANDREN. Ladders. Ilearne.

LAND-SCORES. Anciently the greatest part
of the country lay in common, only some
parcels about the villages being enclosed, and
a small quantity in land-scores allotted out for
tillase. Carhsle's Accounts of Charities, p. 295.

LANDSCRAP. A landscape. Shirlty.

LAND-SHARE. The headland of a field. Devon.

LANDSHUT. A land-flood. Here/.

LANDSKIP. A landscape. Arch. x. 405.
Love's like a latidskip, which doth stand
Smooth at a distance, rouRh at hand.

Clfaieland's Pomis, 1660, p. 70.

LAND-VINE. A native vine. Baret.
LAND-WIIIN. The plant rest-harrow. East.
LAND-YARDS. Two staves or 18lt. in Cornwall

are a land-vard, and 160 land-vards an acre.
LANE. Reward? (J.-S.)

Thorowe Goddis helpe and his knefe.
Thus hase the geant Inste his lyfe;
Ho loves Gode of his tntie.

MS. Linmln A. i. 17, f. HO.
LANEING. Concealment. North.
LANG. Long. Nortti. (A.-S.)
LANGABERDE. Lombards. Gmnayne.
LANGAN. The socket of a spade or shovel.

West. Also called langit.
LANGAR. The lash of a whip. Cnmh.
LANG-AVIZED. Long-visaged. North.
LANGDEBEF. The herb bugloss.
LANGEE. To long for. Devon.
LANGELE. To bind together. Pr. Pan.

Still iu use in the North, to hopple a horse.

Langets, chains for binding liorse's feet.

Langett occurs in Towneley Myst. p. 26,

meaning a strap or thong. " Langot of the

shoe, the latchet,'' Kennett.
LANGELLS. Blankets. Finchale Ch.
LANGET. A strip of ground. West. At

Islip, CO. Oxon, is a field called Lankot.
L.\NGEZ. Belongs ; appertauis.

Thow has clenly the cure tliat to my coroune /an^e:.

Of alle my werdez wele, and my weyffe eke.

itwte Arthure, 31S. Unctitn, f. 60.

L.\NGHOLDS. Spaniels upon the feet of horses
fastened with a horse-lock to keep them from
leaping WTOng. North.

LANGLE. To saunter slowly. East.

LANG-LOANING-CAKE. A cake made for
scboolliovs in the vacation. North.

LANGLY. ' A long time- (^.-S.)

The horse strekede oute his nekke als ferre als he
myghte, and likked Alexander hand ; and he knelid
doune on his kncesse, and bihelde Alexander in the
vesage lart^li/. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 1.

LANGOON. A kind of wine, mentioned in the
Praise of Yorkshire Ale, 1697, p. 3.

LANGOT. See Lanijele.

L.\NGOt'UE. Weakness ; faintness. (A.-N.)

LANGREL. Very tall ; long ; lanky. Line.

LANGRETS. False dice, loaded so as to come
up guater or tray more frequently than the
other numbers.

His langrets, with his hie men and his low.
Are ready what bis pleasure is to throw.

Rotclands' Humorg Ordinarie, n. d.

LANGSAMENESS. Listlessness. Ems,iU.339.
I.ongsome, tedious, tiresome.

LANGSYNE. Long ago. Langsyners, persons
who lived long since. North.

LANGTOE.

Shee added, withaU, the report of her better for-
tunes ; how shee had a swifter and more profitable
mutation of her ale in former time, how that first
her ale was ale, and then it was langtoe, and then it
was ale afraine. Rowley's Search for Money, 1609=

LANGL'AGER. A linguist. Thvnne. p. 30.

LANGURE. To languish. Chaucer.

LANGWORT. The white hellebore.

LANIER. A thong of leather. {A.N.) "Lanyer
of lether," Palsgrave. The lash of a whip
is still so called in Suffolk.

LANK. (1) The groin. Devon.

(2) Lean ; miserable. North.

LANNARD. The laner hawk. The lanier is
the male, and the laneret the female. See
Markham's Countrey Farme, 1616, p. 714.

LANNOCK. A long narrow piece of land.
Wilts. See Langet.

LANSELE. The herb nihwort. (.-/...V.)

LANT. (1) Urine. North. Cotgrave has,
" Ecloy, lant, urine."

(2) To beggar, or make poor. Yorksh.

(3) Lent. "Reliq. Antiq. i. 259.

In cuntre som tyme was a man
That /ante penyes of that he wan.
Cursor Mundi, MS. Cot. Trin, Cantab, f. 87.

LANTERED. Hazarded. Northumh.

LANTERLOO. A game mentioned in Games
Most in Use, 12mo. n. d. The game of loo
is still termed lant in the North.

L.\NTERN. (1) A lettem. Daries, p. 17.

(2) Lantern and candle-light, the old cry of the
London belman at night. Its origin is lu-
dicrously accounted for in Hobson's Jests,
1607. One of Dekker's tracts is entitled,
"Lanthorne and Candle-Light, or the Bell-
mans second Nights-walke, in which he brings
to light a brood of more strange vUlanies then
ever were till this yeare discovered," 4to.
Lond. 1620. (First ed. 1609.)

LANTERN-FISH. The smooth sole. Cornu:

LANTERN-LEET. The horn or glass at the
sides of a lanthorn. North.

LANTERN-PUFF. A burrv. Wartc.

LANTERN-STAFF. A logger tied to a horse's
foot, to enable a person to catch him more
easily. Beds.

LANTERN-SWASH. A great consternation.

LANTHORN-JAWED. Thin-faced, far. dial.

LANTREE. The bar hooked to a plough or
harrow, to which the traces are attached.
Here/.

LANYELS. Horse-hopples. Yorksh.

LAR

505

LAR

LAP. (1) To wrap up; to inclose; to cover.
Hall, Richard III. f. 3, describing the murder
of the infant princes, says, " this Miles Forest
and John Dighton about mydnight, the sely
children hyng in their beddes, came into the
chaumbred and sodenly lapped them up
amongest the clothes." Still in use.
They lapped hyra in on every syde,
Ther was no bote but to abyde.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 78.
Sewed theme in sendelle sexti taulile aftire,
Lappede them in lede, lesse that they schulde
Chawngeor chawffe, jif thay myghte escheffe.

Morte Jrthurfj ilS. Lincoln, f. 77.

(2 ) Leaped ; vaulted. North.

(3) The end or bottom of a garment ; the skirt
or lappet. {A.-S.)

(4) To flog, or beat. Somerset.

(5) To lay anrthing in a person's lap, i. e. to
put it totally in their power. To lap up. to
relinquish anything; to express in a proper
manner.

(6) Porridge. An old cant term. Forby calls
it, " thin broth, weak tea," &c.

(7) A covering.' See Loppe.

Apes outwardly resemble men very much, and
V'esalius saith that their proportion diffreth from
mans in moe things then Gallen observeth, as in the
muscles of the brsast, and those that move the armes,
thelbow and the ham, likewise in the inward frame
of the hand, in the muscles moving the toes of the
feet, and the feet and shoulders, and in the instru-
ment moving the sole of the foot, also in the funda-
ment and messentary, the lap of the liver, and the
hollow vain holding it up which men have not.

TopseiCs Four-Fooffd Beasts, 1607, P- 3.

LAPARD. The female pudendum. Devon.
LAPASS.\RELLA. The name of an old dance

described in Shak. Soc. Papers, i. 27.
LAP-BANDER. Anv-thing that binds two

articles more closely together. North.
LAP-CL.\P. A loud' kiss. Deeon.
L.\P-CLOTH. .\n apron. Chaucer.
LAPE. To walk about in the mud ; to go

slovenly, or untidily. North.
L.APISE. Hounds are said to lapise when they

open in the string. Gent. Rec. ii. 78.
LAPLOVE. Corn convolvolus. North.
L.APPE. Covering. {J.-S.)

And alle ledis me lowttede that lengede in erthe.
And nowe es iefte me no lappe my lygham to hele.

Morle Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 88.
LAPPIOR. A dancer. Cortiw.
LAP-STONE. The stone on which a shoemaker

beats his leather. North.
LAQUEAR. A ceiling. (Med. Lat.)
LARAS. Any round pieces of wood turned by

the turners. Devon.
L.\RD. To baste meat. North.
LARDER. Raihng; noise. (A.-N.)
Tho was Otuwel fol of mood.
And faught as he were wood.
Al the kinges ost anon
Foleuweden Oiuwel echon,
Roulond and Oliver,
And maden a I'oul larder.

Romance of Otuet, p. 64.

LARDERY. A larder. See Ord. and Reg. p.

I 21. " Lardarium, a lardyrhows," Nominale

MS. Still used in Yorkshire.
LARDING-STICK. An instrument for piercing

holes, used in cookery for larding certain

fowls, &c.
L.\RDOSE. A screen behind an altar in a

cathedral. Kennett.
LARE. (1) A rate or tax. (,J.-S.)

(2) Learning ; lore ; doctrine. (^^.-5.)

The whilke gladely resayves the tare of haly kirke
thaire moder. J/.5. q,;;. Eton. 10, f . 12.

Thay lett by thi tare lyghte.
And covetede the golde bryghte.

MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. 232.

(3) A quagmire, or bog. North.
LAREABELL. The sun-flower. Line.
LARE-FATHER. A schoolmaster. North.

According to Kennett, an adviser, a coun-
sellor. See MS. Lansd. 1033.

LAREOVERS. When children are over inqui-
sitive as to the meaning or use of any articles,
it is sometimes the custom to rebuke' them by
saying they are lareoversfor meddlers.

LARGE. (1) Large and long were characters in
old music. One large contained two longs ;
one long two breves.

(2) Range. Skelton, u. 239.

(3) At my large, at my liberty.

I Salle at Lammese take leve, and logeat my large
In delitte in his laundez wy th lordes y-nowe.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, (, 57.

(4) Spacious ; free ; prodigal. (A.-N.)
LARGELY. Fullv. Chaucer.
LARGENESS. LiberaHty. {A.-N.)

And that Nature thegodesse
Wylle, off hyre fre largynejse,
With erbys and with flourys bothe
The feldys and the medwys clothe.

MS. Oiiirai,. Ff. i. 6, f. 1.

LARGESS. A bounty. The reapers in the
Eastern counties ask passengers for a largess,
and when any money is given to them, all
shout together. Largess ! Largess ! Largesse
is not uncommon in early EngUsh, meaning
bounty, Uberality. " Crye a larges when a
rewarde is geven to workemen, stipern voci-
ferare," Huloet, 1552. It was anciently the
crj- of minsti-els at feasts.

LARGYLYCHE. Largely. Rob. Gloue.

L.\-RI. An excl. denoting surprise.

LARIOT. The witwal. Florio, pp. 99, 106.

L.\RK. A wild fellow ; a mad prank. Also,
to plav mad tricks. Var. dial.

LARK-HEEL. Long-heeled. Line.

LARKS-LEERS. .Arable land not in use ; any
poor or barren land. Somerset.

L.\RME. An alarum. Palsgrave.

LARMY. Sorrowful. Somerset.

LARONE. A thief. (.-f.-.V.) " Greasie larone,"
Nabbes' Bride, 1640, sig. F. ii.

LARRICK. Careless. Yorish.

L.\RRS. Elves, or spirits. IVarner.

LARRUP. To beat. Var. ilial.

L.^RRY. A scolding, or lecture, ff'est.

LART. (1) Taught. Yorish.

(2) A wooden floor. Somerset.

32*

LAS

506

LAT

LARTIN-NAILS. Nails used for fixing laths

in floors. Somerset.
LARUM. To beat a larum on a woman's stiddj-,

rem cum aliqua habere.

Tell me, I pray thee, what did he, Tibby ?
Did he beat a larum on thy stiddy ?

Yorkshire Diulogue, 1697, p. 53.
LARY. Empty. Wast.
LARYDOODLE. The penis. Denon.
LAS. A lace ; a snare. i,A.-N.)
I.AS-CIIARGEABLE ! Be quiet ! TTest.
LASCUE. In MS. Sloane 1698, f. 9, is a receipt

" for to make rede lasche or lelher."
LASE. Less. Sir Degrevant, 262.
L.\SER. Leisure. Plumpton Corr. p. 116.
LASH. (1) To lash out, to kick; to be prodigal ;

to dilate. To leave in the lash, in the dirt,

mud, or lurch. Lash, extravagant, Holinshed,

Conq. of Ireland, p. 30.

(2) To comb the hair. North.

(3) A string or cord in which beasts are held ;
a snare. See has.

(4) To heat severely. North.

(5) Soft ; watery ; insipid. East.
L.ASH-COMB. ' A wide-toothed comb. North.
LASH-EGG. -A soft-shelled egg. Suffolk.
LASHER. A wear. Oxon.
LASHIGILLAVERY. A superfluity, especially

applied to articles of food. North.
LASHING. Lavish. Taylor.
LASHINS. Great quantities. Northumb.
LASHNESS. Slackness ; dulness. l^A.-N.)
LASK. -A diarrhcea. See Fletcher's Difl'erences,
1623, p. 33; MS. Sloane 1585, f. 121. There
is a receipt " to stop a laske" in the same MS.
f. 152. It is not quite obsolete.
LASKE. To shorten ; to lessen ; to bring to

an end. See Will. Werw. pp. 21, 35.
LASS. Lazv. /. iriqht.
LASSCHYXGE. Rushing.

For Ijjle lassebyage flame alle the londe over.

MS. Colt. Calig. A. ii. f. 111.
LASSE. To lessen, or decrease. (J.-S.)
So that his owen pris he lagseth.
Whan he suche raesure overpas&eth

Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq, 134, f. 54.
The dayis gon, the moneth passid,
Hire love encreseth and his /(wffc(A.

Gownr, MS. Ibid. t. U».
For schame woche may nojt be lagsyde
Off thyng that was to-fore pa^yde.

US. CdiKat. Ff. i. 6, f.l .
LAST. (1) The groin. StiffoUc.

(2) To stretch out ; to extend. North.

(3) On his last legs, nearly undone. Of the
last edition, of the newest fashion.

(4) A measure. It is eighty bushels of corn,
twelve barrels of fish, foiu^een barrels of pitch,
tar, or ashes, twelve dozen hides or skins,
twenty thousand herrings, twelve sacks of
wool, twenty dickers of leather, &c. " White
herringes a lastc. that is to saye, xij. barrelles,"
Ord. and Reg. p. 102.

(5) .A court held in the marshes of East Kent,
consisting of twenty-four jurats, who levy
rates for preserring the marshes.

LAST.AGE. " Ballesse or lastage for shippes,

saburra," Huloet, 1552.
LAST-D.AY. Yesterday. Jl'est.
L.\STE. Loss. Reynard the Foxe, p. 85.
LASTENEST. Most lasting. Var. cUal.
LASTER. The coming-in of the tide. Also

the same as Lafter, q. v.
LASTREL. Some kind of hawk.
LASTS. The perindum. Sufoli.
LASTY. Lasting. North.
LAT. (I) A lath. (J.-S.) i«/.Wrer, a person

who makes laths. North. " A latt, asser,"

Nominale MS.

(2) Slow ; tedious. JTest. Lat-a-foot, slow in
moving. Wilbraham, p. 53.

(3) To hinder. More tisnally let.

(4) Wet. unseasonable, generally applied to the
weather. North. See Ray's Words, ed. I67'l,
p. 29 (wrongly paged 26).

(5) Fashion, or manner. Scott.

(6) Leadeth. (A.-S.)

Ac ther the bUnde tit the biynde.
In dich thei fallen l> -^Ehe two.

r.'rnon MS. Bodteinn Libr.
LATAND. Letting. (A.-S.)

In that mene tyme .Alexander sent a lettre tille

Olympyas, his moder, and tille his mayster .Arestotle,

latand thame witte of the batelles and the dyssese

that thaysuffred. MS. Lincoln A.i.I7,f.46.

LATBRODS. Lath-nails. Finchale Ch.

LATCH. (1) Fancy ; wish. Somerset.

(2) To measure under the surface of a mine to
ascertain how much of it hasbeeu used. North.

(3) To light or fall. Siiffoli. Kennett gives
these meanings as current in Durham.

(4) To support ; to hold. I'ar. dial.

(5) To tarry behind ; to loiter.

(6) To catch. See Macbeth, iv. 3. We have
had the older form in v. Lache. " Latclung,
catching, infecting," Ray, ed. 1674, p. 29.
In the following passage, MS. Bodl. 294 has
lacche, the best reading.

How Polyphemus whilom wrought.
When that he Gal.ithe besought
Of love, whiche he male not latche.
That made him for to waite and watcTie.

Gmver, ed. 1554, f. 27.

(7) A cross-bow. Meyrick, iii. 10.

(8) The same as Catch (I).

(9) The same as Las, q. v.

.',10) Tb latch on, to put water on the mash when
the first wort has run off.

LATCH-DRAWER. See Draiclatch.

LATCH-PAN. The dripping-pan. East. Every
cook in Sulfolk could settle the dispute on a
passage in Mids. Night's Dream, iii. 2. The
Athenian's eyes were Puck's latch-pans.

LATE. (I) The' same as Laite, q. v.

(2) An evil, or injury. l^A.-S.)

He sal whet his tuskes on Parissjates;
Almayn sal be ful ferd for his latea.

Old Propheriei', Oiltort MSS.

(3) Feature; countenance, lo the following
passage, manner, behaviour.

Bot thow in this perelle put of the bettire,
Thow salle be my presonere for alle thy prowde lafft.
Murte itrthute, MS. Lincoln, f. ^f.

LAT

507

LAU

I.ATED. Belated. S/iak.
l-ATELESr. -Most loathlv. (J.-S.
LATERED. Delayed, c'/iaucer.
L.\TESOME. (1) Loathful. It also means,
tiresome, tedious, tl'arw.

But to here of CristU passioun,
To many a nan it is ful laytsom.

MS. AslimrJc 60, f. ,i.
lie es swyft to ppekeon hys manere.
And tarsome and slawL- for to here ;
lie prayses awlde men and tialdes itiaim wyse.

Hampote, MS. Botces, p. 35.
(2) Late J backward. Plimipton Corr. p. 21.

Lateward. Cotgrave in t. Discourtois.
L.\TH. (1) An annual court held at Dvmchurcti,
CO. Kent. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.

(2) Moveth ; bent down.

(3) To place, or set down. Line.

L.4THE. (1) A great part or division of a
county, containing three or more hundreds.
See Lambarde's Perambulation, ed. 1596, p.
567 ; Harrison, p. 153.

(2) A barn. North. An old word. It occurs in
Plumpton Correspondence, p. 257.

(3) Hateful ; injured .^ Also, injury, harm.

Sone the erie wexe wralhe.
And sware many grete athe
He solde his message be lathe.

MS. LincuLn .K.i. 17. f. 131.

(4) Ease ; rest. North.

(5) To ask ; to invite. Chesh.

(6) A thistle, or weed of any kind. Somerset.
L.'VTHER. (1) Rather. Xle'st.

(2> Part of a mill. Var. dial.

(3) A ladder. See Palsurave, verb. f. 300;
Corner's Old Ballads, pp"! 33, 105.

LATHING. An invitation. Kennett says " the
use of this word is most proper to Stafford-
shire." It occurs, however, in Watson. Grose,
and Palmer, and is still in use.

LATHV. (1) Strong. Herrf.

(2) Thin ; slender, like a lath. Var. dial.

LATLMER. An interpreter. {A.-N.) " Lyare
wes mi latymer," Wright's Lyric Poetry, p. 49.
It is spelt latyneres in'MaundevUe, p. 58, which
is the more correct form, Latin having been
formerly applied to language in general.

LATING. The same as iaCAe (1).

LAT1T.\T. A noise ; a scolding. West.

L.\TT.\GE. An impediment, generally applied
to a defect in speech. West.

LiVTTEN. Plate-tin. Palmer says the word is
very common in this sense in Devon, and it is
also found in the North country glossaries.
Shakespeare is said to have given his godson,
a child of Ben Jonson, a dozen latten spoons,
and told the parent he should translate them.
The pun is not uncommon iu writers of
Shakespeare's time, but the old word latten,
or latoun, was not plate-tin, and the prorin-
cialism now in use must not mislead us, as it
has Brockett, to attribute the same meaning
to the archaism. It was a kind of mixed
metal, very much resembling brass in its na-
ture and colour. Various articles were made
of it, as a cross, Chaucer, Cant. T. 701 : a

basin, Piers Ploughman, p.462, &c. Accord-
ing to Mr. Hunter, the old brasses in cliurclu^s
are for the most part of latten.
LATTER. To run about idly. North. Also

the same as Lafter, q. v.
LATTER-END. The seat of honour. South.
LATTER.MATH. See Aftermath. " Lateward
hay, latermath," Holiyband's Dictionaric,
1593. Still in use.
LATTICE. (1) Plate-tin. Comir.
(2) An ale-house. Many inns formerly had tliis
sign, and the ancient ale-house was generally
distinguished by a lattice, not by a glass win-
dow, the latter substance being, as Gifi'ord
supposes, too fragile for the nature of tlie
customers. See Ben Jonson, i. 96.
LATTING. Late ; backward. West.
LAU. (1) Low. (2) A low or flame. (A.-S.^
LAUCHAIDS. Terraces, natural or artificial,

on the sides of hills. JDecon.
LAUDATION. Praise. {Lat.) It occurs in

Hawkins' Engl. Dram. i. 22.
LAUDE. Praise. Chaucer.
L.iUDES. The service of matins.
LALGH. To laugh the other side of one's

mouth, i. e. to cry. Var. dial.
LAUGH-AND-LAY-DOWN. A juvenile game
at cards, in which the winner, who holds a
certain combination of cards, lays them down
upon the table, and laughs at his good suc-
cess, or, at least, is supposed to do so. Old
writers generally call it laugh and lie doim,
as Florio. p. 74. Sometimes the double en.
tendre is not of the most dehcate description.
At laugh and lie dou-Tie if they piay.
What asse against the sport can bray ?

Lilly's Mother Bombie, ed. 1632, sig. Dd. ii.
LAUGHE. Taken ; captured.

Loides of Lorayne and Lumbardye Ixithene
LauiThe was and lede in with oure lele knyghttez.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. H5.
LAUGHT. (I) A loft. Devon.

(2) Took ; caught ; received.

The paiem fel ded to grounde.
His soule taught belle houQde.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 236.
Boldely hysswyide he lawghte.
To the gyaunt soche a strok he raghte.

MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 89.

(3) The same as Laughe, q. v.

And ther was Lewlyne laughte, and Lewlyns brothire.
With lordez of Lel)e, and lede to theire strenghez.

Mnrte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 72.

LAUK. (1) To weed. Var. dial.

(2) To strike ; to beat. North.

(3) A common exclamation of surprise.
LAUM. To swoon. Somerset.
LAUNCE. The sand-eel. West.
LAUNCELEY. The herb ribwort. (A.-N.)
LAUNCEYNGE. Throwing lances. Weier.
L.\UNCH. (1) To cry out ; to groan. Wore.

(2) To launch leeks is to plant them like celery
in trenches. West.

(3) A trap used for taking eels, &c.
LALNCHE. To skip. Forhy has it, "to take

long strides." It occurs in Sevyn Sages, 1 904
meaning, to throw or place.

LAV

508

LAW

Who lukes to the leftesyde, whenne his horse launches.

With the lyghte of the Sonne men myghteseehis lyvere,

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, (. 80.

LAUNDE. A plain place in a wood ; an un-

ploughed plain ; a park ; a lawn. " Saltus, a

lawnd," Norainale MS.

Now is Gij to a taunde y-go,
Wher the dragoun duelled tho.

Gy 0/ Warwike, p. 262.
For to hunt at the hartes in thas hye taundes
In Glamorgane with glee, thare gladchipe was evere.
Mvi-tejrthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 53.

LAUNDER. (1) Any kind of gntter or channel

for convejing water. Var. dial.
(2) A washer. Also, to wash. " Buandicre,
launderer." Hollyband's Dictionarie, 1593.
Laundring gold, washing it.
LAUNDRE. A laundress. Palsgrave.
LAUP. To leap. Yorksh.
LAUREAT. Crowned with laurel. {Lat.) The
laureatship at our universities was a degree in
grammar, including poetry and rhetoric, so
called because the person who graduated was
presented with a wTeath of laurel.
LAUREOLE. Spurge-laurel. {A.-X.)
LAURER. A laurel. Chaucer.
LAUS. Loose. (A.-S.)
LAUTER. The laurel. {A.-N.)

That worthy was thelauter to have
Of poetrie, and the palme toatteyne.

Lyttgate, MS. .^ahmole 30, f. 48.
LAU3T. Caught ; received. {A.-S.)
Thenne was Marie Joseph bitaujt,
Aridhehir in spousaiie^K^f.

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trm. Cantab, f . 6?.

LAVALTOE. Same as Lavolla, q. v.
For lo I the liveless Jacks lavaltoci take
At that sweet musick which themselves do make.

Brome's Songs, ed. 16(»!, p. 133.

LAVANDRE. A laundress. "A tretise for

laeandrex," Rehq. Antiq. i. 26.
LAVANT. Aland-spring. SoKf/i.
LAVAS. Lavish. Romeus and Juliet, p. 20.
LAVAST. Uninclosed stubble. Kent.
LAVE. (I) The rest ; the remainder. Norllt.

(2) To lade or draw water. Chaucer. Also, to
])our, as in Perceval, 2250 ; to wash. Piers
Ploughman, p. 273.

(3) To gutter, as a candle. JVills.
(-1) To hang, or flap down. Hall.
LAVE-EARED. Long, or flap-eared. See

Topsell's Beasts, p. 366 ; Hawkins, iii. 357 ;

Lavehigged, Northumb. HoUoway has lap-
eared in use in Sussex and Hants.
LAVEER. To work a ship against the mnd.

.\n old sea term.
L.^VELL. The flap that covers the top of the

windpipe. Still used in Devon.
L.WENDER. To lay in lavender, to pawn.

This is a very common phrase in old plays.

" To lay to pawne, as we say to lay in lavan-

der," Florio, p. 27.
LAVENDREY. Washing. {A.-N.)
LAVER. (1) The remainder. North.
(2) A cistern, trough, or conduit, to wash in.

" Laver to washe at, lavoyr," Palsgrave. Also,

a basin. See Florio, p. 89 ; Cotgravn, in v.

Esgmere ; Leg. Cathol. p. 154 ; Rehq. Antiq.

i. 7; Davies' Ancient Rites, 1672, p. 130.

And fulleglad, certys, thou schalt bee,

Yf that y wylle sufFur the

To holde me a lavour and bason to my honde.

MS. Cantab. Ff. li. 38, f. 144.

(3) A dish composed of a kind of sea-weed well
washed and boiled. It is also called laver-
bread, Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.

(4) Laver lip, a hanging lip.
LAVERD. Lord. {A.-S.)

That tay after thaym ne went
To du thayr laverd comanilement.

Cuu of Waruick. Middlehill .»S.

LAVEROCK. The lark. North. See Wright's
Lyric Poetry, pp. 26, 40 ; Reliq. Antiq. i. 86 ;
W^right's Purgatory, p. 55 ; laverkes, Beves of
Hamtoun, p. 138,

Sche made many a wondir soune,
Sumtyme liche unto the cok,
Sumtyme unto the laverok,

Oouier, MS. Soc. .^ntiq. 134, f. 152.
Tyrlery lorpyn, the tnverocke songe.

So meryly pypes the sparow ;
The cow brake lose, the rope ran home,
Syr, God gyve yow good morow.

Bliss's Bibl. Miscell. p. 54.
LAVISH. Rank, as grass, &c. West.
LA-VOLTA. A kind of very active bouncing
waltz, formerly much in fashion. The man
turned the woman round several times, and
then assisted her in making a high spring.
Leave protestations now, and let us hie
To tread lavolla, that is women's walk.

Soliman and Perseda, p. 214.

LAVY. Lavish ; Ubcral. North.

LAW. (1) To give a hare good law, i. e. a good
start before the hounds. It is in very fre-
quent use by boys at play.

(2) A hill, or eminence. North.

(3) Custom ; manner. See Ellis, ii. 335.

(4) Low. North.

He wist not that hym was gode.
But then he putte doune his hode
On knees he fel downe Itiwr.

MS. Cantab. Ff . v. 48, f. 55.
LAW AND. Bowing ; humbhng.

Andy lawand thameselfe to the sacramentes of

haly kyrke, thof it be swa that thay hafe bene cum-

byrde in syne and with syne alle thaire lyfe tyme.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- 229.

LA WE. (1) To laugh. Nominale MS.

(2) Rough ; violent ; brutal. West.

LA WED. Ignorant. See Laird.

LAWES. The same as Kairns, q. v.

LAWESTE. The lowest. North.

Lenges all at laysere, and lokes one the wallys
Whare they ware lawcste the ledes to assaille.

Moric Arthure, MS. Line In, t. 79.

LAWFUL-CASE. An interj. of surprize.

LAWGHE. Low. Hampole.

LAWING. (1) Going to law. Line.

(2) Lawing of dogs, i. e. cutting out the balls,

or three claws of the fore-feet.
LAWLESS-MAN. An outlaw. {A.-S.)
LAWN. The same as Launde, q. v.
LAWNDER. The sliding iron in the fore-part

of a plough. / 'ar. dial.

LAY

509

LEA

LAWNGELLE. A blauket. Prompt. Pan.

LAWNSETYS. Small javelins. {J.-X.)
And alio lawnsetya wore leyde ou ht-y,
For to schete bothe ferre an ney.

Arrhmotosia, xxi. 52.

LAWRENCE. An imaginary saint or fairy who

presides over idleness. Var. dial.
LAWRIEX. A kind of oil, formerly used to

anoint the ears of deaf people.
LAWSON-EVE. Low Sunday Eve. Hampson,

Med. Kalend. ii. 236.
LAW5E. To laugh. {A.-S.)

I pray yow alle and warne betyme

That je me calle Joly Robyne,

And je shalle taw^ your fille.

US. Cantab. Ft. V. 48, f. 52.

These lawmen for joye thei ben in lende,

These othere wepen in wo withouten ende.

Cursor Stimtli, MS. CoU. Trin. Cantab. S. 141
LAX. (1) A part. Somer.set.
(2) Salmon. Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 15L
L.\XATIF. A purging medicine. (4.-N.)
LAY. (1) A poor rate. Line.

(2) Law ; religious faith. {.4.-S.)

(3) Summer pasturage for cattle. North.

(4) To deliver a woman. Var. dial.

(5) A very large pond. Norf.

(6) To intend ; to lay a plan ; to provide ; to
study ; to contrive. East.

(7) To lay an edged tool, to re-steel its edge.
Var. dial.

(8) Belonged. Chron. Vilodun. p. 110.

(9) A wager. See Othello, ii. 3.

(10) Unlearned. Jonson.

(11) To lay iu wait. It occurs in Shakespeare.

(12) Butter-milk. Dekker's Belmau, 1616.

(13) Lay of wind, i. e. a calm.

(14) To strike ; to beat. Somerset.

(15) Any grass land; a bank. IVest.

(16) A low or flame of fire. North. See Kennett,
MS. Lansd. 1033.

(17) To lay in one's dish, or one's light, to
object to a person, to make an accusation
against him. To lay on load, to strike vio-
lently and repeatedly. To lay down, to sow-
ploughed land with grass. To lay in steep, to
soak. To lay on, to fatten ; to beat. To lay
the table, to prepare the table for dinner. To
lay to one's hand, to help. To lay an ear, to
hsten. To lay away, to put out of the way, to
lay aside ; to break up school. To lay by, to
cease. To lay out a corpse, to prepare it pro-
perly for a coffin.

When tablys were tayd and clothes sprad.
The scheperde into the halle was lad.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 54.
LAY-B.\ND. A small roller. ]Vest. It is ex-
plained a towel in one MS. glossarv.
LAYDLANDS. Untilled lands. Blount. "Lay
lande, terre nouvellement, labouree," Pals-
grave. See Sir Cauhne, 107.
LAYEN. A stratum, or layer. South.
LAYER. (1) .\ field of clover or grass ; young

white thorn ; quick. East.
(2) A slice of meat. Var. dial.
(.3) The ordiu-e of cows. North.

(4) Land ; earth.

Laughte hyni upe fulle lovelyly with lordlit-he

knyghttez.
And ledde hyme to the lai/ere thare the kyng lyggcs,
Morte .trthure, MS. Lincutn, f. 77.
LAY'ERLY. Idle ; rascally. North.
LAY'ER-OVER. A whip ; a term for any in-
strument of chastisement. East.
LAYERS. The pieces or wood cut and laid in

a hedge in spalshing it. IVest.
LAYERY'. Earthly.

For it es heghe, and alle that it duellis in it lyftes
abowne tayery lustes, and vile covaytes.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 196.

LAY'-FEE. The laity. Henry VIII. uses the

term in several of his letters.
L.\Y"SERLY'. Leisurely. Laysyr occurs in

Wright's Seven Sages, p. 43.
LAY'-STALL. A dunghill. It is spelt /ay-s/oiir

in More's MS. additions to Ray.
LAY'TE. Lightning. {.i.-S.)

And that ys not full moche wonder.
For that day Cometh layte and thonder.

MS. Cantab. Ff. U. 38,f. 43.
LAYTH. Lav ; faith. Hardvng, f. 88.
LAYTHE. Loathsome ; bad.' {J.-S.)
3yf thou herdyst a fali thyng or layth.
That were spoke a5ens the fey th.

MS. Hart. 1701, f. 4.

LAYTHELY, Loathly. Laytheste, most loathly.

" Lucyfere, lathetheste in lielle," Syr Gawayne,

p. 99. Compare Audelay's Poems, p. 32.

The editor of Syr Gawayne prints layeth este.

We hafe no laysere now these lordys toseke.

For jone laytheiy ladde me lamede so sore.

Morte .4rthure, MS. Lincoln, I. 98.
Thase licherouse lurdanes laytheste in lede.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- 232.

LAYVERE. The rest of a spear.

The schafte was strong over alle.
And a welle shaped corynalle,
And wasgyrde into the layvere,
That he myght not fie ferre nor nere.

MS. Cantab. Ff. li. M, f. 24".
LAZAR. A leper. (J.-N.)
LAZAROUS-CLAPPER. A door-knocker. This

singular phrase occurs in Hollyband, 1593.
LAZE. To be lazy. East. " To laze it when
he hath most need to looke about him,"
Cotgrave, in v. Endormir.
LAZY". Bad ; wicked. North. Lazy -weight,

a scant, or deficient weight.
L.\3- To laugh. See .Vudelay, p. 49.
\ scheperde abides me in halle;
Off hym shalle we f'15 alle.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ». 48, f. 52.

LE. Lie; falsehood. (.•/.-&)

The kyng that had grete plenty
Off mete and drinke, withoutene le.
Long he may dyge and wrote.
Or he have hys fyll of the rote.

MS.AshmoleSl, XV. Cent.

LEA. (1) A scythe. Yorksh.

(2) The seventh part of a hank or skein of
worsted. North.

(3) Meadow ; pasture ; grass land.
LE-ACH. Hard work, or fatigue. North.
LEACH. (1) A lake, or large pool. Lane.

LEA

510

LEA

(2) A common way. Devon. Leach-road, a
road used for funerals.

(3) The leather thong fastened to the jesses of
the hawk, by which she is held firmly on the
fist. Gent. Rec. ii. 62.

(4) A kind of jelly, made of cream, isinglass,
sugar, and almonds, &c. Holme.

LE.\CHMAN. A surgeon. See Nares.

LEACH-TROUGHS. At the salt works in
Staffordshire, they take the corned salt from
the rest of the brine with a loot or lute, and
put it into barrows, the which being set in the
teach-troughs,xhe salt drains itself dry, which
draining they call leach-brine, and preserve it
to be boiled again as the best and strongest
brine. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.

LE.\D. (1) To cart corn. Var. dial. Also, to
carry trusses on horseback. " Cartyne, or
lede wythe a carte," Pr. Parv.

(2) A vat for dying, &c. North. .\ kitchen
copper is sometimes so called.

(3) To cover a building with lead.

(4) To chance, or happen. Devon.
LE.iDDEN. A noise, or din. North.
LEAD-EATER. Indian rubber. Yorksh.
LEADER. (1) A tendon.

(2) .\ branch of a vein of ore in a mine. North.
LEAD-NAILS. Nails used by plumbers in

covering the roof of a house with lead.
LEADS. Battlements, far. dial.
LE.\D-WALLIXG. " The brine of twenty-four

hours boyling for one house," .More's MS.

additions to Ray, Mus. Brit.
LEjVF. (1) Fat round the kidneys of a pig. Var.

dial. Also, the kidney itself.
(2) To turn over a new leaf, i. e. to change one's

conduct. " To advise the kyng to turne the

lefe and to take a better lesson," Hall, 1548.
LEAGUER. A camp. See the Autobiography

of Joseph Lister, ed. Wright, p. 25.
LEAK. (1) A gutter. Durham.

(2) Mingere. Kennett's MS. Glossary. Also,
tap a barrel of beer, &c.

LEAM. (1) To teach. North.
(2 A collar for hounds ; a leash.
LE.\M-HOUND. A kind of hound mentioned

in Topsell's Foure-Footed Beasts, 1G07, p. 39,

the same as Lyam, q. v.
LE.W. The same as Laine, q. v. " It is not

for to leane," Chester Plays, i. 69.
LEAN-BONES. " A dry, a'greedie and hungry

fellow, a leane bones," Florio, p. 85. Old

writers have the phrase, as lean as a rake.
LEANING-STONES. Stone seats, such as are

sometimes seen in ancient bay windows.
LEAN-TO. A penthouse. East.
LEAP. (1) Half a bushel. Sussex.
(2^ A weel to catch fish. Lane. " M"eele or

ieape," Palsgrave's Acolastus, 1540.

(3) Futuo. The Citye Match, 1639, p. 13.

M) To leap over the hatch, i. e. to run away.

LEAP-CANDLE. An Oxfordshire game men-
tioned by Aubrey. Young girls set a candle
in the middle of the room, and " draw up
their coats in the form of breeches," then

dance over the candle backwards and forwards,

sajing these verses —

The tailor of Bicester he has but one eye.

He can not cut a pair of green gallicaskins if he were
to try.

The game is, I believe, obsolete, but the verses

are still favourites in the nursery.
LEAPERS. Grey peas. West.
LEAPERY. Leprosy. Ryder, 1640.
LE.rP-FROG. A boys' game, in which they

jump over one another's backs successively.
LE.\PING. The operation of lowering ' tall

hedges for the deer to leap over.
LEAPING-BLOCK. A horse-block. Ghuc.

Also called a leaping-stock,
LEAPINGS. Leaps. Florio, p. 97.
LEAPING-THE-WELL. Going through a deep

and noisome pool on Alnwick Moor, called

the Freemen's Well, a sine qua non to the

freedom of the borough; a curious custom,

well described bv Brockett.
LEAR. (1) To learn. North.

(2) Hollow ; empty. The tear ribs, the hollow
under the ribs. Var, dial.

(3) Pasture for sheep. Chesh. Stubble-\and is
generallv called leers.

LEARN. 'To teach. I'ar. dial. " Scole to
lerne chyldre in, escole," Palsgrave.

LEARNING. Correction; thscipline.

LE.\R-QUILLS. Very small qiulls, such as are
used to wind yarn on. Somerset.

LE.VRS. The same as Layers, q. v.

LE.\-SAND. The whetting-stone with which a
scythe is sharpened. North.

LEASE. A pasture. Var. dial. In some places
a common is so called.

Brooke lime (.\nagallis Aquatica) Slc. the bankes
enamel'd with it in the Uase, cowslip {.\rthritica)
and primroses (Primula Veris) not inferior to Prim-
rose Hills. Au'ireij's Wilts, Rtujal Sr>c. MS. p. 1 IS.

LEASES. Corbel stones. Glouc.
LE.\SH. A thong or string by which a dog is
led. Hence a pack of hounds was formerly
called a leash.

Lo ! wher my grayhundes breke ther leesshe.

My raches breke their coupuls in thre;
Lo ! qwer the dere goos be too and too,
And holdis over jonde mo^mtene hye.

MS. Cmitah. Ff. v. 48, f. 131.

LEASING. An armful of hay, or corn, such as

is leased or gleaned. North.
LEASOW. A pasture-ground. West.
LEASTEST. Smallest. J'ar. dial.
LEASTWAYS. At least. East. "At the

leastnise," Harrison's Britaine, p. 6.
LEASTY. Dull ; wet ; dirty. East.
LEAT. (1) To leak ; to pour. Dorset.
(2) An artificial brook. Devon. Properly one

to convev water to or from a mill.
LE.\TH. (i) Ease or rest. North.

(2) Cessation ; intermission. North.

(3) Soft ; supple ; limber; pliant. Derb.

(4) Loath ; unwilling. Yorksh.
LEATHER. (1) To^beat. far. dial.

(2) Skin, not tanned. North. To lose leather,
to rub the skin off by riding. In hunting.

LEC

511

LEE

only to certain integuments. See Hunting,
art. 5, and the Gent. Ree.
(3) Rather. Yorixh. (Kennett MS.)
LE.\THER-CO.\T. The golden russeting. It

is mentioned bv Shakespeare.
LE.\THERHEAD. A blockhead. Xor/h.
LE.iTHER-HUNGRY. An inferior sort of
cheese made of skimmed mill.-. Xorlh.
ATHERIXG. Huge; large. Uanv.
ATHERX-BIRD. A bat. Somerset. Also
called leathern-mouse, leathern-wings.
ATHER-TE-PATCH. A particular kind of
step in a dance. Cumb.
ATHE-WAKE. Ximber; flexible; pUable.
Yorksh. " Safe, uncorrupte 1, fleiible, and
leathwake," Davies' Ancient Rites, ed. 1672,
p. 103. It is given in MS. Lansd. 1033.
LEAUTE. Loyalty. {A.-X.)
LE.A.VAN'CE. The barm and meal laid toge-
ther for fermentation ; " to lay the learance,"
to put them together for that purpose.
Glmic. Dean Mines' .MS.
LEAVE. (1) To change uje's residence ; to give
leave, or permit ; to pass over for others.
Leave hold, let me go ! Leave tail, a great
demand for annhing.
(2) The first offer. AorM.
LEA^^i!^'-KIT. A vessel for preparing the bat-
ter for oat-cakes in. Yorksh,
LE.WENOR. A luncheon. Kent.
LE.WES. Folding-doors, anything shutting or

folding up, as the leaves of a taljle. North.
LEAZE. To clean wool. TJ'est.
LEB.iRD. A leopard. " Lebarde, a beest,
fe<//;ar^," Palsgrave. " Leojmrdus, aleberde,"
Nominale MS.
LECH. Liege. Sir Cleges, 409.
LECHE. (1) A physician. Lechecraf.', the art
of healing. {.-I.'.S.)

So longe at teche'Crafte can hedwelle.

3I.S. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 68.

(2) To heal. It occurs in Chaucer.

And openly bigan to preche.
And alle that seke were to tache,

Curfjr Mundi, MS. Coll. Trtn. Cantab, f. 2.

(3) A deep rut. Yorksh.

(4) To stick, to adhere. Line.

(5) Leche-lardys, a dish in anci ;nt cookery, Ord.
and Reg. p. 439. Leche-fryes, ibid. p. 449.
Leehe-Lumbarde, ibid. p. 472. Leches are
sometimes cakes or pieces. The term is of
constant use in old cookery, meaning gene-
rally those dishes which were served up in
slices.

LECHOUR. A leacher. (^..,V.) It was also
applied to a parasite and blockhead.

LECHVDE. Cut into slices.

Seyne bowes of wylde bores, with the braune lechyde.

Morte .-irthure. MS. Linroln, f. 55.

LECK. To leak. To leek on, to poiu- on. To

leek off, to drain off. North.
LECKER-COST. Good cheer.

They lyv'd at ease in vileexcesse,
They sought for Igcker.cost.

Riche's Altarme to England, 1578.
LECKS. Droppings. Yorksh.

LECTER. A reader. (Lat.)
LECTORNE. A reading-desk. (Lat.)
Lectornes he saw befor hem stande
Of gold and bokys on hem lyggande.

I'h'ion.^ o/Tunda!e, p. (io
LECTUARY. An electuary. Skelton.
LEDDE. Completely prostrated. (.V.-5.)
Pers fyl yn a gre'e syknes.
And as he l.iy ynhys bedde,
Hym thoghte wey[ that he was ledde.

Its. Had. 1701, f. 38.
LEDDER. A ladder. ZeA/«--.5/(7^s, the trans-
verse bars or rounds of a ladder.
LEDDY. A lady. North.
LEDUYRE. Leather; skin. R. de Brunne.
LEDE. (1) People. (2) Land. It sometimes
signifies a man, Towneley Myst. p. 21.
That same hoppyng that they fyrst :ede.
That daunce 3ede they thorghe land and lede.

MS. Harl.l/Ol, f. 61.
In him was al his trust at nede.
And gave him bothe londe and lede.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 4.
Herde ever eni of yow telle.
In eni lede Qi eni spelle.
Or in feld, other in toun.
Of a knight Beves of Hamtoun ?

Bevea (/ Hamtoun, p. 83.
Thys tydynges had bothe grete and smalle.

For fayrer fruyt was nevyr in lede,
Thorow hysmy;t that boght us alle.
Very God in forme of brede.

MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 4t;.
LEDENE. Speech ; language. (A.-S.)
LEDER. Lither; bad.

Of my kyogHome me grevyth no;t,
Hyt ys for my gylt and leder thoghte.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 24^

LEDGE. (1) To lay hands on; to beat; to laj
eggs. Somerset.

(2) To allege. Chaucer.

Othar dysagrementts thou shalte not read ne se,
Amonge the ancyaunt writers, than ys ledged to the.
MS. Latifdi'Tcne 2ti8, f. 2.

LEDGER. A horizontal slab of stone, a hori-
zontal bar of a scaffold, &c. A door made of
three or four upright boards, fastened by cross-
pieces, is called a ledger-door. The bar of a
gate, stile, &c. is termed the ledge.

LEDGIXG. Positive. Leic.

LEDRON. A leper ; a mean person. {A.-N."^
See Kyng Alisaunder, 3210.

LED-WILL. A strange phrase, applied to one^
led away by following false lights, Wills o' the
Wisp, &c. East.

LEE. (1) Jov ; pleasure; delight.

(2) A lie. Still in use.

(3) Shelter. See Leiv and Loo.

(4) Urine. Cotgrave. in v. Escloy.

(5) Lye of ashes. See Rehq. Antiq. i. 53.

(6) l.ee-lang, hve-long. Northuutb.
LEECH. A vessel bored with holes at the hot.

torn for making Ive. East,
LEED-BOWLS. Milk leads. Yorksh.
LEEF. Willingly; equally. Var. dial.
LEEFEKY'N. A term of endearment, occurring

in Palsgrave's .Acolastus, 1540.
LEEFEST. Dearest. {A.-S.)

LEF

512

LEI

Go, soule, and flye unto my Uefist love,
A fayrer subject then Elysium.

The »oman in the Moone^ 1597,
LEEFTAIL. Quick sale. Cunib.
l.E-EGGIXG. Waddling. Somerset.
LEEMER. .\nxious ; miseily ; keen after money

or p.'un, and not yery scrupulous. North.
LEEMERS. Ripe nut's. To leem, to shell or

drop out of the husk. Far. dial.
LEENER. One who lends. (.i.-S.)
LEE NY. Alert ; active. Grose.
LEER. (1) Leather. Xorth.
(2) The same as Lear, q. v. Empty. Hence,

perhaps, leer horse, a horse without a rider.

Leer is an adjective, meaning uncontrolled.

Hence the leer drunkards mentioned by Ben

Jonson.
(3~ To go or sneak away. North.
(4) The flank or loin. Somerset.
LEERE. Tape. Kent. See Nares,p. 281, who

was unacquainted with the term.
LEERSPOOLE. A cane or reed.
LEES. A leash for dogs. (A.-\.) "Thefor-

said leese," Arch. xxix. 336, i. e. a pack ?

See Leash. " A brace or leese of bncks,"

Gent. Rec. ii. 75.
LEESE. The same as Lese, q. v.
LEESH. Active. Xorthumb.
LEET. (1) A manor court.

(2) Little. Leet rather, a little while ago. Leet
u'indle, a small redwing. I'ar. dial.

(3) To pretend ; to feign. Yorksh.

(4 ) To happen ; to fall out. North.
(b) A meeting of cross-roads. South.

(6) To alight. " Leet. sir, Ught off your horse,"

Kennett,MS. Lansd. 1033.
LEETEN. To pretend. See Leet (3).
LEETLY. Lightly ; little. Yorkslt.
LEETS. M'indow's; lights. North.
LEEVEN. Beheve, pi. Mauudevile, p. 108.
LEF. (1) A leaf. W. Mapes, p. 342.

(2) Love ; one who is loved.

And seyde how that a-bedde alle warme
Hire lef lay nakid in hire arme.

Gotcet-, MS. Soc. .4ntiq. 134, f. 77

LEFE. (1) To believe. (.^.-.S.)
(2 ) Pleasing ; dear ; agreeable. It sometimes
signifies pleased. {.4.-S.)

Be he never so strong a thef,^,
Jyf he may jy ve he khal be lefe.

MS. Hart, 1701, f. 9.
The soule of this synfulle wy5t
Is wonnen into heven bright,
To Jhesu lefe and dere.

MS. Canlah. Ff. v. 48, f. 47.

(3) To leave.

Bot if thou come for to feght with us, feghte
one, for 1 late the wele witt that oure sympienes
wille we on ua wyse lefe.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 30.
LEFE-LONG. Long; tedious.

She seid, Thomas, thou likes thi play,

What byrdeiti boure may dwel with the?
Thou marris me here this tefe-long day,
i pray the, Thomas, let me be !

True Thonuis, MS. Catitab.

LEFMON. Lemman ; lover. " Bicom liis lef-
mon," Wright's Anec. Lit. p. 11.

LEF SILVER. A composition paid in money
by the tenants in the wealds of Kent to their
lord for leave to plough and sow in time of
pannage. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.

LEFSOME. Lovelv. Sitson.

LEFT. (1) BeUeved.' (2) Remained.

(3) Left over, left off. Over the left shoulder,
entirely wTong. I believe you over the left,
i. e. not at all.

LEFTN'ESS. The state of being left-handed.
Wetaphoricallv. wrong, batL

LEFULL. Lawful. Chaucer.

LEG. (1) A bow. It is very often, if not gene-
rally, used in a jocular manner. " Make a
curtesie instead of a legge," Lilly, ed. 1632,
sig. P. xi. Still in use in Craven.

(2) To walk nimbly. I'ar. diil.

(3) To put the best leg foremost, to act ener-
getically. He has broken his leg, he has had
a child sworn to him. Black leg, a great rascal.
To give leg bail, to fly from justice. Leg-
banded, said of cattle when the head and Ic.;
are joined by a band or cord to prevent their
straying.

(4) At marbles, the boy who commences the
game last is called a leg.

LEGEANS. Leave ; license. (A.-N.)
He bethoujt hym and undutstode
In how synfulle life he jede.

His Wynnes he wolde forsake ;
And if he my;t have/e^ea»*
For his synnes to do penans,
Schrifte he thou5te to take.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f.44.
LEGEM-PONE. A curious old proverbial or
cant term for ready money.
There are so mania Danaes now a dayes.

That love for lucre, paine for gaine is sold;
No true affection can their fancie please.
Except it be a Jove, to r.-ine downe gold
Into their laps, which they wyde open hold :
\i legem pane comei, he is receav'd.
When Vtxhaud habe,> is of hope bereav'd.

Tbe affectionate Shej'fienrd, 1594.

LEGER-BOOK. A monastic carttdary.
LEGESTER. A lawyer. R. de Brunne.
LEGGE. (1) To lay ; to lay down ; to lay, or bet

a wager. (.V.-5.)
(2) To ease. Chaucer.
LEGGEREN. A layer. North.
LEGGET. A kind of tool used by reed-

thatchers. Norfolk.
LEGGINGS. Gaiters. Var. dial.
LEGHE. To lie; to speak false. It occurs in

MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii.
LEG-RINGS. Fetters. Marston.
LEG-TRAPES. A sloven. Somerset.
LEIE. To lay. {A.-S.)
LEIFER. Rather. North. See Topsell's Foure-

Footed Beasts, 1607, p. 25.
LEIGER. A resident ambassador at a foreign

court. See .Arch, xxviii. 121
LEIGHER. A liar. {.4.-.S.)

The messanger was foule y-schent.
And oft y-cleped foule /ei^/ier.

Arthuurand Merlin, p. i.'5

LEIK. Body. Havelok, 2793.

LEM

r.i3

LEN

LEIKIN. A sweetheart. Xorth. From like.
LEIL. Faithful ; honest. Korth.
LEISER. Leisure ; opportunity. {A.-N.)
LEISH. Stout ; active ; alert. North.
LEISTER. A kind of trident used in the North

of England for striking fish.
LEITE. Li?ht; lightning. {A.-S.)
LEITHS. Joints in coal. Staff.
LEITS. (1) Meetings appointed for the nomina-

tion or election of officers. North.
(2) Tracks ; footsteps. North.
LEKE. (1) Caught ; taken. {.4.-S.)
Then harde he noyse grete
In a va]ey, and dyntys leke.

MS. Canlfib. Ff. ii. 38, f. 2-16.

(2) A leek. (A.-S.) Not worth a leke, a com-
mon expression in early poetry.

(3) To lock; to shut. Weber.' Also the part,
past, fastened.

(4) To grin frightfully. Line.
LELAND. A cow pasture. West.
LELE. Loyal ; faithful ; true.

Hir love is ever trewe and /e/e,
Ful swete hit is to monnes hele.
Cursor ilundi, MS. Ct,ll. Triit. Cantab, f. 1.
Bot a clene virgyne that es lete
■^as jit more that has the angele.

MS. Harl.SmK f. 120.
The loved Jordains and sir Bretel
Sir Arthur with hert lei.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 113.

LELELY. Truly ; faithfully. The copy in the
Cambridge MS. reads leliche.
My lufe es Ulely lyghte

On a lady wyghte. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 1.12.
LELE\. To sanction, or authorise. {A.-N.)
LELLY. Same as Lelely, q. v.

To jelde hyra his lufe hafe I na myghte,
Bot lufehym/e^ 1 sulde tharefore.

MS. Unmln A. i. 17, f. 219.
They sal thorue holy kyrke rede
Mynystre lely the godes of the dede.

MS. Hart. 22nO, f. .'iO.
That for I trewly many a day
Have lovid leli/est id lond,
Dethe bathe me fette of this world away.

MS. Harl. 2252, f. 101.
LEM.iNDE. Shining ; glittering.

The lawnces with loraynes and lemande scheldes,
Lyghtenande as the levenyng and lemand al over.

Morte ..irthure, M.S. Lincoln, f. 79.

LEME. (1) Brightness; Ught. (A.-S.) In the
North of England, a flame. " The leme of a
fjTe," Prompt. Parv. p. 38.

The lyght of heven in a leme,
Bryjter than is thesone heme,
Upon that hert gane lyght.

MS. Aslimole 6\, f. 1.
The sterres, with her lemyng lenten,
Shul sadly falle doun fro heven.
Curtor Mundi, MS. Call. Trin. Cantab, f. 134.
(2; Limb. Richard Coer de Lion, 3362.
LEMFEG. A doe-fig. Wilts.
LEMING-STAR. A comet. From Leme, q. v.
LE.MMAN. A lover, or gallant ; a mistress.
(A.-S.) See Maundevile's Travels, p. 24 ;
Greene's Works, i. 59; Perceval, 1802. In
very early English, the term is sometimes used
simply for a dear or beloved person.

Toward the court he can goo.
His doujtur lemman met he thoo.
And alle his cumpanye.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, t". .•.!.
He sayse, Lemane, kysse me be-lyve.
Thy lorde me liase the graunte to wyefe.

And Paresche 1 hafe hym hyght;
And I hete the witterly.
The kynges hevede of Fraunce certanely.
To morowe or it be nyghte I

MS. Liticaln A. i. 17, f. 10,7.
It is a proverbe in England that the men of Tivi-
dal, borderers on the English midle maiches, have
likers, lemmons, and lyerbies.

Melhancke's Phitotimus, l.iR.X
LEMON-TREE. The verbena. South.
LEMYERED, Glimmered ; shone. (A.-S.)
LEilYET. Limit.

A breife of the Bounderes, Wayes and Passages of
the Midle Marche, alia loDge the Border of Scotland
begining at Chiveat Hill, being the lemyet of the
Easte Marche, and ending at Kirsop, the Bounder
of the Weste Marche of England.

E^er ton Paper St p. 2/8.

LEN. (1) To lend. StiU in use.

(2) To lean. North.

LENAGE. Lineage ; birth. {J.-N.)

LENARD. The hnnet. Pahyrave. Brockett
has it, spelt le^mert, p. 186.

LENCE. A loan. Dorset.

LENCH. To stoop in walking. Line.

LENXHEON. A kind of shelf in a shaft. A
miner's term.

LENDE. (1) The loin. {J.-S.) It occurs in
MS. Cotton, Vespas. D. rii. Ps. 37. "Gur-
dithe Toure lendys," GestaRom. p. 107.
And a grete gyrdelle of golde, withoute gere more.
He leyde on his lendes with lachettes fulle raonye.
MS. Colt. Calig. A. ii. f. Ut;.

(2) Given. Constit. Freemas. p. 27.

(3) To dwell ; to remain ; to tarry.

The abbot and the convent with good chere
W'orschipeden God al i-feere;
And so do we him that sit above,
That he wolde for that maydenes love
Graunten us hevene withouten eende
With him therin for to I eende :
God graunte us grace that hit so be:
Amen I amen I for charite.

Life of St. Euphfosine, Venton MS.

Thay putt up pavilyons ronde,

And lendid there that nyghte.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 131.

(4) To land ; to arrive. (A.-S.)
LENDY. Limber i phable. Devon.

LENE. To give. Hence our word lend. The
editor of llavolok absurdly prints l^ue.
To hys lorde he can meene.
And preyed hym that he wolde hym U-ene
Wepyn, annowre, and stede.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f.75.

LENGE. To dwell, rest, or remain. {J.-S.)
Hence, perhaps, our lounge.

Lenge at home purcharyte,
Levesoon, y prey the.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. I5U.
I salle at I-ammes^e take leve to lengr at my large
In Lorayne or Lumberdyc, whethire mv levethynkys.
M-irte Arthtfe, MS. Lincoln, f. 5".

LENGER. Longer. C/iaucer,

33

LEP

514

LES

LENGTH. Stature. North. Speaking of can-
non, it means the bar.rel.
I.ENGTHE. To lengthen ; to prolong.

Now have we noon wherwith we may
Lengthe cure lif fro day to day.
Curtor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 34.
LENKETHE. Length. See the Boke of Cur-
tasye, p. 29; Wright's Seven Sages, p. 91.
A feyrer chylde nevyr y sye,
Neyther of lenhyth nor of brede.

MS- Cantab. Ff . ii. 38, f. 98.
LENNOCK. Slender; pUahle. North.
LENT. (1) A loan. Somerset.
(2) Remained ; stopped. {A.-S.) It has also
the meaning oi placed.

A doufe was fro heven sent.
Lijt doun and theronne lent.
Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 6".
On a laund are thay lent

By a forest syd. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 133.
LENT-CROCKING. A custom of boys at
Shrove-tide going round in the evening to
pelt the doors of the inhabitants with pieces
of broken crockery. West.
LENTED. Stopped ; glanced off. Lane.
LENTEN. (1) A hnden tree. (J.-S.)
(2) The fare in Lent was not very substantial
some centiu-ies ago, and accordingly our an-
cestors seemed to have used the adjective
Lenten constantly in a sense of deterioration.
" A Lenten lover, a bashful!, modest, or mai-
denly woer, one thats afraid to touch his rais-
tresse," Cotgrave, in v. Caresme. Lmten-fig,
a dried fig, a raisin. Lenton-stuff, provision
for Lent. A ballad by Elderton under this
title commences as follows : —
Lenton Stuff ys cum to the towne,

The clensynge weeke cums quicklye:
Yow knowe well inowghe yow must kneele downe.

Cum on, take asshes trykly.
That nether are good fleshe nor fyshe.
But dyp with Judas in the dyshe,
And keepe a rowte not worthe a ryshe.

MS. AslimdleM, f. IIJ.
LENT-EVIL. The ague. MS. Med. Rec.
LENT-GRAIN. The spring crops. West.
LENTINER. A hawk taken in Lent.
LENT-ROSE. The daffodil. Deenn. It is

also called the Lent-liti/.
LENTTE. Given. From Lene. (.-I.-S.)
A fulleharde grace was hit lentte
Ershe owt of this worde wentte.

MS. Cantab. Ft. v. 4«. f. 43

L'ENVOY. A kind of postscript, se7it with
poetical compositions by early authors. It
■was sometimes used for a conclusion gene-
rally. Cotgrave defines it, the " conclusion of
a ballet, or sonnet, in a short stanzo by itselfe,
and serving, oftentimes, as a dedication of the
whole."

LENYT. Leaned. Lydgate, MS. Bodl.

LEO. The lion. {A.-S.) " Wildore then the
leo," Reliq. Antiq. i. 125. Leonine, belonging
to a lion.

LEOPART. A leopard. {A.-N.)

LEOS. People. Chaucer.

LEPANDE. Leaping. {A.-S.)

with lufly launcez one lofte they luyschene togedyres
In Lorayne so lordlye on leppande stedes.

Marte Arthtire, MS. Lincoln, f. 68.
LEPE. A large basket, such as is used for car-
rjing seeds, corn, &c. I'ar. dial.

The spensere seide, methoujte I here
A leep, as I was wont do er.
Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab. I. 28.
LEPES. Stories ; lies. Ritson, i. 4.
LEPI. Single. See Anlepi.

Wrothlich he seyd to Gii,
Here is gret scorn sikerly,
When that o Irpi knight
Schal ous do so raichel untight !

Gt/ of Waitvike, p. 78-
Ne mete ete, ne drank drynke,
Ne slepte onely a lepi/ wynke.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 61.

LEPPIS. Jumps ; leaps. (A.-S.)

Here ray trouthe 1 tlieplyghte.
He that leppi^ fulle lyghte
He salle by it, and 1 fyghte.
For alle jour mekille pride.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 133.
LEPROSY. The lues venerea. This is a very

unusual sense of the word. Shak.
LERAND. Learning, part. (A.-S.)

Bot it sal be notefuUe lerand the way til heven.
MS. Coll. Eton. f. 3.
LERARE. A learner ; a teacher. Pr. Pan:
LERCH. To cheat or trick. North.
LERE.(l) To learn; to teach. (^.-5.) Hence.
learning, knowledge, precept.

Then he frayned hym in his ere
If he wolde passilodion lere.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 54.
Bot thai on the erth Cristes wordeshere,
That sal be to tiiaim withouten ende a lere.

MS. Kgerton 927, xv. Cent.

(2) Countenance ; complexion. (A.-S.)
For sorow he leste both strength and might,
The colours rhangid in his lei/re.

MS. Harl. 2252, f. 9.3.

(3) Shame. Nominale MS.
LERENDE. Learnt. ¥iom Lere (1).

So that nother one the see ne on the lande je seke
na helpe, and that je jeme another manere of doc-
tryne thane we hafe terende of oure doctours.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 32.

LERENESS. Emptiness. Batman, 1582,

LEREP. To traU slovenly. South. Also, to
limp or walk lamelv.

LERRICK. To beat; to chastise. Devon.

LERRY'. Learning ; lesson. Middleton.i. 28!.

LES. Lost. Heame.

LESE. (1) To gather; to select. {.4..S.) "To
leyse, to pick the slain and trucks out of
wheat," liallanish. Gl. p. 116. In Devon,
picking stones from the surface of the fields is
called leasing ; and tlirongho\it the Western
counties no other word is used for gleaning
corn. " To lese here in hervest," Piers Plough-
man, p. 121. Lesinye, gleaning, Wright's
Pol. Songs, p. 149- " To lease straw for
thatching, seligere et componere ; to lease
stones, to pick stones in afield," Dean Milles,
MS. Glossary, p. 167.

(2) To lose. Still in use. {A.-S.)

LES

51.0

LET

(3) To deliver ; to release. It occurs in MS.
Cotton. Vespas. D. rii. Ps. 7.

(4) Lie ; falsehood. (./-S.)

At every endeof the deyse
Sate an erle, withowt tese.

SIS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 54.

(5) Leasli; hand. Octovian, 767.

LESER. Releaser ; deliverer. Tliis occurs se-
veral times in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii.
LESESE. To lose. See Hycke-Scoruer,p. 102.

It is perhaps an error of the press.
LESEVE. To pasture, or feed. {.^.■S.) Draj-ton

has lessow in this sense.
LESING. A lie ; a falsehood. (A.-S.) Lesynge
ierare, a liar. See Prompt. Parv. p. 298.
Then sballe I gif the a cote
Withowt any hsytig,

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 48.
Lord, he seyd, thou rychekyng,
3It It wer a foulere thing
To here a lestjng of thy mouthe,
That thou me seyst nowje.
That I Sfhuld have what I wold,
Bot nedys a kyng word mot hold.

MS. Jshmolf 61, XV. Cent.
LESK. The groin or flank. In Lincolnshire
the word is in very common use, and fre-
quently implies also the pudendum, and is
perhaps the only term for that part that could
he used without otFence in the presence of
women.

The laste was a litylle mane that l.iide was benethc.
His tesket layealle leneand latheliche toschewe.

Morte .4rthiire, MS. Lincoln, f. 88.
LESNESSE. Forgiveness; absolution. See

Roh. GIouc. p. 173 ; Reliq. Antiq. i. 42.
LESSE. (1) Lesse than, unless. Mnkethless,
extinguishes. TVeber. Lesse ne mare, i. e.
nothing at all.
(2) To lessen ; to decrease. This occurs in MS.

Cotton. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 11.
LESSES. See Hunting, art. 1.

.\nd jif men spekeand aske hym of the fumes, he
shal clepe fumes of an hert croteynge, of a bukke
and of the roo-bukke, of the wilde boor, and of
btakc beestys, and of wolfes, he shal clepe it It-s'r.^.
MS. Bvil. 546.
LESSEST. Least of all. Var. dial.
LESSIL. A wanton woman. Ciimh.
LESSON. To give lessons, far. dial.
LESSOW. The same as Leseve, q. v.
LEST. (1) Listen. Imperative, sing.
Lent, my sone, and thou schalt here
So as it hath bifalle er this.

Cower, MS. Soi: Antiq. 134, f. 162.
(2) Inclination ; pleasure. {.i.-S.)
LESTAL. (1) Saleable, applied to things of good

and pro])er weight. North.
(2) A mire; a jales. North. Urry's MS.
additions to Ray. Leystals occurs in Ben
Jonson, i. 59.
LESTE. To please. Chaucer.
LESTEN. Lost. (.7.-S.)

of Grece and Troie the stronge stryve,
Therraany a thowsand testen her lyve.

MS. Mhmole 60, xv. Cent.

LESTYGHT. Lasteth. Cov. Myst.

LESUR. A leasow, or pasture. " Ilac pascua

pascufp eat locus herbosits pascendis ammrrli-
hns apt'is, .\nglice a lesur," MS. Bibl. Reg.
12 B. i. f. 13.
LET. (1) Leased off. Line.

(2) To leave ; to omit ; to leave, or permit ; to
cause ; to hiuder. {A.-S.) Let be, leave off.
To lei in, to cheat. To let Jig at any one, to
abuse him severely. To let ilrive, to attack
with violence. To let light, to inform, to
disclose. To let wit. to make known. Let
on, to light upon. Let to gate, went home.

(3) To counterfeit ; to pretend. North.
LETCH. (1) A vessel for making lye. East.

(2) A wet chtch or gutter. North.

(3) .-Vn absurd foppish fancy. Line.

LETE. (1) To think, account, or esteem. {.-J.-S.)

(2) Left. See Kyng Ahsaunder, 5812. Also, to
leave or dismiss any thing.

Vf thou can a stede wclle ryde,
"VVyth me thou schalt helete.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. D2.

(3) To be nearlv starved. Yorksh.

(4) To look ? See GI. to Syr Gawayne.

Childre, he seide, je luste and iete,
I saw chaf on the watir flete.

Curaoy Mnndi, MS. Cnll. Ti in. Cantab, t. M.

LETEWARYE. An electuary. (^.-A'.)
LETGAME. A hinderer of pleasure.
LETII. Soothing ? See Towneley Myst.
Thus sal man inheven ay fyndjoyeand leth.
Above him, withinnehim, aboute and beneth.

MS. Egerlon 92*/.

LETHAL. Deadly. (Lat.) See Fletcher's
Differences. 1623, p. 7. It appears from the
Nat. Hist. Wilts, Royal Soc. MS. p. 165, that
Anbrev considered the bite of newts lethall.

LETHE.' (1) Death. S/iai.

(2) Supple; limber; pliant. Palsgrave.

LETHER. (1) To make a noise, said of horses
travelling with great speed. North.

(2) Vile ; hateful. Letherand, Reliq. Antiq. i.
82 ; letherly, MS. Mnrte Arthure.

Thou grevyst me, I am not glad,
To me thou art a lether leche.

MS. Hart. 3954.
A prowde wrech and a yonge.
And a lether gaddclynge.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 115.
3ys, for sothe, awylecan I,
To begyle owre letfittr pye.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 1.T6.

(3) The skin. Still in use.

Than wete men never whether ys whether.
The jelughe wymple or the lether,

JtfS. Hart. 1701, f. 23.
LETIIET. Moderated itself.

Bright and faire the son schone.
But htt lethet sone anon.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 36.
LETHY. (1) Nasty ; filthy. Cumb.
(2) Weak ; feeble ; supple. " His ere-lappes

waxes lethy," Reliq. Antiq. i. 54.
LET-IN. To strike. Soufh.
LETTASES. Lattices. Florin, p. 469.
LETTE. Impediment ; hinderance.
Uppon a dey, withouten tette.
The duke with the kyng was sette.

MS.Aihmole 61, f.60.

LEV

516

LEW

LETTER. To make an entry in a ledger or
book. Somerset.

liETTERON. The ancient reading-stand in
chmclies. See Davies, ed. 1672, p. 17.

LETTERS-OF-MART. Letters of marque were
formerly so called.

LETTICE. A kind of grey fur. "Lettycea
furre, letice," Palsgrave. Whether the lettice-
cap was a cap in which tliis fur was introduced
I am not certain, but mention is made in an
early MS. of " an ermine or lattice bonnet,"
Planche, p. 262. Nares has fallen into un-
necessary conjectures by not understanding
this meaning of the terra.

LETTIRDE. Lettered; learned. (A.-N.)

And than scho sayd, everylk mane and wom.ine
that were ti^ttirde, that were in any temptacione,
whilke that I rehersede before, saye he this ympne
Veni creator spii-itust and the devele and the tempta-
cione Salle sone voyde fra hym.

MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 257.

LETTOWE. Lithuania.

Chasez one a coursere, and to a kyng rydys.
With a lauuce of hettowe he thirllez his sydez,
That the lyver and the lunggezon thelauncelengez.
Morie Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 76.

LETTRURE. Learning; literature.

LEUF. The palm of the hand. North.

LEUGH. Laughed. Robin Hood, i. 49.

LEUKE. Luke-warm. Reliq. Antiq. i. 52. It
is still in use in Yorkshire.

LEUTERER. A thief ; a vagabond.

LEUTH. Shelter. South.

LEUWYN. A kind of Unen, of which table-
cloths were formerly made.

LEU3E. Laughed. See Leugk.

Than men myght se game i-nowje,
When every cokwold on other letf^e,

MS. Ashmole6\,t.60.

LEVABLE. Able to be levied. See the

Archa:ologia, i. 91.
LEVACION. The elevation of the Host, in the
Roman Catholic serrice. See Gesta Rom. p.
266 ; Ord. and Reg. p. 89.
LEVAND. Living. Lydgate.
LEVE. (1) To leave. Also, to believe. Both
senses occur in this couplet.

Thosayde Maxent to Kateryn,
Leve thy god and teve on myn.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 38.
Sche Isvyd nothyng in the masse.
That very God was in forme of bredd.

MS. Catitab. Ff. li. 38, f. 46.

(2) Leave; permission. {A.-S.)

(3) Desire ; inclination. {A.-S.)

(4 ) Dear ; wiUing. See Lefe.
LEVEL. (1 ) To assess, or levy. East.
(2 ' A straight ruler. Palsgrave.
LEVEL-COIL. A rough game, formerly much

in fashion at Christmas, in which one hunted
another from his seat. Florio, p. 138, men-
tions " a Cristmas game called rise up good
fellow, or itch buttocks," which refers to the
same amusement. *' Joni-r a cul-leve, to play
at leveU-coyle," Cotgrave. Hence the phrase
came to he used for any noisy riot. It was
also called level-sice, and Skelton, ii. 31, spells

it levell suse. Blount gives the following
very curious explanation, " level-coile is when
three play at tables, or other game, by ttu'ns,
onely two playing at a time, the loser removes
his buttock, and sits out ; and therefore called
also hitch-buttock," ed. 1681, p. 374.
LEVELLERS. Persons who advocate an equa-
lization of property &c. The term was
common dm-ing tlie civil wars, when there
were many who professed those opinions.
LEVEN. To alleviate. Lydgate.
LEVENE. Lightning. (.i.-'S.) ' \

The thondir, with his firy lerene.
So cruel was upon the hevene.

Cower, MS. Soc. Antlt. 134, f. 191.
With sodeyne tempest and with firy lei't:ne.
By thegoddes sente doun from hevene.

Lydgate, MS. Dighy 230
This is the auctorof the hy;e heven,
Sette m the siinneclere as any levenen.

Lydgate, MS. Soc. Atitiq. 134, f. IG.

LEVENER. The same as Bever {W
LEVER. (1) One of the chief supporters of the
roof-timber of a house, being itself not a prop,
but a portion of the frame-work. Also, tlie
lower moveable board of a barn-door.

(2) Rather. {A.-S.)

1 shalle the whyte, be hode myne.
How hade I lever a conyne.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 50.

(3) Better ; more agreeable.

Ther come to hym never a lever sonde
Then tlie fyscher and the fostere.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 121.

(4) To deliver to. Plumpton Corr. p. 189.
LEVERS. The yellow-flag. South.
LEVESELE. A lattice. Chaucer mentions the

gay levesele at the tavern as a sign of the
wine there sold, and up to a much later period
lattices were the distinguishing features of
inns. The explanations of this word given in
Tyrwhitt, the Oxford Gloss. Architecture, Pr.
Parv. p. 300, &c. are certainly erroneous.
Alie his devocion and holinesse
At taverne is, as for theraoste delle.
To Bachus signe and to the levesele.

Oevleve, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 253.

LEVET. The blast or strong sound of a trumpet.

{Fr.) It occurs in Iludihras.
LEVETENNANTE. A deputy, iere^enif, Reliq.
Antiq. ii. 22.
Salle be ray levetennante with loidchipez y-newe.

Morle Arthure, MS. Lincoln, (. W.

LEVEYNE. Leaven.

He is the leveyne of the bred,
Whiche soureth alle the paste aboute.

Gower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, (.«/.

LEVORE. Lever; mace. Xitson.
LEVYNG. Life. Chron. Vilodun. p. 5.
LEVY'NGE. Departure ; death.

The aungelle gaf hym in warnynge

Of the tyrae of hys levynge.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 243.

LEW. (I) To get into the lew, 1. e. into a place
sheltered from the wind. Var. dial. " Soule-
grove sil lew" is an ancient Wiltshire proverb,
i. e. February is seldom warm.

LEY

5i;

Lie

'^2) Luke-warm. Still in use. Lewe water,
Oril. and Reg. p. 471.

(3) Weak ; faint. Nominale MS.

LEWCOME. See Litcayne.

LEWD. Ignorant; lay; untaught; useless.
(.■J.-S.) lu some later writers, vile, base,
wicked. In the remote parts of Yorkshire a
vicious horse is termed leivd.

LEWDSTER. A lewd person. Shai. I follow
the usual explanation, but should be rather
inclined to consider it as meaning a wretch,
and perhaps connected with leuterer.

LEWESODE. Loosened. " His fedris weron
lewemde ychon," Chron. Vilodun. p. 125.

LEWINS. A kind of bands put about a hawk.
See Florio, p. 289.

LEWIS. A kind of machine used for raising
stones. Archaeologia, x. 127.

LEWN. A tax, or rate, or lay for church or
parish dues. Chesh. A benefaction of fourt y
shilhngs is payable to the pai'ish of Walsall
to ease the poor inhabitants of their leu'nes.
See Carhsle on Charities, p. 296.

LEWSTRY. To work hard. Devon.

LEWTE. (1) Loyalty. (^.-A'.)

(2) A kind of cup or vessel.

(3) The herb restharrow. Somerset.
LEWTH. Warmth ; shelter. West.
LEWYTH. That which is left.
LEWZERNE. A kind of fur.
LEXST. Lyest ; speakest false.

MorgadouT answerd anon,
Stalworth knight as he was on,
Thi leTsf amidward thi teth,
And Iherfore have thou maupreth.

Gy (./ haru'ike, p. 154.
Cy, quath the justice, swiche mervaile.
Thou lejtf damisel, saun faile.

Arthouy and Merlin, p. 35.
LEY'. (I) Latitude; room; hberty; leisure;
opportunity ; law. North.

(2) A lea, or pasture. West. " One a laiinde
by a ley," Degrevant, 239. Leij-breck, sward
once ploughed.

(3) Law ; faith ; religion. {A.-N.)

(4) The standard of metals. Derb.

(5) To lie. Reliq. Antiq. i. 60.

(6) A flame, or low. {A.-S.)

For y am yn endles peyne,
Yn fyre and yn ieye certeyne.

US. Harl. 1701, f.44.

(7) A lake. Still in use.

He made alle a valaye,
Al so it were a brod Ieye.

Arttwur and Merlin, p. 35lf
LEY.ARE. A stonemason. Pr. Parv.
LEYCERE. Leisure.

Now, syres, ye seeyn the lytylle leycere here.

Ctiaucer, MS. Cantab. Ff. i, 6, f. 30.
LEYD. Laid. See Fet/re.
LEYGHT. Lyeth. Lydgaie.

With harmes to greve in wayte leyght shee
To revene mene of welthe and prosperyti^.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. fi, f. 157.
LEYNE. Laid; placed. (.-1.-5.)
LEYOND. Laying.

At the see Jame and Jon he fonde
As thei were lynes leyond.

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab. (. 82.
LEYTH. Loathly. Audelav, p. 31.
LEY5TL0CURE. More easily. (A.-S.)
LHI.NNE. A lake. Lhuyd's MSS.
LIALE. Loyal. Wright Pol. Songs, p. 303.
LIAN'CE. An alliance. Palsgrave.
LI.\R. " Liar, bar, lick dish," a proverbial
address to a liar, chiefly used at schools. It
is an old sajing, being found in the Tragedy
of Hoflman, 1631, sig. I. ii.
LIARD. A horse, properly one of a grey colour.
Palsgrave mentions a horse called Lyarde
Urbyn. " One Ivarde stedes," Worte Arthure,
MS. Lincoln, f. 80.

Stedis stabillede in stallis,

Ujarde and sore. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 130.
LIB. (1) To castrate. North. " To capon, to
geld, to lib, to splaie," Florio, p. 5. See
Topsell's Foure-Footed Beasts, 1607, p. 68.
(2) A basket, or leep. South.
(.3) Haifa bushel. Kennett MS.
(4) To lay dorni. A cant term mentioned in

Dekker's Belman of London, 1616.
LIBARDINE. The herb wolfljane. See Topsell's
Foure-Footed Beasts, 1607, p. 40. Also called
lil)bard's-bane.
LIBBARD. A leopard. Sielton.

Then owte starte a lumbarte,
Felle he was as a lybarte.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 1/9.

LIBBEGE. A bed. This old cant term is
given by Dekker, Lanthome and Candle-
Light, 1620, sig. C. ii.
LIBBEING. Living. (A.-S.)

For todrawen up all thing
That nede was to her /iWei;;^, "

Arthour and Merlin, p. 38.
LIBBER. A man who libs or gelds. North.

" A guelder, a libber," Florio, p. 89.
LIBBET. A billet of wood ; a stafl;', stick, or

club. South.
LIBBETS. Rags in strips. West.
LIBERAL. Licentious; free to excess. It

occurs often in this sense in old plays.
LIBERARIE. Learning. Lydyate.
LIB-KEN. A house to live in. An old cant
term, given bv Dekker, Lanthome and Caudle.
Light, 1620, sig. C. ii.
LICAME. The body. {A.-S.')

And Jhesus hent up that licame
That lay deed bifore the thronge.

Curtor Mundi, MS. Col. Trin. Cantab. {. 75.
That ani man tohir cam
That ever knewe hir licham.

Arthnur and Merlin, p. 37.
LICCHORIE. Leachery. Hearne.
LICHE. (1) The body. B'eber. Hence the

term liche-wake, or lake-wake, q. v.
(2) AUke. (A.-S.)

In kirtfis and incopis riche,
They weren clolhid alle iiche.

Guv.er, .Its. S,:i: Antiq.l3i,{. Ill

LICHFOUL. The night-raven. Rowlands.

Drayton mentions it as tlie Uteh-oicl.
LICH-GATE. The gate throu^li «l;ijh il.e

LIE

ns

LIF

corpse was carried into the church. It had
always a roof over it under whicli the hier was
placed, and the bearers rested until the clerg)'-
man met the corpse, and read the introductory
part of the service as he preceded the train
into the church. Several lichgates are still
preser\'ed.
LICHWORT. The herb pellitory.
LICIBLE. Pleasant ; agreeable.

Percys as whan the listewhat thi wyf pley
Thi conceyte holdeth it gond and ticihU.

Occlei'e, MS. Sot: Aiitiq. 134, f. 259.
LICK. To beat, or thrash. Hence, to surpass
or excel in anything ; to do anything easily.
To lick the eye, to be well pleased.
LICK-DISH. A term of contempt. See the
phrase given in v. Liar. A sycophant is still
termed a lick-pan. " A lick-sauce, lick-box,
licheron," Howell.
LICKEN. To compare ; to liken. Craven.
These ben the enemyes that fawnyn^ slays.
And sleying fawneth, that It/ckefi y can
To Joas, that toke be the chynne Amas.

MS. Cantalt. Ff. il. 38,f. 14.
LICKER. To grease boots or shoes.
LICKLY. Likelv. North.
LICKOROUS. Dainty ; affected. Used also
in the sense of lecherous, or voluptuous. " To
cocker, to make likerish, to pamper," Holly-
band's Dictionarie, 1593.

From women light and lickorotis
Good fortune still deliver us.

O't^rnre, in v. Femme.

LICK-POT-riNGER. The fore-finger.

LICKS. A good heating. North.

LICKSOME. Pleasant ; agreeable. C/tesk.

LICKSPITTLE. A parasit"e. I'ar. dial.

LICK-UP. A small pittance. East.

LICLIARE. Likelier ; more likely.

LID. A coverlet. Kent. It is applied to a
book-cover in Nomenclator, p. 7, and I find
the term so used as late as 1757, in Dr. Free's
Poems, p. 47.

LIDDED. The top of the bearing part of a
pipe is said to be hdded when its usual space
is contracted to a small compass or width. A
raining term.

LIDDEN. (1) Long. Somer.^et.

(2) Saving, song, or storv. West.

LIDDERON. A lazy idle bad fellow. From
Udder, or lither, q. v.

LIDE. (1) Lydia. Chancer.

(2) The month of March. An old prorincial
term, now obsolete.

LIDGITTS. Some thirty or fourty years ago,
when the fields in the Isle of Oxholrae were
uninhabited, there were gates set up at the
end of the villages and elsewhere to prevent
the cattle from straying upon tlie arable lands ;
these gates were termed lidgitts. Line.

LIDS. (1) Manner; fashion; way; kind; re-
semblance. North.

(2) Transverse bars of wood supporting the roof
of a coal-mine.

LIE. (1) To lay down. Var. dial.

(2) To subside, as the wind. Devon.

(3) To lie with a latchet, to tell a moastious
falsehood. To lie in wait of one's self, to be
very careful. To lie by the wall, to lie on tlit
cold floor, to lie a bier, to lie dead before
interment.

(4) To reside. Still in use.

(5) The lees of wine. Pr. Parv.
LIE-BOX. (1) A great liar. West.

(2) A box wherein the Ue from wood-ashes is

made. Var. dial.
LIEF. The same as Lefe, q. v.
LIEF-COUP. A sale or market of goods in the

place where they stand. Kent.
LIEGEMAN. A subject. S/iak.
LIEGER. An ambassador. See Leiger. Spelt

liffier in HaU, Henrv VIII. f. 158.
LIEGES. Subjects. (A.-N.)
LIEKD. Loved. Cumb.
LIE-LEACH. A box, perforated at bottom,

used for straining water for lie. It is also

called a lie-latch, lie-dropper, or lie-lip.
LIE-LEY. To lie in grass. Yorish.
LIEN. Lain. Chancer.
LIENDE. Lying. See Lien.

And therto lyounes tweyne Itiende ther under.

MS. Ottl. Cati^. A. ii. fol. 1)1.

LIES. Lees of wine. {.4.-N.)

LIETON. A church-yard. mils.

LIEVER. Rather. I'ar. dial.

LIF. Permission. (./.-S.)

For if that we have /j/ therto,
3nure commaundmenl shul we do.
Cmsm- Miindi, MS. Cull. Triu. C.itilab- f. 32.

LIFE-D.\YS. Life-time. " By his lyfe dayes,

de son plnyn vivant,*' Palsgrave.
LIFELICHE. Active; piercing. Lifly, like
the life, Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 257.
And that l'/t;li':h(! launce that lepe to his herte
When he was crucyfiede on crose, and alle the kene

naylis,
Knyghtly hcsalleconquere to Cristyne men hondes,
Morle .Irthure, MS. Linmln, f. 89.
Lyche IvJIt/ men among hem day by day.

MS. Digbs/ 232, f . 2.
LIFERS. Leavers; deserters.
LIFFY. In Devon, when a man seduces a girl
with strong protestations of honour, and after-
wards leaves her to her fate, he is said to
li/f!/ her, and she is said to be liffied.
LIFL'ODE. Living ; state of life. {A.-S.)

Whedir salle we now gaa, or whate partye may
we now chese ? Whare schalle we now get any
helpe tille oure tyfetadt.

MS. Linmln A. i 1". f 49.
LIFT. (1) The air ; the sky. {A.-S.)

Somme in the erthe. somnie in the lift.
There thei dreje ful harde drift

Curmr Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 4.
Now at the erthe, now at the lift.
Or however thou wolt the shift.

Curtor Mundi, MS. Ibid. f. 139.

(2) To aid, or assist, far. dial. Perhaps the
usual meaning in this passage.

Sou, alle the seyntes that be in heyven.

Nor alle the angels undur the Trinite,
On here-hreyde out of this peyne
Thei have no pouere to lift mc.

MS. Ciinlab. Ff. v. 48, f. 68.

LIG

510

UK

(3) A coarse rough gate without hinges, and
moveable. Ea.s/.

(4) A joint of beef. West.

(5) To carve up a swan. See the Booke of
Hunting, 1586, f. 81.

(6) A trick at whist or other games at cards.
To lift for deaUng, to draw or cut for the deal.

(7) A falsehood. Soinerset.

(8) To steal. Still retained in the modern term
shop-lifting. The lifting law, says Dekker,
" teacheth a kind of hfting of goods cleane
away." Belman of London, 1608.

(9) A had character. Devon.
LIFTER. A thief. See Lift (8).
LIFTERS. An old term for mortises.
LIFTIXG-MONDAY. Easter Monday, when

it was the custom for every couple of men to
lift up and kiss each woman tliey met.
Lifting on Easter Tuesday, when the women
returned the compliment' to the men. This
was a common custom in Lancashire about
fifty years ago, till the distiu-bances to which
it gave rise called for the interference of
the magistrates, and it gradually became ob-
solete ; but it is still retained in some parts of
the country.

LIFT-LEG. Strong ale. An old cant term,
mentioned in Harrison's England, p. 202.

LIG. The same as Ligge, q. v. It is sometimes

■ used for a lie, a falsehood.

LIG-A-LAME. To maim. North.

LIGEANXE. Allegiance. (.^.-A;)

LIGGE. To he down. {.4..S.) Still in common
use in the North of England.

And they here bidden for to slepe,
Liegende upon the bed alofte.

Gowei-, MS. Snc. Antiq. 134, f, 44

LIGGEE. A carved eoit made of hard wood,
used at the game of doddart.

LIGGEMENE. Subjects.

Was warreofsyr Lucius one launde there he hovys,

With lordezand liggemene that to hymsell'e lengede.

Mvite Arthure, M.S. Lhicnin, C.7C

LIGGER. (I) A plank placed across a ditch for
a pathway. East.

(2) A hi •; with a float and bait used for catching
pike. East.

(3) The same as Ledger, q. v.

(4) A coverlet for a bed. Li7ic.
LIGGET. A rag or fragment. West.
LIGGLE. To lug or carry. Noifoti.
LIGGYXG-STEDE. A couch or bed. It occurs

in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii.
LIGHT. (1) .\n example. East.

(2) To be confined. Salop.

And I shalle say thou was lygfit
Of a knave-childe this nyght.

Townel''!/ Mi/ste>ies, p. Ifl",

(3) To descend, or alight, far. dial. •' Set a
Begger on horsebacke, and thev say he will
never light," Greenes Orpharioii, 1599. p. 19.
Sometimes lighten, as in the English version
of the Te Deum hudamm.

(4) To enlighten ; to make light or pleasant ; to
grow hght. {A.-S.)

The lettres of syr Lucius lyt^httysmyneheHe ;
We hafe as losets liffyde many longe daye.

Murte Artlmre, MS. Liiimln, f.K.

(5) Light timbered, sickly, weak ; also, active,
nimble. To liglit on, to meet. Liglit day,
clear day, open dayhght. Light-headed, de-
lirious. Light-heeled, active, nimble. Light-
o'-fire, a term of abuse.

(6) Weak; sickly. Somerset.
LIGHTE.VING. The break of day. North.
LIGHTER. (1) A less number. North.
(2) The same as Lafler, q. v.
LIGHT-HEELED. Loose in character. "She

is sure a light heeld wench," the Bride, 1610,
sig. G. A light-housewife, a married wom.Tii
of bad character. " An harlot, a brothel, an
hoore, a strompet, a hght housewTfe," Elyot,
in V. Merelrix.

LIGHTING. Light. This occurs in MS. Cotton.
Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 26.

LIGHTING-STOCK. A horse-block. West.

LIGHTLOKER. More hghtly, or easily. {.4.-8.)

LIGHTLY. (1) Commonly; usually; inordinary
cases. See Tnsser, p. 71.

(2) Readilv ; easilv ; quicklv. {-l.-S.)

LIGHTMANS. the day. ' A cant term, given
in Dekkcr's Lanthorne and Candle -Light,
1620, sig. ':. ii.

LIGHTNING. Lightning before death, a pro-
verbial phrase, alluding to the resuscitation
of the spirits which frequently occurs before
dissolution.

LIGHT-O'-LOVE. The name of an old d.ince-
tune. It was a kind of proverbial phrase for
levity, and a loose woman was frequently so
called.

LIGHT-RIPE. Corn has this epithet applied
to it, when the stalk or straw appears ripe,
and yet the ear contains nothing but a milky
juice. Line.

LIGHTS. (1) The lungs. Var. dial.

(2) The openings between the di\-isions of a
window, and hence occasionally used by later
writers for the windows themselves.

LIGHTSOME. (1) Gay; cheerfid. North.

(2) Light ; full of hght. " Lightsome glass-

window," Davies, ed. 1672, p. 52.
LIGLY. Likely. Northumh.
LIGMANE. Liegeman ; subject. {A.-S.)

Gret wele Lucius thi lorde, and layue noghte thise

wordes,
Ife thow helygmaae lele, late hyme wiet sone.

MorleAi-thure, Ms. Lincitln, f. 57.

LIGNE. Lineage ; lineal descent. {A.-N.)
LIGNE-ALOES. Lignum aloes. Chaucer,
LIGNEY. (1) Active ; strong; able to bear grc-it

fatigue. Cumb.
(2) To Mghten. Nominale MS.
LIGS. Ulcers on a horse's hps.
LIKE. (1) Likeness.

That in a inannes Jt/Tie

The devel to this mayde com. MS.CoU. Trin. Oroti. .".7.
(2) To please ; to delight ; to be pleased.

What so thai have it may be myne,

Come and brede, ale and wyne,

And alle that njay ii*e me. MS.Canlali. Ff.v.48, f. 30.

LIM

520

LIM

(3) In the main. " He is a good sort of man
like." It is frequently used as a mere exple-
tive. Like much, an equal quantity of each.
lam like to do it, I must do it. To like one-
self, to like one's situation. This appears to
he the second meaning, to please. To go upon
likes, to go on trial. To go a liking, ibid. And
like your majesty, if it please your majesty.
Like lettuce like lips, a proverb implying that
bad things suit each other. Good like, well
looking. Better nor like, better than was ex-
pected. Life of, to approve. Every like, every
now and then.

(4) To grow; to thrive; to agree with one, as
food, drink, &c.

(5) To hken ; to compare. (.-/.-.S.)

(6) Likelv ; probably. Var. dial. " I and my
man wer like to byn bothe kild by Captin
Hammon that was dronke," Forman's Diary,
MS. Ashmole, 203.

LIKELY. Suitable ; promising ; good-looking ;
resembUng. Likeliness, resemblance; pro-
babilitv. , .

LIKEN.' Likely. Suffolk. I had Ukened, i. e.

I was in danger of.
LIKER. More like. {J.-S.)

His lips wcr great, they hanged aside,
His eies were hollow, his mouth wide.
He was lothly to looke on ;
He was /yier a devill then a man.

Btfi'ti 0/ Hampton, n. d.

LIKES. Likelihood; prospect. Jl'est. It is

sometimes pronounced likeseunce.
LIKFULLIST. Most pleasant. (.-/.-S.) _
LIKING. (1) Appearance; condition. Norf/i.
(2) Delight ; pleasure. Chancer.
LIKKERWISE. DcUgbtfid; pleasant. (^.-S.)
LIKNE. To imitate; to mimic; to liken, or

make a simUe. {J.-S.)
LI L BURN. A heavy stupid fellow.
LILBYLOW. Perspiration ; fever. Litic. It is

also pronounced lillipooh.
LILE. Little. North.

Full Hie we know his hard griefe of mind.

And how he did long London to ken ;
And yet he thought he should flnde it at last,
Because he met so many men.

Tlte Kitigajtd a ^oure Northerne Man, 1640.

LILEWORTH. Of little value. North.

LI LL. (1) To pant ; to loll out the tongue. U Sits.
" I lylle out the tonge as a becst dothe that
is chafed," Palsgrave. " To pant and bee out
of breath, or lill out the tongue, as a dog that
is wearv'," Florio, p. 15.

(2) To assuage pain. North.

LILLILO. A bright flame. North.

LILLY. The wild convolvulus. Lilly-royal, the
herb pcnnv-roval. South.

LILLYCONVALLY. The May-lilly.

LILLYWIIITECAKE. A short-cake. South.

LILLYWUNS. An exclamation of amazement.

LILT. To jerk, or spring; to do anything cle-
verly or quickly. North.

LILTY-PATTEN. A whore. North.

LIMAILE. Fihngs of metal. {A.-N.)

LIMATIKE. A crooked person ; a cripple.

LIMB. Explained by Forby, " a determiii."i1
sensualist." The term seems generaBy to im-
ply deterioration. A limb of Satan, a limb of
the law, &c. The first of these phrases is re-
tained from the early English feendes hjms.
See Hoccleve, p. 29." According to Pegge, a
man addicted to anything is called a limb fur
it. Glossary, p. 98.
LIMBECK. An alembic. Shak.
LIMBER. Supple ; flexible. Var. dial. "His
eares is limber and v\eake," Topsell's Beasts,
1607, p. 185.
LIMBERS. Thills or shafts. West.
LIMB-MEAL. Limb by hmb. (A.-S.)
LIMBO. Hell. Properly, the limbus or place
where the righteous were supposed to have
been confined before the coming of Christ.
" Limbo or hell," Florio, pp. 105, 158. It was
also used for a prison, in which sense it is still
retained.

Beholde now what owre Lordjhesu dideone the
Saterday, as sune as he was dede. He went downe
to helle to owre holy fadyrs that ware in lymbu to
tyme of his Resureccione.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 1S6.
LIMB-TRIMMER. Atailor. North.
LIME. (1) A limb. {A.-S.)

He was a moche man and a longe,
In every lym styff and stronge.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 75.

(2) To smear, as with bird-Ume

For who so wol his houdis It/mp,
They raosten be the more unclene.

Cott'^r, MS. Soi\ .-Intiq. f. Sti.

(3) Lime was mixed with wine, sack, &c. to re-
move the tartness. Egg-shells ai-e now often
used for that purpose, and perhaps hme.

(4) Any glutinous substance, as glue, bird-hme,
gum, &c. North.

(5) Limit ; end.

Ry^t as we clcye jet the same.

And herrafter shulde withoujte tyme.

Chron. VUodun. p. 4.
C6) A thong. See Lime-hound.
LIME-ASH. A composition of sifted ashes and
mortar, beaten together, and laid down as a
flooring for kitchens and outhouses. West.
LIME- BURNER. A dwarfish fellow.
LIMED. Polished ; filed. {A.-N.)
LIME-HOUND. A common hound or sporting
dog, led by a thong called a lime. Lyne-
hounds, Cotgrave, in v. Hut. See Ord. and
Reg. p. 325." Liiuer, a blood-hound, Tyrwhitt.
" A dogge engendred betnene an hounde
and a luastyve, called a lymmer or a mungrell,"
Elyot in v. Hijbris.

There ovirtoke I a grete rout
Of huntirs and of foresters,
And many relaies and limers.
That hied hem to the forest fast.
And 1 with hem, so at the last
I askid one lad, a It/mere,
Say, felowe. who shal huntin here ?
Quod I, and he answered ayen.
Sir, the emperour Octovyen,
Quod he, and he is here fasle by .

TftF Dreme of Chaucer, 31!5.
LIME-ROD. A twig with bird-lime ; more

LIN

521

LIN

usually called a lime-twig. Lyme-yerd, Piers
Ploughman, p. 170.
He lend thee tyme-twigs, and fine sparrow calls.
Wherewith the fowler silly birds inthralls.

The Affectionate Shepheard, 1594.
LIMIT. A limb. Shak.
LIMIT.VTION. A certain precinct allowed to a

liniitour. (Lat.)
LIMITOUR. A begging-friar. Hence in later
times, limit, to beg.
The li/mytoxir that vesiteth the wietBs,

1-wysamane ofhimynough may leere,
To geve pynnys.gerdyilis, and knyeffis.

This craft is good. MS. Cantab. Ff. i 6, f. 156.
For they go ydelly a limiting abrode, living upon
the sweat of other mens travels.

Nortfibrooke'.i Treatise, 1577.

LIMITROPHES. Boundaries. This word oc-
curs in the Historie of Palmendos, 1589.

LIM-LIFTER. A term of contempt, perhaps
derived from limitoiir. '* A scorneful! nick-
name, as we say a lim-lifter," Florio, p. 92.

LIMMER. Mischievous ; base ; low. Still in
use, applied to females.

Then the Innmer Scottes hared me, burnt my
guddes, and made deadly feede on rae, and my
bames. Bullein's Diali,gue, 1573, p. 3

LIMMOCK. Very Ump. Var. dial.

LIMOUS. Sticky ; glutinous. Pr. Parv.

LIMP. (1) An instrument used for separating
lead ore from the stone. Mander explains it,
" a small board to skim the sieve with when
washing the ore."

(2) Flaccid; limber; supple. Var. dial. Also
called limpey. Stanihurst, p. 11, has limpet h,
is weak, or unsatisfactory.

(3) Inefficient. Somerset.

(4) To chance, or happen.

The fyfte was Josue. that joly mane of armes.
That in Jerusalem ofte fulle myche joye lymppede.

Morte Arthure, MS. Linmin, f. a9.

LIN. (1) Flax; linen. (J.-S.^j It is sometimes
used for female ajiparel generally. Li/ii, MS.
Med. Rec. Line. f. 286, xv. Cent'. Lytie-iveb-
bers, Cocke Loreiles Bote, p. 9.
He drook never cidre ne wyn,
Ne never wered clooth of tyn.

Cursor Mandi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 79.
Bothe pallis, clothes and baudekyn.
And other of woUe and oflj/n.

MS. .Jddit. 11X136, fol. 49.

(2) To cease ; to stop. North.

And never did lin towring upwani, and still up-
ward, for the space, as I might guess, of one whole
hour. Tlie Man in the Moone, 1657, p. 46.

Her husband, a recusant, often came.
To hear mass read, nor would he ever lin.

Billingsly's Brachy-Martyrologia, lfJ57, p. 200.

(3) A carcase. Cumb.

(4) A pool, a cascade, or precipice. " Linnes and
huge pooles," Harrison, p. 88. A lake, ibid,
p. 130. Still in use in the North.

(5) Lain, or laid. Sir Tristrem.
LINAGE. Lineage; family. {A.-N.)
LINCELS. Tares in com.
LINCEUS. Linx-seeing.

But yet, in the end, their secret driftes are laide

open, and linceua eyes, that see through stone walls,
have made a passage into the close coverture of
their hypocrisie. tiaih's Pierce Pennileese, 1593.

LINCH. (1) To beat, or chastise. A'orth. Urry's
MS. additions to Ray.

(2) A balk of land. Kent. Any bank or boun-
dary for the division of land. Also called
lincher and linchef.

(3) A haunch of mutton. North.

(4) A hamlet. Gtouc.

(5) A small step ; a narrow steep bank, or foot-
path. JVest.

(6) A ledge ; a rectangular projection.

(7) A small inland chtf, generally one that is
wooded. South.

(8) To prance about lively. HoUyband mentions
a linching horse as the translation of cheval
coiinelineux, Dictionarie, 1593.

LINCHPIN. A stag's penis. Salop.
LINCOLNSHIRE. A primitive custom in
Lincolnshhe of washing with the excrement
of the pig, and burning dried cow-dung, is
memorialized in a proverb occasionally quoted:
What a wonderful county is Lincolnshire.
Where pigs [emit] soap and cows [void] fire.
The words between bracketshave been changed
from the original causa pudoris, but put it
how you will, the couplet is not very elegant.
It is quoted at fuU by Aubrey, MS. Nat. Hist.
Wilts, p. 292.
LINDABRIDES. A mistress. An old term,
derived from a character in an early Spanish
romance. See Nares.
LINDE. The lime-tree. {A.-S.) Sometimes
used perhaps for a tree in general.
As he rood undlra lynde,
Beside a roche, as I the telle.

Goicer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 53.
Than were y gladd and ly;t as lynde,
0( parce michi Domine.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii.38, f. 21
A hert he found ther he ley
Welle feyre under the lynd.

MS. AslimaleCd, {. 1.
There cornea knyght them fulle nere.
That hyght sir Barnard Messengere,

Huntyng aftur an hynde.
And founde that lady lovely of chere,
And hur sone slepyng in fere,
Lyeng undur a lynde.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 74.
LINE. (1) To beat. J'ar.dial.

(2) To lean ; to incline. Somerset.

(3) " To hne a bitch or cover a mare," Florio,
ed. 1611, p. 25. Lyminy, TopseU's Beasts,
1607, p. 139. Still in use.

(4) Line of life, one of the lines in the hand, a
term in palmistry.

(5) A place for laying down. Fast.
LINED. Intoxicated. North.
LINENER. A Hnen-draper. See Nares.
LINERS. Bundles. Devon.

LINES. Marriaye lines, a certificate of mariiage.

Yor/csh.
LINET. Tinder, jnits.
LINE-WAY. A straight direct path.
LING. Heath ; furze. North. " Ling or

33*

LIX

522

LIB

heath for brushes," Florio, p. 69. Ling Collins,
burnt ling, West, and Cumb. Dial.
Ther the; beryed hem both
In nouther mosse nor lyJig*

US. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 129.
LINGE. (1) To work hard. Yorksh.
(2) To loll out the tongue. Oxon.
LINGEL. A shoemaker's thread. " Corigpa.
lyngel," MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45. " Lyngell
that souters sowe with, chefgros," Palsgrave.
" Lynger to sowe mib, poiilcier," ibici.

Thecobler of Caunterburie, armde with his aul,
his lintel, and his last, presents himselfe a judiciall
censor of other mens writinges.

The Cxtbhr of Cauntfirburie, 1590.
LINGER. To long for anything. Keiit.
LINGET. A hnnet. Somerset.
LIXGY. (1) Active; strong; tall. Korth.

(2) Idle and loitering. Kent.

(3) The same as Limber, q. v.

LINHAY. An open shed attached to a farm-
yard. West. When attached to a barn or
house, it is called a hanging-linhay.

I.INIATION. Mensuration, {hat.)

I.INIEL. The same as Linget, q. v.

LINING. (1) The loins. Somerset.

(2) A person who succeeded with a woman was
said to get within the lining of her smock.

But as one of the thre^ chapmen was imploied in
his tratfike abroad, so the prettie poplet his wife
began to be a fresh occupieng giglot at home, and by
report fell so farre acquainted with a religious clois-
tcrer of the towne, as that he gat within the lining
of hirsmocke. Stanihurst^^ L-eiand, p. 2fi.

LINK. (I) A sausage. East. HoUyband, 1593,
explains lirkes, " a kinde of lueate made of
hogges guts kept in brine ;"' and Holme,
1688, calls them, " a kind of pudding, the
skin being filled with pork flesh, and seasoned
with diverse spices, minced, and tied up at
distances." Howell has, " a link, sausage, or
chitterhng." Lex. Tet. 1660.

(2) To burn"; or give Ught. (^.-5.)

(3) To walk quickly. Xorth.

(4) See Linch and Ling.
LINKERING. Idle. Salop.
LINK-PINS. Linch-pins are called linl-pins

and lin-pins in the provinces. Lynpyn occurs

in the Finchale Charters.
LINKS. Sand-hills. North.
LINM.\N'. A flax-seller. West.
LINNEN. London. Devon. ' '

LINN IT. Lint; tinder. Dorset.
LINN-TREE. A lime-tree. Derb.
LINNY. The same as Linhay, q. v.
LINOLF. Shoemaker's lingel. Pr. Pan.
LINSE. To beat severely. Devon.
LINSET. The name of the stool on which

women sat whUe spinning.
LIN-SHORDS. To throw lin-shords, i. e. Lent-

shords, a custom practised at Ilfracombe,

which consists in throwing broken shords into

the windows of the houses on one of the days

of Lent.
LINSTOCK. A stick with a match or lint at

the end used by gunners.

LINT. A halter. Var. dial.

LINTEL. When a door or window is square-
headed, the upper piece is called a lintel. It
is sometimes termed a lynton in early
writers.

LINTELS. The same as Lincek, q. v. Tares
are called lints in Lincolnshire.

LINTEREL. The same as Lintel, q. v.

LINT-WHITE. A lark. Sufol/c.

LINTY. Idle ; lazy ; fat. Var. dial.

LION. The main beam of a ceiling. West.
Perhaps from lie on.

LIOUR. (1) A mixture. MS. Med. Rec.

(2) The binding or fringe of cloth. " Sett on
lyoiir," Boke of Curtasye, p. 19. .

LIP. The same as Lyie, q. v.

LIPARY. Wet ; rainy. Somerset.

LIP-CLIP. A kiss. A cant term. Lip, to kiss,
Lilly, ed. 1632,sig.Dd. ii.

LIFE. A fragment ; a slip, or portion. Cuynb.
" Of every disshe a lipet out to take," Lyd-
gate's Minor Poems, p. 52. .....

LIPIN. To forewarn. South.

LIPKEN. A house. SeeLib-ien.

LIPPED. (I) Laid down. A cant term.

(2) Free ; loose ; ravelled. West. Most probably
fi-om Lipe, q. v.

LIPPEN. (1) The same as tipary, q.v. Lippy
is also used in the same sense. Lipping-time,
a wet season. Glouc.

(2) To expect ; to rely ; to trust to, or place con-
fidence in. North.

LIPPER. The spray from small waves, either in
fresh or salt water. North.

LIPPING-CLOUT. A piece of steel welded to
the front of a horse's shoe. West.

LIPPIT. Wanton. (Fr.)

LIPSEY. To lisp. Somerset.

LIP-SHORD. A chip. Dei:on.

LIP-WINGLE. A lapwing. Beds.

LIP-WISE. Garrulous. L of Wight.

LIQUIDNESS. Jloisture. Paisgraee.

LIQUOR. To oil, or anoint. Gtoiic.

LIQUORY-STICK. The plant rest-harrow.

LIRE. (1) Flesh; meat. (.-l.-S.) Swynes lire.
Ord. and Reg. p. 442. Lyery, abounding
with lean flesh. North.

(2) Face ; countenance. (J.-S.)

Hir coloure fulle white it es.
That lufly in lyre.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 132.
So bytterly sche wepyd withall.
By hyre lyres the terys gon fall.

3IS Ashmole 61, f.67.

(3) To plait a shirt. Line. Perhaps connected
with the old word lire, fringe or binding of
cloth.

LIRICUMFANCY. The May lily.

LIRIPOOPS. An appendage to the ancient
hood, consisting of long tails or tippets, pass-
ing round the neck, and hanging down before
reaching to the feet, and often jagged. The
terra is often jocularly used by writers of the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. " .\
lirripoop vel lerripoop, a silly empty creature,

LIS

523

LIT

an old ilotani," Milles, MS. Devon Gloss. A
priest was formeriv jocularly termed a lerry-
cum-poop. It seems to mean a trick or stra-
tagem, in the London Prodigal, p. 111.
" And whereas thou takest tlie matter so
farre in snutfe, I will teach thee thy lyrriptips
after another fashion than to be thus male-
pertlie cocking and billing with me, that am
thy govemour," Stanihurst, p. 35.

Theres a girle tliat koowes her IcrHpcope.

Lilly's Mother Bombie, 1594.
LIRK. To crease ; to rumple. North. Perhaps
lo jerk in the following passage. Lirt, to
toss, West, and Cumb. Dial. p. 368.
I lyrke hyme up with my bond,
And pray hyme that he woUe stond.

MS. Piirhingtim 10.

LIRP. (1) To snap the fingers. " A lirp or clack
with ones fingers ends, as barbers doe give,"
Florio, p. 199.
(2) To walk lamely. Somerset.
LIRRY. A blow on the ear. Also, to reprove,

to upbraid. Kent.
LIS. (1) To lose. Arch. xiii. 203.
(2) Forgiveness. Kennett, .MS. Lansd. 1033.
LISER. The Hst or fringe of cloth.
LISH. Active ; strong. North.
LISHEY. Flexible; limber. Kent.
LISK. The same as Lesk, q. v.
LISSE. (1) To case, or reUeve. (A.-S.) See
Hardyng. f. 90; Wright's Lj-ric Poetry, p. 57.
How that they my^le wynne a speche.
Hire wofulle peyne for to litse.

Cower, MS. Soc. .^ntiq. 134, f. 93.
That myjt yow tysae owt of thys peyne.

MS. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 4!).
I have horde of an erbe to ly^a that peyne,
Meneseyth it bereth a doubylle floure.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 46.
Lys me now in my longoure.
And gyfme lysens to lyveinease.

MS. Canlab. Ff. i. 6.

(2) Joy ; happiness ; bliss. {A.-S.)

LISSEN. A cleft in a rock. Glouc. The word

is used by Sir Matthew Ilale, but spelt by him

lisne. It is not in common use.

LISSOM. Excessively Umber or pliable ; light,

nimble, or active. Var. dial.
LISSUM. .\ narrow slip of anytliing. Somerset.
LIST. (1) A list house or room, when sounds
are heard easily from one room to another.
Kent.

(2) Cunning; artifice. (Germ.) "Tech him
alle the listes," Kyng Horn, 239.

(3) " Le molde I'oreille, the lug or list of th'eare,"
Cotgrave, in v. Mol.

(4) A boundary Une. See Twelfth Night, iii. 1.
Topsell, Historic of Serpents, 1608, p. 87,
mentions worms " having a black list or Une
running along their backs."

(5) The close dense streak which sometimes ap-
pears in heavy bread. West.

(6) The flank. North. " A hst of pork, a bony
piece cut from the gammon," Kennett, MS.

(7) The selvage of wootlen cloth. It is also
called Usten. " Porigo, a lystynge," Nominale

MS. This is a variation of our fourth meaning.
Anything edged or bordered was formerly
said to be listed. " A targe listed with gold"
is mentioned in Gy of Warwike, p. 312.
LISTE. To please. {A.-S.) Also a substantive,
pleasure, inchnation. Hence meat-list, ap-
petite. Devon.
3e that liste has to lylh, or lufies for to here.

Mm-le Arthnre, MS. Lincoln, (.53.

LISTEN. To attend to. Shot.

LISTLY. Quick of hearing. East. Also,

easily, distinctlv.
LISTO'W. Liest'thou. Weier.
LISTRE. A person who read some part of the

church service. (A.-S.)
LISTRI.NG. Thickening. North.
LISTY Strong; powerful. North. " Listy

mene and able," Liucoln MS. f. 3.
LIT. To colour, or dye. North. " He'U lie

aU manner of colours but blue, and that is

gone to the Utting," Upton's MS. additions

to Junius.

We use na clathes that are littede of dyverse co-

loures: oure wiffes neare nojtegayly arayed for to

pleseus. its. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 33.

LITANY-STOOL. A small low desk at which

the Litanv was sung or said.
LITARGE. ' White le'ad. (.^.-.V.)
LITE. (1) Few ; Utile. North. " Litlum and

Utlum," by Utile and httle. Piers Ploughman,

p. 329, an .A^nglo-Saxon phrase.

(2) To depend upon, or rely. Line.

(3) Strife. Towneley Mysteries, p. 71.

(4) To hinder, tarrv, or delay. (^.-5.)
LITEN. A eardeii. North.
LITERATURE. Learning. (Lot.)

Worshypfull maysters, ye shall understand
Is 10 you that have no lilteralure.

The Pardoner and the Frere, 1533.

LITH. (1) A body. {A.-S.)
(2) Possessions ; property. " Lond ne lith," a
common phrase in earlv poetrv. See Langtoft,
p. 194; Sir Tristrem,'p. 220; W. JIapes, p.
341 ; Havelok, p. 239.
^3) Alighted. Sewn Sages, 571.
LITHE. (1) To tell"; to relate.

Lystenyth now to my talkynge
Of whome y wylle yow lyihe.

MS. Canlab. Ff. U. 38, f. 82.

(2) A Umb, or joint. {A.-S.)

Fendys bolde, with crokys kene,
Rente hys body fro lyth to lythe.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 49.
Hur sonethat than dwellyd hur wyth.
He was mekylle of boon and lyth.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 74.
Was never arowe that greved hym,
Ne that hym towched lythe nor lyme.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 128.

(3) Tender ; mild ; gentle ; agreeable ; glad.
Also, gladly, tenderly. " Lithe, calm, quiet,"
Kennet. It is used in different shades of
meaning, implving softness. Alleviation, com-
fort, Havelok, 1338.

Sche tokeup hur sone to hur,
And lapped hyt fulle lythe.

MS. Cantab. Ff. il. 38, f. 74.

LIT

524

LOA

(4) Supple ; pliant. Var. dial. " Lythe, delyver,
souple," Palsgrave. Also, to soften, to render
lithe or supple.

(5) To thicken. Kennett, MS. Broth is said to
be lithened when mixed with oatmeal.

(6) Obsequious ; humble. North.
LITHER. (1) Wicked. (^.-5.) Still used in

the North, meaning idle, la:y.
How they whanne wyth were wyrchippis many,
Sloughe Lucyus the tythyre, that lorde was of Rome.
Morte Jrthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 53.
(2) Supple ; limber ; pliant. Soul ft. It is not

an uncommon archaism.
LITHERNESS. Idleness. North.

Idlenesse, moste delectable to the fleshe, which

deliteth above measure in sloth, lirfisrnesse, cea'iiiig

from occupation. ^'orthbrooke's Treatise, 1577.

LITHESOME. Gay; cheerful. Yorish.

LITHE\V.\LE. The herb gromwell.

LITHE-WURT. The plant forget-me-not. Tlie

term is still sometimes used.
LITHLICHE. EasUy. (J.-S.)
LIT-HOUSE. A. dyeing house. North.
LITIIY. (1) Pliant ; supple. South.
(2) Hea\7, warm, applied to the weather.
LITIGIOUS. Injurious. Var. dial
LITLING. Very little. Chaucer.
LITLUS. The same as Little-house, q. v.
LITSTER. A dyer. It is translated by tinctor
in the Nominale MS. Lyttesters, York Re-
cords, p. 235.

Tak the greia of the wyoe that mene f\Tidis in the
tounaes, that litscers and goldsmythes uses.

JUS. Line. lied. f. 313.
LITT. A sheep-cot. Somerset.
LITTEN. A church-yard. South. Ray has

liten, a garden, q. v.
LITTER. (1) Nonsense. Somerset.
(2) To litter up, or down, to put bedding under

the horses. West.
LITTERMAN. A groom. JTarw.
LITTLE-.\-DOW. Worthless. Northumb.
LITTLE-EASE. The pillory, stocks, or bilboes.
Also, a smaU apartment in a prison where the
inmate could have very little ease. " A streite
place in a prisone called littell ease," Elyot,
1559, in V. .4rca. The little ea.se at Guildhall,
where unruly apprentices were confined, is
frequently mentioned by our earlv writers.
LITTLE-FLINT-COAL. A thin measure of coal,

the nearest to the surface. JTest.
LITTLE-HOUSE. A privy. Var. dial.
LITTLE-MASTER. A schoolmaster. Baber.
LITTLE-SILVER. A low price. East.
LITTLEST. Least. Common in the provinces,

and sanctioned bv Shakespeare.
LITTLE-WALE. The herb gromwell.
LITTOCKS. Rags and tatters. Berts.
LITTY. Light ; active ; nimble. West.
LIVAND. Living. Chaucer.
LIVE. (1) Life. (A.-S.) On live, alive. Lives
creatures, living creatures. Hoes body, &c.
So fayre jit never was figure,
Ryjt as a tyvii creature.

GOKJer, its. Soc. Aniiq. 134, fol. 105.

(2) To lire under, to be tenant to. To live up-
right, to retire from business.

(3) Fresh, as honey, &c. Somerset.
LnT:LIHOOD. Liveliness ; activity. Shai.
LIVELODE. Income ; livehhood. Also, a pen-
sion, largess, or dole to soldiers.

LIVELY. Fresh ; gay ; neat. North. It is so
used in Davies' Rites, 1672, p. 8. Sometimes,
living.

LIVER. (1) To deliver. North.

And to his men he lit-erd hym hole and feere.

SIS. Lansdowne 2U8, f. 5.

(2) Quick : active ; lively. Palsgrave.

LIVER.iNCE. A delivery. North.

LIVERED. Heavy, or underbaked. South.

LIVEREDE. Red'. Rob. Glouc. p. 39.

LIVERING. A kind of pudding made of liver,
and rolled up in the form of a sausage. " Two
blodvnges, I trow, a lereryng betwene,"
Tow'neley Myst. p. 89. N. Fairfa.\, Bulk and
Selvedge 167-1, p. 159, mentions liverings.

LIVERS.AD. Caked and matted together, ap-
plied to ground. North.

LIVERSICK. A hangnail. South.

LIVERY. (1) -A. badge of any kind; the uniform
given by a baron or knight to his retainers in
battle. Hence the different regiments or
parts of an army were termed hveries. " In
iche levere," Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln,
f. 85. The term is used in a variety of senses,
and may be generally explained as any grant
or allowance at particular seasons. " Cor-
rodium, leveraye," Nominale MS. " One
that bestowes a livery, or cast of his wit,
upon every one he sees," Cotgrave, in v.
Donne-Lardon.

like nyghte to tyver^
Bathe corne and haye.

MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. 134.

(2) Delivery. A common law term. Livery of
seisin is the delivery of property into pos-
session. To sue one's livery, to issue the
writ which lay for the heir to obtain the seisin
of his lauds from the King.

(3) Stickv ; adhesive. South.
LIVERY'-CUPBOARD. An open cupboard with

shelves, in which the hveries intended for
distribution were placed,
LIVING. A farm. Leic.
LIVING-DEAR-ENE. An excl. of distress.
LIVISH. Lively.

If there were true and livish faith, then would
it work love in their hearts.

Becon's Works, 1843, p. 37.
LIXOM. Amiable. Heref.
LIZENED. Shrunk, as com. Sussex.
LIZZAH. An\1hing easily bent. West.
LIZZY. Elizabeth. Var. dial.
LI5T. Little. See Lite.

Fel,iW, he seid, herkyii a U^t,
And on myne errand go thou tyte.

MS. Canlab. Ft. T. 48, f. 52
LO. A large pond. Yorish.
LOACH. A term of contempt for a fool. It

occurs in Peele's Jests, p. 26.
LOADED. Bloated. Devon.

LOB

LOG

LOADS. The ditches for draining away the
water from the fens. Load-stone, a leading-
stone for drains.

It was by a law of sewers decreed that a new
drajTi or iode should be made and maintained from
the end of Chaiincelors tode unto Tylney Smethe.

Dugdale's Imbankhig, p. 275.

LOADY. Heavy. Loady-nut, a double nut.

LOAK. k small quantity. North.

IjOAL. To mew like a cat. Yorksh.

LOAMY. Damp. Suffolk. Loamie, Topsell's
Beasts, p. 495, coloured like loam .'

I,0.\N. A lane, or passage. Nortti.

LOANING. (1) A lane. (2) A place near a til-
lage for milking cows. \ort/t.

LO.\ST. A wheel-rut. Susser.

LOB. ( 1 ) To throw gently. Sussex,

(,2) A very laree lump. Line.

(3) To kick. ^East .4ngna.

{i) To hang down ; to droop. Still in use in
Somerset, according to Jennings, p. 53. To
lob along, to walk loungingly.

(5) A clown ; a clumsy fellow. " A blunt coun-
trie lob," Staaihurst, p. 17. In Somer-
setshire, the last person in a race is called
the lob.

(6) That part of a tree where it first divides into
branches. Beds.

(7) To cast or throw. Durham.

(8) A verv large taw. Hants.
LOBB.ATING. Large ; unnieldv. West.
LOBBING. Tumult ; uproar.

What a lobbing makest thou.
With a twenty Devill !

Ma, iage t}/ Witt and Wl^dume, 1^7i*.

LOBBS. Irregtilar veins of ore. Also, stairs
under-ground for the miners.

LOBCOCK. Alubber. -A very common term of
contempt. " Baligaut, an unweldie lubber,
great lobcocke," Cotgrave. See Jacke of
Dover, p. 49; Hawkins, iii. 32; Roister Doister,
p. 39 ; Cotgrave, in v. Disme.
Much better were the hbcvck lost then wonne,
Unlesse he knew how to behave hiraselfe.

The Movt-Trap, 161)6.

LOBKIN. A house, or lodging. Grose.

LOBLOLLY. Thick spoon meat of any kind. It
is thus mentioned by Markham: — "Ifyourost
a goose and stop her belly with whole greets
beaten together with egges, and after mi.\t
with the gravy, there cannot be a more better
or pleasanter sawce ; nay if a man be at sea in
any long travel he cannot eat a more pleasant
or wholesome meat than these whole grits
boyled in water till they burst, and then mixt
with butter and so eaten with spoons, which
though seamen call simply by the name of
loblolly, yet there is not any meat, however
significant the name be, that is more tooth-
some or wholesome."

LOBS-COURSE. A dish composed of small
lumps of meat mLxed up with potatoes and
onions, seasoned, and made into a kind of
solid stew. It is mentioned in Peregrine
Pickle, and is still common.

LOB'S-POUND. An old jocular term for a

prison, or any place of confinement. The tertr.
is stiU in use, and is often applied to the
juvenile prison made for a child between the
feet of a grown-up person.

LOBSTER. The stoat. East.

LOBSTERS. Young soles. Suffolk.

LOBSTROUS-LOUSE. A wood-louse. North.

LOBURYONE. A snail. Pr. Pan.

LOBY. A lubber, or looby, q. v.

LOC.\L. A local preacher is a dissenting cler-
gyman who preaches at ditferent places.

LOCAND. Looking. Lydgate.

LOCH. (1) A lake. North.

(2) The rut of a cart-wheel. Sussex.

(3) A cavity in a vein. Derb.

(4) A place to lay stone in. It is spelt looch in
ArchcBologia, x. 72.

LOCK. (1) A lock of hay or wool is a small
quantity of it hanging together, a bundle of
hay, a fleece of wool. It occurs in Palsgrave,
and it is still in use.

(2) To move the fore-wheels of a waggon to and
fro. Devon. A waggon is said to lock when
it is drawn out of its rectUinear motion, so
that the fore-wheels make an angle with the
hinder ones.

(3) To be at lock, to be in a difficulty. Lock
was any close place of confinement.

(4 ) .\ puddle of water. Heref.

(5) To grapple. A term in fencing or wTestUng,
used by Gosson, 1579.

LOCKBANDS. Binthng-stones in masonry.

LOCKCHEST. A millepe or wood-louse. I
have heard this terra in Oxfordshire, and it
may probably be used in other counties.
" Lokdore, wyrme, or locchester, multipes,"
Pr. Parv. p. 311. [Since writing the above,
I have made more particular inquiries, and as
I find the word is not in common use, I take
the opportunity of substantiating the correct-
ness of my explanation by stating that I am
informed by the Rev. Henry Walker of Bletch-
ington, CO. Oxon, that a gardener in his employ
used to call the wood-louse lockchester, which
is precisely the term found in the Prompto-
rium.]

LOCKED. (1) Faced, as cards are. North.

(2) Caught ; fixed ; appointed.

LOCKER. (1) .V small cupboard or closet ; an
inner cupboard within a larger one. A draw er
under a table or cupboard is still so termed.

(2) Pieces of wood which support the roof of a
pit. Salop.

(3) To entangle ; to mat together. North.
LOCKERS. Wooden cells for pigeons fixed to

the outer walls of houses. Oxon.

LOCKET. The same as Chape. (2)

LOCK-FURROW. A fiurow ploughed across
the balks to let off the water. South.

LOCKING. The hip-joint. Somerset.

LOCKRAM. A kind of cheap linen, worn chiefly
by the lower classes. There was a finer sort,
of which shirt-bands, &c. were made.

A wrought wastcoate on her backe. and a lockram
smocke worth three pence, as well rent behind as
before, I warrant you. Slaroccus Extaticu*, 1595.

LOF 52fi

TOCKRCil. Gibberish; nonsense. Beiis.
LOCKS-AND-KEYS. Ash-kevs. West.
LOCKS-AND-UCE. A kind of cloth.
LOCK-SPIT. A small cut with a spade to show

the direction in which a piece of laud is to be

divided bv a new fence.
LOCUSTS.' Cockchafers; beetles. North.
1.0D. Load; cargo. (J.-S.)
LODAM. An old game at cards, mentioned in

Taylor's Motto, 12mo. Lond. 1622, sig. D. iv;

Hawkins, iii. 203 ; .\rch. viii. 149. One way

of playing the game was called losing-lodam.

" Coquimberf qui gaigitc pert^ a game at cards

like our loosing lodam," Cotgrave.
LODDEN.

But had I thought he'd been so lodden

Of his bak'd, fry'd, boil'd, roast and sodden.

Cotton's Wurhn^ 1734, p. 156.

LODE. (1) A leaning-waU. Glouc.

(2) A regular vein of metal ore.

(3) A ford. Dean Mines' MS.

(4) Guidance; behaviour? Gatcayne.
LODEMANAGE. PUotage. See Lydgate's

Minor Poems, p. 152; Hartshome. p. 131.
Courts of Lodemanage are held at Dover for
the appointment of the Cinque Port pilots.
Mariners that bene discrete and sage.
And experte bene of here ludemana^f.

M.S. Digbi/,2311.

LODEMEN. Carters; carriers. NominaleMS.

LODE-PLOT. A flat lode. See Lode (2).

LODERS. The same as Lode-men, q. v.

LODE-SHIP. A kind of fishing-vessel, men-
tioned in an earlv statute. See Blount.

LODESMEN'. Pilots; guides. {A.-S.)

LODESTAR. The pole-star. Shak. It is a
very common archaism.

LODE-M'ORKS. Metal works in high places
where shafts are sunk very deeply. Cormv.

LODEWORT. The plant water-crowfoot.

LODGE. (1) X meeting or convention of the
society of freemasons.

(2) To entrap an animal. Line.

(3) A htmtingtenn. See Hunting, sect. 3.
LODGED. Said of grass or com beaten down

bv wind or rain. JVest.
LODLY. Loathly. See Tundale, p. 24.
He shalhim travaile dayandnijt,
And lodly his body dijt.

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 40.

LODOLLY. A diminutive giri. West.
LOEGRI.\. England. This name is sometimes
found in old works, and is taken from Geoffrey
of Monmouth.
LOEMGE. Praising .'

To hewe and brenne in thy service,
To henge of thy sacrifise.

Cower, MS. See. Antiq. 134, f. 113.
LOERT. (1) Lord ; sir, but this title was applied

to both sexes. Derb.
(2) To travel quickly. Devon.
LOFF. (1) Low. Loffer, lower. Var. dial.

(2) To offer. West, and Cumb. Dial. p. 3CS.

(3) To laugh. It occiu's in the tale of Mother
Hubbard, and is a genuine old form.

LOFT. (1) On loft, on high, a-loft. {A.-S.)

LOI

j (2) An upper chamber. North. " The third
I loft," Acts. XX. 9.

(3) Lofty. Surrey, quoted by Nares.

(4) The floor of a room. Spenser.
LOFTY. Massive ; superior. Derb.
LOG. (1) To oscillate. Coniw.
(2) A perch in measure. Wilts.
LOG-BURX. An open drain rtmning from a

sink or j.ikes. Jl'est.
LOGE. (1) A lodge, or residence. (A.-N.)
He h.iswith hym ^ong men thre,
Thei be archers of this contie
The kyng to serve at wille.
To kepe the dere bothe day and nvjt ;
And for theire luf a loge is djjt
Fuile hye upon an hille.

SIS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, i.i'J.
(2) Laughed. Wright's Seven Sages, p. 107.
LOGGATS. An old game forbidden by statute
in Henry VIII.'s time. It is thus played,
according to Steevens. A stake is fixed in
the ground ; those who play throw loggats at
it, and he that is nearest the stake wins.
Logyats or loggets are also small pieces or
logs of wood, such as the country people
throw at fruit that cannot otherwise be
reached. '-Loggats, httle logs or wooden
pins, a play the same with nine-pins, in which
boys, however, often made use of bones instead
of wooden pins," Dean Milles' MS.
LOGGEN. To lodge, or reside. {A.-N.)
LOGGER. (1) The same as Hobble (2).
(2) The irregular motion of a wheel round its

axle. Suffolk.
LOGGERllE.U). (1) The large tiger moth.

North.
(2) A blockhead. See Florio, p. 69. To go to

loggerheads, to fight or squabble.
LOGGIN. A btmdle, or lock. North.
LOGGING. A lodging. Chaucer.
LOGGY. Thickset, as cattle. West.
LOGH. A lake. See Anturs of Arther, p. 2 ;

Holinshed, Conq. Ireland, p. 23.
LOGHE. Laughed. See Lughe.
Than sir Degrevaunt toehe
Ther he stode undir the bnghe.

MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17. f. 133.
Then loogh oure kyng and smyled stille,
Thou onsweris me not at my wille.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 47.
There-att alle the kynges loghe.
There was joye and g.amene y-noghe
Amonges thame in the hauUe !
The kynge of Frauiice with hert ful fayne.
Said, Clement, brynge the mantils agayne.
For 1 Salle paye for al le.

Octavian, Lincoln MS.
LOGHER. Lower. Fob. Glmic,
LOGHT. Taken away ?

The fierth case esgode or oght»
That he fro holy k>Tk has h^he.

Hampolfi, MS. BoweSf p. 7.

LOINED. Covered. See Harrison, p. 232.

This appears to be another form of line.
LOITERS ACKE. A lazy loitering fellow.

I f the loitersacke be gone springing into a taverne,
lie fetch him reeling out-

Lilly's Slather Bombie, 1394.

LOM

O'J/

LOX

LOKE. (1) To see ; to look upon ; to guard, or
take care of. (^.-S.)

(2) A private road or path. East.

(3) Locked ; shut up. li'eber.

(4) The wicket or hatch of a door.
LOKEDES. Ornaments for the head?

And than the same develle tok wonnes. and pykk,
and tarre, and made loked^g, and sett thame appone
hirhade. MS. Liw^ln k, i. 17, f. 253.

LOKER. A carpenter's plane. Line.
LOKINGIS. Looks.

Forth with his pitous /oAj/n^,
He wolde make a womman wene
To gon upon the fayre grene.

Oouer, 3IS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 42.

LOKKEDEN. Locked.

They wanne with moche woo the walles withinne,
Menelepen toanoneand Inkkeden thejates.

MS. Con. Calig. .\. ii. f. 115.
LOLL. (1) To fondle ; to dandle. Nortft.
He loird her in his arms.
He lull'd her on bis breast.

North Country Ballad.

(2) A pet ; a spoilt child. Ojcon.

(3) To box one's ears.
LOLLARDS. Heretics. The followers of

Wickliffe were termed Lollards or LoUers, but
the term was in use long before the time of
that distinguished reformer. It was commonly
used as one of reproachfor religious hypocrites.
A loUer is thus described by Audelay, —
Lef thou me a loUer his dedis thai wyl hym deme,

5if he withdraue his deut^ from holtj cherche away.
And wyl not worchip thecros, on hym take good eme.
And here his matyns and his masse upon the haieday.
And belevys not in the sacrement, that bit is God
veray,
And wyl not schryve him to a prest on what deth
he dye.
And settis nojt be the sacramentis sothly to say.
Take him fore a UjUer y tel jou treuly.
And false in his fay ;
Deme hym after his saw,
Bot he wyl hym withdrawe.

Never fore hym pray.
LOLLIGOES. Idle fellows. MUles' MS.
LOLLIKER. The tongue. Somerset.
LOLLIPOP. A coarse sweetmeat made of

treacle, butter, and flour. Var. dial.
LOLLOCK. A lump, or large piece. Korth.
LOLLOP. To louuge, or loll about iiUy. Hence

lollops, a slattern. Var. dial.
LOLL-POOP. (1) AlazyidlefeUow. (2) a coax-
ing wheedling chdd. Suffolk. Called lolly,
pot in Somerset.
LOLLY-BANGER. Very thick gingerbread,

enriched by raisins. Somerset.
LOLLY-COCK. A turkey-cock. Devon.
LOLLY'-SWEET. Lusciously sweet. Ea.'^t.
LOLOKE. To look. Possibly an error of the

scribe in MS. Sloane 213 for kike.
LOMBARD. A banker. The ItaHan bankers
who settled in this country in the middle-ages
gave the name to Lombard-street. See a
curious notice of Lombards in Arch. xxix. 28b.
LOMBARD-FEVER. A fit of idleness.
LOMBREN. Lambs. Reliq. Antiq. i. 264.
LOME. (1) Frequently. " Oft and lome,"

Octovian, 1944; Ritson's Ancient Songs, i. r2.
A common phrase in old English.

And with his mowthe he cust hit oft and tome.

Chron. VUodun. p. 98

(2) A weaver's loom. Palsgrave.

(3) An instrument, or weapon ; a household
utensil. It seems to be some kind of vessel
in Holinshed, Hist. England, i. 194 ; Reliq.
Antiq. i. 54. " Loom, any uteusU, as a tub,"
Grose. Still in use.

I se never a wars tome

Stondyngeoponemone. MS.Porkington in.

LOMERE. More frequentlv. (A.-S.)
LOMEY. A spoilt child. 'Devon.
LOJIMAKIX. (1) Love-making. Heref.
(2) Very large ; clumsv. / ar. dial.
LOMPER. (1) To idle. (2) To walk heavilv.
LOMPY. Thick; clumsy; fat. Kent.
LON'CHE. A loud noise. Pr. Pare.
LOXCHIXG. " Quasi launching, citato gradu

et passibus ingentibus incedens," Milles' MS.
LOND. (1) Land. {.-I.-S.) In lond, on tlie

ground. God of lond. Lord of the world.
(2) To clog with dirt. East.
LOXDAGE. Landing. " AwaytjTige upon his

londage," Mort d'Arthiu-, ii. 433'.
LOXD-BUGGERE. A buyer of land. {A.-S.)
LOXDENOYS. A Londoner. Chaucer.
LO\D-EVIL. The epilepsy. It is misread

loud eiiel in the Archsologia, xxx. 410
LONDON-FLITTING. The removal of parties

by stealth before the landlord is paid.
LOXDREIS. Londoners. Hearne.
LONE. (1) Lone-uoman, a woman unmarried,

or without a male protector. Lonely woman,

a widow, Hailamsh. Gloss, p. 61. Lone-man.

a man liring unmarried by himself. The first

of these phrases is used by Shakespeare.

( 2) The palm of the hand.

(3) A lodging-house. Somerset.

(4) A supplication for alms. Deeon.
LONG. (1) Two breves in music.

(2) Lotig homed one, a native or inhabitant of
Craven. A long hundred, sLx score. Lotig
length, at full length. Long last, at length,
in the end. /;; the long ruti, ibid. Long
streaked, at full length. A long u-ay, much.
By long and by late, after a long time and
trouble. To lie in the long feathers, to sleep
on straw. For the long lane, when a thing is
borrowed without any intention of repayment.
Long in the mouth, toua;h.

(3) Tall. Isumbras, 13, 258.

(4) To belong ; to belong to. (A.-S.)

(5) To long for ; t« desire. Chaucer.

(6) Great. See Forby, ii. 200. This meaning
is also given by Grose.

(7) Tough to the palate. East.

(8) 'To reach ; to toss. Suffolk.
LONGART. The tail or end-board of a cart or

waggon. Chesh.
LONG-BOWLIXG. The game of skittles. It

is described by Strutt, p. 269.
LOXG-BULLETS. A game played by casting

stones in the North of England.
LONG-CRIPPLE. The specUed viper. Deio,,.

LON

52S

LOO

LONG-CROWN. A deep fellow. " That caps
Long-Crown, and he capped the Deril," A
Lincobishire saying in reference to a great
falsehood.
LONG-DOG. A greyhound. J'tti: dial.
LONGE. Lungs.

With hys swyrde the bore he stonge
Thorow Ihelyvyrand ihelougp.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 100.
LONGFULL. Long ; tedious. Var. dial.
LONG-HOME. To go to one's long home, i. e.
to depart this life.

Ami thy traveyle shalt thou sone ende.

For to thy /t»»^ home sone shalt thou wende.

MS. Had. l/iil.f. 61.
LONGING-MARKS. The indelihle marks on
the skins of children. See Digby of Bodies,
1669, p. 425.
LONG-LADY. A farthing-candle. East.
LONG-LANE. The throat. Var. dial.
LONG-LIFE. The milt of a pig. Line.
LONG-OF. Owing to.

Petur, sche seyde, thoumyjt welle see
Hyt was long of my keyes and not on me.

,V.S. Caulab. Ff . ii. 38, f. 132.
I have spyed the false felone,
Ashestondes at his masse:
Hit is long of the. seide the munke,
And ever he fro us passe.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 127.
Al.isse, why dost thou me suspect

Of such a haynoiis cryme ?
It was not long f>/me, in faith.
That I went at this time.

Gaulfrido and Bai-nardo, 1570.
LONG-ONE. A hare. Var. dial.
LONG-OYSTER. The sea cray-fish.
LONG-SETTLE. A long wooden seat, with
back and arms, somewhat like a sofa. " Sedile,
a lont;setvlle," Nominale MS.
LONGSOME. Tedious, far. dial.
LONG-TAILED-C.\PON. The long-tailed tit-
mouse. South.
LONG-T.\ILS. Xn old nick-name for the
natives of Kent. See Howell's English Pro-
verbs, p. 21; Musarum Delicife, 1656. p. 7.
In the librarv- of Dulwich College is a printed
broadside, entitled, " .advice to the Kentish
long-lails by the wise n.en of Gotham, in
answer to their late sawcy petition to the
Parliament," fol. 1701.

Truly, sir, sayd my hoastesse, I thinke we are
called hongtaylei, by reason our tales are long,
that we use to passe the time withall, and make our
selves merry. Now, good hoastesse, sayd 1, let me
entreat from you one of those tales. Vou shall
(sayd shee), and that shall not be a common one
neither, for it is a long tale, a merry tale, and a
sweete tale ; and thus it beginnes.

Rabin Condfetlow, his Mud Prankes, 1628.
LONG-TO. Distant from. Var. dial.
LONG-TONGUE. A tale-teller. "A long-
tongued knave, one that uttereth all he
knowes," Florio, p. 17.
LONGUT. Longed; desired. (.-/.-S.)
The kyng red the letturs anon.

And seid. So mot I the,
Thcr was never joman in mery Ingland

I longut so sore to s»e. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f.l30.

LONG-WAYS. Lengthways. South.
LONGWORT. Pellitory of Spain.
LONIR. A blanket. Devon.
LONK. (1) The hip-joint. Herrf.

(2) A small dingle ; a hollow. West.

(3) Long; tedious. North.

(4) A Lancashire man. A sheep bred in that
county is also so called.

LONNING. X lane, or by-road. North.

LONT-FIGS. Dried figs. Somerset.

LOO. Utider the loo, the leeward. To loo, to
shelter from the wind. Kent.

LOOBS. Slime containing ore. Deri.

LOOBY. A silly awkward fellow. " Long-
backt, or ill-shaped, loobie," Cotgrave.

LOOED. Supplaiited ; superseded. West.

LOOF. To bring a vessel close to the wind,
now pronounced luff by seamen. It occurs
in Wendover's Chronicle. " Louffe you from
him," Bourne's Inventions or Devises, 1578.

LOOINDY^. Sullen ; mischievous. North.

LOOK. (1) To weed corn. Cumb.

(2) To loot as big as bull beef, to look very stout
and hearty, bull beef having been formerly
recommended to those who desired to be so.
you look, you may well look, you are greatly
surprised. To look at the nose, to frowu, to
look out of temper. Lookee d'ye see, look ye !
do vou see .•' a common phrase for drawing
one's attention to any object. To look on, to
regard with kindness and consideration. To
look sharp, to be quick, to make baste.

(3) To look for ; to expect. North.

(4) To behold. Kennett says, " in some parts
of England they still say, loke, loke."

LOOK-ABOUT- YE. An old game mentioned
in Tavlor's Motto, 12mo. Loud. 1622.sig. D. iv.
LOOKER. (1) -A. weeding-hook. North.

(2) A shepherd or herdsman. South.
LOOM. (1) To appear larger than in reahty, as

things often do when at sea.
{2) A chimnev. Durham.

(3) The track' of a fish. TJ'est.

LOON. Xn idle fellow ; a rascal ; a country

clown ; a low dirty person. Var. dial.
LOOP. (1) A length of paling. East.

(2) The hinge of a door. North.

(3) To melt and run together in a mass, said of
iron ore. A mining term.

(4) A gap in the paUng of a park made for the
convenience of the deer.

(5) A loop-hole ; a nanow window.
LOOR. To stoop the head. North.
LOOS. Honour ; praise. (A-.S.)

LOOSE. (1) To discharge an arrow from the
string ; to let off any projective weapon. It
is still in use, according to Salopia Antiq. p.
491. " I spyed hym behynde a treeredy to
loicse at me with a crosbowe," Palsgrave.

(2) To be at a loose end, to be very idle. Loo.^e-
ended, lewd. Loose hung, unsteady. " EJilt',
weakened or loose-hangled," Cotgr-.ve. To
be loosed, out of service or apprenticeship.
Loose ladder, a loop slipped down in a stocking.

(3) Indecent- as language. Var. dial.

LOP

329

LOR

(4) The privilege of tiirning out cattle on com-
mons. Xort/i.
LOOT. A thin ohlong square board fixed to a
statF or handle, used in boiling brine to re-
move the scum. Staff.
LOOTH. The same as Loo, q. v.
LOOVER. An opening at the top of a dove-cote.

North. See Lover (2).
LOOVEYD. Praised. Ritson.
LOOVETXG. Praise ; honour.

That was a feyre tokenynge
Of pees and of looveyng.

its. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. ICJ,

LOOZE. A pig-stye. West.

LOO5. Laughed. " At hvm ful fast thei loo;,"

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f.'oS.
LOP. (1) A flea. North. {A.-S.)

Ys joy y-Dow so ye your lyggys streyne.
Ye lade longe-sydyde as a loppe.

MS. Fairfax 16.
(2^ To lollop or lomige about. Kent.

(3) To hang loosely ; to hang down, or droop.
Var. dial.

(4) The faggot wood of a tree.
LOPE. Leapt. Also, to leap. It seems to be

a subst. in the second example.
Assone as thechylde had spoke.
The fende ynto hym was lope.

J/S. Hai-;. 1701, f 40.
Tyme goth fast, it is full lyght of lope.
And ID abydyDg men seyn iher lyghte hope.

MS. Raul. Poet. 118.

LOP-EARED. Ha\iag long pendulous ears like

a hound. Var. dial.
LOPEX. Leapt. See the Sevyn Sages, 739.
Whan thymouthe with shryfte ys opuu
Deth and synne are bothe oute lopun.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 7fl.
The portar set the yatys opon.
And with that Befyse ys owt lopon.

ilS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 108.
Anoon was al that feire gederynge
Lopen undir oure lordes wynge.

Cursor Mundi, MS. 0>U. Trm. Cantab, f. 111.
Sythen he ys topen on hys stede,
He with hyni Harrawde dud lede.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 154.
LOPE-STAFF. A leaping-stafl". '■ A lope-stafl'e

•wherewith men leape ditches," Cotgrave.
LOPIRD. Coagulated. Still in use. See Forby,
Brockett, Grose, Kennett, &c.
Thare he fande none other fode.
Bot wlateaome glcte and lopird blude

MS. Li:,coln A. 1. 1", f. 276.
Thare dwelled a man in a myrke donjowne,
-And in a fowle stede of corrupcyowne,
Whare he had no fode,
Bot wlatsome glette and h.pyrd blode.

Hampote, MS. Bttwes, p. -25.
LOP-LO.\CH. The leech used by surgeons for

drawing blood. North.
LOPLOLLY. A lazv fellow. IVest.
LOPPING. Lame. Dorset.
LOP-SIDED. One-sided. Var. dial.
LOP-START. The stoat. Ea«l. It is men-

tioned in Harrison's England, p. 230.
LOPUSTER. A lobster.
LOPWEBBE. A spider's web. {A.-S.)

As a lt,pii<ebbe fileth fome and gnattis.
Taken and sufTrcn gret files go.

Occleve, MS. Soc. Antia. 134, f. W
LOQUINTUE. Eloquent. Weber.
LORD. (1) A title of honour given to monks

and persons of superior rank. {A.-S.)
(2) Lord have mercy upon vs was formerly the
inscription on houses infected with the
plague. Lord have mercy tipon me, a disease
thus mentioned in the Xomenclator, "the
Illiake passion, or a paiue and wringing in the
small guts, which the homelier sort of phisi-
cians doe call, Lorde have mercy upon me."
LORDEYX. See Fner-Lurden. " The hu-ey-
fever, idleness," Craven Glossary, p. 304.
I trow he was infecte certeyn
With the faitour, or the feier lordeyn.

MS. Raul. C. 86, xv. Cent.
LORD-FEST. Excessively lordlv. (^.-5)
LORDIXGS. Sirs ; masters. {.-I.'-S.) It is often

used by later writers in contempt.
LORD-OF-MISRULE. The person who pre-
sided over the Christmas revels, by no means
an unimportant personage in the olden times.
He began his rule on All-hallow eve and con-
tinued it till Candlemas day. Sec a list of ex-
peuces, dated in 1552, inKempe's Loscley
Manuscripts, pp. 44-54. For further informa'-
tion on the subject, see Brand, i. 272 ; Arch,
xviii, 313-335 ; Hawkins' Enel. Dram. iii. 15G;
Strutt, ii. 200 ; LiUy's Sixe Court Comedies.
I2mo. 1632, sig. F.
LORDS-AXD-LADIES. See Bulls-and-Cows.
LORDSHIP. Supreme power. {A.-S)
LORD-SIZE. The judge at the iissizes.
LORD'S-ROOM. The stage-box in a theatre

was formerly so called. Jonson.
LORDS\^'Y■K. A traitor. Ritson.
LORE. (1 ) Knowledge ; doctrine ; adnce. {A.-S.)
(2) Lost. Still in use in Somerset.

The kyng seid. Take me thy tayle.
For my hors I wolde not the fayle,
A peny that thou lore.

.VS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. ol.
LOREFADY'R. A teacher. Loremastir, Dial.
Great. Jloral. p. 243.

of al men they do most evyl.

Here fcre/arfyr ys thedevyl. MS. Harl. 17(11, f 24.

LOREIXE. A rein. See Launfal, S88.
Hys hreine lemyd alle with pride,
Stede and armure alle was blake.

MS. Harl. 22i2, f. 104.
LOREL. A bad worthless fellow. {.:l..y.)
Lorels den, Holinshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 93.
Code Lorel was formerly a generic title for
a very great rascal. " Lasv lorrels," Harman,
I5C7.
LOREMAR. A bit-maker. Palsgrave. "Lori-

mers or bit-makers," Harrison, p. 97.
LOREXGE. Iron. (,^,-.V.)
LORER. The laurel-tree. Oiaucer.
This Daphne into a lorer ire
Was turnid, whiche is ever grene.

Colter, MS. Soc. .-tnlig. 134, f. <(5.
And plaunted trees that were to prelse.
Of cidre, palme, and of turere.

Curtor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab. (. ij.
34

LOS

530

LOU

LORESMAN. A teacher. (A.-S.)
LORING. Instruction. Spensi^.
LORN'E. Lost ; undone ; destroyed. Still in
use, in the sense of forsaken. Also, to lose
anj-thing.

Thys cawse y telle wele for the.
The OT'tuT of preste he hath lome.

MS. Cantal.. VS. ii. 3a, f. 43.
The stewardys lyfe ys lorne.
There was fewe that rewyd ther on.
And fewe for hytn wepyth.

MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 7*.

LORNYD. Learned.

I can hit wel and perfitely ;
Now have I lornyd a play.

MS. Cantab. Ff. T. 48, f. 34.

LORRE. A dish in ancient cooker>'. It is de-
scribed in MS. Sloaue 1201, f. 23. See also
Reliq. Antiq. i. 81.
LORRIE-UP. A brawl. Northumb.
LORRY. A laurel-tree. Arch. sxx. 368.
LORTY. Dirtv. Northumi.
LOSARD. A coward. Weber.
LOSE. (1) Praise; honour. (2) To praise.
(3) Fame ; report. It is used both in a good and
bad sense. Chmtcer.

There be had grete chy valry.

He slewe hys enemyeswith grete envy,

Grete worde of hym aroos :
In hethennes and yn Spayne,
In Gaskyn and in Almayne
Wyt they of hys loos.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 72.
LOSEL. The same as iore/, q. T. Cocke Lorel
was also called Cocke Losel.
I holde you a grota.
Ye wyll rede by rota.
That he may wete a cota
In Cocke Ltisela bota.

Doclitur Vouhhle Ale, n.d.
LOSEN JOUR. A flatterer ; a liar. (^.-A'.)
What sey men of thes loxer-j'yurs
That have here wurdys feyre as flours.

MS.Haii.iyn, f.24.
LOSERS. " Such losers may have leave to
speak," 2 Henrv' VI. iii. 1. It has escaped
the notice of the commentators that this is a
common proverb. See my notes to the First
Sketches of Henry VI. p. 93. It occurs in
Stephens' Essaves and Characters, 2d ed.
1615, p. 50.
LOSH. To splash in water. North.
LOSSE. The lynx. Reynard, p. 146.
LOSSET. A large flat wooden dish used in the

North of England.
LOSSUM. Lovesome ; beautiful.
LOSSY-B.\G. Lucky-bag. A curious word used
by low pedlars and attendant upon fairs, wakes,
&c. " Come, put into the lossy-bag, and every
time a prize," is the invitation, and the adven-
turer puts a penny or halfpenny into a bag,
and draws out a ticket, which entitles him to
a toy or other article of greater or less value
than his money, according to his luck.
LOST. (1) Famished. Heref.
(2) To be lost, to forget one's self. He loots as if
he had neither lost nor won, i. e. stupid, un-
concerned. This phrase occurs in Ben Jonson.

Lost and won, a redundant idiom, is found in
manv early writers.
LOSTELL. ' The cry of the heralds to the com-
batants that they should return home.
LOT. (1) To allot. (2) To imagine. West.
(3) The shoot of a tree.
(•1) Dues to the lord of the manor for ingress

and egress. A miner's term.
LOTCH. To limp ; to jump. Lane.
LOTE. (1) A tribute. {A.-S.) Ritson, u. 288,
reads lok, not explained in glossary.
In Inglond he arered a lote
Off icbe house that comes smoke.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, (. 99.

(2) A loft ; a floor. South.

(3) Gesture ; aspect. " With grucchande lotes,"
Morte .\rthiu-e, .MS. Line. f. 68.

LOTE BY. A private companion or bedfellow ;
a concubine.

Now 3if that a man he wed a wyfe,

.^nd hym thynke sche plese hym nojt,
.Anon ther rysis care and stryfe ;

He wold here selle that he had bojt.
And schenchypus here that he hath sojt,

.^nd takys to hym a lotebt/.

These bargeyn wyl be dere abo5t,

Here ore henns he sehal aby.

Audelar/'s Poenvi, p. 5.
For almost hyt ys every whore,
.\ gentyl man hath a wyfe and a hore ;
And wyves have now comunly.
Here husbondys and a litdb;/.

MS. Hail. 1701. f.-iO.
But there the wyfe haunteth foly
UndVT here husbunde a hidhi/.

MS. Harl. 1701. (. 12.

LOTH. Loth to depart, the name of a popular
old ballad tune, frequently referred to in old
plavs.

LOTHE. (1) To offer for sale. Kennett gives
this as a Cheshire word.

(2) Harm; hurt ; danger.

Mete and drynkc 1 ;af hem boihe.
And bad hem kepe hem ay fro lothe.

Cursoi- Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Can'.ab. f.31.
Why was God moste with hym wrothe.
For he dyd the pore man lotfte.

MS. Hail. 1701, f. 4.'i.
Hurr twey hostes stoden still and duden no/(*r;i.

CInon. ntodun.p. 92.

(3) Perverse ; hatefid. (.-/.-5.) Lothes, that
which is hateful.

We ar neghtburs I and he.
We were never tutb.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 52.
LOTHER. (1) More hateful. (A.-S.)

(2) To splash in water. Sorth.

(3) UnwilUng. Salop. (J.-S.)
LOTHLY. Loathsome. Chaucer.
LOTIEN. To lav in ambush. {A.-S.)
LOT-TELLER. ' A witch. Maunsell, 1595.
LOTTERY. (1) Witchcraft ; divination.

(2) .\ child's picture or print. Lottery-babs,
juvenile prints.

(3) To go to lottery, i. e. to quarrel.
LOTYNGE. Struggbng ; striving together.
LOU. Laughed. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 275.
LOUCH. To walk slovenly. West.

LOU :/ol

LOUD-AND-STILL. BolAe loude and slille,
always. This is a very common phrase in
old romances.

Thanne it Is guod ^ihe toude and itiile.
Tot to don al his wiile.

MS. Laud. 108, f. 12.
Then wende sche sche schulde be schuute.
And mebe-het londe and rente,

And hyght me to do my wylle,
Buty myselfe woldenoght.
Ye wereevjTin my thoght
Bothe towde and stylte !

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 72.

LOUGH. (1) See Lou. (2) See Loch.
(3) A cavity in a rock. Line.
LOUK. (1) A blow ; a thump. North.

(2) Coarse grass on the moors. Line.

(3) A window lattice. Suffolk.

(4) To put in place. Somerset.
LOUKED. Locked ; fastened.

For thou buriedest Jhesu licame.
In an hous therfore vietouked the.
Cursor Mundi, US. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 1(J8.
LOUKERS. Weeders. Xor'\ " Runcator,

lowker," Xominale MS.
LOUKING. Gawky ;awkwai North.
LOULE. To carry anvthins. I'ar.dial.
LOUilE. Soft ; gentle. Chesh.
LOUN. (1) See Loo. (2) See Loon.
(3) To heat ; to thrasli. North. It is also pro-
nounced launder.
LOUNDER. To run or scamper about. North.
LOUNDREIS. Londoners. Hearne.
LOU.XDSIXG. Lingering. Camb.
LOUXER. A large lump of bread. West.

Brockett has lounge.
LOUNT. .A. small piece of land in a common

field. Cliesh.
LOUP. To leap ; to cover. Loup the lomj

lonnin, leap-frog. North.
LOUPY-DIKE. X term of contempt, appbed

to an imprudent person. North.
LOURAXD. Discontented. Sevyn Sages, 462.
Sir .^moraunt withdrough him
With loure'inn chere wroth and grim.

Cy o/ fVarwike, p. 3211.

LOUKDE. Disagreeable. (^.-.V.)
And lhou5te it was a gret pit^
To sec so lusty one as sche
Be coupUd with so tourde a w^-;te.

ajwer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f 131
LOURDY. Sluggish. Sussex.
LOURE. To lookTdiseontented. (.^.-5.) Lourij-
face, Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 52.
Tydynges of Tryamowre herde he none.
The kyng began to iou-re.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 78.
LOURY. Threatening rain. far. dial.
LOUSE. (1) To take Uce from the person and

garments, as beggars do.
(2) To think ; to consider. South.
LOUSE-TR.-VP. A small tooth-comb.
LOUSH. The same as Losh, q. v.
LOUSTER. (1) To make a clumsy rattlinz

noise ; to work hard. South.
(2) To idle and loll about. Deeon. " Lowtryne
and wandryng," Hyc \Yav to tlie SpvtteU
Hous, p. n.

LOV

LOUTE. (1) To bend ; to bow. (^..S.) " Alle
the erthe lowttede," MS. Morte Arthiire, f. 81.

(2) To lurk. See Lotien. " To sneak and creep
about," .MS. Lansd. 1033.

(3) To low, or bellow.

(4) To loiter, tarrv-, or stay. Hearne.

(5) To neglect. Shakespeare has the word in
this sense, incorrectly explained bv all Ins
editors. See 1 Henry VL iv. 3.

Lowted and forsaken of theym by whom in tj-me
he myght have bene aydcd and relieved.

Hatl, Henry IV.!.,,.

(6) To milk a cow. Liddesdale.
LOV.\XD. Praising. This occurs in .MS.

Cotton. Vespas. D. vu. Ps. 17.
LOVE. (1) To praise. See Lorand. Loteynyes,
praises, .MS. Cott. Yespas. D. vii.
For to Wynne me loveyns
Bothe of emperowreand of kj-nge.

MS Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 152.

(2) To prefer; to choose. East.

(3) " Digitus, a play used in ItaMe, where one
holds up his finger, and the other, turning
away, gives a giiesse how many he holds up :
it is called here, and in France and Spain, the
play of /ore." — Thomasii Dictionarium, 1644.

(4)To set a price on anything. Lowfys, Towndev
Mysteries, p. 177.

(.5) To play for love, without stakes. At whist,
a partj- is two love, three love, &c. when tlieir
adversaries have marked nothing. Lore in
idleness, love and idles, the herb heart's-ease.

LOVE-.A.CHE. The herb lovage.

LOYE-BEGOTTEX-CHILD. A bastard. .Vlso
called a love-begnt, a love-child, S;c.

LOVE-BIXD. The herb travellers'-joy.

LOVE-C.\RTS. Carts lent by one farmer to an-
other. Ouon.

LOVE-D.\Y'. A day appointed for the settle,
meut of differences by arbitration. Later
writers seem to use the term for any quiet
peaceable day.

But belle is fiille of suche discorde.
That ther may be no loveday.

Cotter, MS. Sx. Antiq. 134, f. 37.

LOVE-DREWRY. Courtship. See Drueru.

LOVE-EXTAXGLE. The nigeUa. Cornw.

LOV E-FEAST. An aanual feast celebrated in
some parishes on the Thursday ne.Kt befoi'e
Easter. See Edwards's Old Enghsh Customs,
1842, p. 60.

L0\ EL. A common name formerly for a dog.
According to Stowe, p. 84", William CoUing-
borne was executed in 1484 for writing tlie
following couplet on the king's ministers^
The Ilatte, the Catte, and Lovetl our dogge.
Rule all England under the hogge.

LOVE-LIKIXGE. Graciousness ; peace. {.-J.-S.)

LOVE-LOCKS. Pendant locks of hair, falling
near or over the ears, and cut in a variety of
fasliions. This ridieiUous appendage to the
person is often alluded to hy the writers pre-
vious to the Restoration.

Why should thy sweete loee-locke hang dangling downe,
Kissing thy girdle-stud with falling pride ?

Although thy skin be while, thy haire is browne ;
t»h,let Uut then lliy haire thy beautie hide.

7"/ie Jj/iclionatc .Sheplieu'd, ISiX.

LOW

532

LOZ

LOVELOKER. More lovely. (^.-5.)
LOVE-LONGING. A desire of love. {^.-S.)
LOVE-POT. A drunkard. " To gad abrode a
gossoping, as a pratling love-pot woman,"
Florio, p. 59.
LOVF R. ( n Rather. (A.-S.)

That him was lover fur to chese

His owen body for to lese.

Than see so gret a mordre wroujte.

Gower, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 82.
(2) A turret, lantern, or any apparatus on the
roof of a building for the escape of smoke, or
for other purposes. " Lover, a chimney,"
Hallamsh. Gloss, p. 155. See hoover. It
means an opening in a chimney in Honoria
and Mammon, p. 48. HaU spells it lovery.
" A loover, or tunnell in the roofeortop of a
great hall to avoid smoke," Baret, 1580.
LOVERDINGES. Lords. Hearne.
LOVESO.ME. Lovely. North.

Owre emperour hath a sone feyre,
A loeesome chylde shalle be hys eyre.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 12".
Take tht wyf in thi honde,
Leve je shul this lu/some londe.

Cursor .V/uwrfi, MS. Coll. Trin. Canlab. f. 6.

LOVIER. A lover. Var. dial. Lovien is the

old English verb, to love.
LOVING. Praising. MS. Cott. Vesp. D. vii.
LOVING-CUP. The same as Grace-cup, q. v.
LOVIS. Loaves.

with lovis fyne, thorow his gret foysone,
Fyve thousande y fynde that he dide fede.

Lydgate, MS. Soe. Ahtiq. 134, f. 26.

LOW. (1) Aflame; heat. North. It occurs
in the first sense in MS. Cotton. Vespas. D.
vii. Ps. 28. " Lowe of fyre," Pr. Parv. p. 3S.
" Rayse a grete lowe," MS. Lincoln .4. i. 17,
f. 11. Lowyncje, Degrevant, 1436.

(2) To heap, or pile up. Devon.

(3) Low-spirited ; melancholy. Var. dial.

(4) A small hill or eminence. North. "Alow,
a small round hill, a heap of earth or stones ;
hence the barrows or congregated hillocks,
which remain as sepulchres of the dead, are
called loughs," MS. Lansd. 1033. It fre-
quently means a bank or hill in early Enghsh,
as in Chester Plays, i. 120 ; Reliq. Antiq. i.
120; Kyng Alisaunder, 4348; Sharp's Gov.
Myst. p. 89 ; but it should be noticed that the
A.-S. word is more usually apjiUed to artificial
hills, as tumuli, than to natittal mounds. The
names of many places endmg iu tout are thus
derived, as Ludlow, &c. ; see Mr. Wright's
History, p. 13. " A fire on low," SirDegore.

He is, he seide, ther he is won
With oure sheep upon the lowe.

Cursor JUuniii, MS. Coll. Trin. Cuiilab. f. 46.

(5) Laughed. Reliq. Antiq. i. 60.

LOWANCE. Allowance ; largess, rar. dial.

LOWANER. To stint in allowance. West.

LOW-BELL. A bell used formerly in bird-
batting, q. V. It was rung before the hght was
exhibited, and while the net was being raised,
to prevent the birds from fljing out too soon.
It is not likely th<it the unexi)laincd phrase
" gentle low-bell" in Beaumont and Fletcher

refers to this. It more probably means gentle
lamb, or sheep, in allusion to the low-bells
hung on the necks of those animals. " A
low-beU himg about a sheep or goats neck,"
HoweU, Lex. Tet. 1660.

LOWE. (1) Love. Warton, i. 24.

(2) Lied. Amis and Amiloun, 836.

LOWEDE. Lewd ; unleai-ned. Weber.

LOWEN. To fall in price. Ea.it.

LOWER. (1) To frown, or lour. West.

(2) To strike as a clock with a low prolonged
soimd ; to toU the eurfew. Devon.

(3) To set up the shoulders. North.

(4) A lever. North.

(5) Hire ; reward. {A.-N.)

Thurch ous thou art in thi power,
Gif ous now our lower.

Arthour a7id Merlin, p. 15.

LOWERST. To exert. Devon.
LOW-FORKS. " Donne toy garde qu'elle ne te
pende en ses basse-fourches, take heede sh^e
hang thee in her loweforkes," HoUyband's
Dictionarie, 1593.
LOWINGS. The same as Limes, q. v.
LOWL-EARED. Long-eared. Wilts.
LOW-LIVED. Low and base. I'ar. dial.
LOWLYHEDE. Meekness. (A.-S.)

And whanne the aungelle saw hire lotrlt/hede.
And the hooly rednesse also in hire face.

Lydgate, MS. Soe. Antiq. 134, f. 2.
LOW-MEN. False dice so made as to turn up
low numbers. See Taylor's Travels of Twelve-
Pence, 1630, p. 73.
LOWNABYLLE. Qu. hwvabylle r

And if thou willc lelely doo tills, ferre fradrede,

tliou Salle be gloryus, and lownabylle overcommere.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. l.ia.

LOWNE. Loo; sheltered. North. "Still

and lowne," Du Bartas, p. 357.
LOWNGES. Lungs. Nominale MS.
LOWRE. Money. A cant term. Dekkcr's

Lanthorne and Candle-Light, 1620, sig. C. ii.
LOW-ROPE. A piece of rope hghted at one

end. North.
LOWS. Low level land. Svfolk.
LOWSEN. To Usten. Dorset.
LOW-SUNDAY. The first Sunday after Easter.

See Cotgrave, in v. Quasimotlo ; Holinshed,

Conq. Ireland, p. 25. It was also called

Little-Easter-day.
LOWTHE. (1) Loud. Ritson.
(2'i Lowness. Becon's Works, p. 272.
LOWTHS. Low-lands. Yorksh.
LOWTY'N. To be quiet. " Conquiesco, Anglice,

to lowtjTi," MS. Bibl. Reg. 12. B. i.f. 88.
L0W3EN. Laugh, pres. pi.

Aud alle the lordynges in the halle
On the herd thei hw^en alle.

MS. Canlab. Ff. -v. at, t. .I.'..

LOY'NE. To carve a sole. This term occurs
in the Booke of Hunting, 1586.

LOYOTOUR.

In a surcott of sylke full selkouthely hewede,
Alle with loyotour over laide lowe to the hemmes.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f, 87.

LOYT. A lute. Percy.

LOZENGE. A lolUpop. East.

LIT

53:]

LUM

This form

Cornw.
I 'ar. dial.

(2)

LOZIN. A feast or merry-making when a cutler

comes of age. Sheffield.
LUBBARD. " A hibber. North.

occurs in Florio, p. 50.
LUBBER-COCK. A turkey-cock.
LLBBER-HEAD. A stupid fellow.
LUBBER-LAXD. See Cockney.
LUBBER-WORT. Any food or drink which

makes one idle and stupid.
LUBBY. .A. lubber-head. Heron.
LUBRICITY. Incontinency. This word oc-
ciu-s in a rare tract, printed by Pynson, en-
titled The Churche of yvell Men and Women,
n. d., in the Bodleian Library.
LUC. A small pool of water near the sea-shore.

South.
LUC.\YNE. A window in the roof of a house.
.Moor spells it lewcome, p. 212. Still in use.
LUCE. (1) A rut. South.
(2} X pike, which was thus called in its stages
of life ; first a jack, then a pickerel, thirdly a
pike, and last of all a luce. " Luonm, a lews'e,"
Xominale, MS. " Lucys or pvkvs," Piers of
FuUham, p. 118. Still in use.
LUCENSE. Light. {A.-X.)

O lux vera, graunt us jowr lucense,

That With thespryte of errour I nat seduct be.

Diicbt/ Mysteries, p. 9&.
LUCERN. (1) A lamp. Lydgate.
(2) .4 IjTix, the fur of which was formerly in
great esteem. Luzardis, Arch. Lx. 245.' In
a parliamentary scheme, dated 1549, printed
in the Egerton Papers, p. 11, it was proposed
that no man under the degree of an earl be
allowed to wear lu:arnes.
LUCIN'A. The moon. Chaucer.
LUCK. (1) To make lucky ; to be lucky

Chance. Palsgrave.
LUCRE. (1) To look. Hampole.
(2) To frown ; to knit the brows. North.
LUCKER. Sort or like. Dmon.
I.UCKIXG-MILLS. Fulling-mills. Ke^it.
LUCK-PE.\.\Y. A small sum of money re-
turned to a purchaser for luck. North.
LU CKS. Locks of wool twisted on the finger

of a spinner at the distaff. East.
LUCKY. (1) To make one's lucky, to go away

very rapidly. / 'ar. dial.
(2) Large ; wide ; easy. North.
LUCKY-B.4.G. See Lossy. bay.
LUDDOKKYS. Loins. Towneley .Myst.p. 313.
LUE. To sift. A mining term.
LUEF. Love. Lufers, lovers. There are se-
veral forms similar to tliis.

Let be your rule, seid Litull Jon,

For his («/ that dyed on tre:
^ethat shulde be dujty raon
Hit is gret shame to se.

MS. Cantab. Ft. v. 48. f. 128.

His verray tufert folowes hym fleamle honours

and lovynges in erthe, and noght lufande vayn

e'orye. its. roll. Eton. 10, f. 2.

LUFE. The open hand. North. "Towchwith

™y liife," Towneley .Myst. p. 32.
LUFES. The ears of a toad. North.

LUFF. The wooden case in which the candle
is carried in the sport of low-belling.

LIFT. Fellow; person. (.i.-S.)

LUG, (1) A measure of I6.J ft. It consisted
anciently of 20 ft. It is spelt loy in MS.
Gough (Wilts) 5. " Lug, a pole in measure,"
Kennett. Forty-nine square yards of coppice
wood make a lug.

(2) The ear. North. Hence the handle of a
pitcher is so called.

If sorrow the tyrant invade thy breast.
Draw out the foul tieud by the hig-, the lug.

Sofigg of the Umdon Vrent'ices, p. 121.

(3) A pliable rod or twig, such as is used in
thatching. West. .'\ny rod or pole. Wilts.

(4) To pull or drink. Var. dial.

(5) .\ sm:;U worm for bait in fishing.

(6) I cry lug, I cry sluggard, I am in no hurry.
The term htg was appUed to anrthing slow in
movement.

LUG-AND-.i-BITE. A boy flings an apple to
some distance. All present race for it. The
winner bites as fast as he can, his compeers
lugging at his ears in the mean time, who
bears it as long as he can, and then throws
down the apple, when the sport is resumed.

LUGDOR. The multipe or woodlouse.

LUGE. A lodge, or hut. .\lso, to lodge.

And he saw thame ga naked, and dueJIe in Itiges
and in caves, and thaire wj-fes and lhaire chiidre
away fra thame. SIS. Lincoln A. i. 17, r. 30.

Whenne Darius hadde redde this lettre, ther come
another messanger tille hym, and talde hym that
Alexander and his oste had higede thame appone
the water of Strume. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 9.

LUGEOUS. Heavy ; unwieldy. Devon.

LUGG.\RD. A sluggard. From Lug, q. v.

LUGGER. A strip oi land. Glouc.

LUGGIE. Awootlen dish. North.

LUGGISH. Dull ; heavy ; stupid. Luggy is
also heard in the same sense.

LUGHE. Laughed. See Loghe.

Yhit lyffed he eftyr fyfteene yhef re,

Bot he Itif^lte never, ne made biythe ehere.

Hampole, MS. Bowes, p. 192.

LUG-LAIN. Full-measure. Somerset.

LUG-LOAF. A hea%7 awkward fellow.

LUGSO.ME. HcavT; cumbrous. Ea-if.

LUIK-LAKE. To'beplavful. Yorksh.

LUKE. (1) To protect, or defend. (.J.-S.)

(2) The leaf of a turnip. South.
LUKES. A kind of velvet.
LUKEWARD. A species of cherry which ripens

in June, mentioned in MS. Ashmole 1461.
LULLIES. Kidneys. Chesh.
LUM. (1) A woody valley. (2) A deep pool.

(3) .K cottage chimney. North.
LUMBARD-PIE. .\ highly seasoned meat-pie,

made either of veal or lamb. The term Lum-
bard was given to several ancient dishes.
Frutour lumberl, Reliq. Antiq. i. 88.
LUMBER. (1) Hann; mischief. Var. dial.

(2) Dirty foobsh conversation. East.

(3) To stumble. More usually lumper.
LUMBISH. Heaw J awkward. Line.
LUMBRIKE. An earth-worm. Pr. Parti.
LU.VIES. Beams. Rttson.

LUK

534

LUS

LUMMACK. To tumble. Suffolk.
LUMMAKIN. Heavy ; awkward. Var. dial.
LUMMOX. A fct heavj' and stupidfellow ; au

awkward clown. East.
LUMP. (1) To beat severely. Var. dial.
(.2) A kind of fish. See Florio, p. 109 ; Lilly's

Sixe Court Comedies, 1632, sig. D.

(3) To be or look sulky. Devon.
LUMPER. The same as Lumber, q. v.
LUMPING. Large ; heavy. Var. dial.
LUMPS. Hard bricks for flooring. East.
LUMPY. Heavy ; awkward. South.
LUM-SWOOPER. A chimney-sweeper. North.
LU.N. The same as Loo. q. v.

LUNARY. The herb moon-wort. This herb
was formerly beUeved to open the locks of
horses' feet. See Harrison, p. 131. Some
of our early dramatists refer to it as opening
locks in a more literal sense.

LUNCH. A thump ; a lump. J'ar.dial.

LUNCHEON. A large lump of food. It is
spelt lunshin in Hallamshire Gl. p. 116.

LUNDGE. To lean or lounge. Devon. Batche-
lor has it lundy, Orth. Anal. p. 137.

LUNDY. Heavy; clumsy. Var. dial.

LUNES. (1) Lnnacy; frenzy. (Fr.)

^2j Long Unes to call in hawks. " Lunys aboute
her feet," Morte d'.Arthur, i. 180.

LUNGE. (1) To beat severely. East.

(,2) A plunge. (3) To plunge. Var. dial. To
make a long thrust with the body inclining
forward, a terra in fencing.

(4) To hide, or skulk. Norlhampt.

(5) To lunge a colt in breaking him in, is to hold
him with a long rope, and tlrive him round in
a circle. Still in use.

LUNGEOUS. Awkward; rough; cruel; vin-
dictive ; mischievous ; quarrelsome ; ill-tem-
pered. Var. dial. No doubt couuected with
the older term lungis, q. v.

But somewhere I have had a lungeoHx faw,
I'm sure o' that, and, master, that's neet aw.

Cotton's Works, I734, p. 339.
LUNGIS. A heavy awkward fellow. " Longis,
a lungis, a sUmme, slow backe, ilreaming luske,
drowsie gangrill ; a tall and dull slangam,
that hath no "making to his height, nor wit to
Ills making; also, one that being sent on an
errand is long in returning," Cotgrave.
Let luni^is hirke and druges worke.

We doe defie their slaverye ;
He is but a foole that goes to ^chole,
.Ml we delight in braverye.

Ptay of Misogorius, cirfa I5(J0,

LUNGS. A fire-blower to a chemist.
JJjNGSICKNESS. A disease iu cattle. See

the Dial. Great. Morah p. 57.
LUNGURT. Tied: hoppled. Lane.
l.UNT. Short, or surly. East.
H'R. Loss; misfortune. Gaivayne.
LURCH. (1) To lie at lurch, i. e. to lie in wait.

To give a lurch, i. e. to tell a falsehood, to

deceive, to cheat.
{ 2) A game at tables.
(3) An easv victory. Coles.
LUnCHER. (,1) .i glutton. Palsgrave. It is

spelt lurcare and lurcard in Fr. Parr.
p. 317.
(2) A potato left in the ground.
LURCH-LINE. The line by which the fowling-

net was pulled over to inclose the birds.
LURDEN. A clown ; an ill-bred person ; a
sluggard. {A.-N.) It is still in use in the
last sense. See Rehq. .Antiq. i. 82, 291 ;
Cov. Myst. pp. 45, 184.

Andseyde, lurden, what doyst thou here ?
Thou art a thefe or thefeys fere.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 2W.

LURDY. Idle ; sluggish. North.
LURE. (1) A sore on a cow's hoof. West.

(2) The palm of the hand. North.

(3) A bar. Sir .\madace, biiv. 11.

(4) A handspike, or lever. East.

(5) Is explained by Latham, " that whereto
faulconers call their young hawks, by casting
it up in the aire, being made of feathers and
leather in such wise that in the motion it
looks not unhke a fowi."

(6) To cry loudly and shriUy. East.
LURGY'. The same as Lurdy, q. v.
LURKEY-DISH. The herb pennyroyal.
LURRIES. Clothes ; garments. Coles.
LURRY. (1) To dirt, or''dauh. East.

(2) To lug, or pull. Norihumb.

(3) A disturbance, or tumult.

How durst you, rogues, take the opinioQ
To vapour here in my dominion,
Without my leave, and make a lurry.
That men cannot be quiet for ye ?

Cotton's tVorks, 1734, p 13.

(4) To hurry carelessly. South.
LUSH. (1) To splash in water. Cumb.

(2) A twig for thatching. Devon.

(3) Limp. Topsell's 'Beasts, 1607, p. 343.
Ground easily turned is said to be lush.

LUSKE. A lazy, idle, good-for-nothing fellow.
" Here is a great knave, i. a great lyther luske,
or a stout ydeU lubhar," Palsgrave's Acolastus,
1540. " A sturtUe luske," Albion. Knight, p.
61. Luskyshenesse, lustyshety, Elyot in v.
Socordia, Socorditer, ed. 1559. Lusting,
Mirrour for .M.agistrates, 1578. Luskysh,
Hve Way to the Spj-ttell Hous, p. 10.
LUSKED.' Let loose.'

These lions bees lusked and lased on sondir.
And thaire landes shalbe lost for longe tyme.

J/.S. Soc. Antiq. 101, f. 72.

LUSSHEBURWES. A sort of base coin, re-
sembUng and passing for English pennies,
strictly prohibited by Statute 25 Edward III.
See Blount's Law Dictionary.
LUSSUM. Lovesome; beautiful.
Therforehejaf hira tobigynne
A lussum lond to dwellen inne,
A lond of lif joyes and delices
Whiche men callen Paradis.

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 4.
LUSTE. (1) Liked ; to like. .\lso a substantive,
liking, desire. Lustes, delights, MS. Cotton.
Vespas. D. vii. Ps. Antiq.

And write in suche a maner wise,
Whiche may be wisdome to the wyse.
And pley to hem that luste to pleye.

Goioer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 31

MAB

535

MAC

In him fonde y Done other bote,
For leugir lusie him noujt to dwelle.

Gouer, 3IS. Si.c. Anttq. IM, f. 39.

(2) A number, or quantity. East.

(3) To bend on one side. Norf.
LUSTICK. Healthy ; cheerful ; pleasant.
LUSTRE. A period of five years. This term

occurs in Florio, p. 61.
LUSTREE. To bustle about. Exmoor.
LUSTRING. A kind of plain silk.
LL STY. Pleasant ; agreeable ; quick ; lively ;
gay in apparel.

of huti and off swet odorts,

And froit on tre both grel and smale.

MS. 0,tt. Galba E. ix. f. 2.
LUSTy-G.\LL.\NT. A kind of colour in some

articles of dress, formerly so called.
LUSTYHEDE. Pleasure ;' mirth. (,-/.-5.)
LUT. Bowed down. See Loute.

On his arsoun dounward he lut.

Arthijur and Merlin, p. 195.

LUTE. (1) To lie bid. (J.-S.) In use in
Northumberland, according to Kennett.
It tuteth in a mannis bene.
But that ue schalle not me asterte.

Gmcer, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 31.

(2) Little. See St. Brandan, p. 9.
LUTHER. Bad ; wicked. See Lilher.
LUTHEREN. Leathers ; strings. Hearne.
LUTHOBUT. But only look ! North.
LUTTER. To scatter about. Glouc.
LUTTER.PUTCH. A slovenly feUow. Comu:
LUXOM. The same as Lmsum. q. v.
LUXURIE. Lechery. {A.-S.) This and

hueuriom are common in early works.
LUYSCHENE. To rush on violently.
With lufly lauDcez one lofte they luyschene togedyres.
Mortp Arthurs, MS. Liricuht, f, (J >.

LY.WI. A thong or leash. See a curious re-
lation in the Archfeologia. xxviii. 97. Hence
the lyam, or lime-hound, q. y. Blome makes
a distinction between leash and lyam, " the
string used to lead a greyhound is called a
leese, and for a hound a lyame." See the
Gent. Rec. ii. 78.

A youthfull hunter with a chaplet crown'd
In a pyde iyam leading foorth his hound.

Drayton's Poems, p. 21.

LYXANTHROPI. Madmen who imagined they

were turned into wolves.
LYCCED-TEA. Tea and spirits. Xorth.
LYCE. Lies.

Ifhitbeany man so strong,
That come us foure among.
And bryng with hym men of price
To stele Jhesu ther he lyce.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 40.
LYCHE. A hege. Prompt. Pan:
LYDFORD-LAM'. This proverbial phrase, which
very signiticantly explains itself, —
First hang and draw.
Then hear the cause by Ly,Iford law !
is often alluded to in old works. The earliest
notice of "thelaweof Lydflbrd"yet discovered
is contained in the curious poem on the De-
position of Richard II. ed. Wright, p. 19.
LYE. (1) Kindred. Prompt. Parr.
(2) A flame of fire. Kennett MS.
LYERBY. A kept mistress. It occurs in

Melbancke's Philotimus, 4to. 1583.
L^ING-DOWN. A woman's accouchement.
LYI.NG-HOUSE. A piisonfor great offenders.
See Davies' Ancient Rites, ed'. 1072, p. 138.
LYKUSSE. Likes. See Tundale, p. 21.
L'iLSE-M ULSE. Linsev-woolsey. Skelton.
LY.MPHAULT. Lame. ' Chaloner.
LY.MPTWIGG. A lapwing. Exmoor.

With lowde laghttirs one lofte, for lykyngof byrdez,
Of larkes, o( lynkwhtittez, that lufflyche s. ngene.

Morte .-irthurr, MS. Lincoln, f.31.
LYNDECOLE. Charcoal made of the wood of
the Unden tree. " Half an unce of li/iuteco/e."
MS. Soc. Antiq. 101, f. 76.
LYNYE. .A. line. Prompt. Parv.
LYRIBLIRING. Uarbling, or singing.
LYTHE. The same as Lith (2).

We arecomcne fro the kyng of this/j/.'V,^ rvche.
That knawene es for conquerour corownde in erthe.
Morte .irthw-, MS. Lincoln, S. ;(•.

LY5ET. Lieth.

Now, lurd, I pray the

That thou wold jifftome

The feyre lady bryjt offble.

That ly^et under thisimpe tre. J/5. .43hmole 'il.
LY5TH. Alighted. Degrevant, 1625.
LY5THERELY. Badly; wickedly. {.^..S.)

MTo have an M. under the girdle, i. e. to
. keep the term Master out of sight, to be
wanting in proper respect.
MA. (1) To make. Perceval, 1728.
(2) .More. See ReUq. Antiq. ii. 281.
His.\ve Maria he lerid hym alswa,
.\nd other prayers many mo,

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 142.
.M.\.\K. A maegot. Yorksh.
.\1,\AP.\IENT. 'a rigmarole. Cumb.
.\IAAT. Mett ; measure. JVickliffe.
M.\B. A slattern. North. .Vlso a verb, to
dress negligently. Sandys uses the term
mabble. See Upton on Shakespeare, p. 320.
.MABIAR. A young hen. Lhuyd's MS. ad-
ditions to Kay s Words, 1674.

MACAROON. A fop. Donne. Tliis word is

still in use, according to Forby.
.MACE. (1) A club. (.^.-.V.) 'Macer,one: who

carries a mace. Piers Ploughman, p. 47.

(2) Masonry. Weber.

(3) Makes. Anturs of Arther, p. 19.
.MACE-MOND.\Y. The first Monday after St.

Anne's day, so called in some places on account

of a ceremony then performed.
MACE-PROOF. Free from arrest.
MACHACHINA. A kind of ItaHan dance

mentioned by Sir John Harrington.
MACHAM. A game at cards, mentioned in tlie

Irish Hndibras, 8vo. Lond. 1689.
MACHE. (.1; To match. (2) A match.

MAF

536

North.

Thav hafebenc machede to daye with raene of the ]
Varchez. Mor.e A.,nure MS. Unco,,., t. 69.
M\CIIINE. To contrive. Palsgrave.

raw-head and bloudie bone, Flono, p. -i-
Perhaps Mahound, or Mahomet, a characte.

^T\^?LE^•T'"'Lean. " Lesse venerous then
'^S'a^enCTopseU-s Beasts 1607^^^^^^^^
M \CKE. An ancient game at cards, aUuded to

in Kind-Harts Dreame, 1592.
VTirKFREL A bawd. Grose. MuUUeton,
'^tv 497 has macrio. It is derived from the
L-a.maguercl, and means also a procuress
" Nyghe his hows dwellyd a mauuerel or
liawHle," Carton's Cato Magnns, 1483
MACKERLY. Shapely; fashionable,

iVaci-isA, smart. » arw.
MACKS. Sorts; fashions, ^orttl.
M\CSTAR. A poulterer, or egg-seller.
M\CULATION. Spot; stain. (i«^)
MAD. (1) Angry. Var.dml.
(0 , An earth-worm ; a maggot. Ao> th.
(3) JIadness.; intoxication. Glouc.

^l^irTtiuift^t the provinces.to
women under the rank of Udy, but moving
in respectable society. , j <;\

MVDDE To madden ; to be mad. {A.-b.)

MADDER. Pus, or matter. North.

MVDDERS. The stinking camomile. It est.

M ADDLE. (1) To be fond of. Nortti.

cltTo confuse; to be confused; to perplex;
to rave, or be delirious. North.

MADDOCKS. Maggots. Kennett MS.

mId DOG. A cant term for strong ale, men-
tioned in Harrison's England, p. _iU-.

WADE. (1) Fastened, as doors. iVortft.

1^) mat Lie you "-«• -•'^f ^-^-^-i.^^Vre
^ be there, what business had you. lo« are
made for ever, your fortune is made. See
LUly's Sixe Court Comedies, 1632, sig. Q. n.
A similar phrase occurs in Shakespeare.
(3) Wrote; written. See Make.
4 Made up of different materials. Hence the
term made-dish, which was formeriy used for
a.iv dish containing several meats.
MADER-WORT. The herb mug-wort.
MADE-SURE. Aifianced; betrothed.
MADGE. (1) Margaret. Var. dial
f21 An owl. " Chat huant, an owle, or madge-
howlet," Cotgrave. Some call it the magpie.
(Z) The pu(lcn<luni mnUebre. South.
JIADGETIN. The Margaret apple. East.
MADLIN. A bad memory. Cumb.
MADNING-MON EY. Old Roman coins, some-
times found about Dunstable, are so called by
the country people.
MAD-PASH. A mad fellow. A'";"'-
MADUILL. Madrid. Middleton, iv. 104.
M/ESTERS. Employment, neber.
MA-FEIE. My faith! {.-I.-N.)
MAFFLARD. A term of contempt, probably

the same with ,V«i«"!.9, q V.
MAFFLE. To stammer ; to mumble. t\ortli.

MAI

" Somrae mafflid with the mouth," Dep-^-^.
Ric II P 29. "To stammer or maffle m
spe;ch," Florio, p. 55. The term seems tt) 1«
apphed to any action suffenng from imped,-
nients. " In such staggering and mafling
mse," Holinshed, Chron. Ireland p. 88. See
Stanihurst,p.l3;Cotgrave,inv.iJ«rfo.««arrf,

Bretonnant.
MAFFLING. A simpleton. North.
MAG. (l) To chatter; to scold. lar.diai.

Sometimes, to tease or vex.
(2) The jack at which coits are thrown.
MAGE. A magician. Speiiser.
MA.GECOLLE. To fortify a town wall with
machicolations, (Lydgate.) " Wei matchecold
al ahoute," Morte d' Arthur, i. 199.
M\GES. The hands. Northmnb.
MAGGLED. Teazed. O.ioa
MAGGOTY. Whimsical ; frisky ; playful. Mag-

oo^s, whims, fancies. Var. dial.
MAGGOTY-PIE. A magpie. Shakespeare has
vianot.pie. and the terra occurs under several
forms. It is still in use in Heretordshire ;
and is retained in a well-known nursery song.
See Florio, pp. 204, 41 '1; Cotgrave, m v
A„asse, Dame. It is given as a W dtshire word
in MS. Lansd. 1033, f. 2. Brockett has Maggy.
MAGGY-MANY-FEET. The wood-louse. West.
MAGINE. To imagine. Palsgrave.
MAGNEL. An ancient military engme used
" for battering down walls. It threw stones
and other missiles, which themselves were
also termed magnek or manguneh. See Kyng
Alisaunder, 1593, 3223; Gy of \\arwike, p.
86; Langtoft, p. 183.

With hewelng aiid with mineinge.
And with mcmi^tmels casteinge.

Artlwur amlMerlin, p.iH-

MAGNIFICAL. Magnificent ; splentUd. Mag-

' 'nificeiit is often put for munijicmt.

MAGNIFICATE. To magnify. Jonson.

MAGNIFICO. A grandee. {Ital.) It is pro-
periv appUed to a grandee of Venice.

MAGNIFY. To signify. Devon.

MAGNOPERATE. To increase greatly. (Lat.)
Some in the affectation of the oeconomicks. some
in philosphy. others in puelry, have all broosht the
depth of their golden studies to bide the touch of
your noble allowance ; so that after-ages may
rightly admire what noble Meccenas it was that so
inchayned the aspiring wits of this understanding
age to his only censure, which will not a little mag-
„,,p„ale the splendor of your well knowne honour
to these succeeding times.

Hoploti's Baciilum Geodatimm, ibU.

MAGUDER. The stalk of a plant
MAHEREME. Wood; timber. (Aletl. Lat.)
MAHOITRES. Large waibUngs formeriy used

for padding out the shouldeis. (Fr.)
MAIIOUN. Mahomet. The term was often
used for an idol or pagan deity.

Hefe uppe your harlis ay to Mahoundv.
He wiUbciiereusinourenede.

V»i* Miracle Plays, nalpole Mi.

MAID. (1) The iron frame which holds the
! baking-stone, n'esl.

JIAI

53/

MAK

(2) A girl. See Warton, iii. 38.

(3) There is a joke of Mrs. Quickly's in the
Merry Wives of Wiiulsor, ii. 2, inipljing she
was as much a maid as her mother, wliicli, if
I mistake not, alludes to an old saying quoted
in the following passages :

If evor Ice doe come heare againe, Ice zaid»
ChiU give thee my mother vor a maid.

MS.Aihm.X, f. 112.
So smug she was, and so array'd,
He took his mother for a maid.

Cotton's n'orks, 1/34, p. 25.

M.\IDEKIN. A Uttle maid. {A.-S.)

M.VIDEN. A fortress which has never been
taken. Maiden-assize, a session where no
prisoners are capitally convicted. Maiden-
tree, a free which has not been lopped.
Maiden-wife-widow, one who gives herself up
to an impotent person, a curious phrase, which
occurs in Holme, 1688.

M.VIDENHEnE. The state of a maiden.

MAIDEN-RENTS. A noble paid by every te-
nant in the manor of Builth, co. Radnor, at
their marriaee.in lieu of the ancient viarchef.

MAIDENS-HONESTY. The plant honesty.

About Michaelmass all the hedges about Thicli-
wood (in the parish Colerne) are (as it were) iiung
with mat/den's honesty, which lookes very fine.

Aubies/'s Wills, MS. Rot/al S..c. p. 120.

M.VID-MARIAN. A popular character in the
old morris dance, which was often a man in
female clothes, and occasionally a strunii>et.
Hence the term was sometimes appUed with
no very flattering intention.

MAIL. (1) To milk a cow but once a day, when
near cahing. A'or/h. Maillen, the quantity
of milk given at once.

(2) To pinion a hawk. See Gent. Rec.

(3) Rent or annual payment formerly extorted
by the border robbers.

(4; That part of a clasp which receives the
spring into it.

(5) A defect in vision. Deron.

(6) A spot on a hawk. Mailed, spotted. Cot-
grave, in T. Gouit. (."According to Blome,
ii. 62, the mailes are the breast-feathers.)
" To male, to discolour, to spot, Korthumb."
Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.

M.VIN. (1) Very ; great, far. dial. Hence, a
main man, a violent i>oUtician, &c.

(2) The thick part of meat.

(3) -\ throw at the dice.

(4 ) The chief or ruler.

(5) To lame. Hallamsh. Gloss, p. 116.

(6)

observing Dick look'd main and blue.

C^'llins' Miscellanies, 17fi2, p. M.
MAIN- HAMPER. A kind of basket used for

carrying fruit. Somersef.
MAIN-PIN. A pin put through the fore-axle of

a waggon for it to turn upon in locking, far.

dial.
MAINS. A farm, or fields, near a house, and in

the owner's occupation. North.
MAINS-FLAID. Much afraid. Yorksh.
ilAINSWORN. Perjured. Nortli.

MAINTAIN. To behave ; to conduct. Mainte-
nance, behaviour. {A.-N.)

MAINTE. To maintain. Lydgate.

MAINTENANTLY. Mainly, \\orth.

MAIR. A mayor. {.L-N.) It occurs .n Purs
Ploughman, and Archaeologia, i. 94.

MAISLIKIN. FooUsh. Sorth.

MAISON-DEWE. A hospital. {A.-N.) TiU
within the last few years, there was an ancient
hospital at Newcastle so called.
Mynsteris and masondewes they malle totheerthe.

Morte Mrthure, MS. I.tncl,,, f. H5.
So many 7wi.«enrf(?iftf.T, hospytals and spy tile houses,
.\s your grace hath done yet sens the wurlde began.
Utile's Kt/nge Jolian, p. 92.

MAIST. Most; almost, far. dial.

.MAISTE. Makest. Chester Plays, i. 49.

MAISTER. A skilful artist ; a master. Maister
toHii, a metropolis. Maister strete, the chief
street. Maister temple, the chief temple, i^c

MAISTERFUL. Imperious ; headstrong. Nort/i.
It occurs in Lydgate and Chaucer.

MAISTERIE. Skill ; power; superiority. Maix-
tri/s. conflicts, Perceval, 1445.
Who so dose here sich niaistrye,
Be thou wel sicur he shalleabye.

MS. Omtaij. Ff. v. 48, f. 49.
And lylulle maysfyts may ye do.
When the grete nede comyth to.

MS. Cantiilj. Ff. ii. 38. f. 128.

MAISTERLYNG. Master. See Weber, i. 21.
Maixterman, ruler, eovernor, husband.

MAISTLINS. Mostlv ; generally. North.

.MAISTRESSE. .Alistress ; governess. (J.-N.)

MAISTRISE. Masterly workmanship. (^.-A".)

MAKE. (1) To make a die of it, to the. To
make hold, to presume. To make read;/, to
dress provision. Also, to clothe. To make
unready, to undress. To make a noise, to
scold. To make a hand on, to waste or de-
stroy. To make on, or upon, to caress, or
spoil. Also, to rush on with violence. 7o
make count, to reckon, or reckon upon. To
make all split, a phrase expressing immense
violence. To make danyer, to try, to make
experiment. To make nice, to scruple or ob-
ject. To make fair weather, to coax a per-
son, to humour him by flattery. To make
forth, to do. To make a matter with one, to
pick a quarrel with liim. I'o make navyttt, to
corrupt, 'lo make room, to give place. To
make sure, to put in a safe place. To make to
the bow, to form to one's hand. To make
mouths, to jeer or grin. To make up, to
wheedle ; to make a reconciliation. Also, to
approach. To make fair, to bid fair or Ukely.
To jnake much of, to caress or spoil.

(2) An instrument of husbandry, formed with a
crooked piece of iron and a long handle, used
for pidling up peas. Suffolk.

(3) To fasten a door. Yorksh. Shakespeare
uses the term in this sense.

(4) A mate, or companion. (A.-S.) It is ap-
plied to either husband or wife.

Rise up. Adam, and awake ;
Heare have I fortned tliee a maJte.

Chester PI. s/<, I. 24.

34*

MAL

538

MAL

(5) To compose, or make verses. (A.-S.)

(6) To do ; to cause. See Made.
(?■) To dress meat. Pegge.
(8 A halfpenny. See Dekker's Lanthorne and

Candle-Light, ed. 1620, sig. C. ii. " Brum-
maeem-macks, Birmingham-makes, a term for
base and counterfeit copper money in cixcula-
tion hefore the great recomage, bharp s
MS. Warmckshire Gloss.

(9) To prepare, or make ready. Jonson, i. 14o.

(10) To assist, or take part in. Yorksh.

(1 1) A sort, kind, or fashion. North.

(12) The mass. Sir John Oldcastle, p. 22.
MAKE-BATE. A quarrelsome person. " A

make.ba/e, a bnsie-bodie, a pick-thanke, a

seeke-trouble," Elorio, p. 89. See also

p. 72, and Nares.
MAKE-BEGG.\R. The annual pearl-wort.
M \KE-COUNT. A make-weight. North.
JIAKE-HAWK. An old staunch hawk which

will readily instruct a young one.
MAKELES. Without a mate. (J.-S.)
MAKELESS. Matchless. North.
MAKER. A poet. Jonson, ii. 114.
MAKERLY. Tolerable. North.
MAKE-SIUFT. A substitute, generally used

contemptuously. It occurs in Halle's Hist.

Etpostulation, ed. Pettigrew, p. 19.
MAKE-WEIGHT. Some trifle added to make

up a proper weight. Far. dial.
MAKE-WISE. To pretend. Somerset.
MAKRON. A rake for an oven.
M ALACK. A great disturbance, 'iorksh.
MAL\HACK. To carve awkwardly. East.
MALAKATOONE. A kind of late peach.
jlALAN -TREE. The beam in front of or across

an open chimney. East.
MALARY. Unhappily. (Fc.) Maleuryd,^\-

fortuned. Skelton, ii. 219.
MALCH. Mild. Craven.
M VLDROP. A ruby. Nommale MS.
.MALE. (1) A budget, or portmanteau ; a box,
or pack. (A.-N.)

(2) Evil. Kvng Alisaunder, 1153.

That theciewke inhys perlement
Hvin forceve hys mnie entente.

MS.Ca„lab.F{.il.3a,S.m.

(3) The plant dandelion. Dorset.
MALEBOUCHE. Calumny. (A.-N.)

And to conferme his accione,
Hee hath withholtle m'tlebouche.

Cuwer, MS. Soc. Jnliq. 134, f. 6.3.
MALECOLYE. Melancholy. Maticholly oc-
curs in Middleton's play of the Honest Whore.
And piey hym pur charytu
That he wyll forgeve me
Hvsyre and hys malecoljje.

MS. Ca„l<,b. Ff. ii. 3«, f. 163.
My sone, schryvc the now fotthi.
Hast thou ben maleitcitUtin.

Cwei, MS. Soc. ^ntil- I-'M. f- 84.

MALEDI3T. Cursed. (A.-N.)

Cometh a chihle mahdilt

A;cyn Jhesu to rise he ti;t.

Curmr il/unrfi, MS. CM. Tnn. Cantab, f. 75.

MALEES. Uneasiness, (fr)

But yn herte y am sory.
For y have nothyng redy,
Whereof the kyng to make at ese.
Therfore y am at moche malte".

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. IJ6.

MALEFICE. Enchantment. (//.-A'.)
MALEK. Salt. Dr. Forman's MSS.
M.AL-ENGINE. Wicked artifice. {A.-N.} It

occurs in Hall, Henry YI. f. 31.
MALE-PILLION. A stuffed leathern cushmn
behind a ser\-ant who attended his master in
a journey to cai-ry luggage upon. Also, a male-
saddle, or saddle for carrj-ing luggage upon.
MALE-TALENT. lU-will. (A-N.)
And sire Beves tho veraiment,
Forgaf him alle is mauntalent.

Bnvsof Hainti'Un, p. 14.i.

MALGRACIOUS. Ungracious.

Botiie of visage and of stature
Is lothely and malgra<-iiM».

Cower, MS. Soc. Jiitiq. 134, f. l.'il.

M \.LGR.\DO. Maugre ; in spite of. {Ital.)
MALICE. (1) The marsh-mallow. Devon.

(2) Sorcer\'; witchcraft. See Malejiee. _

(3) To be^ malice to. Line. " That hatn ma-
lic'd thus," Hawkins, ii. 46.

MALICEFUL. Malicious. North.

MALICIOUS. Artful. {A.-N.)

MALIOTE. A mallet. Nominale MS

MALISON. Malediction ; curse. (-i.-A.) stm
in use, according to Kennett.

MALKIN. (1) A slattern. Devon. It was for-
merlv a common diminutive of Mary. Maid
Marian was so caUed. " No one wants Malkin s
maidenhead,which has beensold fifteen times,
prov. Mines' MS. Chaucer apparently alludes
to this phrase. Malkintrash, one in a dismal-
looking dress.

(2) A scai-ecrow. Somerset.

M ALL. ( 1 ) A hammer, or club. Also a verb, to
knock down with a mall ; to beat. " l^Jalle
hymtodede," MS.Morte .Arthure. " Mailed,
felled, or knocked downe," Cotgrave.

(2) A plough-share. Somerset.

(3) A court or pleading-house.

(4) A kind of game.
But playing with the boy at mo?;,
I rue the time and ever shall,
I struck the ball. I know not how.
For that is not the p'.ay, you know,
A pretty height into the air.

Cotlon-a n-orkt, 1734. p. 221.

MALLANDERS. Sore places on the inside of

the fore-legs of horses. " Malferu, a malan-

der in the bought of a horse's knee," Cotgrave.

And some are full ot mallmders and scratches.

Taylor's Motto, 12ino. Lond. 1632.

MALLERAG. To abuse. See Balkrag. Maltock,
to scandalize. Line.

ilALLlGO. Malaga wine. Nares.

MALLS. The measles. Extnoor.

M.ALLY. A hare. North.

MALSHRAGGES. Caterpillars, palmers, and
canker-worms. Also called matltsliags.

M\LSKRID. Wandered, inil. U'erii:

MALT-BUG. A drunkard. This cant term oc-
curs in Harrison's England, p. 202.

MAJI

539

MAN

MALT-COMES. The little beards or shoots
when malt begins to run. Yorksh. Malting-
corn, corn beginning to germinate.
M.\LTE. Mehed. {.-I.-S.)

Tille that the Sonne his wjTgis cnujte.
Whereof it malte and fro tile heyjte,
Withouten heipe of eny sleyjte,
lie felle to hisdestruccioun.

Uou-er, Ms. Soc. Anliq, 134, f. IIO.
M.VLTEN-HEARTED. Faint-hearted. Nort/i.
M ALTER. A maltster, far. dial.
MALT-HORSE. A slow dull heavy horse, such
as is used by brewers. Hence Shakespeare
has it as a term of contempt. See Nares.
He would simper and mumpe, as though bee
had gone a wooing to a matt-mare at Roches-
ter," LiUy, ed. 1632.
M.ALUE. A mallow. Reliq. Antiq. i. 53.

Take nialues with alle the rotes, and sethethame
in water, and wasche thi hevede therwith.

MS. Unr:tn A. i 17, f. 2Si!

M.ALURE. Misfortune. {J.-N.)
M.\LVESIE. Malmsey wine. See Harrison's
England,p. 170 ; Reliq. Antiq. i. 3 j Degrevant,
1415.

Thane spyces unsparyly thay spendyde thereaftyre,
Malvesyv :inA muskadelle, tha»e mervelyousdrynkes.
Mnrte y/rlliure, MS. Lillcubi, f. 55.
Ve shall have Spayneshe wyne and Gascoyne,
Rosecoloure, whyt, claret, rampyon.
Tyre, capryck, and malve^tie,
Sak, Taspyce, alycaunt, ruraney,
Greke, ipocrase, new made clary,
.Suche ai ye never had ;
For yf ye drynke a draught or too,
Yt wyll make you or ye thens go
By Goggs body starke madde.

Iiiferlutle ii/t/ie Fottr Ktemenfs, n. d.
MAM. Mammy ; mother. Nortli.
MAMBLE. Said of soil when it sticks to agri-
cultural implements. East.
MAMELEN. To chatter ; to mumble. {.4.-S.)
MAMERI. A pagan temple.

Aboure the time of middai

Out of a mameri a sai

Sarasins com gret foisoun.

Thai hadde anoured here Mahoun.

Bei'eso/Hitmtotin, p. ."^4.

MAMMER. To hesitate ; to mumble ; to be
perplexed. Still iu use. " I stand in doubte,
or stande in a mamorynge betwene hope and
feare," Palsgrave's Acola.stus. 1540.
That where before he vaunted
The conquest he hath got.
He sits now in a mammciingy
As one that miudes it not.

^/ Qura( of F.iiqiixiie, 1595.

iL\MMET. A pupnet. See Maumet.

MAMMOCK. (1) A fragment. \ar. rlial.

" Small mammocks of stone," Optick Glasse

of Humors, 1639, p. 120. See Florin, pp. 4,

67, 197.

Salt with thy knife, then reach to and take.
Thy bread cut faire and no mammocks make.

The Sffioofe of Vertuf, n. d.

(2^ To mumble. Suffolk. Moor says, " to cut

and hack victuals wastefiilly." Hence, to

tuaul or mangle; to do anv thing very clumsilv.

MA.MMOTUREPT. A spoilt child.

MAMMY. Mother. Mammysick, never cisy

but when at home with mammy.
M.\MPUS. A great number. Dorset.
MAM'S-FOOT. A mother's pet-child.
MAM-SWORN. Perjured. Xortli.
MAMTAM. A term of endeariuent.
AlAMY. A wife. Leic.
MAMYTAW. A donkey. Devon.
MAN. (1) Was formerly used with ranch latitude.
Thus the Deity was so called with no irreverent
intention. Forby teUs us the East Angliaiis
have retained that application of the word.
(2) The small pieces with which backgamn,on
is played are called men. " A queeue at
chesse or man at tables," Florio, p. 136.
(3) A manor a mouse, something or notliiiig.
See Florio, p. 44. Man alive, a common and
famibar mode of salutation. Man in tfie oalc,
an ignis fatuus. Man of wax; a sharp, clever
fellow.
(4) To man a hawk, to make her tractable. See

Harrison's England, p. 227.
MANACE. To menace, or threaten. .VImi,

anything which threatens. (A.-N.)
MANADGE. A box or club formed by small
shopkeepers for supplying poor people witb
goods, the latter paving for them by instal-
ments. North.
MANAUNTIE. Maintenance. Langtoft, p. 32 j
MANCH. To munch ; to eat greedily.
MANCHET. The best kind of white-bread.

See Hobson's Jests, repr. p. 9.
MANCIPATE. Enslaved. (Lat.)
MANCIPLE. An officer who had the care of
purchasing provisions for an Inn of Court, a
college, &c.
MANCOWE. This term is the translation of

sinozopkalus in Nominale MS.
MAND. A demand ; a question.

Theemperour, with wordcsmyld,
Askyd a mand of the chyld.

MS. Ashmnle 61, f 87.
MANDEMENT. A mandate. (^.-A^)
MANDER. To cry. Suffolk.
MANDILION. The maniblion or mandevile
was a kind of loose garment without sleeves,
or if with sleeves, having them banging at the
back. " Cassaccliino, a mamblion, a jacket,
a jerkin," Florio, p. 87. Harrison, p. 172,
mentions " the mandilion worne to Collie
Weston ward," i. e. awry. This curious early
notice of the CoUy-Weston i)ro\erb was acci'-
dentally omitted in its proper place.
French dublet, and the Spanish hose to breech it ;
Short cloakes, old mandilunis (we beseech it)-

Rowlanda' Kiion: of Hail.^, 1()13,
MANDRAKE. The mandragora, Lat. It is
often mentioned as a narcotic, and very nume-
rous were the superstitions regarding it. It
was said to shriek when torn up. " .Mandrakes
and night-ravens still sbriking in thine eares,"
Dekker's Knights Conjuring, p. 49.

The male mandrake hath great, broad, hmiT.
smooth leaves, of a deepe greene colour, flat spred
upon the ground ; among which come up the (lowers
of a pale whitish colour, standing every one uimiia

MAN

540

JIAN

single Binal and weak footstalk, of a whitish green
colour; in their places grow round apples of a yel-
lowish colour, smooth, soft, and glittering, of a
strong smel ; in which ate conteined flat and smooth
seedes, in fashion of a little kidney, like those of the
thorn apple. The roote is long, thick, whitish, di-
vided many times into two or three parts, resembling
the legs of a man, with other parts of his bodie ad-
joining thereto, as the privie parts, as it hath beene
reported; whereas in truth it is no otherwise then
iu the rootes of carrots, parsneps, and such like,
forked or devided into two or more parts which
nature taketh no account of. There have been
many ridiculous tales brought up of this plant,
wnether of old wives or some runnagate surgeons or
phisickmongers, I know not {a title bad inough fi>r
them) but sure some one or mae that sought tom.tke
themselves famous in skillfull above others were
the first brochers of that errour I sp;ike of. They
adde further, that it is never or verie seldome to be
foundegrowi' g naturally but unrler a gallows, where
the matter that hath fallen from the dead boiliehnth
given it the shape of a man; and the matter of a
woman, thesubataunceof a female pl.-tnt, with many
other such doltish dreames. They fable further and
affirm, that he who wouldetake up a plant thereof
must tie a dogge thereunto to pull it up, which will
give a great shrike at the digging up ; otherwise if a
man should do it, he should certainly die in short
space after; besides many fables of loving matters,
too fuUof scurrilitie to set foorth in print, which I
forbeare to speake of; all which dreames and old
wives tales you shall from hcncefoorth cast out of
your bookes and memorie, knowing this that thoy
are all and every part of them false and mo^t untrue.
For I myselfe anil my servauntsalso have digged up,
planted, and rei>lanled verie many ; and yet nevt-r
could either perceive shape of man or woman, but
sometimes one straight roote, sometimes two, and
often sixe or seaven braunches, comming from the
maine great roote ; even as nature list to bestowe
upon it as to other plants. But the idle drones that
have little or nothing to do but cate and drinke,
have bestowed some of their time in carving the
rootes of Brionie, forming them to the shape of men
and women, which falsifying practise hath confirmed
the errour amongst the simple and unlearned people,
who have taken thera upon their report to be the
true mandrakes. Gerard's Herbal! , ed. loil?) P- 280.

MANDY. Saucy; impudent; frolicsome; un-
manageable, ffeff.

MANE. Moan. Reliq. Antiq. i. 60.

MANER. A seat or dwelling. Used in Stafford-
shire, according to Kennet, MS. Lansd. 1033.
The kyng soyournyd in that tyde
At a maner there be^yde.

MS. C<intab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 78-

MANERLY. Correctly; politely.
MANEST. Menaced. Apol. LoU. p. 21.
MANFESOURS. Malefactors. Langtoft, p.211.
MANG. (1) To mix, or mingle. West. Hence,

a mash of bran or malt.
(2) To become stupified.

What say ye, man ? Alas ! for teyn

I trow ye mang. Croft's Exceipta Antiqua, p. 108

MANGE. To eat. (.i.-N.)

MANGERING. Perplexing.

The simple people might be brought in a manf^er-
ing of their faith, and stand in doubt whom they
might believe. Fhilpot's tVorkSt p. 315.

MANGERY. A feast. (^.-A'.)

There was yoye and moche game
At that gvete mangers/. MS. Canlab.F(.li.38, f.f!.'!.
To the kyng he sente them tylle,
And preyed hym, yf hyt were hys wylie.
That he faylyd hym not at that tyde.
But that he woldecometo Hungary
For to worsehyp that mantieri/.
Therof he hymbesoght.

MS.Oinlah. Ff. ii. 38, f. 01.
MANG-FODDER. Fodder for cows mixeil

with hav and straw. Yorksh.
MANG-HANGLE. Mixed in a wild and con-
fused manner. Somersef.
MANGONEL. The same as Magnel, q. v.
MANGONIZE. To traffic in slaves. ( ,at.)
MANHED. Manhood; race.

Off women com dulie and kyn;;,
I 30W tell without lesyng,
Of them com owre manhed,

MS.A.ilimole 61,1'. Ilu.
MANICON. A kind of nightshade.
Bewitch Hermetic men to run
Stark staring mad with nifinicon.

Hudibras, 111. i.:l.'4.
MANIE. Madness. (.4.-N.)
MANIFOLD. To multiply, or increase. It oc-
curs in MS. Cotton. Vespas. D. vii.
MANIPLE. A bundle, or handful. It is also

the same with Fanon, q. v.
MANK. A trick, or prank. Yorf:tik.
MAN-KEEN. Marriageable. North.
M.4NKIND. Mascubiie; furious. A furious

beast is still so called. See Craven Gl.
MANKIT. Maimed; impaired. Gau-ayne.
MANLICH. Humane. (A.-S.) It occasionally

has the sense of nianfuUy.
MANNED. Waited on ; attended.
MANNER. (1) Manure. Isr. dial.
(2) To be taken with the manner, to be caught

in a criminal act.
MANNERS-BIT. A portion left in a dish " for

the sake of manners." North,
MANNIE. A little man. Line.
MANNINGTREE. Fonnerly a famous place
for feasting and sports, and often alluded to
by our early writers. " Drink more in two
dales then all Maning-tree does at aWhitsun-
ale," Dekker's Knights Conjuring, p. 38.
MANNISH. (1) Manly. It occurs in Palsgrave's
Acolastus, 4to. Lond. 1540. Manny, to ap-
proach to manhood.
(2) Fond of man's flesh. Palsgrave.
MAN-QUELLER. A destroyer of men.
MANRED. Vassalage ; dependence. (^A.-S.)
Misdoo DO messangere for menske of thiselvyne.
Sen we are in thy maunrede, and mercy the besckes.
Morte Arthurs, MS. Umotn, f. .54.

MANSBOND. Slaves. Langtoft, p. 115.
MANSCHIPELICHE. Manfully.

His lord he served treweliche.

In al thing manscfiipelictie.

Guy of Warwick, p. 1.

M.\NSE. (1) A house, or mansion, {J.-N.)
(2) To curse, or excommunicate.
MANSIIEN. A kind of cake. Somen^et. Per-
haps from the old word manchet, q. v.
MANSHIP. Manhood ; courage.

MAR

oil

MAR

MANSLEARS. Murderers.

Manslear i they wer had most odiows.

MS. i^auri 41':. f..';n.
M.\N'S-MOTHER\VORT. The herl) Patma

Christi. It occurs in Gerard.
MANSUETE. Gentle. (//.-.V.) Mamneludc.

gentleness, Old Christmas Carols, p. 29.
M.A.X-S\VORE. Forswoni ; perjured.
M.\NT. (1) To stutter. Cumb.
(2) Plan ; method ; trick .>

I have effected my purpose in a great many, some
by the aliquote parts, and some by the cubical] mrtnt,
but thissoure crabb I cannot deale wi'h by no me-
thod. Letters on Scienffic 5«^j. f/.,, p. loj.
MANTEL. A term applied to a hawk, when
she stretches one niiig along after her leg,
and then her other wiug.
MANTELET. A short mantle. (y/.-A')
'I'hat thay be trapped in gete,
Bathe telere and maiilLhte.

.IIS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. l.H
MANTEL-TREE. " Mantyl tre of a cl.ymuey.
manteau dune ehentiiwp^'* Palsgrave. The
same writer spells it mantry. A strange
phrase, " as melancholy as a mantle-tree,"
occurs in Wily Beguiled, 1623. Mantle-piece
for the chimnev-piece is verv common.
MANTLE. (1) To embrace kindly. North.

(2) To ape the tine lady. Line.

(3) To winnow com. Holme, 1688. Manlle-
wTiid, a winnowing machine.

(4) To rave about angrily. Line.

{b) To froth, as beer does, &c. Ermoor.
M.\NTO. A gown. Properly, a garment made

of manto, a kind of stuff.
MANUAL. The mass-book. (Lat.)
M.\NURANCE. Cultivation. It occurs inihe

Triall of Wits, 4to. Lond. 1604, p. 242.
MANUS-CHRISTI. A kind of lozenge.
MANY. (1) A late form of Mcinij, q. v.

(2) iluch. JTent. The A. S. use.

(3) Many a time and oft, frequently, far. dial.
It occurs in Shakespeare.

MANYEW. The mange in dogs.

The houndeshaveth also another siknesse that is
clepid the manr/eir, and th.it cometh to hem for
cause that thei be maleucolvous. JIS. BfHit. 346.

MANY-FOLDS. The intestines. North.

MAPPEL. The same as Manikin, q. v.

MAPPEN. ProbaMv ; perhaps. North.

MAQUERELLE. See Maekerd.

M.\R. A small lake. Northmnb.

MAR.\-BALK. A balk of laud. East.

MARACOCK. The passion-flower.

M.ARBLES. The lues venerea. Greene.

M.ARBRE. Marble. {A.-N.)

A tomtje riche for the nonis

Of marbre and eek of Jaspre stonis.

Gouer, MS. Xoc. .Intiq. 134, f. 127.

MARCH. (1) A land-mark, or boundary. (2) To
border on, or be contiguous to. {A.-N.)
Hence the marches of Wales, &c. *' Marches
bytwene two landes, front ieret," Palsgrave.
Marcher,dL president of the marches. Marcher-
lords, the petty rulers who lived on the
Welsh borders.

MARCHALE. A marshall.

of a thousonde men bi tale

He made him ledere and marchate.

Cursor Murtdi, .MS. Coll. Trin. Cfintib f. 43,

MAKCHALSYE. Horsemansliip.

MARCHANDYE. Merchandize.
Sertanly withowte lye.
Sum tyme 1 lyve be marrhanrit/e.
And passe welle ofte the see.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 48

MARCH-BIRD. A frog. Ea.it.
MARCHE. (1) The herb smallage.
(2) Mercia. Chton. Vilodun. p. 2.
MARCH-HARE. As mad as a March hare, a
very common phrase. " As mad not as
Marche hare, but as a madde dogge," More's
Supplycacyon of Soulys, sig. C. ii.

Than they be^yn to swere and to stare,
And be as braynles as a Marshe hiirr.

MS. R<twli:ison C. 8C,
As mad as a March hare ; where madness compares.
Are not Midsummer hares as mad as March haies .'
HeiftvoofTs Epic^rammee, 1567, n".9o.
.MARCHING-WATCH. A briUiant procession
formerly made by tlie citizens of London at
Midsummer. It is fully described by Stowe.
M.\RCH-L.\.ND. .\n old name for Mercia.
M.\RCH-P.\NE. " M:irchpanes are made of
verie little flower, but with addition of greater
quantitie of filberds, pine nuts, pistaces.
almonds, and rosed sugar," Markham's Coun-
trey Farme, 1616, p. 585. .According to
Forby, ii. 208, the term was retained upto a
very recent period. Marchpane was a con-
stant article in the desserts of our ances-
tors. See Ben Jonson, ii. 295 ; Topsell's
Serpents, p. 165 ; Warner's Antiq. Cuhu.
p. 103; Harrison's England, p. 167; Floiio.
p. 134.

As to surpresse by message sad.
The feast for which they all have had
theirmarc/j-pane dream so long.

Songs 0/ the London Prentices, p. 31.
MARDLE. (1) To gossip. East
(2) A pond for cattle. Suffolk.
MARE. (1) An imp, or demon ; a hag. " Yond
harlot and mare," Towneley Jlysteries, p. 198.
It was often a term of contempt. See Meer
in Brockett, p. 201.

And shame hyt ys aywhare
To be Railed a prestes mare.

MS. Hart. 1701, f. ,W.

(2) To v'in the mare or lose the halter, to play
double or quits.

(3) The sport of crying the mare has been
already mentioned. It is thus more particu-
larly described in Blount's Glossographia, ed.
1 68 1 , p. 398 : — " To cry the mare is an ancient
custom in Herefordshire, viz. when each hus-
bandman is reaping the last of his corn, the
workmen leave a few Idades standing, and tye
the tops of them together, which is the mare,
and then stand at a distance and throw their
sickles at it, and be that cuts the knot has
the prize ; which done, they cry with a loud
voice, I have her, I have her, I have her.
Others answer. What have you, what have
you, what have you .' A mare, a mare, a

MAR

542

MAR

mare. Wliose is she, w)iose is she. whose is
she .' J. B. (naming the owner three times).
Whither ^rill you send her? To John-a-
Noises, (namiug some neighljor wlio has not
all his corn reapt). Then they all shout
three times, and so the ceremony ends with
good chear. In Yorkshire upon like occasion
they have a Harvest Dame, in Bedfordshire a
Jack and a Gill."

M .\RE FART. The herb yellow ragwort.

MAREIS. A marsh. (.-I.-N.) " Maresh
grounds," Holinshed, Hist. England, i. 55 ;
maresse, Hall, Richard III. f. 33; marei/s,
W. Mapes, p. 351 ; Maundevile. p. 130 ;
marise, Harrison's England, p. 106 ; Brit.
Bibl. iv. 70.
The mosse and the mnrrnsae, the mnunttez sohye.

Moj-re ^rthure, MS. Lincoln, f.74.

MARE'S-FAT. Inula di/smleriea, Lin.
MARE'S-TAILS. Long, narrow, and irregnlar

clouds, of a dark colour. Var. dial.
MARET. Merit ; desening conduct.

Tha; he syiig anJ say ni) mas the pre-t unwothele.
Both jour maret and jour mede in heven je
schul have,
Fore God hath grauntyd of his grace be his auctorel^.
Be he never so synful joure souiys may he save,
Au<if,Uiu'!< Puems, p. 44

MARGAN. The stinking camomile.

MARGARETTIN. Same as MaJi/elin. q.v.

M.\RG.\RITE. A pearl. {.-I.-N.) A"mar-
gery perl" is mentioned in Pr. Parv. p. 214.

No man right honorable, findcth a precious
stone, beating the splendor of any rich maigrnite,
but straight hasteth unto the beit lapidiste, whose
happy allowance thereof begetteth a rare affecta-
tion, and inestimable valew of the gem.

Hopton's BaruJum Geoilmtuitm, 1614.

M ARGARITON. A legendary Trojan hero, fre-
quently alluded to. See Nares.

MARGE. A mai-gin. See Johnson. Margent,
now a common vulgarism, is sanctioned by
our liest writers.

MARGERY-HOULET. AnowL Kennett MS.

MARGINAL-FINGER. The index mark.

MARGIT. Margaret. North.

MARGTHE. ilarrow. Nominale MS. Marie
is the form used by Chaucer.

MARICHE. A disease of the matrix. .K cer-
tain receptacle in the matrix is termed marri/s
in MS. Addit. 12195, f. 158.

MARIOLE. Little Mary. Heanie.

M.\RK. (1) A hawk is said to keep her mark,
when she waits at the place where she lays
game, until she be retrieved.

(2) A coin worth tliirteen shillings and 4d.

(3) l^ark. TundiUe's Visions, p. 13.

The nyght waxed soon black as pyeke.
Then was the miste bothe mavie and thycke.
MS Cantab. Ff. ii. 311, f. 201.

\4; A nide gutter. Devon.

M.\RK-BOY. A lad employed by g.amblers to
mark the scores.

MAllKE. Mars. The reading in MS. Dot;ce
2'.)1 is "Mars." The whole chapter is omit-
ted in MS. Digby 233.

Right so thos that bene ordeynyd to the werk of
Marke, that is god of bataile.

Vegevius, MS. Lntid. ilG, f. 241.
MARKEL. A kind of night-cap.
MARKES. A marquis. Ord. and Reg. p. 12.

Mii7-kise.\se, the wife of a marquis.
M.VRKET-BETER. A swaggerer. See Tyr-
whitt's Gl. p. 151. A person in a cozy, coju-
fortahle, merry humour, is said in Worcester-
shire to be market-peart. Market-fresh, on
the verge of intoxication, Salop. .Vntitj.
p. 499. Markrl-merry, ti])sy.
MARKET-PLACE. The front teeth. Line.
MARKETS. Marketings ; things bought at

markets. Yorksh.
MARKET-STEDE. A market-place. {A.-S.)
MARL. (1) Marvel See Middleton, iii. 390.
Still in use in Exmoor.
And such am I, I slight your proud commands :
I rnarle who put a bow into your haniLs.

Randolph's l:,emi>, 1643, p. 19.

(2) " To dresse any maner of fish with vine!'<^r
to be eaten colde, which at Southampton they
call marling of fish," Florio, ed. 1598, p. 3.

(3) To manure with marl. See Florio, p. 114 ;
Larabarde's Perambidation, 1596, p. 445.

(4) To ravel, as silk, &c. Devon.
MARLION. The merlin hawk. See Harrison's

England, p. 227; ReUq. Antlq. i. 81.

MARLOCK. (i) A fool. Yorksh.

(2) A frolic, gambol, or vagar)'. North.

MARM. A jelly. Kent.

MARMIT. A pot with hooks at the side.

MARMOL. The same as Mormal, q. v.

MARMOSET. A kind of monkey. Mare miia-
se«, Chester Plavs, i. 244.

MAROT. A nipple. {A.-\.)

MARQUESSE. Marchioness. Shai.

MARR. To spoil a child ; to soil or dirty any-
thing. Palsgrave.

MARR.\M. 'The sea reed-grass. Norf.

MARRET. A marsh, or bog. North.

MARRIABLE. Marriageable. Pakgrave.

MARROQUIN. Goat's leather. (Fr.)

MARROW, (l) X companion, or friend ; a mate
or lover. See Ben jonson, vii. 406. " Pore
husbondes that had no maroiees," Hunttyng
of the Hare, 247. " A marrow in Yorkshire a
fellow or companion, and the relative term in
Paris, as one glove or shoe is or is not mar-
row to another," MS. Lansd. 1033.

(2) A kind of sausage. Westni.

(3) Similar ; suitable ; uniform. North.
MARROW-BONES. The knees. To bring any

one down on his marrow-bones, to make him
beg pardon on his knees. Marrow-hones and
cleavers, important instruments in rough
music, performed by butchers on the occasion
of marriases, &c.

MARROWLESS. Matchless. North.

MARRUBE. Laveniler cotton.

M.\RRY. An interj. equivalent to, indeed !
Marry on us, marry come up, marry com" out,
interjections given by Brockett. Marry and
shall, that I will ! Marry come vp, my dirty

5IAR

5^3

MAS

cousin, a saying addressed to any one who
affects excessive delicacy. " Magnagna, marry
gip sir, true Roger," Cotgrave. Here mamj
gip seems to mean an affirmation, but Giltbrd
says it is a phrase of contempt. See Lillv, ed.
1632, sig. Z. X. " By Mary Gipoy," Skelton,
i. 419. "Marry, verily, truly," MS Lansd.
1033. Marry muff, nonsense.

MARSHALL. The marshall of the hall was the
person who, at public festivals, placed every
person according to his rank. It was his duty
also to preserve peace and order. The mar-
shall of the field, one who presided over any
out-door game.

M.\RSHALSEA-MONEY. The eounty-rate.
East. It is nearly obsolete.

MARSI. Mercy.

A man witheout marai no marsi shall have,
In tyme of ned when he dothe it crave,
But all his lyive go lick a slave.

MS. Jahmole 46

MART. (1) Lard. South.

(2) Mars. Also, war. Spenser,

(3) To seU, or traffic. See Todd. Mariner, one
who marts, Florio, p. 54.

(4) An ox or cow killed at Martinmas, and dried
for winter use. North. " Biefe salted, dried
up in the chimney, Martlemas biefe," Holly-
band's Dictionarie, 1593.

MARTE. Wonders ; marvels. (.-I.-S.)

M ARTEL. To hammer. Spenser.

MARTERNS. The fur of a martin. See Test.
Vetusta, p. G58. Marterons tawed, Booke of
Rates, 1545. In an inventory printed in the
Archaeologia, xxx. 17, mention is made of
" an olde cassock of satten, edged with
matrons."

Ne martryn, ne sabil, y trowe, in god fay.
Was none founden in hire garnement.

Li/dgate, MS. Sue. .ititiq. 134, f. L>.j.

MARTIALIST. A martial man ; a soldier. See
Dekker's Knight's Conjuring, p. 70.

MAKTILL. A marten. Topsell's Beasts, p. 491.

MARTIN. A spayed heifer. MS. Gough (Oxon)
46. See Free-Martin.

MARTIN'S-HAMMER. " Shehasbad Martin's-
hammer knocking at her wicket," said of a
woman who has twins.

MARTIN'S-RINGS. St. Martin's rings were
imitation of gold ones, made witli copper and
gilt. They may have been so tailed from the
makers or venders of them residing within tlie
collegiate church of St. Martin 's-le-Grand.
See Arcb.Tologia, xriii. 55 ; and Brand's Pop.
Antiq. ii. 60.

MARTIRE. To torment. (^.-.V.) Martyrd,
spoilt, Erie of Tolous, 1110.

To mete hym in the mountes, and miirtpre hys

knyghtes,
Stryke theme doune in strates and struye theme
fore evere. .Uoj-fe .4vthure, MS. Linroln, f. 51t.

MARTLEMAS. Martinmas. North.

MARTRONE. The marten. See Martenis.
Spelt martryns in Reliq. .\ntiq. i. 295.

MARVEDI. A very small Spanish coin, thirty-
four to a sixpence.

MARVEL. The herb hoarbound.

MARVELS. Marldes. Si.ffollc.

.MARWE. Marrow. Noiniiialo MS. " Mary

in a bone, mouelle," Palsgrave ; mary-boou,

Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 165 ; Collier's Old

Ballads, p. 69.

The grece of the fox and the mart/ be good for

Ihs hardynge of the synowes. MS. Budl. 54fi

MARY-.MAS. The Annunciation B. V.
MARYN. The sea-coast. (^.-A'.)
MAS. (1) Master.

(2) A mace, or club. {A.-N.)

(3) Makes. Perceval, 1086.

Thou pynnyst hylon, grete yoye thou mns.

MS. Canlnb. F(. ii. 3S, f. 4(i.
Vfi wol se for what resoun
That he suche baptijyng mas.
And whether he be Messias.
Ctirmr Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 7:).
Arghnes also me thinke is harde.
For that mase a man a cowarde.

MS. Shnn. ITlio, f. M.
M.A.SCAL. A caterpillar. Devon. " Mascale

et maltscale, a palmer-worm," MS. Gloss.
MASCLE. Male. Stanihurst, p. 19.

Natheles comuneliche hure mosle love is the
monethe of Janver, and yn that monethc thei renne
fastest of eny tyme of the ;eer bothe mascle and
femel. MS. Bodt. 546.

MASE. (1) To be confounded; to doubt. Still
in use, to turn giddy. Also, a sulistantive,
amazement. " A mazed man, an idiot,"
Devon. Mazy pack, the parish fool. Maze-
lins. silly persons, Cumh. " Maze Jerry
Pattick, mad simpleton," Cornwall Gl.

Here the people are set in a wonderfuU maze and
astonishment, as if witches could plague men in
their wrath, by sending their spirits, because they
confesse they did it, when their spirits do lye and
had no power, but the torments cime by naturail
causes. Gifford's Diah-gue on J^'itches, W:i.

(2) A wild fancy. Chaucer.
MASEDERE. More amazed (A.-N.)
MASEDNESSE. Astonishment; confusion.
MASE LIN. A kind of drinking-cup, sometimes
made of masbn or brass, a metal mentioned in
Gy of Warwike, p. 421, " bras, maslyn, yreu
andstel."

Tables, clothes, bred and wine,
Plater, disse, cop and masflitif.

Ai-thour and Merlin, p. 257.
iiij. c. cuppys of golde fyne.
And as many of mnxkt/n.

MS. Oinlah. Vf ii. 38. f. 122.
Take a quarte of good wyne, and do it in aclene
m«*/e/.(/»i panne, and do therlo an nwnceof satgemme.
MS. Med. Ree. XV. Cent.
MASER. A bowl, or goblet. Tyrwhitt seems
to make it synonymous with maselin. Cotgrave
has, " Jadeau, a bowle or mazer." Masers
made of hard wood, and richly caned and
ornamented, were formerly much esteemed.
Randolph, Poems, p. 92, speaks of " carv'd
mazers." Davies, Ancient Rites of Durham,
ed. 1672, pp. 126-7, mentions several mazers ;
one " largely and finely cdg'd about with sil-
ver, and double-gilt with gold ;" another, " the
outside whereof was of black mazer, and the

MAS

544

JIAU

inside of silver, double-gilt, the edge finely
wrought round about with silver, and double-
gilt."" The niaser was generally of a large
size. " Trulla, a great cuppe, brode and
deepe, suclie as great masers were wont to
bee," Cooper, ed. 1559. " A mazer, or broad
piece todrinkein," Baret, 1580. Mazer wood
is said to be maple.

Off lauycolle thou shall prove,
That is a cuppe to my behove,
Off mosey it is ful dene.

MS. Omtab Ff. V.48, f. 50.
M.\SH. (1) A preparation for a horse, generally
made of malt and bran. I'ar. dial. " A com-
mi.\ture, a mash," Florio, p. 111.

(2) To act furiously. Line.

(3) A marsh ; fen land. I'ar. dial.
MaSHELTON. The same as Maslin, q. v.
MASHES. A great deal. Cot-nw.
MASH-FAT. The vat which contains the malt

in brewing. It is stirred up with a mash-
staff, formerly called a mashel or masherel.
Masfattm, Reliq. Antiq. i. 86. Maskefatte,
Nominale MS.
MASH-MORTAR. AU to pieces. West.
MASIDNESSE. Astonishment. Palsgrave.
MASK. To infuse. AocM.
MASKEUE. Bewildered. (.V.-5.) Still in
use, spelt maskerd, and explained, choked up,
stupified, stifled.
MASKEL. A kind of lace. The method of
making it is described in a very ciu'ious tract
on laces of the fifteenth century in MS. Harl.
2320, f. 62.
M.ASKELIN. A masking, or disguising, ilankiry.

ibid. Mascttler, a masker.
MASKERD. Decayed. \or/h.
MASKIN. An abbreviation of Mass. Still in
use. See Craven Gl. i. 312. AJatkiits, Lon-
don Prodigal, p. 18.
MASKS. Mashes ; meshes. Park.
M.\SLIN. Mixed corn. North. It is gene-
rally made of wheat and rye.
But alleonely of wete,
The majitlyi<ne shul men lete.

SIS. Harl. 1701 , f. 67.
1 say nor cow, nor wheate, nor mnstii/it.
For cow is sorry for her caslh n.

Men Miracles, 1656, p. 6.

MASNEL. A mace, or club.
With an uge ma.^nei
Beves a hite on the helm of >tel,
That Beves of Hamtoun, veraiment.
Was astoned of the dent.

Beves o/ Hamtoun, p. 1G5.
MASONER. A bricklayer. Leic. " A masou-

schypt, petronius,^' Nominale MS.
MASSEL.\DE. A (Ush in ancient cookery, de-
scribed in MS. Sloane 1201, f. 38.
M.ASSELGEM. The same as .Maslin, q. v.
MASSER. (1) A mercer. Lane.
(2) A privy, or jakes. Somerset.
MASSING. Belonging to the mass. Holinshcd,

Chron. Ireland, p. 177.
MAST. " Of wax a miist," a tall wax candle.
And broujt with hyui of wax a iitasr.

Chron, Viloditn. p. 98.

M.-VSTED. Fattened, as pigs are ^th mast,

&c. See Prompt. Parv. p. 151.
MASTER. (I) Husband. Var. dial.
(2) The jack at the game of bowls.
MASTERDOM. Dominion; rule. Masterful,

imperious, commanding.
MASTER-TAIL. The left handle of a plough.
MASTERY. A masterly operation. So the

finding the grand elixir was called.
MASTHEDE. Majesty. This occurs in MS.

Cotton. Vespas. D. vii,
MASTICOT. The mastic gum.
MASTY. (1) A masliff. Nort/i. " To lend a

masty dog," Hobson's Jests, p. 11. Masty

cvrrs, Du Bartas, p. 46.
(2) Very large and big. Line. Possibly con-
nected with Masted, q. v.
MASYE. Confounded ; stupified.
Alas \ for syth and sorow sad,
Momyng makes me nuis^e and inad.

Crcifr's Kicerpta j4titr<jUa, p. Id/.

MAT. May. Songs and Carols, xv.
MATACHIN. A dance of fools, or persons fan

tastically dressed, who performed various

movements, having swords and bucklers with

which thev made a clashing noise.
MATCH, the wick of a candle.
MATCHLY. Exactly ahke. Kennett says,

"mightily, greatly, extremely." A'oj/. In

Lincolnshire, when things are equal or aUke,

they say they are matley or matter.
MATE. To stupify, confound, puzzle, defeat,

deject, or terriify. " He wase ny mate," i. c.

confounded. Torrent, p. 29. Halesye, state

of confusion, Hardyng. f. 96.
MATERE. The matrix or womb.
MATFELON. The herb knap-weed.
M.\TI1. A mowing. Somerset.
MATHEBKU. A kind of wine, mentioned in a

list in MS. RawLC.86.
MATHEN.

Now hndde al tho theves hethen
Ben to-frust doun to vtathen.

Arthour and Merlin, p. .^00.
For he lete Cristen wedde hathen.
And meynt our blod as tiesche and mathen.

Ibid. p. 19.
MATHER. The great ox-eyed daisy.
MATHUM. A fool or changeUng. ITestm.
MATRES. A kind of rich cloth.
MATRIMONY. A wife. ( Lat.)
MATTER. (1) To approve of. North. Mr.

Scatcherd gives exactly the opposite sense.

(2) To burst, as a sore does.

(3) J matter of, about, ir/iat is the matter of
your age, how old are you. No great matters,
no great quantity ; not verv well.

xMATTHEW-GLIN. An old comical term for

metheglin, mentioned by Taylor.
MATTRESS. " Mattressefora crosbowe, 7>iar.

telas," Palsgrave.
MATTY. Matted ; twisted. Var. dial.
JIATWOURTH. The herb spragus.
MAUD. A plaid worn by Cheviot shepherds.
MAUDLIN-DRUNK. Said of persons who

weep when tipsy. " Soiue maudlin drunken

:\iAu

545

were, and wept fuU sore," Yorkshire Ale,

Theaethhrnawdlendrunke.- when a ftll„we will
w«pe for k.adnes in the m.dst of his ale. and kisse
you, saying. By God. captaine, I love thee.

XuM's Pierce Penmlessg, 1592.

MAY

A verb, to defy, Web

• 17, f. 132

V. 48. f. 50,
Maiiky-

Xortk.

J ALDRLNG. .Mnmbhng. Kent.
-MALG. A brother-in-law. .\orti

Vif'rpJ' T^"^'"- Gy»f^^^arwike.p. 188.
MALGRE. In sp.te of. (.^...v.) As a sub.
stantive, misfortune,
ster's Works, ii. 1 / 5.

That salle he, maw^re histethe.
For ajle hisgret araye. ms. Lincoln A.
3e, seid the kyng, be my leute.
And ellis have I mycul maug,i.

-MALKI Maggotty; whimsical.

/leaded, ibid. North
MAUL. (1) A mallow. (2) A moth,
(rf) tlayey, sticky soil. East.

{\\ .'^T^''?™'"" °'' "'''^«*- ' '">■■ dial.
MAUL.\RD. A drake, or mallard.

And with a bolt afterward.

Anon he hitt a maulard.
AfATTPS Ti, ^•'""'"•■'"'d Merlin, f. ISA.

,t^// ^ "^"^^^ "'"=^'>- "•'■«''<' and at.
oven rV P°'^ '° '''''P ^'^^° ^ baker's
HolWt J^" ^rd occurs in the dictionaries of
Hollyband and Miege, and is still in use in the
uest of England.
MAULMY. CL-immy; sticky. East. Probably
the same as Maum (1) '

, f*"^!'; peaceable ; quiet. Aorfh.
(6) A soft bnttle stone. Oj^on

tt 7-« ^"'Z^''''"»»^(- Mawments, pup.
pets, tnfles. North. ' ^

\ril vr, ^''''^^'^* of a coat.

-MAL.ND. (1) To command. Maundement, a
commandment. (^-Z.-A";) '

The king^a„„i,rf him'her strayght to marry.
And for killyng her brother he must dye.

T^ ^k^^^"^' Lanthome and Candle-Light
CQ. lb JO, sig. C. li.

(3) A basket. " A maund or hutch," Florio, p

?■ ,t"H '" "^«- Kennett describes it, "a

chiefly used by market .women to carry btitte;
and eggs; a maund of merchandise in the
15ook of Rates is a large hamper containing
eight bales or two fats." ^

M.AUXDER. (I) A beggar. See Maund (2). I
btUI m use, according to Pegge I

.i„I v"'",'.' "'"' ' l'"^'' »""">"-) was rid a beg-
ging himselfc, and wanted money. ^

thr^i.W i7' " Sr<xmUe; to wander about

Af invi^^,'-' ■ '° "■'""'" '" talking. 1

tnd ^^^■u'',/"'"'^' ^''"T^'^^''- =" each
end. HoweU, 1660, sect. 51 I

II.

Jftr^ix-S^- Abusive; saucy. Glouc
-M.AUNDY-THURSDAY. ke d."v of Chri„s
c mmandment on instituting the Lord^Sup!
\r ^rv J^Iampson, ii. 265.

M\mSF' r^ t'ormandize. IJnc.
M\V\r J^^^'T"^- ReUq. Antiq. ii. 51.

sin;fenI:."!CM°" ^'"'"'"■^•- '^''"^^-

bvBenln'n ^''i ?"*'• Thetermisused
oj iJen Jonson, and others

MtvfN- T^ •'"''^'''^- ^"'"^■
vtvvrc" Remargin. Sussex.

Tri ,; oq tT^*'^^- See Ray's Dirt,
ini. p. 29. Still m use.

Crowes, popingayis, pyes, pekoeks, and ma..,>,

MAVORTLAL""Ta;ral^"-"^^-"^"-'"="-"'-
ilAW.BOUND. Costiv'e. C/5e*A. Evidently

from ,„«„,, ,Ue stomach. (A.-S.) "

MA\^E. Anold game at cards. It wasplaved with

a piquet pack of thirty-six cards, and anv nu" .

il A\VR4'"''r"', ''I?™ '^° '" ''^ '■"""ed the panv.
Aiwi A slattern. I'ar.dial. ^ '

P „ \ ""'"= '^''^>' ' t« ™^er with din,
e. g. when persons are walking alone a
mudd.v road, they ,viU say, Wha? ,na,k^,
work It IS ; and when thev arrive at their

a^f'f^ '"\ "'t ^"''"''^ ^- ^ery likely to
sa, of them, that they are quite ,„a\cled up,"
Mb. Glossary of Lincolnshire Mords bv the
Rev. James Adcock. " Malde up in shame "
covered up ,n shame Firs, SketcLs of Heii^
Vi. p. 91, nhere the amended plav reads
ZX""",-.^ ^dded in a note, ^ from the

tr- - ,"'"'""^'' """'^■'^ is n"t the true
reading «; /east of the old p/au." Mr 0,1
m his Remarks, p. 128, choo^s to cons^uJ
this explanation of the ohlor text into an ab.
^rd conjectural emendation of mv own.
Mmled IS, however, most certainly the cor.
rect reading. " Mayling.clothes,"'cIoths for
Vm.Ti59""'' ^"- ^^P™«e's of Hen;

MAWMEXEE.' A dish in ancient cooken-. de-
scribed in the Forme of Curv, p. 10 .■ mI
bloane 201 f 24 ; AAarner's kI^. Cuiit. p!

,'t\°''''-^'""'eg. pp. 430,455. ^

.MAA\.\. Peat. Heref.

.\IAWPUSES. Money. Line.
A tv-l'?i^^- . Tl.e white-horehound.
A AW^vkr S°" ^nd tasteless. Wore.
.MAM SMX. The stomach of a calf, when pre
pared for rennet, /'ar dial ^

M.\U « ALLOP. Any filthy mess.

-MAXEL. A dunghiU. Kent. Sometimes

majcon, a form of mijcen. "metimes

MA> (1) The blossom of the white-thorn. As

^elcome as flowers in May. heartily welcome.

Ff v.48T.in '" '" ■'^'^■■'" •^'^- *^''"'^''-

35

MEA

5J6

MEA

(2) Maid. A common poetical ■n-ord.

(3) A maze. Somerset.

(4) This proverb is still common :

For who that tloth not whenne he moy,
Whenue he wolde hit wol be nay.

Cursor iluitrii, MS. Cvl. Trin. Cantab, f. UH.

JIAY-BE. Perhaps, far. dial.

MAY-BEETLE. The codcchafer. O.ron. It
is also called the Mav-hug.

MAY-BLOSSOMS. The Uly of the valley.

MAY-BUSH. The white-thorn. Var. dial.

MAY-DAY. The first of May. It was formerly
customary to assemble in the tielils early on
this day, to welcome the return of spring.
Many sports were rife on this occasion.

MAYDEWODE. The herb dog's-fennel.

MAY-G.OIE. A frolic ; a trifle, or jest. A may-
game person, a trifler, now often connipted to
make-game. The expression occurs in IIoHn-
shed, Chron. Ireland, p. 79. " A may-game
or simpleton," West. andCumb. Dial. p. 370.

MAYHAP. Perhaps. Var. dial.

MAY.MOT. Maimed. (A.-S.)

The pore and the maymot for to clothe and fede.

Chron. niodun. p. .11.
And croketteand maymotte falloa there hurre hele.

Ibid. p. 66.

MAYNE. To manage. (^.-.V.)

MAYNEFERE. Tliat part of the armour which |
covered the mane of a horse. It is mentioned
in Hall, Henrv IV. f. 12, mainferres.

M.A.YNPURNOURE. One who gives bail or
mainprise for another person.

Whan Cryste schall sdiewehys wnundys wete,
Than Marye beoure mit!jnpurt>oure .'

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 5.

MAY-POLE. An ale-stake. Coles.
MAY-WEED. The feverfew. lar. dial.
MAZE. A labyrinth cut or trodden on the turf,
generally by schoolboys. I have seen one re-
cently on a hill near Winchester, but the
practice is nearly obsolete. " The quaint
mazes in the wanton green," Shakespeare.
MAZLE. To wander as if stupitied. Ctunb.
MAZZARD. (1) The head. Sometimes corrupted
to mazer. Still in use.

Where thou might'st stickle, without hazard
Of outrage to thy hide and mazzard.

Hudibras, I. ii. 7tl8.

(2) A kind of cherry, far. dial. It is in good
esteem for making cherry-brandy.

MAZZARD LY. Knottv. 'Somerset.

ME. (1) Men. Weber.

(2) Often used redundantly by our old writers.
See Johnson and Xares.

MEACOCK. A siUy effeminate fellow.

And shall I then being fed with this hope prove
Buch a mecocke, or a milkesop, as to be feared with
the tempestuous seas of adversitie.

Grenne's Gwi/doniiis, 1593,
Having thus a love beside her husband, although
hee was a faire man and well featured, yet she found
fault with him, because he was a meacocke and
milksoppe, not daring to drawe his sworde to re-
venge her wrongs ; wherefore she resolved to enter-
taiDe some souldier ; and so she did : for onv Signytir
LambeTto, a brave gentleman, but something hard

facde. sought her favour and found it, and him she
entertained for her champion.

Seu-e.i out of Purgatorie, ISlt'f.

MEADER. A mower. Cortiw.

MEAD-MONTH. July. So called because it
is the season for mowing.

MEADOW. A field shut up for hay, in distinc-
tion to a pasture. Yorksh.

MEAK. The same as Make (2). It is spelt
meak by Tusser, p. 14 ; meek, Howard, House-
hold Books, p. 113.

MEAKER. The minnow. Devon.

MEAKING. Poorly ; drooping. West.

MEAL. (1) The milk of a cow produced at one
and the same milking. North.

(2) A sand heap. Norfolk.

(3) A speck or spot. Weslm.

(4) Meal-bread, bread made of good wheat,
ground and not sifted. Meal-poke, a meal-
bag, Robin Hood, i. 98. Meal-kail, hasty
pudding. Meal-mouthed, delicate mouthed,
using delicate language. Meal-seeds, the
husks of the oats. ''Meal-time, dinner time.

(5) To melt. Becon.

MEAL'S-MEAT. Meat enough for a meal.
Forbv has Mears-victiials. See, ii. 212.

mean! (1) To moan, or lament. Sliak. Some-
times in a supphcatorj- manner, as in Chester
Plays, i. 209.

(2) To signify, or matter. Yorksh.

(3) To beckon or indicate, ll'est.

(4) A female who advocates any cause.

(5) A term in music. " Meane a parte of s
soQge, moyen," Palsgrave. According to
Blount, " an inner part between the treble and
base." Glossographia, ed. 1681, p. 404.

Thi organys so hihe begynne to syng ther messe.
With treble meene and tenor di^cordyng as I gesse.
ht/dgate^8 Minor Poems, p. 54.

(6) To go lamelv. North.
MEANELICHE. Moderate. (A.-S.)
MEANELS. Spots called flea-bites in white-
coloured horses. North.

MEANEYERS. Meanwhile. Salop.

ME.\NING. An indication, or hint. East.

MEAN-WATER. When cattle void blood, they
are said to make a mean-water. Staff.

ME.VR. To measure. Somerset.

MEARLEW-MUSE. " Ayios, blessings and
crossings wliich the papisticall priests doe
use in their holy water, to make a mearlew
niiise," — HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593.

MEASLED. Diseased, as bogs. Var. dial.

MEASLINGS. The measles. East. Skinner
gives meslings, a Lincolnshire word.

ME.\SURE. (1) A slow solemn dance, suited
even to the most grave persons. It is the
translation of bransle in the French .Alphabet,
1615, p. 1.50.

(2) A Winchester bushel of corn.

(3) A vein or layer of ore. MS. Lansd. 1033.
MEASURING-CAST. A tenu at the game of

bowls, meaning that two bowls are at such
equal distances from the mistress that the
spaces must be measured in order to deterrauie
who is the winner. It is used metaphorica.>ly.

MED

547

MEG

MEAT. (1) Food for cattle. (2) To feed. Meat-

irare, beans, peas, ^c. }Ve.^t.
ME.A.TCHLEY. Perfectly well. South.
ME.iT-EARTH. Cultivated land. TJcron.
MEATH. (1) Methegliu. Ben Jonson, v. 15.
(2) " A word frequent in Lincolnshire, as, / ffh-e

thee the meath of the but/ing, I give you tlie

option, or let vou have the refusal," MS.

Lansd. 1033.
ME.\T-LIST. Appetite. Dci-on. The Craven

Glossary gives meat-haa/, i. 316.
MEATLY. Tolerably. Leland.
ME AT- WARD-PEAS. Dry peas that boil ten-
der and soft. Dean Milles' JIS.
MEATY. Fleshy, as cattle. IFest.
MEAWT. To think ; to imagine. Yorish.
MEAZE. The form of a hare.
ME.\ZLE. (1) .\ sow. Fj-moor. It is also a

common term of contempt.
(2) •' A meazell or bhster growing on trees,"

Florio, ed. lGll,p. 9".
ME.\ZON. Mice. Suffolk.
MEBBY-SCALES. To be in the raebby-scales,

i. e. to waver between two opinions. The

may-be scales ?
MEBLES. Moveable goods. {.4.-N.)
MECHALL. 'Wicked J adulterous. Heywood

has niichall, altered by editor to mickle! See

Nares, in v. Michall.
MECHE. A kind of lamp. " ZicAinKS, a meche,"

Nominale MS.
MECREDE. Reward. (^.-.V.)

In hope of suche a glad m^credst
Whiche aftir schalle bifalle iu dede.

Gower, MS. Soc. jlntiq. 134, f. 189.
MED. Mav. /. JTighf.
MEDDLE. '(1) To mix together. Hence it is

occasionally used iorfuluo.

Thus medti/iie sche with joy wo,
And with hyre sorwe joy alle so.

Gower, MS. Cantab. Ff. i.G. f. 2.
(2) To neither meddle or make, not to interfere.

To meddle or make, to interfere, Merry Wives

of Windsor, i. 4.
MEDE. (1) A reward. {.4..S.) Medefully,

deservedly, .-Vpol. Loll. p. 25. Palsgrave has

medefulness.

Sertanly, as I the telle,
He wjlle take no mede.

its. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 49.
(2) Humble. R. de. Brunne, MS. Bowes.
MEDESTE. Midst. Chester Plays, ii. 36.
MEDETARDE. Mead cress.
WEDING. Meed, or reward. (J.-S.)
MEDIX-HILLS. Dunghills.

And like unto great slinkyng mucle medin-hilles,

whiche never do pleasure unto the lande or grounde,

untill their heapesare caste abroade to the profites

of many. Bui/eiu's Dialogue, 1573, p. 7.

MEDLAY. Multitude. Jleher.
MEDLE. A medlar .'

A sat and dinede in a wede.
Under a faire medle tre.

Beves of Hamtoun, p. ."JS.
MEDLEE. Of a mixed stuff, or colour.
MEDRATELE. The herh t/ermandria. See a

list of plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 5.

MEDSINE. Medecine. Lydgate.

MEDWE. A meadow or lawn.

MED-WURT. The herb regina.

MEDYLSOMES. The cords or traces extending
from the first to the last of a team of oxen in
a ]>lougb.

MEDYOXES. Masks divided by the middle,
half man half skeleton. (ImI.)

MEECH. To creep about softly. Kent. Some-
times meecher. See Mich.

MEEDLES. The wild orach.

MEEDLESS. Unruly; tiresome. North.
" Without measure," Hallamsh. Gloss, p. Hi'.

MEEF. To move. Cov. Myst. p. 243.

MEE-FLOOR. At Wednesbury in Statfordshire
in the nether-coal, the second parting or
laming is called the mee-floor, one foot thick.

MEEL. To meddle. Devon.

MEENE. Poor; moderate; middle.

MEEN'ING. A httle shivering or imperfect fit
of an ague. Kent.

MEEON. "Anything enjoyed between two,"
Hunter's Hallamsh. Gl. p. 155.

MEER. (1) A mare. Aorfh.

(2) A cooked kidney. Yorksh.

(3) Meer cot, a country clown. Meer cit, a
citizen ignorant of rural matters.

(4) A boundary. A balk of land which Kennett
terms a meer icalk, is so called in Gloucester-
shire. " An auncient meere or bound whereby
land from land and house from house have
beene divirled," Cotgiave iu v. Saiigle. Huloet
has merestafe, 1 552. " Meer-stnkes, the trees
or pollards that stand as marks or boundaries
for the division of parts and parcels in cop-
pices or woods," MS. Lansd. 1033. Mere-
s/one, a boundary stone, Stanihiu-st, p. 48.
called a meer-stang in Westmoreland. Har-
rison, p. 234, mentions a kind of stone called
meere.fitone.

(5) " Meer is a measure of 29 yards in the knv
peak of Darbyshire, and 31 in the high."
Blount's Glossographia, ed. 1681, p. 410.

MEESE. A mead, field, or pasture. A certain
toft or meese place, Carlisle's Accounts of
Charities, p. 297.

MEET. Even. See Tarlton's Jests, p. 14 ;
Middleton, iii. 262. Still in use. Meets.
Palmer's Gloss, p. 63. To meet with, to be
even with, to counteract.

MEETERLY. Tolerably; handsomely; mo-
destly ; indifferently. North. Meetelie,
tolerably, Holinshed, Hist, of England, i. 54.

MEETINER. A dissenter, one who frequents
a meeting-bouse. East.

MEET-NOW. Just now. North.

MEEVERLY. Easily ; slowly. Yorksh.

MEG. The mark pitched at in playing the
game of quoits. West.

MEGGY-MONNY-LEGS. Themillepes. North.

MEG-HARRY. A rough hoyden girh Lane.

.MEGIOWLER. A large moth. Cornw.

MEGRI.MS. Whims; fancies; bad spirits.
West. Perhaps from the disease so called.
" Megre, a sickenesse, maigre," Palsgrave.

MEL

548

MEL

A. touching the diseases racident to marlialistes,
,hey be tertfan fevers, jaundice, phrens.es. hot

Arer,entn..^e.„wasio,he.y^sydeorh..hedde.

MEG-WITH-THE-WAD. The ignis-fatuus.

MEHCHE. A fellow, or compamon.

WEIGNTENAUNT. Immediately. {A.-.y.)

MEINT. Mbied; mingled. (J-S.)
This white dove with here yen meke.
Whose chekes WLie hir beaut^ for to eke
With lylliesmeyn( and fressl,erooses rede.

Lydgate, MS. AshmiJe 311, t. i».
MEIN Y. A company of followers, or household
attendants-, an army. (.i.-X) Sttll -n -e
in the North of England. " JMiy, a family,
Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.

He had with hjme a meyne there.
As he had ellys where.
Of the rounde uble the kynghtes alle.
With myrth and joye yn hys halle.

MS. Rawlinson C.86

Marrok thoght utturly
To do the queue a veianye,
Hys lu'te for to fulfylle ;
He ordeygnyd hym a companye
Of hvs owne meynyet

That wolde assente hym tylle.

afS. Cantub. Ff.ii. 38. f. /3.
MEITCH. To measure ; to compare. AWM.
MEKE. To become meek. (W.-S.) Mekehede
meekiiess. Mekeliche, meekly. Meh^sly,

MEkJlNEs'sE.'^' Bigness. K.iiMnuch, great

After this ther com apone thame thane a gre e

muUUudeofswyne. that ware alle of a wonderfulle

-*"— ""- '^'^'%Tun.T^X 17. f. ^
Svr. sche seyde. yf ye wylle wytt,
My name at home ys Margaret,

Y swere be God a vowe !
Here liave y mekylle grefe.
Helpe me now at my myschefe.
At some towne that y were

US. Caiitiib. Ff. 11. Jo. r '*•

MELANCHOLY. Used to describe every form

of insanity. HaUamsh. Gloss, p. 65.
MELCH WM; soft. North. Also, damp,

^1E'LDE7' 'S f.U of oats as many as are

dried at a time for a meal. North.
MELE. (I) To speak, or talk.

Of mony merveyles I may of mrfe.
And al is warnynge to beware. Kenior. MS.
He seide, gode mon, with me thou mele.
Desires thou to have thin hele. , ^ , „,

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trm. Canlab. t. 85.
To Loth and to Lyonelle fulle lovefly he v,elv».
Ind to syr Lawncelot de Lake, lordliche wordys
Atld to syr v. ^^^^^ ^„^^,e,MS. Lincl,; f. »l.

This Jacob, that I of melle,
Hetbothe Jacob and IsracUe.

Cursor }lu»di, MS. Call. Tnn. Cdntab. f. 34.

(') ^rthJyt^'ool'fol^ke and delve with as
pikforkls spadus, and schovehs, stakes and rakes.
bokettU. me,«,and paylcs._^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^_ ^^

MELERE. A kind of cake.

De-

MELET. The millet. " ^Iolanus, Anglice a

melet," Nominale MS. f. 7.
MELE-TIDE. Dinner-time. (^- f->
MELL. (1) To mix, or mingle, ^ort/l.
rived from the old word i>/c-«e, q- ^- ^ ^ ,

1 halde this ,nelUde lyfe beste and m.iste byhovely
to thame als lange als thay ere bnwndene therto

MS. Liucotn A. l. 17. L —•>■

(2) A warming-pan. Somerset.

(3) A stain in hneu. North. ..,,„,„,*
4 "In Yorkshire, at carr™ig in of the last

com, the labonrers and ser^-ants by way of
trinmph cry, Mel, Mel, and 'tis a proverbia
question among them, When do >ou get > e ?
i e when do you bring harv-est home, kenuett,
MS Lansd. 1033. The harvest-home supper
is called the mell-supper. .

(5) To s^ving or wheel round -, totui-n anything
slowly about. East.

(6) Between. Nearly obsolete.

(7) The nose. A cant term.
MELL-DOORS. A passage through the middle

of a dwelling-house. !^'orth.
MELLE. (1) To meddle with. (-4.-A-) Hence,
to fighter contend with. Still in use ui the
provmces.^^^ hyt ys with them to melle

MS Cnti'«!>.Ff. 11.38, f. /■>•
But with swyfte pase, as lyones stronge and fell.
Together thay mette and fercelydyd^™e».^_^_^^

In dvspyte of alle the develys of helle.
^ntrowthe wyt many oon scholde no more melle.

MS. Oinltilj. I't. 1. 6, f. 1J4-
(■>) A blackbird -, a kite. (A.-N.)

^'^"""Tnifirt^ymeofthcereshelle

Bebolhecornea„d^mW^.^_^^^^^_^^^_^.^

(41 A hammer, or mallet.

^ ' Tharetore the deeveles sal stryke thaime tharc
With hety mellea ay. and none spare.
" ' Homj-ote, MS. Bowes, p 2110.

The ix. wyffe sele hem ny5e.
And held a melle up on hyje.

MS. Piirkirtglon ll>.

rsl Company. /« meife, together. Gawayne
Ii'eLUNG.- Mixing. (JS.) "ence.copula
tion, as in the foUownng passage. Modern
editors repnihate the indeUcate meaning of
« « in All's ^Vell that Ends Wei , iv. 3, but
its meaning (futuo) is clear beyond the
shadX of a'doubt. " And a talle man with
her dothe melle," Cov. Myst. p. 215.
Like certeyn birdes called vultures,
Withouten mellyug coiiceyven by nature

U/dgiite, iV.'i. ,lthi,wle SO.f. 32.

MELOTTE. A garment worn by monks during

laborious occupations.
MELSH-DICK. A sylvan goblin, the protector
ofhazel-niits from the depredations of mis-
chievous boys. North.
MEL-SILVESTRE. Honeysuckle.
MELT. Spoke. See M'le.

For this tithe that thei dclt,

Caym, that I tofore of melt.

To his brothere ire bare.

Cursor M»ndi, US.CM. Tnn. Canta . f. 7.

:\iEX

549

MEN

MELTE. Two bushels of coals. Kent
MELTED. Heavy, as bread. Devon.
MEMAWS. Trifles. Yorksli. In some coun-
ties it means grimaces.
MEMEKED. Murmured. Gmcayne.
MEMOR.VND. Memorable.

.\re he wtre ded and shuld fro hem wende
A metiiurand thyng to have yn mynde.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 84.
MEMORIAL. A biU of fare.
MEMORIZE. To render memorable. Some
use memory for memorial. Chaucer has
memorie, remembrance.
WEN. Them. West.
MENAGE. Familv. (,^...V.)
MENALTIE. The middle-classes of people.

\\ hich was called the evyll parliamcnte for the

nobililte. the worse for the mCTia/fie, but worste of

nil for the commoualtie. HalVs Uni>»i. 1548.

MEN.WVE. A minnow. It is the translation

of solimicus in Nominale MS.
MENCII. To bruise ; to beat up. Line.
MENCIONATE. Mentioned.
MENDE. Mind; mention.

As thebokismaken mende.

Cower, MS. Sue. Atitiq. 134, f. 2i>0.

MENDENESSE. Communion. (A.-S)
MENDIANTS. Begging friars. (.V.-.V.)
MENDING. A sort of delicate, Christian-like
oath, which at the same time that it expresses
a certain degree of anger, holds out a wish
for the amendment of the offending person.
'* A meiidmg take vou."
MENDING-THE-MUCK-HEAP. A coarse
romping bout of both se.\es tumbling over
one another in a heap. East.
MENDJIENT. Amendmen!. Pakyrave. Ma-
nure is called mendment in some places, as
improving land.

Such a grace was hir lent.
That she come to mendment.

MS. Canlab. Ff. v. 48, f. 43.
MENDS, .\mends ; recompense ; satisfaction;

reformation ; recovery. Var. dial.
MENE. (1) A mean, or instrument. In the
following passage, a mediator. See Arrival
of Edw. IV. p. 32.

Whiche for man be so good a metie.

Lye,ule, MS. Sue. ^Intiq 134, f. I.

(2) To speak, say, or tell. Also, to remember,
Isumbras, 639 ; to devise, ibid. 651.

The linyghtes hert bygane to tene,

Bot he ne wold not hym to uo manne mene,

Bot satt ay stilleals stane.

MS. Lineiihi .\. i. 1", f. 147.
The folke of Egipte coom bidene
Bifore Joseph hem to mene.

Curmr Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Canlab. f. 34.
Leve wo stylleat the queue,
And of the greyhound we wylle mens

That we before of tolde ;
Vij. yere, so God me save,
Kepyd he hysmaystyrs grave,
Tylle that he wexyd olde !

^•S. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 74.

(3) Some kind of blast on the horn, mentioned
m Rehq. Antiq. i. 152.

(■4) To moan. Still in use.

The kyng lovyd welle the quene.
For scho was scmely on to sene

And trewe as sleleon tree;
Ofte tyme togediircau they meene.
For no chylde dime them betwene.
Sore syghed bothe sche and hee !

MS. Cantat. Ff. ii. 38, f 71.
MENELD. Spotted, as animals. It means,

I believe, spotted white and black.
MENEMONG. Of an ordinarv quality.
MENESON. The dysentery. ' (Fr.)
Sende Ipocras, for hys treson.
Soon aftur the meneson.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 139
MENGE. To mix ; to mingle. Still in use in
the North of England.

All ray dedys ben full derke.

For they ben menged with deedly synne.

MS. Omtab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 4.
For the menggyng of the noyse of the see,
And of the flodes that than sallebe.

Hampole, MS. Bmfe8,p. 141.
MENGY. A minnow. Devon. Called a men-
nayn in the North of England. Mennard,
Craven GL 1. 319. Mennons, Rehq. Antiq. i.
85. " Meiiusa, serullm, a menys," Nominale
MS. f. 6. Ducange was apparently unac-
quainted with the exact Iheaning of menusia.
MENNYS. A large common. Kent.
MEN-OF-MARK. Marked men; men picked

out bv the enemy.
MENOUR. A Minorite. (.4 .-A'.)
ilENSAGER. A messenger. Weber.
MENSAL. The book of accounts for articles

had for the table.
-MENSE. Comeliness; decency; propriety;
kindness ; hospitality. Hence, to grace or
ornament. It is of course from the older
wordffiOTwie, given below. j)/e;wA«/, honoured,
MS. Cotton. Vespas. D. \i\.
MENSES. Charity. Yorksh.
MENSKE. Decency ; honour ; manliness ;
respect. Also, to do honour to.
He lovede almous dede,
Povre folke for to fede
With meuske and with manhede.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 130
Uenskede with messes for mede of the saule.

Murte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 95.
For meyisked wit tuin manero scaft
Wald he be that king o craft.

MS. Cott. Vespns. A. iii. f. 4.
MENSONE. Menses.

Bot evene the very trewthe y chull 50U say,

Ry;! as y chave in trewe story full oft y-redde.
That a ^ong lady of Seynt Ede Abbey

Of the blody mensone lay so seke styil in hurr
bedde. Chron. VU'idun.f.m.

MENSTR.^CIE. Minstrelsy. (.^.-.V.)
MENT. (1) Made mention of. {A..S.)

(2) To aim at. Palsgrave.

(3) To be like ; to resemble. South.

(4) Mixed; mingled. North.
MENTLE. A coarse apron. East.
MENUSE. The minnow. From the Med. Lat.

menusia. See Metigy.
MENY. The same as Meiny, q. v. Me7i^ee is
not an uncommon form. " Familia, a menje,"
Nominale MS.

MER

5;,o

M£R

And whenne tythyngez hereof come to kyng
Philippe, he went to mete hym in the felde wiih a
few men^ee. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f> 3.

MEOLLEN. MUls. {J.-S.)
MEPHOSTOPHILUS. A well-known charac-
ter in the old legend of Dr. Faiistus. It was
formerly so common as to be used as a term
of jocular reproach.
MER. Mayor. Hearne.
MERCENRIKE. The kinsdom of Mercia.
MERCERYE. Goods sold''by a mercer.
The chapmen of suche mercerye.

Gower, MS. Sue. Aiitiq. IM, (.81.
MERCHANT. (1) Formerly a familiar form of

address, equivalent to chap.fellom.
(2) A merchant-vessel ; a trader.
MERCHANT-VENTURERS. A company of
merchants, who traded with Russia, Turkey,
and other distant parts.
Well is he tearmd a mefchant-venturer.

Since he doth venter lands, and goods and all,
When he doth travell for his tratfique far.
Little he knowes what fortune may befall.
Or rather, what mis-fortune happen shall :
Sometimes he splits his ship against a locke ;
Loosing his men, his goods, his wealth, his stocke.
The Affectionate Sliephturd, 15W.
MERCHE. The herb smaUage.
MERCIAT5LE. Merciful. (^.-A'.)

Nowe, lady, sith thou canst and eeke wilt
Bee to the stede of Adam mercyfible.

Romance of the Monk, Sion College MS.
That God wol noujt be msrciuble
So gret a synne to forjeve.

Gower, MS. .Soc. Atitiq. 134. f. 125.
The height of the heavens is not so present over
the earth, as is his merciuble goodness over them
that worship him. Becoti's Works, p. 421.

MERCIEN. To thank. {J.-N.)
MERCIFY. To pitv. Spm.'^er.
MERCURY. (1) The wild orache. Line.
(2) White arsenic. North.
MERCY'. / cry you mercy, an old idiom nearly
equivalent to our / beg your pardon.
And thi luffsom eyne two
Loke on me, as 1 wer thi fo !
Cod leniane, I cry the merst/e.
Thou late be all this reufuJl crye.
And telle me, lady, fore thi prow.
What thing may the helpe now.

MS. Ashmutef^lt x». Cent.
MERD. Dune, or excrement.
MERE. (1) A Take. Still in use. " A mere, or
water whereunto an arme of the sea floweth,"
Baret, 1580.

(2) Whole ; entire ; absolute.

(3) A private carriage-road. North.
MERECROP. The herb pimpernel.
MERELLE. The world.

So that undir the clerkis lawe,
Men sen the merelle almis drawe.

GoicCT-, MS. Sac. Antu/. 134, f. 3S.

MERELY. Simply ; wholly ; absolutely. See

Cotgrave, in v. Nu.
MERESAUCE. Brine for pickUng or soaking

meat in. Palsgrave. See the Ordinances

and Reg. pp. 435, 459.
IIERESWYNE. A dolphin.

Grassede as a mereatcyne with corkes fulle hu^e.

Morte Arthure, MS. I.iijcoln, f. 65.

MEREWIS. Marrow. Baber.

MERGHE. Marrow. " The mecf^Ae of a fresche

calfe" is mentioned in MS. Med. Liiic. f. 283 ;

" the merghe of a gose-wenge," MS. ibid. f.

285. It occurs in Nominale MS.

MERGIN. The mortar or cement found in old

walls. Norfolk.
MERGORE. Merrier. Hearne.
MERILLS. The game of morris. {Fr.)
MERIT. Profit; advantage.
MERITORIE. Meritorious. {A.-N.)

And all thy dedis, though they ben good and
meritorye, thou shalt sette at nought.

Carton's Divers Frttyt/ul Ghostly Maters.
How meritorye is thilke dede
Of charite to clothe and fede.

Gotver, MS. Sac. Jntiq. 134, f. 33.

MERKE. (I)Dark; murky. {J.-S.)
For he was lefte there allone,
And vierke nyghte feile hym upon.

MS. Cnntal: Ft. ii. 38, f. 24".

(2) A sign, or mark. (.i.-S.)

(3) To be troubled, or disturbed.

(4) To strike ; to cleave in sunder.
MERKIN. False hair, generally explained ;)«ies

mulier's ascititia. Jordan tells us that spec-
tators at shows often " screwed" themselves
up in the balconies to avoid the fire-works
which " instantly assaulted the perukes of the
gallants and the merkins of the madams."
Why dost thou reach thy merkin, now half dust ?
Why dost provoke the ashes of thy lust ?

Fletcher's PoetM, p. 95.
Mirkin rubs of and often spoiles the sport.

MS. Hart. 7312, p. 124.
MERLE. A blackbird. Drayton.
MERLIN. A very small species of hawk. See
Gent. Rec. ii. 30. Chaucer spells it mertion.
MERMAID. A cant term for a whore.
MEROWE. Delicate. (A.-S.) The copy in
the Auchinleck MS. reads merugh.
I was solytuUand so merowe
That every man callyd me dwarowe.

MS. Cnntab.Vt. ii. 38, f. 112.

MERROKES. The fur of the martern .'
.MERRY. ( 1) The wild cherry. Aubrey's Wills,
Royal Soc. MS. p. 136.

(2) Fair, applied to the weather. Merryweather
was formerly an idiomatic phrase for joy,
pleasure, or dehght. Mery, pleasantly, Harts-
horne, p. 46.

Men/ tyme is in aperelle.

That mekyll Bchewys of manys wylle ;

In feldys and medowys flowyrs spryng.

In grovys and wodes foules syng ;

Than wex jongmen jolyffe.

And than prevyth man and wyffe.

MS. Ashmole 61, xv. Cent.

Whi, doith not thi cow make myry-wedir in thy dish f

MS. Dijhy 41, f. 8.

(3) The following proverb was a great favourite
with our ancestors, —

'Tis merry in hall.
When beards wag all !
MERRYBAUKS. A cold posset. Derb. "A
sillibub or merribowke," Cotgrave.

MES

551

MET

MERRY-BEGOTTEN. Illegitimate. North.

MERRY-DANCERS. A name for the Northern
lights, or aurora horealis.

MERRY-GO-DOWN. An old caut term for
Strom; ale, or huffcap.

ilERRY-MAKE. Sport. See Nares.

MERRYNESS. Jov. Palsi/raee.

MERRY-NIGHT. A rustic ball ; a night appro-
priated tn mirth, festivity, and various amuse-
ments. North.

MERRY-TROTTER. A swing. North. The
meritot is mentioned by Chaucer. " Merry-
trotter, a rope fastened at each end to a
beam or branch of a tree making a curve at
the bottom near the floor, or ground, iu which
a child can sit, and holding fast by each side
of the rope is swung backwards and forwards,"'
.MS. Yorksh. Gloss.

MERSEMENT. Fine or amercement. See
the Ge>ta Romanorum, p 288.

MERSHALLE. One who attends to horses ; a
farrier ; a blacksmith.

MERSMALEWE. The marshmallow, men-'
tiouedin MS. Sloane 5, f. 2.

MERTH. Greatness; extent. Cumb.

MERTILLOGE. A martyrology. It occurs in
Nominnle MS. xv. Cent.

MERVAILLE. Wonder; marvel. (^.-.V.)

MERY. Marrow. " The mery of a gose," Ber-
ners, sig. A. ii. See Merghe.

MERYI). (1) Dipped; soaked.

(2) Merit. Audelay's Poems, p. 26.

MESANTER. Misadventure. (.^.-.V.) Still
in use, pronounced miihanter.
.^nd therwith ribbes four.
The painem starf with niiiantoxtr.

Arthour ftn<i Merlin, p. 22'J.

MESCHAUNT. Miserable; wicked.

MESCHEVE. To harm, or hurt. {^.-N.)

For jong menne, oftenc tyracs traystand to mekille
in thaire aweiine doghtynes. thurghe thaire awene
foty ere meschevcd. JJf.S. Linmln .\. i. 17, f. 3.

MESE. (1) To soothe. Northumd. It occurs
in the Towneley Myst. p. 175.

(2) A meal. Perceval, 455, 486.

By Hyra that werede the crowne of thome.
In warre tyme blewe he never his home,
Ne darrere boghte no mef^e.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 140.

(3^ Moss. Dorset.

MESELRYE. The leprosy. (^.-iV.)

And sum hadde vysages of meselrye.
And some were lyke foule maumetrye.

MS.Harl.lldi, f. 68.
MESEYSE. Trouble. St. Brandan, p. 24.
AUe the selie men that hy mvjte fynde.

That povere and feble were,
In siknesse and in meseyse,

Hy hem brojte to-gydere there.

MS. Trin. Coll. Oion.ST-
MESH. 0) A marsh. South.
(2) .\ gap in a hedge. Tf'est.
MESNE. Means.

MESON. The mizen mast. Pahgrave.
MESPRISE. To despise, or contemn. {A.-N.)
MESS. (I) To muddle. Var. dial.
(2) To mess meat, to sort it in messes for the

table. A party of four people dining to.
gether was called a mess, a term which is still
retained in the army for the ofScers' dinner.
Lower messes, parties at the lower end of a
hall at dinner.

(3) Truly ; indeed. Cumb. Perhaps from the
old oath. By the mass !

(4) To serve cattle with hay. Jf'est.
fa) A gang, or company. East.
.MESSAGE. A messenger. (A.-N.)
MESSE. (1) The mass. {A.-S.)

(2) .\ messuage or tenement.

(3) The Messiah. Sharp's Cov. Myst. p. 96.
MESSEL. (1) A leper. It is used in old pl.iys

as a term of contempt.

So speketh the gospel of thys vertu
Huw a mesi/l come to Jhesu.

MS. Uarl. 1701, f.76.
(2) A table. Nominale MS.
MESSENE. To dazzle the eyes. Pr. Party.
MESSET. Acur. "Dame JuUa's messet," Hail's

Poems, 1646. Still in use.
MESTE-DEL. The greatest part. {A.-S.)
MESTIER. Occupation. {A.-N.) Seethe Boke

of Curtasve, p. 15.
ilESTORET. Needed. Ritson.
MESURABLE. Moderate. (,^..iV.) Mesure,

moderation.
MET. (1) A bushel. Some writers say, two

bushels. Met-poke, a narrow bag to contain

a met. See Carlisle on Charities, p. 298.

(2) A limit or boundary. {Lai.)

(3) Measured. Also, to measure. A measure
of any kind was so called. See Wright's
.\nec.Lit. pp. 106, 108.

First forthi shewe we hegh mesure, that es to:iay

howe any Ihynge that has heght may be met howe

hegh it es, and this may be done in many manere^^.

MS.SIt'ans iil.'i.

I knowe the mett weile and fyne.

The lenjte of a snayle. MS. Porkiv^ton UK

(4) Dreamed. {.4.-S.)

Also he met that a lampe so bryjt
Hongede an heyje upouQ that tre.

Chron. Viludun. p. L'6

METAL. Materials for roads. .Korth.
METE-FORME. A form or long seat used foi
sitting on at dinner-time.

And whennehis swerde brokenewas,

A mete-forme he gatt percas.

And there-with he ganne hym were.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. U'O

METEING. Dreaming. {A.-S.)
In this time Lot the king
In bed was in gret meteing.

Arthour and Merlin, p. Ul

METELLES. Dreams. {A.-S.)

In thys best ys forhode alle manere mawmctrye,
ydolatrye, wychecraft, enchantementes, redynggeof
metelles and alle mysbyleve. MS. Bume]/ 356, f. 85.
METELY. Measurely ; fitly.

of heijte he was a melely mon,

Nouthor to grete ny to smal.

Curtor Mundi. MS. Coll. Trin. Cantitb. f. 115.

METER. Fitter. (.4...S.)

In whiche dovnge he thought polecie more merer
to be used then force. Halt's Union, 1S4«.

METERER. A poet. Drayton.

MEY

552

MIC

METE -ROD. A measuring rod. SeeWithals,
ed. 1608, ]). 60. Mete-wand, Becon's Works,
p. 5. " Metwand of gold," Davies' Rites,
ed 1672, p. 159.
.METESEL. Dinner-time. (J.-S.)
METHE. (1) Courteous. (A.-S.)

Thou was mcthe and meke as raay«l«ne for mylde.
MS. Lmcoln A. i. 17. f. 231.
Alle that raeyne mylde and niech
Went hem into Nazareth.

OirsorMuridi,MS. Cull. Trin. Omtab.{.76.

(2) Mead; metlieglin. See HoUnshed, Hist.
England, i. 194 ; W. Mapes, p. 350 ; Nuga;
Poetics, p. 10. Metlieglin was anciently
made of a great variety of materials. See a
receipt for it in MS. Sloane 1672, f. 127.

(3) To choke, or breathe hardly. Cumb.
METHFUL. Tired: weary. {.i.-S.)

I am melh/ui for I slepe.

And I raas for Laverd me kepe.

MS, Cotrot). Vesvas, D. vii. f. 2.
METHRID.\TUM. An antidote against in-
fection, so called from Mithridates, its re-
puted inventor.

But what brave spirit could l>e content to sit in
his shop, with a tiapet of wood bc-fore him, selling
Methridalum and dr.agons water to infected houses.
The Knif.'ht of thu Burtiiiig Pe.'tle, 1G35.
METICULOUS. Timorous. It occurs in Top-
sell's Historie of Serpents, 1608, p. 116.
METRETIS. Measures. Baber.
METREZA. A mistress. (I/al.)
METRICIENS. Writers in verse.
METROPOLE. A metropolis. It occurs in

HoUnshed, Conq. Ireland, p. 4.
METTER. A measurer. Xorth.
METTES. Manners ? Plei/s, Harl. MS.
For to reffe hyme wykkydly
With wrange mettes or maystry.

K tie Brtinne, MS. Dowea, p. 10.
MEVE. To move. {a.-N.)
MEVERLY. Bashful ; shy ; mild. North.
MEVY. The tlirush. Brmnne.
MEW. (1) Mowed. Yorksh.

(2) To moult. Hence, to change the dress. A
cage for moulting hawks was called a mewe.

For the better preservation of their healtli they
strowed mint and s.age about thum ; and for the
speedier metviug of their feathers, th^y gave them
the slough of a snake, or a tortoise out of the shell,
or a green lizard cut in pieces.

Auhrey's Wills, MS. Roj/nl Soc. p. 341.

(3) A stack of com, or hay. North.
MEWET. Mute; dumb. (A.-N.)
MEWS. (1) Moss. Exmoor.

(2) Public stables. I'ar. dial.

MEWT. The dung of a hawk. It is applied to

a dog in Du Bartas, p. 584.
MEYND. MLved ; mingled.

off rody colour meynd somdelle with rede.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f Ua.
She meynd her weeping with his blood, and kissing

all his face,
(Which now became as cold as yse) she cryde in

wofull case,
.Alas, what chaunce, ray Pyramus, hath parted thee
and roee. Golding^t Ovid, Lw;.

MEYNE. The company or crew.

Whanne al wasredy, meyw^and vitaille,
They bide not but wynde for to saille.

MS. Dichu 230, XV. Cent.
MEYRE. A mayor. " Prteses, a meyre," MS.

Egerton 829. f. 78.
MEYTE. Meat ; dinner.

Off hym shalle we la; alle

.\t the /weyrewhen that we bene.

MS. Canlab. Ff. v. 48, f. 53.

MEZZIL-FACED. Red with pimples. Lane.

From the old word mesel?
MICH. To skulk, or hide secretly; to play
truant. " That mite is miching in this grove,"
Lilly, ed. 1632, sig. Aa. ix. ilinsheu has,
" to miche, or secretly to hide himselfe out of
the way, as truants doe from schoole." It is
still used in exactly this sense in the provinces.
" To miche, to shrug or sneake in some cor-
ner, and with pouting lips to shew anger, as an
ape being beaten and grinning with his teeth ,"
Florio, p~ 6. " Miche, to creep softly," MS.
Y'orksh. Gl. Micher, deiived from this verb,
may be explained, a sly thief, one who steals
things of small value, or more usually, a tru-
ant or skidking fellow. " .Mecher, a lytell
thefe, laroneeau," Palsgrave. It occurs in
Rom. of the Rose, 6541, where the A. N.
original reads lierres, voleur. " Theyves,
mychers, and cut-purse," Kennett, p. 105.
Grose has, " Miehers, thieves, pilferers," as a
Norfolk word, and it is also given in the same
sense in MS. Lansd. 1033. " Thefes and
mychers keyn," Towneley Myst. p. 216. " .\
blackberry moucher, an egregious truant,"
Dean ilUles' MS. p. ISO. theappUcation of
the word in the sense of truant is often found
in later writers, as in Shakespeare, who is
well illustrated by the following passage, " in
the Forest of Dean to mooche blackberries,
or simply to mooch, meansto pick blackberries,
and blackberries have thus obtained there tb<>
name of mooches," Heref. Gl. p. 69. " Fy,
fy, it will not beseme us to playe the mychers,"
Elyot, ed. 1559, in v. Apage. " How like a
micher he standes, as though he had trewanted
from honestie," Lilly's Mother Bombie, 1594.
" Circnmforamis, a mycher," Nominate MS.
" Mike, to idle, loiter," Salop. Antiq. p. 505.
It was often used as a term of contempt ;
Hollyband gives it as the translation of
caignard, and Cotgrave has, " Chiche-face. a
chichiface, micher, sneake-bill, wretched fel-
low."
Another should have spoke us two betweene,
But, like a meacher, bee's not to be scene,
Hee's runne away even in the very nick.

MS, Poems, svii. Ctnt.

MICHE. (1) Much; great. jlJicAe/, greatncs .
Myclten, much, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 47.
Alle the mycAe tresour that traytourhad wonnene.
To commons of thecontre, clergye and other.

Marte Arthurs, MS. Ltnco/n, f. (>tj.
For hir mi luf is miche, I wene.

G«y of iVurwick, p. fi.

(2) -A kind of rich fur.

(3) .A loaf of bread. " With-oute wyn and miche,"
Reliq. Antiq. ii. 192.

MID

553

MICHEL. Michaelmas. Tusser, p 19
MICHELWORT. EUeborus albusf See a list

of plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 5.
MICH-WHAT. Much the same. North.
MICKLE. Much; great. North. Heuce
mickles, size, greatness.

Owe he oujt mycuUe in thecuntre.

J/S. Cantab. Kf. v. 48, f. 47.

MICKLED. Benumbed. Exmoor.
MID. (1) Might. Somerset.

(2) The middle; the centre. Cumi.

(3) M'ith. Kyng .Alisaundcr, 852.
MID..\LLEY. The nave, or middle aisle.
MIDDEX. Adung-hill. North. Rav spells

It nnddmff, and thinks it is derived from niui!.
It is also a contemptuous name for a %-pr.v
dirty woman. Midden-erou; the carrion crow';
also called a midden-daup.

A fowler mtjddyng of vyiej-n (

Sawyst thou never in londe of peese.

3IS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 29. '

A fowler myddi/ng sawe you never mine.

Than a mane es wyth flesche and bone.

lrTT^^.T,o Hanip..fe, MS. Bowes, p. 3(i.

illUDES. The middle, or midst. Middes-

parf, the centre of anything.
MIDDLE-BAND. The small piece of pliable
leather or skin which passes through the two
caps of a flail, joining the hand-staft" and
swingle. Var. dial.
MIDDLE-EARTH. The worid. (^.-5.)
And had oon the fejTest orchard
That was yn alle thys muddyll-erd.

US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 129
JIIDDLE-SPEAR. The upright beam that
takes the two leaves of a barn-door. In York-
shire it is termed a mid- feat her
MIDDLE-STE.\D. The threshing-floor, which

is generally in the middle of a bam. East
MIDDLING. Not in good health. Wore. '
Middling-sharp, tolerably well. I

MIDDLING-GOSSIP. A go-between. I

MIDGE. A gnat; a verv small flv. Hence
apphed to a dwarf. North. "A mvge,
sieoma,'' Nominale MS.
MIDGEN. The mesentery gland of a pig.

Also termed a midgerim.
MIDIDONE. Quickly; immediatelv. It is
wrongly explained by Weber, the only glossary
in which the word occurs.

Gii is ogain went ful sone,
And al his feren midt/dt/ne.

Cy of fVarwike, p. 69.
The cherl bent his bowe sone.
And smot a doke mididone.

.-trthour and Merlin, p. 154.
MIDJ.WS. Small pieces ; mites. Comw
M I D LE G. The calf of the leg.
MID-MORN. Nine o'clock, a. m.
MID-OVERXONE. Three o'clock, p. m. It

occurs in MS. Cotton. Vespas. D vii
MIDREDE. The midriff. '• hiafragma, a

mydrede." Nominale MS.
M1DSUM.\IER-D0R. The May-bug. Cambr
MIDSUMMER-MOOX. It is Midsummer Moon

with you, i. e. vou are mad.
MIDWAED. Towards the middle. (^.-5.)

MIL

The bryght helmc was crokcd downe
Unto the mydward of hys crowne.

US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38. f Ifil

MID-WINTER. Christmas. (.4..S.)

Whas never syche noblay in no manys lyme
Mad in Mydwynftr in tha Weste m.irchys.

,,,„ „ Jforfe Ai-thure, 3IS. Lincoln, f. o.i.

Mlh. To pound, or beat. Hence miere a
mortar, an instrument for breaking or pound-
ing anything. •' Micatorium, a mvere "
NommaleMS. See Ducange, in v. Micatoria.
which IS glossed by A. N. esmieure.
MIFF. (1) Displeasure ; iU-humour, but eene-
I rally in a slight degree. Var. dial.

Deal Gainsborough a lash, for pride so stiff,
VVho robs us of such pleasure for a mff.
fcs , ^"^^ P'ndar, i. SI.

(2) A mow, or nek. North.
MIFF-MAFF. Nonsense. North
MIFFY. The devil. Glouc.
MIG. Mud. (^..S.)

-MIGHELL. Michael. Palsgrave. .Mihill is
very common in old writers.

The sothfastenes and nothing hele,
That thou herdest of seynt My-,hete.
Cursor Mundi,3IS. OdI. Trin. Cantab t llll
MIGHTFUL. FuU of might ; powerful
MIGHTSOMNES. Power. It occurs in MS.

Cotton. Vespas. D. vii.
AIIGHTY. Fine ; gay. Soinerset.
MIGNIARD. Tender ; deUcate. (Fr )
MIGXOX. To flatter. (Fr)
MIHTIXGE. Power. (,V.-i.)

For I knew noht boke writen swa.
In thi milMnges, Laverd, in sal I ga.
VrtVlTT IVTrv I • •««• %<-'-'o" i;i4. f. 47.

-Mlhi-L-AND. Increasing. It occurs in .MS

Cotton. Vespas D. vii.
MIKELHEDE. Greatness ; extent ('•/-f-i
ImILCE. Mercy; pity. (.4..S.) ''

I Thurch his milce was y-bore.

And bought al that was forlore.
I Arth'jur and Mm-Hn, p. 26.

MILCH. White. Hamlet, ii. 2. DoUce has
confused this term with milce, Hlust ii 2^8

MILCHY. Melted corn. Conm:

MILD. Gentle-flavoured. Var. dial.

MILDER. To moulder; to turn to dust. Line

MILDNESS. Mercv. Lydgate.

MILE Michael. Ea.H. Jennings has .V,7e„m
Michaelmas.

MH^m'^^'??^''^.!^- ^'^n- long miles. West.

MILFOL. Merciful. Heante.

MILGIX. A pumpkin. Norf. Pies made in

that shape are called viilgin-pies
MILK-BROTH. Gruel made with milk. East.
MILKEE. To milk a Uttle. Somerset.
MILKER. A cow that gives mdk
MILK-FORK. A forked branch of oak used

for hanging the milk-pails on.
MILK-LEAD. A cistern Uned with lead, used

for laying milk in. West.
MILKXESS. A dairy. Also, any white dishes

made with milk. North.
MILK-SELE. A milk-pail. " Multrale, a mylk-

sele," Xominale MS.
MILKY. To milk. Wilts.

35*

MIX

554

MIN

MILL. To rob, or steal. " Mill a ken, rob a
house," Dekker'sLanthome andCandle-Light,
ed. 1G20, sig. C. ii.

M1LLARS-C0.\TS. Brigandines. ' • ' '

MILLED. Tipsy. Newc.

MILLED-JIONEY. Was first coined in this
country in 1561. It is frequently alluded to
by our early writers. ■' Fortie Mark Mil-
sLxpences," Citye Match, 1639, p. 14.

MILLER. The iar?e white moth.

MILLER.\Y. A e.'^\i coin worth Us.

MILLER'S-THUMB. The buU-head, a small
fish. " No bigger than a miller's thumb," a
common simile.

Therefore as I, who from a groom.
No bigger than a miller's thumb.

Cotton's irorks, 1734, p. 139.

MILLETS. A disease in the fetlocks of horses.
Topsell, 1607, p. -431.

MILL-EYE. The hole through which the
grinded corn falls below.

MILL-HOLMS. M'atery places about a mill-
dam, MS. Lansd. 1033. jiiiWunis, Hallamshire
Gloss, p. 117.

MILLON. A melon. Palsgrave.

illLL-STONE. To see into a milUsfone, to
fathom a secret. To weep mill-stones, not to
weep at all.

MILN. A mill. Milner, a miller. " Assitus,
a mylnerpyt," Nominale MS. Mylnestons,
Reliq. .\ntiq. i. 81.

And so fell in the chase of them, that many of
them were slajlie, and, namely, at a mt/lene, in the
medowe fast by the towne, were many drownyd
many rann towards the towne; many to the
churche, to the abbey, and els where, as they best
mygbt. Arrival of King Edceard iV, p. 30.

MILOK. Hicmello, mellonis, Anglice, a melotm
or mvlok, MS. Bib. Reg. 12 B. i. f. 17.

MILSFOLNESSE. Mercy. {J.-S.) " Sheu
mylsfolnesse," Reliq. .-Vntiq. i. 88.

MILT. (1) The rot in sheep. West.

(2) The soft roe of a fish. Yorksh.

MILTHE. To pity ; to pardon. {A.-S.) It oc-
curs in MS. Cotton. Vespas. D. vii. Mylt,
made merciful, Octovian, 249.

MILWY'N. Green fish. Lane.

MIM. Primly silent. Mimminy primminy has
a similar meaning.

MIMMAM. A bog. Berks.

MIMMOCKING. Punv; weaklv. West.

MIN. (1) The lesser. (Germ.) '

(2) Man. Used in contempt. West.

MISATING. Threatening. {Lat.) See Hay-
ward's Queen Elizabeth, p. 58.

MIN'CE. To walk in an aifected manner.
•' To jump about," MS. Devon Gloss. Don't
mince the matter, do not conceal or soften
anything in it.

MINCH. A nun. .VyncAys, Wright's Monastic
Letters, p. 228. The nimnery at Littlemore
is still cjiUed the mincherj'. " This house of
mvnchyn," MS. Cantab. Dd. viii. 2.

There was a mi/nchun withinne that abbay tho.
The wheche was come off heyje lynage.

Chron. Viiiidun. p. 110.

MIXD. (1) To remember ; to observe ; to notice
particularly. Var. dial.

(2) To watch ; to take care of. West.

(3) Tooi in mintl, was offended.

(4) To intend. Middleton. i. 179.
MINDE. Remembrance. {A.-S.)
MINDING. Recollection. West.
MINE. (1) To penetrate. (^.-A'.)

(2) To long for. Deron.

(3) Mien ; countenance. Shai.

(4) -Any kind of mineral. Kent,

(5) Was formerly a familiar adjimct, sister-mine,
brother-mine, &c. '* Mam, mother-mine, or
mammie, as children first call their mothers,"
Florio, p. 297. Mother ofmee, Hotiman. 1631.

MINE-E.\RTH. A white earth near the surface
of the ground, a certain sign or indication of
iron ore or iron stone. Staff.

MINEVER. The fur of the ermine mixed with
that of the small weasel. The white stoat is
called a muiifer in Norfolk.

MING. (1) To mind or observe. To ming at
one, to mention. North. To ming the
miller's eye out, i. e. to begin more than your
materials suffer you to complete.

(2) To mb[ or mingle. To ming bread, to knead
it. East.

Hys sorow mi/ngt/d aWe hys mode,
Whan the corps in army^ he hente.

its. Harl. ■2-252, f. 133.

MINGE. To mention. Still in use. Mingd, '
Batchelor's Orthoep. .\nal. p. 138.

MINGINATER. " One that makes fret-work ;
it is a rustick word used in some prat [part]
of Yorkshire," Ray ed. 1674, p. 33.

MINGING. The same as Meening, q. v.

MINGLE. (1) A contr. for mine ingle.

(2) A mixture. Mingle-t^tm-por, mingle-mangle,
a confused mixture of anrthing. " A mingle
mangle of manie matters in one booke,"
Nomenclator, 1585, p. 5. " Such a confused
mingle mangle, and varietie of apish toyes in
apparrell," Wright's Summons for Sleepers.
1589. See Florio, pp. 93, 404.

MING-WORT. Wormwood. North.

MINIFER-PIN. The smaUest sized pin of the
common sort. East.

MINIKE. Trifling; cheating.

MINIKIN. (1) Small; deUcate ; elegant. "To
minikin Nan," Tusser, p. x.xv. " .V minikin,
a fine mincing lass," Kennett, MS. " A
minikin wench, a smirking lasse," Florio, p.
315. Still in use in Devon.

(2) A lute-string. It was properly the treble-
string of a lute or fiddle. Nares's explanation
is wrong, and the quotations given by Mr.
Dyce, Middleton, ii. 127, do not establish his
definition. " Leute stringes called mynikins,"
Brit. Bibl. ii. 407.

MINIM. (1) The minnow. Somerset.

(2) A kind of brov\Ti tawny colour.

MINION. (1) A kind of gun. " Minions aU,"
Gaulfrido and Bamardo, 1570. Bourne, In-
ventions or Devises, 1578, mentions it a>
requiring shot three inches in diameter.

MIX

555

MIS

(2) Pleasant ; agreeaWe. (Fr.)

The straunge pagiauntes, the behavior of the
lordes, the beautie of the lailies, the sumptuous
feast, the delicate viander, the inarciall justes. the
fierce turnais, the lustie daunccs, and the mininn
'""S'^s- Hull, Hmry Wl. f. B6.

MIXISII. To diminish.

WherAire to abbridge his power, and to ntiitishf
his authoritie, they determined to bryng hym into
the hatred of the people, and into the disdain of the
""•'ilitie. Hill. Henri, ri. (. 81.

MINISTERS. Minstrels. C/iaucer.
-MIMSTRES. Officers of justice. (,V.-.V.)
MINK. To attempt ; to aim at. East
MINK-ME.\T. Mixed food for fowls, &c. Eas/.
MINKS. .\ kind of fur. (Fr.)
.MINXE. To think ; to remember. (J.-S.)
-Man, my mercy yf thou hyt mj/nut'd,
I have the yt shcwyd on many wyse,
Sythen the tyme that thou fyrste synned
Ajeiiste my heest in paradyse.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. I7.
The clowdysovyr-caste, all lyjt was leste,
Hys my5t was more then ye myjt mi/,i,ie.

-MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 33, f. 47.
Syr ofonethiogel wolle you nii/nne.
And beseche you for to spede.

SIS. Harl. 2252, f. 88.
MIN'NETS. Small pebbles, &c. Vnr. dial.
Small particles of anything are called min-
ue/soiis, or minittoom.
And alle the "L(/ni/.vjio»v5 of that nayle.
That weron fyled of that nayle with the file.

Clinn. riVr.(ii/n.p. 41.

MINXIN-OX. A luncheon. Yorksh.
MIXNOK. One who atfects much deUcacy. East.
Tliis is the reading of the 4to. ed. iii Jlids.
Niglit's Dream, iii. 2. Forhy considers it the
right reatUng, but the foho miniick, an actor,
is no doubt correct.
MIXXY. Mother. North.
MIXXYXG-D.\Y. The anniversary festival in
which prayers were offered up for the souls of
the deceased. (.-l.-S.)

A solempoe feste make and holde
On hys wyvys wi/unyng-dajy.

Jfs. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 244.

MIXORESSE. A nun under the rule of St.

Clare. Chaucer.
MIXOUR. A miner; an excavator.
Mt/nui-s they irake yn hyllys holes.
As yn the We^t cuntr^ men seke coles.

MS. HdW. 1701, f.71
MINTE. (1) To intend. Also, intended. StUl
used in Lincolnshire, to endeavour.
To here hym downe he had mi/nte^
In hys schylde hesyethe dynle.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 247
(2) To aim ; to strike, or heat.

Tryamowreat hym come mt/ute,

Hys swerde ftlle fro hym at that dynte.

To thegrowi.de can hyt goo I
Then was Burlondefullegla.id,
And that lady was sore adradd ;
Knyghtys were fulle woo !

MS Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 81
Wyth grete wrath he can ms/nte.
But he fayled of hys dynte.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii 38, f. 189

(3) To resemble. Somerset.

(i) A mite. Min/i/. mitv. U'e.st.

(5) Gold. See Brit. Bib'l. ii. .521.

^6) To invent, or feign. Nor/h.

Many times pretending an mdisposition of health,
or some other raiWfrf excuse, to prevent her journey,
by remaining th-re where shee had planted her
fancy. Tlie Two Lancashire U^vers, 1640, p. 60

.MIXUTE. A mite. '• To a mimite, accurately,

not only as to time, but also as to knowledge"

Heref. Gloss, p. 67.
MIP. A nymph.

MIPLIN. A delicate feeder. Derb.
-MIR. A marsh, or bog. (.-l.-S)
.MIRCIIIVOUS. Mischievous. Deton.
MIRE-BAXK. A separation. Aorf.
.MIRE-DRU.M. A bittern. " A myrdrumnvll

or a buture,'' Ortus Vocab. North.
MIRGURRE. Merrier; more pleasant.

That hee had delyveryd hym ou;t of his peynne,

And broujt hym into a mirgune plase.

Oinm. Vilorlun.\>.\-2b

MIRI. Merry ; pleasant. (A.-S.)
Floures schewen her borjoun,
Miri it is in feld and toun.

MTTii.-T' / ^rthour and Merlin, X'-^

MIKKE. (1) To darken. Patsyrme. (2) Dark
IloUnshed, Hist. Scot. p. 51. (3) Darkness.
5yf thou brake ever any kyrke.
On day or yn nyjt, yn nuirke.
Thou artaeursed, thou woste weyl.

MS. Harl. 1701. f. l.'i.
MIRKSHUT. Twihght. Glouc
.MIRKSOME. Dark. Spenser.
-MIRL. To pine ; to grieve. North.
MIRSHTY. Mischief. Somerset.
MIRTHE. To rejoice. It occurs in MS. Cot-
ton. Vespas. D. vii. {A.-S.) Mlrthes, tunes,
Tristrein, p. 204.
MIRTLE. To crumble, as ground, &c. North.
MISAGAFT. Mistaken ; misgiven. Sit.ssex.
MISAGREE. To disagree. {A..N\
MIS-BEDEX. Toinjm-e. iA..S\
MISBEHOLDEX. Disobliging. North
MIS-BEYETE. A bastard. (AS)
MIS-BORXE. Ill-behaved. Chattier.
MIS-C.-VLL. To abuse. North.
.MIS-C.\S. Misfortune. See Isumbras, 784.

Miscasualty, an unluckT accident. East
MISCHEFE.(l) Misfortune. {A.-N.) It is in
very common use for injury. To hurt, or in-
jure, Robinson Crusoe, p. 177. Sometimes,
to destroy, to kill.

Kyng Ardus of Arragone
Comerydyng tothe lowne.

And sawe them fyght in fere;
Hyt dud the kyng mekylle grefe.
When he sawe the chylde af my.Kchefe,
That was hym leve and dere !

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 77.
(2) The devil. Somerset.
MISCHIEF-XIGHT. Mav-eve. Yorlcsh
MISCOMFORTUXE. Misfortune. Miscomhap

mishap. Suffolk.
MISCONSTER. To misconstrue.

Thcodorus, the atheist, complayned that his
schollers were woont, how plaine soever hee spake.

MIS 5

to mixoniter him, how righte soever hee wrote, to
wrest him. Gi'^snn's Srtioule o/ Abuse, 1579.

MISCONTENT. To discontent. (J.-N.)
MISCOUNSEL. To counsel wrongly. (A.-N.)
MISCREAUNTES. Infidels. {Laf.)
MISCREDENT. A miscreant. Devon.
MISCREED. Discovered; detected ; decried ;

depreciated. North.
XIISDELE. Qu. an error for mildeU.
When the fynd so hard drou,
SayntAustyn stod and low,
Saynt Gregory con grarae.
Never the less for grame he get,
Sone after masse the Austyn he met,
And myadele mad his mone.

Legend. MS. Bouce 3112.
MISDOUBT. To doubt, or suspect.
MISEISIORE. More troubled. {A.-N.)
A miseUiore man than he thoujte.
No man ne mijte i-seo.

MS. Laud. 108, f. 117.
MISENTREAT. To treat one badly.
MISER. A miserable person.

But witliout any watch comest to sleep like a
mi.ieiand wretch. JS«o«'» IVoiku, p. 172.

MISERERE. A lamentation. {Lat.)
MISERICORD. A tbin-bladed dagger.
MISERICORDE. Compassion ; pity. (A.-X.)
For herebyforne fu! oft in many a wyse
Hastoweto mysei-icoide rcsceyvedme.

Rf.mtmce of the Monk, Sion CoUege MS.
.And in this wise they acorde,
Tlie cause was mi'^erirojde.

Gotoei; MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 1U2.
MISEROUS. Miserable. Pahgrave.
MISERY. Constant bodily pain. East.
MISEYSETE. Diseased. Baber.
MISFARE. Misfortune. {A.-S.)
MISFEET. Ill deed ; wrong. (.•/.- .Y.)
.MISFORTUNATE. Unfortunate. Palsgrave.
MISGEE. To be donbtfid. South.
MIS-GIED. Misguided. Chaucer.
MIS-GONE. Gone wrong. Lydgate MS.
MISH-MASH. A confused mass. " A chaos,
a confused lump, aformelesse masse, a misli-
mash," Florio, p. 95. " A confused or dis-
ordered heape of all things together, a mish-
mash," Nomenclator, p. 362. Brockett has
mixtv-maxtv, and mixy-maxy.
MISHTERFULL. Mischievous. £a.«/.
MIS-KEN. To be ignorant of. North.
MISKIN. (1) A littre bag-pipe.
(2) .\. dunghill. See Muen.
MISKIN-FRO. A sluttish maid-servant, used

in contempt. From Miskin (2).
MISLEST. To molest. Var.dial.
MISLIKE. To disUke. .Misliken, to disap-
point. Yorksh.
MISLIKING. Indignation. Palsgrave.
MISLIN-BUSH. The mistletoe. East.
MISLIPPEN. To disappoint. North.
MISMANNERED. Unbecoming. Cumlt.
MIS-MOVE. To teaze; to troulde. North.
MISNARE. To incommode. Cumb.
MISPROUI). Arrogant. 3 Henry VI. ii. 6.
MISS. Wicked ; wrong.
MISSAKE. To renounce or forsake.

6 MIT

MIS-S.4.TE. Misbecame. Chaucer.
MISSAY. To re\-ile, or abuse. {A.-S.)
Also thai sal ilkone othyr werye.
And mysaay and sclander Godd Almytjhty.

Hamiiole, MS. Butves, p. 241.
MISSEL. A cow-house. Yorksh.
MISSELDEN. Mistletoe. " An eater of rais-
selden," Elyot in v. Tardus. Tusser has
mistle, p. 79.
MISSENS. Anvthing missing. North.
MISSET.

Hee would supply the place well enough of a ser-
vile usher, with an affected grace to carry her misstt,
open her pue.

The Two Lancashire Loveis, 1640, p. 21.
MISSOMER. Midsummer. TJ'est.
At Missomer on an nyght.
The moneschanefulle bright.

MS, Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 1:16.
MISTAKE. To transgress ; to take away wrong-
fully or bv mistake.
JIISTECH.' A bad habit. North.
MISTER. (1) Kind; species; trade; occupa-
tion ; manner of life. {A.-N.) Hence mi.s-
tery, an art or trade, a company or guild of
traders.
(2) Need; necessity.

Kyng .\rdus seyde then, .

V havem.v«f«r of soche a man,
God hath hym hedur broght !

Fulle welle y am be-gone,

V trowe God hath me s-ent wone,
That shalle Moradas bryng tonoght !

MS. Cantalj. Ff. ii. .38, f. 7ll
Seynt Jhonne commaunded hys aumenere
To jyve hym outher syxe, for he had nii/stere.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 4«
MISTIHEDE. Darkness. Chaucer.
MIS-TREE. Dim-sighted. Devon.
MISTRESS. (1) Wife. Var. dial.
(2) The jack at bowls. " The mistris or block

at bowles," Florio, p. 279.
MISTllY. To deceive. DeV0)i. Amistry m;'n,

a verv deceitful fellow.
MISTURE. Misfortune.

Buna fide, it is a great ntisture that we have not
men swine as well as beasts, for then we i,hould have
porke that hath no more bones than a piiddmt;, and
a side of bacon that you might lay under youi huad
in stead of a bolster. Nash's Piei-ce Pennileste, 15!t2,
MISWENT. Gone wrongly. {A.-S.)
But felle alle hoot to hire asseute,
And thus the whel is alle miswent.

Cower, MS. Sue. .4ntiq. 134, f. 55.

MISWONTED. Tender. North.
MISWROUGIIT. Done amiss.

Schryfteof the byschop the lady besoght,

I have grevyd my God in worde and dcde :
The byschop seydd. Thou haste viysivroght
Ageyne thy God in forme of brede.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. .38, f. 47.
MIT. To commit. South.
MITAINE. A glove. {A.-N.) The term was
not restricted to gloves without fingers. Ray
inserts mittens in his list of South and East
Country Words, with the following explana-
tion, " gloves made of linnen or woollen,
whether knit or stitched ; sometimes also they

:mob

o.;/

?roD

caU so gloves made of leather withotit fingers."
" Mencus, a meteyne," Nominale MS.
Take the porter thi stage to halje,
.^nd thi mj/tens also.

US. Cantab. Ft. v. 48, f. 52.
MITE. A small norm. {J.-S.)
JIITH. Might. Still iu use. Myfhy, mighty,

Archsolosia, xxx. 365.
MITHE. To conceal ; to hide. (.-J.-S.)
HITHER. To muffle up; to smother; to en-
ctmiber. Norlhampt. Hence, occasionally,
to perplex.
MITHERS. To be in the mithers, i. e. quite in-
toxicated. Line.
MITS. (1) Even. (2) Mittens. Far. dial.
MITTING. Darling. A terra of endearment.

See Chester Plays, i. 124.
MH'ER. A mortar. Somerset.
JimiYS. Marbles, far. dial.
MIX. (1) To clean out. JJ'esl.
(2) Wretch. Hence mixed, vile, bad.
MIXEX. A dunghill. Ray says, " I find that
this word is of general use all over England."
The misen cart, Mirr. Mag. p. 89. " A dung-
hill, a mizen," Stanihurst, p. 11. Grose has
Mirhill. Still in use.
MIX-PLEXTOX. The herb less-morel.
MIXTELYX. Rye and wheat ground together,
of which the inferior brown bread was made.
See the .Archaiologia, xxv. 425. See Maslin.
MIXTIOX. A mixture. Palsgrave.
MIZ-MAZE. Confusion. Also a.s .Maze, q. v.
MIZ? !'_-!<. A boggy place. Xorlh.
MIZZLE. (1) To rain softly. Var. dial.
(2) To go ; to run ; to sneak off ; to succumb, or
yield. Sometimes, to get tipsy.

Then their l)odies being satisfied, and theirheades
prettily mizzeled with wine, they waike abroad for a
time, or els confeire with their familiars.

Stub3\4natov\ie 'if Abuses, 1595, p. 57.
MIZZT. A quagmire. North.
MO. (1) To make. Perceval, 1900.
(2) More. Adv. and adj. {A.S.)

To them I wysheeven thus, and toDOmi?,

That as they have hys judgemeut and hys yeares.

Even so I would they had hys fayre long eares

OM Ballad, Bibt. Six. Antiq.
Sexty knyjtes and jit mo.
And also fele ladys ther-to,
Hastely to the quene thei come,
.And in ther armys thei hyr name.
And broujthyre to bed in haste.
And kepyd hyre both feyre and faste.

MS. Asl.,^ .'e 61, XV. Cent.
Al fort our Dright seyd ho.
So thai bileved ever mo.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 25.
MOAK. Hazy ; dark. Line.
MOAM. Mellow. North.
JIOAXT. Might not. Yorksh.
MOATS. To plav the moats, i. e. to be angry.
MOB. (1) To scoid. Suffolk.
(2) To dress awkwardly. Yorksh. " Mobb'd
up, dresst in a coarse clownish manner,"
Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. This is, perhaps,
connected with mobled in Hamlet, ii. 2.
MOB-C-\P. A cap tying under a woman's chin

by an excessively broad band, generally made
of the same material as the cap itself.
MOBILE. The mob. {Lat.)
MOBLES. Goods ; moveables. (J.-N.)
To mynystre my moblns, fore mede of my saule.
To mendynnantez and mysese in myschefe fallene.
lliirle .4rthure, its. Lincoln, f.60.
MOCCIXIGO. A small Venetian coin, worth

about ninepence.
MOCHA. A term applied to a cat of a black
colour intermixed with brown. From the
mocha peblile. East.
MOCHE. Great. (A.-S.)

She ledde hym to a moche felde.
So grete one never he behelde.

MS. Harl.noi, f.2-2.
^Vhen he was armed on a stede.
He was a mykelle man of brede
And also moche man of myght.

3IS. Canlab. Ff. ii..Tfl, f. 7«;.
In Parys a monyth the oost lay.
For they had takyn a day
M'ith the Sowdon, movhe of myghte.

3IS. Canlab. Ff , ii. 38, f. 87.
MOCK. (1) Ground fruit. Deron.

(2) To mock the i hurch, not to marry after the
banns have been published.

(3) A root or stump ; a large stick ; a tuft of
sedge. Dorset.

(4) The pomage.

MOCKADO. A kind of woollen stuff, made in
imitation of velvet, and sometimes called
mock-velvet.

My dream of being naked and my skyn all over-
wrowght with work like some kiode of tuft mixkado,
with crosses blew and red. Dr. Dee^s Diaru, p. t}.

MOCKAGE. Mocking. See Collier's Old Bal-
lads, p. 48 ; Harrison, p. 235.

MOCKBEGGAR. " A bug-beare, a scarcrow,
a mockbegger, a toy to mocke an ape," Florio,
p. 58. Mocke-clowne, ibid. p. 253. Forby
has mock-beggar-hall, a house looking we!l
outside, but having a poor interior. There is
a house so called at Claydon.

MOCKET. A napkin. Cotgrave, in v. Emhn.
veti. Mocketer, ib. in v. Barerette.
For eyen and nose the nedethe a mokadnttr.

Li/iieate's Minor Poem.ii, p. 3(1.

MOCKET-HEAD. See ^ncony.

MOCKS. Trifles. Somerset.

MOCK-SHADOW. Twihght. Here/. Blount
has mock-shade, p. ISO, ed. IGSl.

MODDER. " Lasse, girle, modder," Cotgrave,
in V. Ptitre. See ilaut/ier.

MODE. (1) Anger ; passion. (A.-S.)

To lumeaweye from hem, Fadyr, thy mode.
But whether nat evyl be julde for gode.

MS. H'irl. 1701, f. 86.

(2) Mind. Percev.-il, 589, 1327, 1695.

MODER. To regulate, especially the tempT or
disposition. " I moder or temper niyselfe
whan I am provoked to any passyon," Pals-
grave. MoJyr, Ord. and Res p. 61.

MODERX. Trivial. Shak.

MODER-XAKED. Quite naked.

Sey that I bydde hem by redy, bys.hop and alle,
To-morwe or the nydday alle nuuier.nnhed.

MS. Cotl. Calif. A. ii. f. lll>.

MOL

658

MOL

ifODGE. To cnish, or bniise. JVarw.
MODI. Brave ; high-minded.
Hof on ich hcrde saie.

Fill modi mon and proud. JUS. Dij-ty 86, f. 165.
MODIR. Mother. {J.-S.)
MOFFLE. To do anything badly or ineffectu-
ally, far. dial.
MOG. (1) To move away. West.
(2) To enjoy one's self in a quiet easy comfort-
able manner.

Wit hung her blob, ev"!! Humour secm'd to mourn,
And sullenly sat mogging o*er his urn.

Collim' Miscellanies, 17<>2, p. 122.

MOGGHETIS. The paunch.
MOGHTYS. Moths.

The moglttys that thy clothes ete.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 16.
MOG-SHADE. The shadow of trees.
MOGWED. Mugwort. See an early list of

plants in MS. Sloane 5, f. 2.
MOIDER. To distract, or bewilder. Also, to

labour verr Iiird. North.
MOIL. (1) To become dirty. West.

(2) To toil or labour very hard. Generally
coupled with toil. See Forby, ii. 218.

I hath bin told, ben told, in proverbs old.
That souldiares suffer both hunger and cold,
That souldiares suffer both hunger and cold :
And this sing we, and this sing we.
We live by spnyle, by spoyle, we moyle and toyle ;
Thus Snach and Catch doth keepe a coyle '.
And thus live we, and thus live we.
By snatchin a catchin thus live we.

Manage of Witt and Wisd(>nie, K'iTO.

(3) A mule. Still in use.

I geve to everyche of the cheefest men of lawe a
moyle to brynge hym to hell, and two right handes
to helpe himselfe withall to take money of bothe
parties. Tlu IVylt of the DeL^ill, u.d.

They drewe owt of dromondaries dyverse 1' rdes,
Moyllez mylke whitte, and mervaillousbeslez.

Minle .Irthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 77.

(4) A sort of high shoe.

MOILY. Having no horns. North.

MOINE. A dunghill. Berts.

MOISE. (1) To mend; to improve. East.

(2) A kind of pancake.

(3) Cider. See Apple-moise.
MOISON. Harvest ; growth. (.4..N.)
MOIST. (1) New, applied to liquors.

(2) Warm and moist were the appropriate
terms in the time of Shakespeare for what we
should now call an aireii and a damp shirt
See Whiter's Specimen of a Commentary on
Shakespeare, 1794, p. 82; and the Frencli
Schoole Maister, 1631, p. 39.

(2) To moisten. Somerset.

MOITHERED. Tired out. Glouc.

MOKE. (1) The mesh of a net. South. Hence
applied to any wicker-work.

(2) " Tinia, a moke," Nominale MS.

MOKERAD. A deceiver. (A.-X.)
Avaryce, ryche and harde,
Ys a thefe, a mokerad. MS. Harl. 17(11. f. 41.

MOKY. Misty. Line.

MOLD. (1) Earth; ground. It is constantly
applied to the groimd in works of art. See
Degrevant, 1039.

(2) Hermodactili. See a list of plants in MS.
Sloane 5, f. 5.

(3) A model used as a guide by masons when
doing ornamental work.

(4) To disarrange ; to crumple. North.

(5 ) The suture of the skuU. Left unexplained
in Archaeologia, .^xx. 410.

(6) Form ; fashion ; appearance.
MOLDALE. Spiced or mulled ale.
MOLD-BOARD-CLOUTS. Plates of iron which

protect the mold-board, or projecting side, of
the plough, from the wear and tear of the
earth and stones it meets with.
MOLDEN. A mole. Warw.
MOLD-STONE. The jamb of a window.
MOLDWARP. A mole. .\lso pronounced
moodiwart. It is still in use, and means some-
times the molfi-hiU.

Tak a moldwatppe, and sethe it wele in wax, and
wryng it thorowe a clathe, and do it in boystes.

MS. Line. Med. f. 306.

That king Henry was the moldwai-pe, cursed of

Goddes owne mouth, and that they Ihre were the

dragon, the lion, and the wolfle, whiche shoulde

devide this realme betwene theim

Hall's Union, 1548, Hen. tr. f . 20.
And for to set us hereon more agog,
A prophet came (a vengeance take them all)
Affirming Henry to be Gogmagog,
Whom Merlin doth a mold- tea rpe ever call,
.Accurst of God, that must be brought in thr.-Ul
By a Wolfe, a dragon, and a lion strong.
Which should divide his kingdome them among.

Phaer, quoted in Notes to Henry I V.
MOLE. (1) Form. Topsell's Beasts, p. 194.

(2) A stain in Unen cloth, spelt muyle'm Urrj-'s
MS. additions to Ray in Bodleian library.
Moled, spotted, stained. A.-N.')

(3) To speak. " Moles to hlr mildly," Morte
Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 85.

(4) To destroy moles. North.
MOLEDAY. A day of burial. West.
MOLEINE. Scabs ; swellings ; cracks.
MOLE-SH.\G. A caterpillar. Glouc.
MOLESTIE. Troidjle. (^.-.V.)
MOLHERN. A female heron. Warw.
MOLKIT. An etfeminate boy. West.
MOLL. (1) A measure of wood containing one

cubic metre. {A.-N.)

(2) A whore. An old cant term.

(3) The familiar name of Mart/.
MOLL-ANDREW. A men7-Andrew. South.
MOLL.ART. ,4 manikin, q. v. Lane.
MOLLED. Mouldy ?

Thy drynkes sowren thy mollyd mete,
Where with the feble myghte wcl fare.

MS. Cantab. Ff. U. 38, f. 1«.
MOLLEWELLE. The sea-calf. This term oc-
curs in the Nominale MS. xv. Cent.
MOLLICRUSH. To beat severely. West.
MOLLIFY. To sooth. I'ar. dial.
MOLL-WASHER. The water-wagtail. South.
MOLLYCODDLE. An effeminate person, a

term of contempt. Var. dial.
MOLLYPEART. Frisky; lively. Oxon.
MOLOUR. k grinding-stone.
MOLT. To perspire. East. Possibly con-

JION

559

M0\

, q.v.
West.

nected with molle, melted. A very hot day

is often termed a meltiny day. Molt-water,

clear perspiration.
MOLTER. The toll to the miller for grinding

com. Worth.
MOLTLING. The same as Angle-berry
MOM. A ninm, or soft sound. (J.-S.)
MOMBLEMENT. Confusion ; disorder.
MOME. (I) Soft ; smooth. Xorth.

(2) A blockhead. " A gull, a ninny, a mome, a
sot," Florio, p. 81.

Words are but wind, but blowos come home,
A stout [ongu'd lawyer's but a mome.

Biome't .Soiigs, I6f)I, p. 105.

(3) An aunt. Nominale MS.
MOMELLYXGE. Mumhling. (A.-S.)

These makes hippyiige, homerynge.
Of medtes mumt:l!i/"ge.

US. Lincoln A. I. 17, f. 2(«i.

MOMENTANY. Lasting for a moment. It

occurs in Comwallves' Essaves, 1632, e. 5.
MOM.MERED. Morried. Ojon.
MOMMICK. ( 1 J A scarecrow. Somerset.
(2) To cut anjihing awkwardly. South.
MO\-AM Y. A dish composed chiefly of cream,

curds, and hutter. (A-.N.)
.MONANDAY. Monday. JTes/m. {A.-S.)
MONCE. Mischance. Yorksh.
MOXCHELET. A dish in old cookery de-
scribed in the Forme of Cury, p. 17.
MONCORN. " Beere come, bailey bygge, or

moncorne," Huloet, 1552.
MONE. Many. Still in use.

of Frawnce he mad him anon regent.
And wedid Kaleren in his present ;
Into Engiond anon he went

-And crtmnd our queue in ryal aray.
Of qutn Kateryn our kyog was borne.
To save our rvji that was fore-lorne,
Oure faders in F'rawns had won beforne.
Thai ban hit hold moni^ a day.

MS. Douce 3il-2, f. 29.

(2) Money.

Forthe thei went alle thre

To pay the scheperde his mone.

MS. Cuntttb. Ft. p. 48, f.53.
MONE. (1) To advise; to explain ; to tell; to
relate ; to admonish. Also a substantive,
mind, opinion. (A.-S.)

What may this mene, quod these mene;
itone it us mare. MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. 233.
By a tale y shal 50U mone.
That fyl betwyx the fadyr and the sone.

MS. Hart, mi, f. 8.

(2) Must. MS. Cotton. Vespas. D. vii.
A-lake for low mey leyfeys lorne.

Vn betture balys here mone 1 be.
Fore one of the breyteyst that ever was borne,
With-yowtyne speyre hat wondyd me.
Manners and Household Expenses 0/ Engtarid,p.620.

(3) A month.

And so bifelle upon a day.

And that was in the mone of May.

Goiver, its. Soc.Jntiq. 134, f. 51.
MONEKENE. Monkish. Hearne.
MONELICH. Meanly. {A.-N.) Explained

montylesse in Rob. Glouc. p. 647.
MONE-PliNS. Teeth. "Thy mone-p>-nnes
bene lyche old yvorj," Lydgate's Minor

Poems, p. 30. Mompyns, Towneley Myst.
p. 89. Still in occasional use.
MOiNESTE. To admonish. f^.-jV.)
MONEY. Silver, ^■ortk.
MONEY-MAKERS. Counterfeiters of coin.
MONEY-SPIDER. The aranea scenica. It

is likewise called a monev-spinner.
MONGE. To eat ; to munch. IVest.
MONGER. A merchant, or trader. Now only
used in composition. Also, a small kind of
merchant vessel. From this latter meaning,
which is given by Blount, may be derived
monkey, explained by an uneducated man " a
barge wot's covered over."
M0N1.\L. (1) A muUion. " Postes or monv.

elles," Hall, Henry VIII. f. 73.
(2) A nun. Archa;ologia, .xxii. 280.
-MONIOURS. Coiners. {A..N.)
MONISH. To admonish. Monition, admoni-
tion, Davies, ed. 1672, p. 107. "Thewordes
of monisshone of oure Lord Jhesu Crist," MS.
.\shmole 59, f. 67.
MONK'S-CLOTH. A kind of worsted.
MONMOUTH-CAP. Akiudofflat cap formerly

worn bv the common people.
MONNYLICHE. Manly. Kvng Alls. 3569.
MONR.A.DE. Homage. {A.-S)
Whose buyth any thyng.
Hit is hysant hysofspryng:
.^dam hungry Cora me to, —
Motirade dude y him raedo.
For on appel ich jef hyra,
He is myn ant al hys kun.

HarroiLing of Hell, p. 19.

M0NSLA3T. Murder ; manslaughter.
The syn of sodomi to heven

Hit crysen on God Almyjt ;
And nio/ii/a;r with a rewi'ul Steven
Hit askys vengans day and nyjt.

Audelao'^ Poems, p. S.
MONSOPE. The herb orobus.
MONSTRE. (1) To exhibit ; to show. {A.-N.)
(2) A pattern. Chaucer.
MONTANTO. An old fencing term.
MONTEM. An annual custom at Eton, fully
described by Brand, i. 237. Xn account of
the procession ad montem occurs in MS.
Sloane 4839, f.85.
MONTENANCE. Amount ; extent.

And ilk a nyghte take the numttnance of a fiche,
and do it in thyne eghne byfore thou laye the
doune, and it salle mend the.

MS. Lincoln Med. f. 283.
They had not ridden but a while.
Not the motmtenance of a mile.
But they met with a giaunt.
With a full sory semblant.

Beves of Hamtoun, n. d.
MONTERO. " A montero, or close hood where-
with travellers presene their faces and heads
from frost-biting, and weather-beating in win-
ter," Cotgrave.
MONTETH. A kind of vessel used for cooling

wine-glasses in.
MONTHLY. Madlv. Middlcton, ii. 552.
MONTHLY-NURSE. A nurse who attends the
month of a woman's confinement.

MOO

560

MOR

MOXTH-MIXDS. Monthly remembrances of

the departed.

And that no monlh-minda or yearly commemo-
rations of the dead, nor any other superstilious
ceremonies, be observed or used.

GrindaFs Remaitts, p. 136.

MONTH'S-MIND. To have a month's mind,
i. e. a strong inclination. A common phrase
in our earlv dramatists, and still in use.

MONTURE.' A riding or saddle horse. A
French word v.sed by Spenser. It may hare
also some rei'errnce totlie Latin -word ascen-
sor/iim.Englislied by Maundcvile as moimtour,
and explained by Ducange to lie " quo quis
in equum ascendit, toUitur," Glossarium, ed.
1772, i. -105.

ftlOO. (1) To low as a cow. North.

(2) To mock. Palsyrace. (Tempest, ii. 2.)

MOOD. (1) A sweetbread. Heron.

(2) The mother of vineg.ir. Somerset.

(3) Crowded; crammed. Yorksh.
MOODLE. To fold up. North.
MOODY. Angry. " Mody angerfull, ireux,

attayneui;" Palsgrave.

MOODY-HEARTED. Melancholy. JTest.

MOOIL. Mould, or earth. Yorksh.

MOOL. To rumple ; to disorder. North.

MOOX. (1) To level at the moon, to cast beyond
the moon, to be very ambitious, to calculate
deeply, to make an extravagant conjecture.

(2) Jloan; grief. Also, to moan.

FoT thy love hym to schende
Wyth lytulle vwon.

M. Canlab. Ft. ii 38, f. !«.
Then were y schente, what shall y doo,
I have no man to inoorte me too

MS. Ciintab. Ft. ii. 38. f. 171.

(3) Wicked creature ? {A.-S.)

He sende up for the lady snone,
And forth sche cam, that olde mnonf.

Gnwer, MS. Sue. Jiitiq. 134, f. 49.

MOON-CALF. " A moonecalfe, a hard swelling
or shapelesse peece of flesh in the wombe,
which makes women beleeve they are with
child when they are not," Cotgrave. The
term was often applied to a monster, or a fool.
In Somerset, a crying child is so called.

MOOTER. A kind of dog, mentioned in Top-
sell's Beasts, 1607, p. 175.

MOONGE. The bellowing of cattle. Cumi.

MOONLIGHT-FLITTING. The same as Lon-
don-ilitting, q. v.

MOONLING. A fool ; a limatic.

MOON-MEN. Thieves ; robbers.

MOON-SHINE. (I) An illusive shadow.

(2) A dish composed partly of eggs.

(3) Smuggled or illicit spirits. South.
MOOR. (1) To void blood. Yorksh.

(2) A heath, common, or waste land. In
Suffolk, anv uuinclosed ground.

(3) A bailiff of a farm. North.
MOOR-COOT. A moor-hen. Somerset.
MOOR-GOLLOP. A sudden squall across the

moors. Devon.
MOORISH. Wishing for more. South.
MOOR-MASTER. The same as llarmaster,r{.\.
MOOR-PALM. The flower of the dock.

MOOR-POOT. A young moorgame. Meta-
phorically, an ignorant fellow. North.
MOORS. Turnips. Devoii.
MOOR-STONE. A kind of granite found on
the moors. Devon. It is fully described in
Brome's Travels, ed. 1700, p. 2'42.
MOOSLE. To muzzle. Somerset.
MOOT. (1) To discuss a point of law in an Inn
of Court. Hence, contention.

Therollyng fordothe croppe and rote.
And ryjt of tho that wulde the mofe.

.MS. Hari. 1701, f. 65.

(2) The stump of a tree. West.

(3) A note on a horn. (A.-N.)
MOOT-END. The backside. South.
MOOT-HALL. The hall of assembly. (A.-S.)

A town-hall is still so called in the North of

England.
MOOTING-AXE. A grubbing-axe. JTest.
MOOYSEN. To wonder. Yorksh.
MOOZLES. A stupid sloven. Line.
MOP. (1) To (h-ink greetUly. Var. dial.
(2) A meeting or fair where senants are hired.

West.
(3; The young whiting. The young of any

animal was so called, and the term was even

applied to a girl.

(4) .\ tuft of grass. West.

(5) To muffle up. Se;; Mob.

(6) A grimace, or contemptuous grin.

(7) A fool. See Sevyn Sages, 1414. Moppi.^.
Depos. Rich. II. p. 24. A doll was so caUed.

(8) All mops and brooms, half-seas over, in-
toxicated. In the mops, sulky.

(9) A napkin. Glouc.

(10) To fidget about. North.
MOPAN-HEEDY. Hide-and-seek. Devon.
MOP-EYED. Short-sighted. See the Muses

Looking Glass, 1643, p. 58.

MOPO. A nickname given by Chettle. in liis
Kind-harts Dreame, 1592, to some ballad ven-
der of the sixteenth century. Who he was,
does not appear to be known.

:^IOPPER. A muffler. Somerset.

MOPPET. A term of endearment to a young
I girl. See Mop (3).

MOPPIL. A blunder ; a mistake. Yorksh.

MOPSEY. A slovenly untidy woman. Also
the same as Moppet, q. v.

MOPSICAL. Low-spirited. Suffolk.

MOPT. Deceived; fooled. Devon.

MOR. A mayor. Heame.

MORAL. (1) Model; Ukeness. far. dial.

(2) Meaning. Much ado about Nothing, iii. 4.

MORCROP. The herb pimperneU.

MORDYDY. Morrowtide ; early part of the
morning. (A.-S.)

This was in the nivrdydy after that that Sonne
shone bryjt. Chron. VUodun. p. 88

MORE. (1) A root. West. Morede, rooted u]!.
Rob. Glouc. p. 499.

in our Western language squat is a bruise, and a
route we call a mwc.

Aubretft Wilu, Royal Soc. 31S. p. 12?
(2) Greater. King John, ii. 1.
f3) A hill. North

MOR

561

MOR

(4) Delay. {Lat.)

That gan to htm clerly certifye,
\Vithoutenu>/e, the chiUlis Uivfllynge place.

Lydgate, MS. Sue. .iiiiiq. J34, f. 24.
<o) To increase. See Lvdgate, p. 243.
MORE-HERBYW. The lierli (levil's-bit.
MOREL. (1) The wood night-shade.

Tak moreuh'.i, and the rute of everCerne that waxes
on theake, ami stamp it wcle, and temper it with
mylk, and anoyiue the scabbes therwith.

MS. Li„c. Med. (. 2!15.

(2) The morris. (^>.)

That can set his three along in a row.
And that isfippeny tntn-rell I trow.

Apollo Shraviiig, 1G27, p. 4i).

(3) .A. name for a horse, properly a dark-coloured
one. See Towneley Myst. p. 9.

Have gode. now, my gode moirl.

On many a stour thou hast served me wel,

MS. Ashmole 33, f. 4!).

(4) A fungus. North.
JIOREN. The morning. {,^..S.)
MOREOVER. Moreover than that, besides,

over and above that. East.
MORE-S.VCKS-TO-THE-MILL. A ver\- rough
game, mentioned in DeanMilles' MS. p. 180.
MORE-SMEREWORT. The herb merciu^.
MOREYNE. A murrain.

Vn Rome fyl a grete moreyne,

A pestilens of men, a venjannce to pyne.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 10.

MORFOND. A disease in a horse occasioned
by its taking cold.

.\IORG.\.\. Tares in com. South.

MORGIVE. A marriage gift. {A.-S.)

MORGLAY. A sword. Beves of Hampton
had a celebrated sword so termed, and hence
the name. It is alluded to in the Worke for
Cutlers, 4to. Lorid. 1615. " A trusty morr/lai/
in a rusty sheath," Cleaveland Revived, lOei),
p. 15. See also Greene's Works, ii. 131.

JIORGLE. To maul ; to beat. Beds.

MORTEN. A blackamoor ; a negro.

MORIGEROUS. Dutiful; obetUent. This
word is not of very usual occurrence.

But they would honor his wife as the princesse of
the world, and be uiorigerous to him as the com-
mander of their soules. HUtorp of Patient Grisel, p. C.
The resigned will of a mo'igeruu9 patient makes
that cure easie, which to a perverse patient would
become desperate.

Bratftwait's Arcadian Princesse, IG35, i. 247.

MORIXE. Dead.

MORION. A conical skull-cap, with a rim
round it.

To Diprant my small coat of mail, the piece of
plate wliich my Loid the Prince gave me, called
breast-plate, the pance wh;ch belonged to my lord
my father, whom God pardon, my housell, and my
iron morion. Test. Veltut. p. 18!l.

MORISCO. See Morris-dance.

MORKIN. A beast, the produce of an abortive
birth. According to some, one that dies by
disease or accident.

MORK-SHRIEK. A mockery. East.

MORLATION. A large quantity. Yorksh.

MORLING. The wool taken oil the skin of a
dead sheep. Blount.
II.

MORMAL. A cancer, or gangrene. " Luxiria
ys a lyther morinale," MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6,
.\v. Cent. Compare Tyrwhitt, iv. 157.
MORME. Tlie short point at the end of a spear

to prevent injurv.
MOKMERACYO.N'e. Murmur. Arch. xxi. 66.
MORMO. A spectre.

One would think by this play the devils were
mere mornios and bugbears, fit only to fright childrei
and fools.

0.;/i»i-'s Sliorl new of the English Stage, 1698, p. 192
MORN-DRINK. Morning draught.
The bore come fro the see,
Hys morne-dritnke he had tan.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 65.

MORNIFLE. " Mornyfle a nianer of play,

moniif/e," Palsgrave.
MOROSOPH. A learned fool. (Gr.)
MORPHEW. A leprous eruption on the face.
" .\ inorpheu or staynyng of the skynne,"
Elvot, in V. J!phos,ed. 1559.
MORPION. A kind of louse. (Fr.)
MORRIS. See h'ice-penny- Morris.
MORRIS-DANCE. A verj- ancient dance, in
which the performers were accustomed to be
dressed in grotesque costume, with bells, &c.
The dance is still common in many parts of
the countrv-. In Oxfordshire, a few ribands
generally constitute the sole addition to the
ordinary costume. The following curious
notice is taken from the original accounts of
St. Giles', Cripplcgate, 1571. presen-ed in
MS. Addit. 12222, f. 5,— "Item, paide in
charges by the appointment of the parisshion-
ers, for the settinge forth of a gyaunt morres
daunsers with vj. calyvers, and iij. boies on
horsliack, to go in the watche befoore the
Lorde Maiore uppon Midsonier even, as may
appere by particulers for the furnishinge of
tlie same, vj. //. ix. s. ix. d."

In Fleet strete then 1 heard a shoote :

1 putt of my hatt, and I made nostaye,

.\nd when I came unto the rowte.

Good Lord ! I heard a taber playe,

For so, God savemee .' a moyrps.daunce.

Oh ther was sport alone for mee,

To see the hobby-horse how he did praunce

Among the gmgling company.

I protfer'd them money for their coats,

But my conscience had remorse.

For my father had no oates.

And I must have had the hobbie horse.

MS. Harl. 3910, xvii. Cent.
MORRIS-PIKE. A large pike. It is translated
hy picijue in Palsgrave.

The Frenchrmen with quarelles, morispikes,
slynges, and other engynes, began to assaut the
walks. Hall, Henry VI. (. 73.

The fourth shilde blewe, betokenyng the assaulte,
with such weponsasthe capitain of the castle shal
otcupie, that is Murriee pike, sworde, target, the
poynt and edge abated. Hall, Henry illl. (. 133.
MORT. (1) A great quantity. Var. dial.

He gave her a mort of good things at the same

time, and bid her wear them in remembrance of her

good friend, my lady, his mother. Pamela.

(2) Death. Nortlmmb. It occurs in Rehq.

Antiq. i. 27. The notes formerly blown on

36

5I0S

562

MOT

the horn at the death of the deer was called
the mort.

(3) A female. A cant term. " .\ doxie, morte,"
Cotgrave in v. Belistresse.

(4) Hog's-lard. Devon.
MORTACIOUS. Mortal; very. North.
MORT.AGON. Herba mariina. Arch. xxx. 410.
MORTAISE. To give land in mortmain.
MORT.\L. Yen ; great, far. dial.
MORTALNESS.' Jlortality. Pahgrave.
MORTAR. A kind of wax-candle. " Morter

of wax," Ord. and Reg. p. 341 ; Boke of
Curtasre, p. 33.
MORTASSE. Amortise.

For they reysede the crosse with thi b 'dy,
.4nd fychede it in a tre mmtusxe vyoleiUlly,
In wilke the crosse swilke a jage tuke
That thi body thutghe weghte al to-schoke.

MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f- 190.
Into a mortays withouten more
The cros was bore up, and he
Thai lete doun dasshe, alas ! therfore
Ho can not wepe come lerne at me.

.VS. Bud!. 423, f. 198.
Then up thai lyft that hev^ tre.

And gurdid into a mnrtes of slon. MS. Dniice 302, f. 15.
MORTE AULX. .\ game resembling howls.
MORTIFIE. To render quicksilver in a fit

state for medicine, (/v-.)
MORTIFY. To teaze. JTest.
MORTLIX. The same as ilorkin, q. v. The

skin is called a mort.
MORTRE\\'ES. A dish in ancient cookery,
verv frequently mentioned in early works.
See' Rcliq. Antiq. i. 81, 85, 86 ; Pr. Parv. pp.
13, 70 ; Ord. and Reg. pp. 438, 454.
MORUB. The periscaria.
MOR\YE. Morning ; morrow. {A.-S.) Morice-
ning is also often met with. Morw/ien occurs
in MS. Cott. Yesp. D. vii.
MOS.\RE. An earthen pickle-jar. JTest.
MOSCIIE. Much.

Of onest Foerth sche cowde rith masf/jp.
Too daunce .^nd synge and othre suche.

Gmler, MS. Canlab. Ft. i. 6, f. 43.

MOSE. (1) A disorder in the chine of horses
was formerly so called.

(2) A smoulder of wood. Tl'esf.

MOSELEY'S DOLE. An annual payment so
called at \".'alsaU, Staffordshire, which the
corporation are accustomed to make of a
penny apiece to all the inhabitants of the
parish of \Yalsall, and of the adjoining parish
of Rushall. See Edwards's Old EngUsh Cus-
toms. 1842, p. 55.

MOSES. Grose says, " a man is said to stand
Moses when he has another man's bastard
child fathered upon him, and he is obliged by
the parish to maintain it." This may per-
haps he connected with a phrase given by
Cotgrave, " Holie Moyses, wliose ordinarie
counterfeit having on either side of the head
an eminence, or luster, arising somewhat in
the forme of a home, hath imboldened a pro-
phane author to stile cuckolds parents ile
Moyse." He here apparently alludes to the
character of Moses in the old miracle-plays.

MOSEY. Mealy. Glouc. Rough ; hairy. Suf-
folk. " Incipiens tarda, a younge moocie
bearde," Elyot,ed. 1559.

MOSKER. To rot ; to decay. North.

MOSKYLLADE. A dish made of muscles, &c.
See MS. Sloane 1201, f. 52.

MOSS. A morass. North. I can make moss
nor sand of him. i. e. nothing of him.

MOSS-BEGROWX. Long out of use.

MOSS-CROP. Cotton grass. North.

MOSSE. " Napping, as Mosse tooke his mare,"
Cotgrave, in v. Desprouveu. This proverb is
still current in Cheshire, according to Mr.\Yil.
braham. Mosse took his mare napping be-
cause he could not catch her when awake.

MOSSELL. A morcel.

He let serve them full tyte.
Or he wolde any mossell byte.

.lis. Canlah. Ff. ii. 38, f. 160.

MOSS-^YOOD. Trunks and stumps of trees

frequently found in morasses.
MOST-AN-EXD. Continually ; perpetually ;
mostly ; generally. The phrase occurs in
FairfaJs, Bulk and Selvedge, 1674. Most in
dealis a similar phrase.
He that with other mens trades will be medling.
Doth most-an-end lo&e the fruit of his pedling.

C'jtgrave, in v. Vache.

MOSTE. Greatest. {A.-S.)

But the moste f ynger of myn hande.
Thorow my sonys fete y may put here.

MS. Cxintab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 48.
MOSTLY. Usually ; generally. I'ar. dial.
MOSTRE. Appearance. (./.-.Y.)
ilOST-AYH.AT. For the most part.
MOSY. A dish in cookery, described in the

Ord. and Reg. p. 460.
MOT. (1) May ; must. Perceviil, 287, 333, itc.
Pray the porter, as he is fre.
That he let thespeke with me,
Soo faire hym mot bc-falle.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48. f. 48.
They byed on hym and can hym wrye.
In helle mote they long lye !

MS. Cautab. Ff. ii. 38, f. HM.

(2) A mark for players at quoits.

(3) A moat. Var. dial.

(4) k motto. Ben Jonson, i. 103. It occurs also
in Hawkins, ii. 205.

MOTE. (1) .A. mite ; a small piece. South.

(2) The large white moth. JTest.

(3) To discuss. See .Moot.

what schalle we more of hym mote ?

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 8U.

(4) The stalk of a plant. Devon.

(5) .Assemblage; meeting. Gau'ayne.
MOTERE. To mutter. Pr. Parv. p. 30.
MOTH. A mote, or atom. It occurs in Florio,

ed. 1598, p. 130. col. 1.
MOTHER. Phlegm. Bacon.

(2) Hysterical passion. Jliddleton, i. 186.

(3) A round piece of leather on the bladder inside
a foot-ball. JJ'est.

.MOTHERING. A custom still prevalent in the
^Yest of England of going to visit parents on
Mid-lent Sunday, and making them a present
of money, trinkets, or some nice eatable.

JIOU

563

MOU

Why, rot Ihe.Dick ! zne Dundry's Peak
Lucks like a shuggard Sioiht^-m-aik-',

CulHnt' ilucellaiiiea, 1762, p. 114.
MOTHERISH. Mammv-sick. Oxon
-MOTHER-LAW. X mother-in-law. West.
MOTHER-OF-THE-.MAIDS. The chief of the
ladies of honour was so called. Grose has the
term for a bawd.
MOTHER'S-SON. A man. This quaint phrase
was formerly in common use.

Thryes thorow at them he ran

Then for sothe, as I yow sey.
And woundytmaiiy a mudur suite.
And xij.heslew that day.

MS. Cinlah. Ff. v. 48, f. 127.
The ys; brake als soneals Darius was paste nver,
and alle that ware on the ys; ware perisclite ilk a
moderaone, and drownede in the water.

MS. Liimln A. i. 17, f. 19.

MOTHER-\VIT. No wit at all. An old ^vrittr
gives the following as an example of mother-
wit — ■' like that which was in a certaine
country gentleman, whom the Queene of
Arabia meeting, and knowing him to be a man
of no great wisedome, demaunded of him
when his wife should be brought to bed : who
answered, Even when your highnesse shall
command."

A grave discreet gentleman having a comely wife,
whose beauty and free behaviour did draw her
honesty into suspition, by whom hee had a sonne al-
most at mans estate, of very dissolute and wanton
carriage. I muse, said one, that a man of such
stayd and moderate gravity should have a Sonne of
such a contrary and froward disposition. Sir, re-
ply'd another, the reason is that his pate is stuffed
with his Mothers wit, that there is no niome for any

. of his father's wise<lome : besides, the lightnesse of
her heeles is gotten into her sonnes braines.

Ta;jlnr'a Wit and Mirth, 1630, p 185

MOTHWOCK. Moderately flexible.
MOTION. A puppet. Also, a puppet-show.

It is of very common occurrence, especiallv in

old plavs.
motive'. Motion. Lydyate.
JIOTLADO, A kind of mottled cloth.
MOTLEY. The dress of the domestic fool.

Hence men of motley, fools.
MOTOX. (1) In armour, a plate put on the

right shoulder. Arch. xvii. 292.
(2') k small French gold coin, which bore the

stamp of a lamb or sheep.
-MOTONE. A sheep. {Fr.)

The hyode in pees with the lyone.
The woIfe in pees with the mntone.

Cower, MS. Sue. Jnliq. 1J4, f . .T7.

MOTOXER. A wencher. Lydgate.p. 168.
MOTTEY. (1) The mark aimed at in the game

of pitch-and-toss. Xorth. Also the same as

Mof,q. v.
(2) Talk ; speech ; opinion. Lane. This seems

to be derived from the French.
MOTTOWS. The rent of a piece of meadow

ground, in two parcels or mollows, is to he

appropriated to the poor of Bradley, in the

county of Startbrd. See Carlisle's .\ccount of

Charities, p. 298.
MOU. Mowing. Heame.

MOUCE. Mischance. YorisJi.

-MOLCH. (1) To eat greedily. Line.

(2) To stroke down gently. JTest.

-MOUCH.ATS. A moustaehio.

MOUCHIXG. Shy. Line.

AIOUDY. A mole-catcher, -l/ourfy-ra/, a mole.
Moudy-hill, a mole-hill.

MOUGHT. (1) Might ; must.

(2) A moth. Palsgrave, 1530. It also occurs
in Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 58.

MOUK-CORX. The same as MtisUn, a v

MOUL. (1) Mould. Still in use.

(2) To pull or tumble about. IVest.

MOLLDER. Mould ; clay.

Not that we arc privy to the eternall counsel of
God, but for that by sense of our ayrie bodies we
have a more refined faculty of foreseeing, than men
possibly can have that are chained to such hcavie
earthly moulder. yash'ePieree Peni>,l,-3se, p.85.

:M0ULDY-PUDDIXG. a slattern. Yoris/,.

MOLLE. To grow mouldy. (J..S.) " Moul-
lyde brede," Rehq. Antiq. i. 85.

MOLLIXG. Digging. Deeon.

MOUX. Mav ; inust. (A.-S.)

MOUXCH-PRESENT. " Mounch Present is he
that is a great gentleman, for when his mays-
ter sendeth liim with a present, he wil take a
fast thereof by the waye. This is a bold
knave, that sometyme will eate the best and
leave the worst for his mayster," Fratemitye
of Vacabondes, 1575. The term occurs 'i»
Palsgrave, meaning a glutton.

MOUXD. A fence or hedge. East.

MOUXDE. (1) A helmet. JTeber.

(2) Size. Gy of Warwike, p. 3.

Fourti thousand men thai founde,
To bataile men of grete mottnae.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 138.
MOUXGE. To whine ; to low. Sorth
-MOUNT, fl) A horse-block. Car. dial.

(2) To equip. Nort/iamptons/t.

(3) Futuo, said of beasts. Var. dial.
MOUNT-ABAX. A kind of hat.
MOUXTAIX-OF-PIETY. A society for grant-
ing loans at reasonable interest.

MOfXT.AXCE. -\mount ; quantity. (A.. A')
MOLXT-CENT. Same as CenC, q.' v.
MOUXTEE. In hawking, the act of rising up to

the prey.
MOUXTF-AULCON. The female pudendum.
.Apparently from the Italian. It occurs in
Florio, and is still in use.
MOUXTOUXS. Amount.

And withholde therof no thyng
The mounlouns of a ferthynf .

.VS. H<irt. 1701, f. 38.
MOUXTOUR. Throne. " And in the myddes
ofthispalays is i\iR mount our tot the grete
Cane that is alle wrought of gold and of
precyous stones and grete perles,""Sir J. .Maun-
devile's Travels, ed. 1839, p. 217. In the
Latin version we find the word ascensoriiun
MOUXT-ROSE. A kind of wine. See the

Squyr of Lowe Degre, 755.
MOURD.^NT. The tongue of a buckle. (.^.-A')
MOURE. Aturkev. Somerset.

:\iow

564

MUC

ilOURNIVAL. A term at the game of gleek,
meaning four of a sort. Hence applied to
any set of four.

It can be no treason,
To drink and to sing
A monrnical of healths to our new-crown'd king.
Brome'a Song3t ItHil, p. 56.
MOUSE. (1) A piece of beef. It is the part be-
low the round.

(2) ilomh. See Tusser, p. 11 4.

(3) As drunk as a mouse was formerly a very
common simile.

Then seke another hnuse.
This is not wurth a louse ;
As dronken as a juotise.

Di'Ctimr Dcubbte Ate, n. d.

(4) A terra of endearment. AUeyn, the actor,
terms his wife " my good sweete mouse." See
Collier's llemoirs, p. 25.

.MOUSE-FOOT. An oath.

I know a man that will never swear but by cock
and pye, or mouse-fmt. I hope you will not say
these be oaths. Dent's Palhira;/, p. 142.

MOUSE-HOUND. A weasel. East. Not con-
nected with Shakespeare's mome-hunt.
MOUSELL. A muzzle. " Mousell of a beest,
gi-ohiff, moe ; mousell for a beare or a dogge,
mouseau," Palsgrave.
MOUSEL-SCAB. A distemper in sheep.
MOUSER. A cat. Var.ilial.
MOUSE-SX.VP. A mouse-trap. Somersef.
MOUSFICHE.

Gyff thame at drynk therof arely at the morne,
and late at evene, of the grettnes of a motts/iche.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 308.
MOUSPECE. Same as .Mousell, q. v.
MOUSTER. (1) To moulder. IVest. Perhaps

more usually pronounced mnuter.
(2) To stir ; to be moving. Somerset.
MOUT. To moult, yai: dial.

When fethurs of charyte begynnen to mou-te.
Than all the preyers turne to syune.

31S. Cantab. Ff . ii. 38, f. 25.
MOUTCH. On the moutch, shuffling. Wills.
MOUTH. " Down i' the mouth" is an old Eng-
hsh proverbial saying, for a person who is de-
jected and disheartened.
MOUTH-HOD. Food for cattle. .VorM.
MOUTH-MAUL. To talk very badly; to sing

quite out of tune. West.
MOUTH-SPEECH. Speech. Detion.
MOVE-ALL. A juvenile game.
MOVED. Angr*'. Palsi/rave.
MOW. (1) May. {A.-S.)

Hyra semys a felow for to be ;
Moo bourdis 3et mow we se.

MS. Cantab. Ff. V. 48, f. 52.

(2) A mock ; a scornful grin.

Unto his mother they complain'd,

which grieved her to heare,
And for these pranks she threatned him

heshituht have whipping cheare.
If that he did not leave his tricks,

his jeering mocks and mtiwes:
Quoth she, thou vile, untutor'd youth,

these pranks no breeding shewes.

The Merry Puck, n. d.

(3) Futuo. Norlli.

(4) A stack of corn, &c. Var. dial.

(5) A sister-in-law.

(6) The sea-mew, a well-known bird.
MOW-BURNT-H.AY. Hay which has fermented

in the stack. Yorish.

MOWCHE. To spy, or eaves-drop.

SIOWEL. The fish mullet.

MOWER. A mocker ; a scomer. Palsgrave.

llOWH.iY. A barton or inclosure for ricks of
hav or corn. Devon.

MOWING. Abilitv. Chauoer.

MOWL. (1) Mould. Kent.

(2) To knead. Yorksh.

MOW-LAND. Meadow land. " And aUso to
have as much mow land for rent, as myght
pleasure me sutficiently,"Dr.Dee's Diary, p. 38.

MOWROUN. Morrow'. Degrevant, 937.

MOWSEPEASE. Tlie herb orobns.

JIOW-STEADS. Staddles. Devon.

MOWSTRYDE. Mustered. Arch. xxi. 30.

MOWTHE. To speak, or explain. {A.-S.)

MOY. Muggy; close. Xorl/i.

MOYENAUNT. By means of. (Fr.)

Suche, namely, as many dayes had bene lad to
great inconveniences, and misehevs-doynge, m>-ye-
naunt the false, faynyd fables, and disclandars.

.Arrival of King Edicard ir. p. 21.

MOY'NES. Moans ; lamentations.

Nathelesse dayly came certayne personns on the
sayde Erllsbehahe to the kinge, and made greale
mot/nes, and desired him to treat withe hym, for
some gode and expedient appoyntment.

Arrival of King Edward IV. p. it.

MOYRED. Stuck in the mire.

MOZIL. A stirrup-cup. Devon.

M05TE. Might. (A.-S.)

MUBBLE-FUBBLES. To be in the mubble-
fubbles, to be depressed in spirits without any
serious cause. A cant term.

MUCH. (1) A term or expression of contempt
common in old plays, and generally meaning
little or none,far from it, by no means. It is
similarly used as an adjective, in all cases
inferring denial.

(2) To make much of; to coax; to stroke gently.
West.

(3) .A wonder; a marvel. Chesh.

(4) Great ; numerous. (-J.-S.) Hence tlie
adjective muchly.

The Ladie Cantabrigia speedelie.
And all her learn'd with greate s >lemnitie,
Wentgraveliedight toeiitertaine the dame.
They mnehlie lov'd,and honor'd in her name.
US. BM. Rig. 17 B. XV.
MUCH-HOW. Indeed! Devon.
MUCHNESS. Similarity, far. dial.
MUCH-ONE. Much the same. South.
MUCH-WHAT. For the most part. See

Holinshed, Hist. Scotland, pp. 44, 94.
MUCK. (1) To manure land. I'ar. dial. Also,
to clear of dung. It is a term of reproach.

(2) Moist ; damp ; wet. Lane.

(3) To run a muck, i. e. to go out of one's mind.
Devon.

(4 ) To labour very hard. Kent.

(5) Muck-cheap, very cheap. Muck-heap, a

MUF

565

MUL

dirty untidy person. Muck-grubbir, a miser.
Muckhill, a dunihill.

MUCKER. To lie dirtv. JVest.

MUCKETTY. Dirty; untidv. Suffolk.

MUCK-FORK. X dung-fo'rk; a fork with
crooked prongs to distribute manure. Mocke-
forcois, Reliq. Antiq. i. 86 ; moieforke, Lyd-
gate's Minor Poems, p. 189 ; mokhak, Fin-
chale Ch. It is also called a mud-croom, and
used for other purposes.

MUCK-HILL. A dunghill, far. dial. " A
muckelle, funarinm" Nominale ilS.

MUCKINDER. A handkerchief. Also called
a iiincklnger or a muckifer. The term is
still in use, hut generally applied to a dirtied
handkerchief.

MUCKLE. To disarrange, or disorder. East.

MUCKLE-DOWX. To "stoop. Devon.

MUCKLETON. An old male rat.

MUCK-OF-SWEAT. Excessive perspiration.

One of them, I thought, expressed her sentiments

upon this occasion in a very coarse manner, when

she observed that, by the living jingo, she was all of

a mttck-of.sweat. Vicar of Wakefield,

MUCKRE. To heap. {A.-S.)
MUCKSCUTCHEOX. A dirty person. Line.
MUCKSEX. Dirty. Mucksonup to thehuck-

son, chrty up to the knuckles. Muck-yiotit,

a foul-mouthed person. Muck-suckle, a tilthy

or varv untidv woman.
MUCKSHADE.' Twilight. ,\ortfi. Grose has

inucksliut, p. 109.
MUCK-WEED. The goose-foot. Norf.
MUCK-WET. Very wet or sloppy. " Enfondu,

mucke-wet," Cotgrave.
MUCK-M'ORM. A miser. Also, an upstart.
MUCKY. Dirty. Macky-wfiite. said of a

sallow complexion. Nortli.
MUD. (1) Must ; might. Nortti.

(2) A small nail or spike used hy cobblers. Xort/i.

(3) To bring up. fJ'ilts.

(4) A stupid fellow. /. JTig/it. Muddy, con-
fused, muddled.

MUDDLE. To confuse ; to perplex. East.

MUDDLY. Thick; foggy. North.

MUDGE. Mud; dirt. ^Derliysli.

MUDGELLY". Squashed ; trampled on as
straw is by cattle. South.

MUDGIX. X kind of chalky clay used for
daubing. Norf. Soft stone turning into and
raixins with mud is called mud-stone.

MUD-LAMB. A pet-lamb. South.

.MUD-PATTEXS. Wide flat pieces of board
which are strapped on the feet, and used to
walk over the soft mud deposited in harbours
hv the sea. Hants.

MUD-SHEEP. Sheep of the large old Tees-
water breed. North.

MUE. To change. {A.-N.)

MUET. Dumb; mute. {.i.-N.)

MUFF. (1) To speak indistinctly. Muffle is
more commonly used.

(2 ) A stupid fellow, far. dial.

MUFF-COATED-DUCKS. Muscov)' ducks.

MUFFETEE. A small muff worn over the
wrist. Var. dial.

MUFFLED-MAN. A man in disguise.

MUFFLER. A kind of wide band or wrapper,
chiefly covering the chin and throat, Imt
sometimes nearly all the face, worn formerly
by ladies. " A kerchiefe or like thing that
men and women used to weare about their
necke and cheekes, it may be used for a niulf-
ler," Baret, 1580.

MUFFS. Mittens. Yorksh.

MUG. (1) A fog or mist. North.

(2) The mouth. Also, the face. Var. dial.

(3) A pot ; an earthern howl. North. .K
hawker of pots is a mugger.

(4) A sheep without horns. Yorksh.

(5) The rump of an animal. Devon.
MUGED. Stirred ; hovered. Gawayne.
MUGEROM. The caul or fat in the inwards

of a hog. North.

MUGGARD. Sullen ; displeased. Ejtnoor.

MUGGETS. Chitterlings. Hence applied to a
crispy ruffled shirt. West, Mugilty-pin,
ArchKoIogia, xiii. 388.

MUGGLE. (1) To be restless. Devon.

(2) To drizzle with rain. Yorksh.

MUGGLETOXIANS. "A new blasphemous
sect, which began about the year 1637 when
Lodowic Muggleton, a journey man tajlor,
and one Reeves, declared themselves the two
last witnesses of God that ever should be
upon earth, and that they had absolute power
to save and damn whom they pleased ; to
which end one called himself the blessing,
the other the cursing prophet. Reeves dved
unpimish'd, but Muggleton was sentenc'd at
the Old BaUy, Jan. 1676, to stand on tlie
pillory, was fined 500£, and to lye in prison
till he paid it,' Blount, p. 426.

MUGGLETOXY. A moTigrel. South,

MUGGY'. (1) Close and damp, generally applied
to the weather. I'ar, dial.

(2) The white-throat. North,

(3) Half-intoxicated. Essex.
MUG-HOUSE. A potten-. West.
MUGLARD. A miserly jierson.

MUGLE. The mullet. Gratarolus, Direction

for Health, 1574.
ilUGWORT. Wormwood. North.
MUL15REDE. To break ; to crumble.
MULCH. Straw half-rotten, saturated for

manure. East,
MULCKT. A blemish or defect.
MULERE. A weasel. Somerset.
MULET. A mule. Yorksh.
MULFER. (1) To stifle up. (2) To moulder.
MULHARDE. A keeper of mules. It occurs

in the Nominale MS. Mulett, Archacologia,

xxviii. 98.
MULIERE. A wife; a woman. (^.-.V.)

jVK/ier/f'e iome, legitimately, HoUnshedjChron.

Ireland, p. 113.
MULITER. A muleteer. Shak.
MULL. (1)

And there they fonde thecofre ful,
sperd wvth the devvlvs mut.

■.W«. /1./.M701, f. 41

MUM

5Gf>

MUM

(2) A throw of a peg-top which fails to spin.
Hence mulled, sleepy, inactive.

(3) Dust ; dirt ; rubliish. North.

That other cofre of straw anti multe.
With stouis meynde he filde also.

Gouer, MS &>c. .Jnliq. 134. f- 141.

(4) To pull, or tumble about. JJ'eit. Also, to
break into small pieces.

(5) Soft, breaking soil. Norf.

(6) To boil or stew.

(71 To rub, squeeze, or bruise. TJ'est.
(8) To rain softly. Nominale MS.
(9; A blunder, mess, or failure. SmilA.
MULLETS. (1) Spurs. (.-I.-N.)

The brydylle reynys were of sylke,

The miilettys gylte they were.

' US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 87.

(2) Small pincers for curling the hair.
MULLEY. A cow. SnffoU:
MULL-HEAD. A stupid feUow. JTesf.
MULLIGRUB-GURGIX. A grub which feeds

exclusively on gure:in meal.
MULLIGRUBS. To have the mulligrubs, i. e.

to be ill-tempered and grumbling.
MULLIN. Metheglin. Somerset.
MULLING. A term of endearment applied to

a little boy.
MULLOCK. (1) A mess ; a blunder ; a dilemma :

an iU-managed affair.

(2) Dirt ; refuse ; rubbish. Still in use in the
North of England.

(3) The stump of a tree. JVest.

MULLS. The name by which milkmaids call
their cows. Norlhamptonsh.

MULL-WINE. A corruption of mvlled trine.

MULLY. To bellow. A farmer told a person
who was afraid to pass through the tield where
his bull was, on account of the noise he made,
"Don't fear, a woU mully, 7nulti/, viuUy, Imt
a 'out run.'' Suffolk.

MULNE. A mill. Stdl in use.

MULP. To pout ; to be sulkv. East.

MULSE. Sweet wine.

MULSY. Dirt ; rubbish. Beds.

MULTIPLICATION. The art of making gold
and silver. {A.-X.)

MULTIPLYING-GLASS. A magnifying-glass.
See the Bride, 1640, sig. F. ii.

MULTON. A sheep. (>'/•.)

MULVELL. The haddock? Translated by
mitlvellus in Nominale MS.

MUM. (1) A beetle. South.

(2) Silent, secret anger. Esse.r.

MUMBLE. To stick together. Suffolk. Sticky
soil is said to be mumbly,

MUMBLE-A-SPARRO\V. A cruel sport prac-
tised at wakes and fairs, in the following
manner: A cock sparrow whose wings are
clipped, is put into the crown of a hat; a
man having his arms tied bcliind him, attempts
to bite off the sparrow's head, but is generally
obliged to desist, by the many pecks and
piuclics he receives from the enraged bird.

MUMBLE-MATINS. A Popish priest.

MUM-BUDGET. A cant word implying silence.
" Avoir le bee gelc, to play mumbudget, to be

tongue-tyed, to say never a word," Cotgrave.
" To play at mumbudget, demurer court tie
sonner mot," Howell.

In the city of Glocester M. Bird of the chappel]
met with Tarllon, who, joyfull to re^reet other,
went to visit his friends ; amongst the rest, M. Bird,
of the qiieenes chappell, visited M. Woodcock of
the colledge, when meeting, many friendly speeches
past, amongst which, M. Woodcock challenged M.
Bird of him. who ninsed that hee was of his affinity
and hce nevtr knew it. Ves, saycs M. Woodcock,
every woodcock is a bird, therefore it must needs be
so. Lord, sir, sayes Tarlton, you are wide, for
though every woodcock be a bird, yet every bird is
not a woodcock. So Master Woodcock like a wood-
cock bit his lip, and mn^ibudget wa3 silent.

Tarlton's Jests, 410. Lond. 1611.

MUMCH.\XCE. An old game, mentioned in
Cotgrave, in v. Chance; Apollo Sliroving,
1627, p. 49 ; Taylor's Motto, 1622, sig. D. iv.
According to some writers, silence was an
indispensable requisite to this game, and in
Devon a silent stupid person is called a mum-
chance, MiUes' MS. Gloss.

MUMMER. A masker. The term mummers
is now applied to the youths fantastically
dressed who dance about at Christmas, and
sometimes act a dramatic piece.

j4-mt(Tnmit)^. quoth you ; why, there can be no-
thing worse then for a man to goe a'tiiutttmiti^e
when he hath no mony in his purse.

Marriage of Witt and Wisdome, 1579.

MUMMY^. (I) To beat any one to a mummy,
i. e. very severely.

(2) Topsell, p. 83, mentions a herb so called.
Egyptian mummy, or rather a substitute for
it, was formerly used in medicine. " To
make muynmee of her grease," Fletcher's
Poems, p. 256. Blount describes mummy,
"A thing like pitch sold by apothecaries;
it is hot in the second degree, and good against
all bruisings, spitting of blond, and divers
other diseases. There are two kinds of it,
the one is digged out of the graves in Arabia
and Syria of those bodies that were embalmed,
and is called Arabian Mummy. The second
kind is onely an equal mixture of the Jews
lime and Bitumen."

MUMP. (I) To beat ; tobruise. North.

(2) To beg ; to cheat ; to intrude. West.

(3) To make grimaces. " Simper and mumpe,"
Lilly, ed. 1632, sig. Cc. x.

(4) A protuberance ; a lump. Somerset. Florio
mentions " swellings in the necke called the
mutnps,'* p. 425.

(5) To be sulky. Snffoli.

(6) Anv creat kiiottvpiece of wood ; a root. Gloitc.

MUMPER. A beggar. Var. dial.

MUMPING-DAY. The twenty-first of Decem-
ber, when the poor go about the country,
begging corn, (ic Herefordsh. See Dunkin's
Hi'storj- of Bicester, p. 270. ed. I8I6.

MUMPOKER. .\ word used to frighten naughty
children. " I will send the mumpoker after
you." /. of Wight.

MUMPSIMUS. An old error, in which men
obstinately persevere • taken from a tale of

MUR

567

MUS

an ignorant monk, who in his breviary had
always said munipsitmis instead of sttmpsimus,
and being told of his mistake, said, " I will
not change my old mumpsimus for your new
sumpsimiis." Bentley has made good use of
this tale in his Epistles on Phalaris.

Some be to stiffe in their old ynump^imtis, other
be to busy and curious in their newe sumpsimus.

HaU. Henry fill f. 261.

MUM-RUFFI\. The long-tailed tit. n'urc.
MUX. (1) Must. Var. dial.

(2) The mouth. A common cry at Coventry on
Good Friday is —

One a penny, two a penny, hot cross buns.

Butter them and sugar them and put them in your muna.

(3) Mun fish, rotten fish used in Cornwall for
manure.

(4) k low familiar mode of address, said to be a
corruption oivtan, but applied to both sexes.

MUN'CH. Something to eat.

MLNCH.\TOES. Moustachios.

Now in my two muurhatofj for a need.
Wanting a rope, I could well hang myselfe.

How to C/'Oose a GMid Wife, 1634.

MUNCH-PRESENT. One who takes bribes.
" Maunche present, briffaull," Palsgrave.

MU>'CORN'. MLved corn. Xorlh. "in Here-
fordshire a muncom team means a team of
horses and oxen mixed.

MUNDAINE. Worldly possessions.

MUN'DEFIE. To clear; to make clean. See
Topsell's Beasts, p. 343; Serpents, p. r6.

MUNDICK. " X yellow ore niixd with tinn in
the stannaries of Cornwall, which is wrought
into true copper, and thereby affords a great
advantage," Kennett.

MUNDLE. k slice or stick used in making
puddings, &c. Xorfh.

MUNG. (1) Food for chickens, because usually
of a mixed nature.

(2) .V crowd of people. Chesh.

MUNGE. To munch. Var. dial.

MUNGER. (1) To mutter; togrumble. Xorlh.

(2) A horse collar made of straw.

MUXGY. Sultry; hot. West.

MUXITE. To strengthen ; to fortify.

Their reaimes and countries are fortified and
munited wyth a double power, that is to say, with
their owne strength and the aydc of their frendes.

Hall, Richard 111. f. 18.

MUXXION. A mulUon. Moron. Still in use,
Barnes' Dorset Glossary, p. 329.

IIUXSWORX. Forsworn. Yorksh.

MUXT. To hint. North.

MUXTE. (1) To give ; to measure out mede.

(2) Went. Piers Ploughman, p. 461.

MUXTEL.\TE. .\. dish in ancient cookery de-
scribed in Ord. and Reg. p. 429.

MUXTIXS. The intermediate upright bars of
framing. A joiner's term.

MUR. (1) A mouse. Devon.

(2) .\ severe cold with hoarseness.

Deafe eares, blind eyes, the palsie, goute and mur.
And cold would {till thee, but for fire and fur.

Rowland's .More Knaves Yet, 1612.

.MUR.\Y. A wall. (A.-N.)

MURCH. A diminutive man.

MURCHY. Mischief. Devon. The old-mtir-

chy, a term for the devil.
MURDERER. A very destructive piece of

ordnance. It is called a murdering piece by

Shakespeare.
MURDERIXG-PIE. The butcher-bird.
MURDLI. Jovful ; pleasant. (.^.-5.)
MURE. (1) A wall. {Laf.) Also a verb, as in

Harrison's England, p. 216.

(2) Husks or chaff of fniit after it has been
pressed. North.

(3) Soft ; meek ; demure. Ea.it.
(3) To squeeze. Cormr.
MURELY". Xigh ; almost. Cornw.
MURENGER. "a superintendent of the walls

of a town or city. Chesh.
MURFLES. Freckles ; pimples. Devon.
MUKGE. Tojoy; to gladden. {A.-N.) Muri/o.<il,

merriest, Rob. Glouc. p. 349.
MURGIX. A bog ; a quagmire. Chesh.
-MURKIXS. lu the dark. North.
MURL. To crumble. North.
MURXE. Sorro\vfnl. (A.-S.)
Ther lete we hem sojume,
And speke we of chaunces hard and murne.

Arthoiir and Merlin, p. 308.

MURRAIX-BERRIES. The berries of the black

briony are so called in the Isle of Wight.
MURRE. An old dish in cookery, described in

Warner's .\ntiq. Culin. p. 83.
MURREY. A dark red coloiu".
MURRLE. To muse attentivelv. Cumti.
MURTH. Plentv ; abundance. ' North.
MURUXS. The herb cliickweed.
MUS. Muzzle ; mouth. Spelt mus in Tiin

Bobbin, Gl. ed. 1806.
MUSARD. (1) A wretch, or vagabond.
Ich wene thou art a fole mu^ard
When thou of love me hast bi^uglit.

Cy of Waru-ike, p. lu.
(2) A foolish fellow. Devon.
MUSC.iDIXE. A rich sweet-smelling wine.
Also called the muscadel.

-And i will have also wyne lie Ryne,

With new maid Clarye, that is good and fyne,

iluscadell, lerantyne, and bastard.

With Ypoctas and Pyment comyng afterwarde,

MS. Rawl.C. 86.
MUSCET. A muscle. Xominale MS.
MUSCLE-PLUM. A dark purple plum.
MUSCOVY'.GLASS. Talc.
MUSCULL. A pustule.
MUSE. (1) To wonder. Shak.

(2) .\ hole in a hedge through which game passes.
Also called muset.

But the good and aproved hounds on the con-
trary, when they have found the hare, make shew
thcrof to the hunter, by runi.ing more speedily, and
with gesture of head, eyes, ears, and tade, wiudliifi
to the hares nius-, never give over prosecution with
a gallant noise, no not returning to their leaders,
least they loose advantage.

Toi-teU's Four-Footed Beam, 1607, P- 13S-
Or with hare-pypes set in a muxet hole.
Wilt thou deceave the deep-earth-delving coney ? .
The .-iffecttonate Sheplieard, 1594.

(3) To gaze. (^.-A'.)

MUT

568

MYS

ML'SH. (1) Dust ; dusty refuse. North.

{2) Guardedly silent. East.

(3) Anything mashed. Lane.

{A) To break a child's spirit by unnecessary
harshness. Warm.

(.')) The best kind of iron ore.

MUSHERON. A mushroom; toadstool. It
occurs in Palsgrave, 1530. Mmhrump, an-
other form, is found in MarJowe, and Shake-
speare, Tempest, ed. 1623, p. 16, col. 2.

MUSHROO.M-HITCHES. Inequalities in the
floor of a coal mine, occasioned by the pro-
jection of basaltic or other stony substances.
North.

MUSIKER. A musician.

MUSK. The herb cranes-bill.

MUSKEL. A caterpillar. Devon.

MUSKET. The male sparrow-hawk. See
Harrison, p. 227. It is the translation of
capusmMS. Addit. 11579.

MUSKIN. " A proper visage," Palsgrave.

MUSROLL. The nose-band of a horse's bridle.
{Fr.) Still in use.

MUSS. (1) A mouse. Jonson, i. 49.

(2) A scramble. There was a scrambling game
amongst children so called. " Striving as
children play at musse," Florio, p. 38.

(3 The moutii. North.

MUSSELL. A lump of bread, &c.

MUST. (1) Ground apples. \J'est.

(2) New wine. A very common term in old
authors.

(3) Well must ye, an elliptical phrase for wishing
good luck to any one.

(4) To turn mouldy. Palsgrave.
MUSTILER. Armour for the body.
MUSTIR. To talk together privately.
MUSTREDEVILLIARS. A kind of mixed

grey woollen cloth, which continued in use
up to EUzabeth's reign. It is sometimes spelt
m listard-vilUirs.

MUT. Must ; might. North. This form oc-
curs in Torrent, p. 61.

MUTE. (1) A mule of the male kind out of a
she-ass by a horse, though some will have it
that a mule so bred is termed a mute without
reference to se.t. Lino.

(2) The dung of hawks.

One used an improper tearme to a falkoncr, say-
that his hauke dung'd. The falkoner told him that
he should have said muted. Anon after this fellow
stumbled, and fel into a cowshare, and the falkoner
asking him how hee came so beray'd, he answered,
In a cow mute-

Wits, Fittest and Fancies, 1595, p. 178.

(3) To mew ; to moult.

(4) A pack of hounds. Sometimes, the cry of
hounds. Gent. Rec.

MUTESSE. The same as Mute (2).

MUTHE. An armv. (.I.-N.)

MUTIX. Mutinous. Skai.

MUTTING. Sulky ; glumping. Comw. Mut-
tinge, muttering, Chester Plays, i. 132.

MUTTON. A prostitute. Mutton-monger, a
man addicted to muttons. Both terms are
still in common use. '• A noteable smel-

smocke, or muttomnungar, a cunning sohcitor

of a wench," Cotgrave.
MUTTON-TOPS. The young tops or shoots of

the goose-foot.
MUTTY-CALF. A very young calf. Also, a

simpleton. Yorish.
MUTUATE. Borrov.'ed. (ia/.)

Whiche for to set themselfes and their band the

more gorgeously forwaril had niutuate and borowed

dyverse and sondry surames of money.

Hall, Henry VIJ. f. 2?

MUWEN. May. {A.-S.)

MUX. Muck ; dirt. Hence muxen, a dunghill.

JJ'est. Lve has mitry, a Devonshire word.
MUZWEB. ' A cobweb. North.
MUZZLE. (1) The face. Var. dial.

(2) To drink excessively, tine.

(3) To trifle ; to skulk. Yorish. It seems to oc-
cur in a similar sense in Florio, ed. 1611, p. 25.

(4) To grub up with the snout, as swine do.
Devon.

MUZZY. Half drunk, far. dial.

MYCULLE. Much; great.

Now alle wymmen that has your wytte.
And sees my childe on my knees ded,
Wepe not for yours, but wepe for hit.
And jeshallehave ful m.vcti//e mede.
He wolde agayne for your luf blede,
R.ither or that ;e damned were;
I pray yow alle to hym take hede ;
For now liggus ded my dere son dere.

MS. Cantab. Ff. V. 48. f. 73.

ilYDDYNG-PYTTE. Dunghill-pit. See Midden.
That contr^ es so fayre on to loke,
.^nd so bryght and brade, als says the buke.
That alle this world thare we wonne yhitte,
AVar noght hot als a myddyng-pytte
To regarde of that centre so brade.

Hampate, MS. Bowes, p. MS.

MY-EYE. A veiy common low exclamation
of astonishment.

MY-HEN-HATH-LAID. A kind of game men-
tioned bv Florio, p. 474.

MY-LADY''S-H0LE. a game at cards.

MY'LATE. A dish in ancient cookery, described
in Forme of Cury, p. 69.

MYR. Pleasant. '(^.-S.) JV/yrr^, merry, Tor-
rent of Portugal, p. 13.
Quy shuld thou leve so myf a tbyng,
That is likand and swete. MS. Cantab. Ft.v. 48, f. 62.

MYSBREYDE. Evil birth. (.V.-S.)
For thys skyle hyt may be seyde,
Handlyng synne for oure mysbreyde.

MS. Harl. 1701, f- 1.

MY'SE. To mince, or cut in small pieces.
MYSELL. Myself. North. 1 have also heard

■mysen in the same sense.
MYSELVENE. Myself. {A.-S.)
MYSFARYNGE. Hurt ; injured.
He sawe aknyghte rydynge,
Hys ryght arme was niysfai-ynge,

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 154
MY-SOW-PIGGED. An old game mentioned

in Tavlor's Motto, 12mo. 1622, sig. D. iv.
MYSP.URE. EvU?

Syr, he seyde, the kyng Edgare
Dryveth the to grete myspayre.

31S. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 123.

MYSSE. To fail. (A.-N.)

NAI

569

NAK

Heshal have warryngfor blysse.
And of blessyng shall he mj/sse.

MS. Harl.l'Ol.f. 9.
MYSTHROWE. To mistrust. {J.-S.)

But our Lady was evyr stedfast in thefeith,
And mi/strou'id not of his resureccion,

MS. Laud. 416, f . 42.
Tel me, therfore, if it be so,
Hastow thin yhe ought mtjsthrowe?

Gower, 3IS. Bodl. 294, f. 11.
And be no morre so mi/stroward.
But trow trewly.

Crofts Escerpta Antiqua, p. llU.

MYSTYMED. Skinner explains ih\s,mal€ tern-
pus in hoc mnndo hnpendit.

And as he hath the world mpatymed.

Gower, MS. Bodl. 294.

MYS3. Mice.

After rhis, ther come oute of the redez a gretc
multitude of mys^, als grete als foxes, and ete up
the dede bodys. MS. Lincoln A. i. J?, f. 28.

MYTHE. iMild.

O Judas, sore ashamed thou be may
So meke and so mythe a mayster to tray.

MS. HiiH. I7II1, f. «5.
MY5TV0L. Powerful. Rob. Glouc.

NA. No. North. It is even a mark of
North country dialect in some MSS.
NAB. (1) A cant term for the head. See a list
in Brit. Bibl. ii. 521.

(2) The summit of an eminence. North.

(3) To catch ; to seize ; to overtake a person
unexpectedly. Var. dial. To nab the rust,
i. e. to receive punishment unexpectedly.

(4) Kennett has, "nab of a bolt, the sholder of
iron sticking out about the middle of the bolt
in a lock, the use of -nhich is to receive the
bottom of the bit of the key, when, in turning
it about, it shoots the bolt backwards and
forwards."

NABALL. A fool. One of Rowlands' epigrams,
in his More Knaves Yet, 1612, is addressed
" to all London's naballs.'^

NABBITY. Dwarfish. East.

NABCIIET. .\ hat or cap. An old cant term,
given by Harman, 1567. Nabcher, Earle, p.
253. Grose has nab-cheat.

NAB-NANXY'. A louse. East.

NA-BUT. Onlv. North.

NACKENDOLE. Eight pounds of meal. Lane.
It is supposed to be a kneading-dole, the
quantity usually taken for kneading at one
time. Often pronoimced aghetidole. It oc-
curs in Prompt. Parv. under the form eytendele.

N.\€KER. (1) A young colt. Devon.

(2) To snap the fingers. Wilts.

N.\CKING. A handkerchief Cornw.

NADDE. For ne hadde, had not. {A.-S.)

NADDLING. Nodding. Devon.

N-EVE. A spot ; a faidt. (Lat.)

N.\F. The pudendum muliebre. North.

NAFFING. Grumbhng; haggling. North.

N.\G. To nick, chip, or sUt. Line.

NAGE. The backside. (A.-N.)

NAGGING-PAIN. A slight but constant pain,
as the toothache. Tl'est.

NAGGLE. (1) To gnaw. North.

(2) To toss the head in a stiff and affected man-
ner. East.

NAGGLED. Tired. Oxon.

NAGGY. Touchy; irritable. North.

NAGRE. A miserlv person. North.

NAID. Denied. Skelton, ii. 197.

NAIF. A term applied by jewellers to a stone
of true natural lustre.

NAIL. (1) Eight pounds, generally applied to
articles of food. South.

(2) To prick a horse in shoeins.

NAIL-BIT. A gimlet. //e>-e/.

NAILBURN. A kind of temporarj' brook or
intermittent land-spring, verj* irregular in its
visitation and duration. There are several
nailburns in Kent. One may be mentioned
below Barham Downs, which sometimes ceases
to flow for two or three years, and then breaks
out verv" copiously, and runs into the lesser
Stour at Bridge. Warkworth, Chronicle, p.
24, gives a verv' curious account of these sin-
gidar streams, and mentions one " byside
Canturbury called Naylborne," which seems
to be that above alluded to.

N,\ILED. Caught ; secured ; fi.xed. It occurs
in the Pickwick Papers, p. 429, as a slang
term, but may possibly be genuine from A.-S.
neala;cean.

NAILER. A person who sells nails.

NAIL-PASSER. A gunlet. West. Kennett
has naikin in the same sense.

NAIL-SPRING. A hang-nail. Devon.

NAITINE. To deny. Prompt. Pan.

N.\K.\R. A naked person. Nominale MS.

NAKE. To make naked. {AS.)

NAKED-BED. A person undressed and in bed
was formerly said to be in naked-bed, and,
according to Brockett, the plirase is still in
use apphed to any one entirely naked. The
term was probably derived from the ancient
custom of sleeping without night linen, which
was most common in this country during the
thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries.
The Danes and Saxons appear to have been
far more civilized in this respect. In Isum-
bras, 102, a mother and her children are
described as escaping from a fire " alle als
nakede als thay were borne ;" but it would
seem from a passage in Piers Ploughman, p.
273, that the practice was not quite universal.
See Mr. AV right's notes, p. 557 ; Rifson's
Anc. Pop. Poet. p. 49. Compare also Arniin's
Nest of Ninnies, p. 24, " Jemy ever used to
lye naked, as is the use of a number." Two
verj' curious anecdotes in Hall, Henrv- VII. tf.
20, 53, may also be consulted. " In naked
bedde, .au lict couche tout nud ; in naked

36*

NAM

570

NAP

bedde, couchez nud a nud, or on les trouva
coucher ensemble nud a nud" Palsgrave.
Ne be thi winpil nevere so jelu ne so stroutende,
Ne thi faire tail so long ne so trailende»
That tu ne schall at evin al kuttid bilevin.
And tou schalt to bedde gon so nakid as tou were
[borin]. Reliq. Antiq. ii. 15.

A noysom worm, or coverlid.
Or side-piece of thy na^ed bed.

Fletcher's Poenis, p. 105.
At twelve aclock at night,

It flowde with such a hed,
Vea, many a woful wight
Did swim in naked bed.

Battad bt/ Tarltoil, 1570.

NAKED-GULL. An unfledged bird. This

terra is still used in Chesliire.
NAKED-LADIES. The plant saffron.
NAKER. (1) Mother of pearl. {Fr.)
(2) A kind of drum. A kettle-drum, according
to \Varton, i. 169. "Pipes, trompes, and
nakers," Minot, p. 63. Ducange describes
it to have been a kind of brazen drum used
in the cavalry, and Maunderile, p. 281, men-
tions it as a high-sounding instrument.
With trompis and with nakerere.
And with the schalmous fuUe clere.

ll.'y. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 134.

N.A.KETTE. A sort of precious stone, mentioned

in Emare, 94, 142.
NAKID. Empty; unrigged.

And hath ordeyned, as sche thou5le,
A nakid schip withoute stere.

Gower, MS. Siic. Antiq. 134, f. 65.
NAKINS. No kind of. (A.-S.) Nakyn,

Ywaineand Gawin,897.
NAKKE. The neck. Perceval, 692.
NAKNED. .Made naked ; nakened. {.-l.-S.)
NALE. Ale ; ale-house, .^//e na fr, a corrup-
tion of A.-S. act {laa ale, is common. See
Piers Ploughman, p. 531 ; Skelton, ii. 117 ;
Tyrwliitt's Glossar>', p. 165 ; Thynne's Debate,
p. 53 ; and example in v. .4tte.
While men loveden raeri song, gamen and feire tale,
Noti hem is wel levere gon to the nate,
L'cchen out the gurdel and rume the worabe,
Comen erliche thider and sitte ther ful longe.

MS. Biidl. 652, f. I.
NALL. An awl. See Tusser, p. 10. I\'auie,

TopseU's Beasts, 1607, p. 183.
NALTERJACK. A toad. Suffolk.
N-i^-M. For ne am, am not. {J.-S.)
NAME. Took. (J.-S.)

The kyng had a crounne on hys hede.

It was no sylver ne gold rede.

It was all off presyous stone,

Als bry;t as any sone it schone !

Also sone as he to me come.

Whether I wold ore not up he me name.

M.S. Jihmole 61, XV. Cent.
On a day the erle tohurcaine.
And yn hys armys he hur jiame.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 117.
Ooddes aungeles the soule nam.
And bare hyt ynto the bosum of Abraham.

MS. Harl. 17U1, f. 44.
Oowne be an hylle the wcy she name.
And to the Grekeysch see sche came.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 84.

NAMELESS. Anonymous. Reginald Scot, in
his Discoverie of Witchcraft, 4to. Loud. 1584,
quotes " T. R. a nameles author." It occiurs
iu Two Gent, of Verona, ii. 1.
NAMELY. Especially.
NAMMET. A luncheon. South.
NAMMORE. No more. (A.-S.)

Hesegh the child so queinte of lore.
He wolde techen him nammore.

The Sevyn Sages, 1018
NAN. (1) Used for Anan, q. v.

(2) .\ small eartheru jar. Devon.

(3) None. StiU in common use.

In al Rom that riche stede,
Suche ne was ther nan.

Legend of St. Alexander, MS.
NANCY. (1) A smaU lobster. East.
(2) Mis.i Nancy, an effeminate man.
NANG. ToinsiUt. West.
NANG.\TIS. In no manner. (.^.-5.)
NANGNAIL. A hangnail. Far. dial.
NANKINS. No kind of. (.^.-5.)
NANNACKS. Valueless trifles. East.
NANNLE-BERRIES. See Anberry.
N.\NNY. A goat. Hence, a kept woman oi

whore. Nanny-fionse, a brotliel.
NANNY-HEN. As nice as a nanny hen, i. e.
very affected or delicate. Cotgrave has the
phrase, " as nice as a nunnes henne."
Women, women, love of women
Make bare purs with some men.
Some be nyse as a nanne hene,

5it al thei benat so ;
Some be lewde, some all be shreude.
Go schrewes wher thei goo.

MS. Lambeth 300, f. 135
NAN-PIE. A magpie. North.
NANTERSCASE. In case that. North.
NANTHING. Nothing. (A.-S.)
NANTLE. To fondle ; to trifle. North.
NAP. (1) Expert. Yorksh.

(2) A stroke ; a blow. Devon. " I nawpe one
in the necke," Palsgrave.

(3) A small rising ; a hillock. West.

(4) To cheat at dice. Grose.

(5) To seize ; to grasp. North.
NAP-AT-NOON. The purple goat's heard.
NAPE. (1) A piece of wood used to support the

fore-part of a loaded waggon. North. See
Kennett, p. 77.

(2) A hole, or fracture. Devon.

(3) To behead ; to kill by a stroke in the neck.
Nominale MS.

NAPERY. Linen. Generally table hnen.
" Naprie store of lynen, tinge," Palsgrave.
The term is still in use, and any kind of light
ornamental ware is called naperij-ware in the
Nortli of England. Naprc, MS. Cantab. Fi.
i. 6, f. 58.

NAPET. A napkin ; a handkerchief.

N.\PIER'S-BONES. An instrument consistiug
of small rods, much used in the seventeenth
century to expedite arithmetical calcidations
so called from its inventor, Lord Napier, who
published an account of it under the title of
RabdoloyitB, seu numerationis per viryutas.

NAS

571

NAU

librt duo, 8vo. Edinb. 161". See a notice of
Napier's liones in Cleaveland Revived, 1660,
p. 32, in a poem by Hall.

A moon dial, with Napier's bctyies.
And several constellation stones.

Hudibras, II. iii. 1095.
NAPKIN. A pocket-handkerchief. Ray says,
" so called about Sheffield in Yorkshire."
It is frequently found in old plays, and is not
vet obsolete.
NAPPE. To sleep. {A.-S.)
N.\PPER. The head. Var.diat.
NAPPERN. An apron. North. We have

naprun in Pr. Parv. p. 25.
NAPPERS. The knees. Line.
N.\PPING. Taken napping, i. e. taken in the
fact, especially in adultery. " To take nap-
ping with rem in re.'* Florio, p. 126.
N.\PPY. Strong, as ale, &c. " Noppy as ale

is, vigoreUci'" Palsgrave.
N.A.R. Near ; nearer. North.
So longe we may goo seke
For that which is not farte,
Till ended be the week.
And we never the nane. MS. Catton.Vcsp. A. xxv.

NARD. (1) Odoriferous.

To my smell
yard sents of rue, and wormwood.

Tlie .Vtltes Looking Glass, ltM3, p. 2?.

(2) The herb pepperwort.

NARE. (1) A nose. {Lat.)

(2) Never. Devon. Also as Nar, q. v.

N.iRES. The nostrils of a hawk.

NARGWE. Narrow. Narger, narrower, is

still used in Somerset.

Make a pipe with a brod end on the stone and the

nargwe end on the sore tothe, so that the smok may

come thorw the pype to the tothe.

MS. Med. Rec. xv. Cent.

NARLE. A hard swelling on the neck, arising
from a cold. Glouc. Also, a knot in a tree ;
a knot in thread, &c.

N.ARN. Never a one. West.

NARREL. A nostril. "Ahaukes narelt, one
of the little holes whereat she drawes in, and
lets out, her breath," Cotgrave.

NARROW-DALE-NOON. One o'clock. The
top of Narrowdale Hills in Staffordshire is so
high that the inhabitants under it for one
quarter of the year never see the sun, and
when it appears again they see it not till one
by the clock, which they call thereabout the
narrow-dale-noon, using it proverbially when
they woidd express a thing done late at noon.

NARROW-SOULED. Very stingy. North.

NARROW-WRIGGLE. An earwig. East.

NARRY. Not either ; none West.

NAR-SIN. Never since. North.

NAR\\'E. Close ; narrow. {A.-S.)

NAS. Was not. (.-/.-S.)

Our princes apeken wordes felle,
And seyd that her king
Has bot a bretheling.

Arthournni Merlin, p. 7.

NASH. (1) ChiUy. Wilts.

(2) Firm ; stiff; hard. Verb.

NASK. .A prison. An old cant term.

NAST. (1) Dirt ; nastiness. Weit.

(2) For Me hasi, hast thou not .'

NASTEN. To rentier nasty. Somerset.

NASTIC. Short-breathed.' Devon.

N.\STY. Ill-tempered. I'ar. dial.

NASTY-OFF. In a bad pUght ; awkwardly si-
tuated. Somerset.

NAT. .\ mat. Palsgrave. " A natt, scorium,"
Nominale >IS. [Storea.]

NATAL. Presithng over nativity.

NATCHES. The notches or battlements of a
church-tower. Kent.

NATE. (1) Naught ; bad. Ke,it.

(2) To use ; to make use of. Northumb.

NATELIE. Neatly ; in order. (.-/.-5.)

NATHE. The nave. " Nathe stocke of a
whele," Palsgrave. Still in use.

NATHELESSE. Nevertheless. (A.-S.)

N.^THEMORE. Not the more. Spenser.

NATION. (1) A family. (A.-N.)

(2) Verv ; excessive. Var. dial. Said to be a
corruption of damnation.

NATIVE. Native place. Var. dial.

N.4TIVITY-PIE. A Christmas-pie.

NATLINGS. Chitterhngs. Devon.

NATRELLE. The crown of the head. " Ver-
tex, a natrelle," Nominale MS.

NATTERED. Ill-tempered. North.

NATTLE. (1) To strike ; to knock. North.

(2) To be busy about trifles. East.

NATTY. Neat; spruce, far. dial.

NATTY-BOXES. The contribution paid periodi-
cally by the workmen in various branches of
trade to the trade union to which they belong.
York.

N.\TTY-L.\DS. Young pickpockets.

NATURABLE. (1) Natural. (2) Kind.

NATUR.\L. (,1) Native disposition.

(2) .Vn ithot. Still in use.

(3) Legitimate. Constantly used in this sense
by early writers.

(4) Quite. Dorset.

(5) Kind; charitable. Line. Sir Thomas More
ajiparently uses the word in this sense in the
Supplycacyon of Soulys, sig.Liii. Shakespeare
has nalurp ior good feeling, natural affection.
In Devonshire, simpUcity is often denomi-
nated good nature.

(6) A term at vingt-un, a game at cards, mean-
ing a tenth card and an ace, or the whole
number of twenty-one reahzed at once with
two cards.

NATURELIKE. Natural. Pakgrave.
NATY. Fat and lean, in good order for eating.

Devon.
NAL'FRAGIATE. To shipwreck. It occurs in

Lithgow's Pilgrimes Farewell, 1618.
NAUGHT. Bad; naughty. Be naur/ht awhile,

an oath or execration. To be naught with,

to be adulterous. To call one to naught, to

abuse excessively.
NAUGHTY-PACK. An old phrase of abuse.

Still in use, but generally applied to children

in a softer manner.
NAUN. Nothing. Suffolk.

NEA

572

NEC

NAUNTLE. To elevate gently. North.
NAUP. The same as Nap (2).
NAUR. Nowhere. Heame.
NAVE. (1) Have not. {A.-S.)

That I nave childe reweth me sore ;
If 1 mi^te have lever me wore.
Ctirsoy Munii, MS. Call. Trin. Cantab, f. 64.
(2) A wooden instrument on which the straw is

laid in thatching. Oxon.
NAVEGOR. An auger, a carpenter's tool.
This word occurs in an inventory dated A. D.
1301, and in Nominale MS.
NAVEL-HOLE. The hole in a millstone for

receiving the grain.
NAVET. Rape-seed, (i^r.) It is more gene-
rally spelt navew.

If he eate spiders he instantly dyeth thereof, ex-
cept he eate also wilcie ivy or sea-crabs. Likewise
navew-gerUiU and oleander, kill the hart.

Topselts Four-Footed Beasts, 1C07, p. I3U.
NAVIES. Excavators. Var. dial.
NAVY. A canal North.
NAWDER. Neither. Still in use.
NAWEN. Own. Lydgate, p. 110. Still in

use. Craven Gl. ii. 5.
N.\WL. The navel. Somerset. It is an archa-
ism. See Pr. Parv. p. 296.
NAWT. Nought.

In wordely muk ys here conscidence.
For they sette at nawt clene consciennce.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 139.
NAWTH. Poor ; destitute.
NAWT-HEAD. A blockhead ; a coward. North.
NAXTY. Nasty ; filthy.

NAY. To deny. Also, denial, as in Sir Eglamour,
1130. // is no nay, it is not to be denied.

The cardinall, then beyng Bishop of Winchester,
toke upon hyra the state of cardinall, whiche was
wayed and denayed hym by the kyngofmoste noble
memory. Hail, Henry VI. f. 61.

NAYE. An egg.

The two eyne of the byeryne was brighttere thane

silver,
The tother was jalowere thenne the jolke of a naye.
Stone Arthwe, MS. Lincnln, f. 88.

NAYNSTE. The nonce. Nominale MS.

NAY-SAY. A refusal. North.

NAY'-THEN. A phrase implying doubt, disap-
pointment, or wonder.

NAY -WORD. A watch-word. Also, a proverb,
a bye-word. Shak.

NAZART. A mean person; an ass. Berb.
Sometimes nar*/e, in the same sense. " Some
selfe-conceited nazold," Optick Glasse of Hu-
mors, 1639, p. 160. Mr. Scatcherd has, "naz-
zald, an insignificant lad."

NAZE. The same as Bevel (1).

NAZY. Intoxicated. North.

NAZZLES. Ill-tempered. Yorksh.

NE. Not; nor. {A.-S.)

Bi Appolyn, that sitteth on hie !

A fairer childe never 1 ne sye.

Neither of lengthe ne of bredc,

iVe so feire lemys hcde. Be>>es of Hamtoun, MS.

NEAGER. A term of reproach. North.

NEA-MAKINS. No matter. Yorish.

NEAMEL. Nimble. Yor/csh.

NEANY. None.

NEAP. A turnip. Comw.
NEAPENS. Both hands full. North.
NEAR. (1) Empty. South.

(2) Close ; penurious. Var. dial.

(3) The kidney. Forby says it is the fat of the
kidney. " Neare of a beest, roignon," Pals-
grave. " Ren, a nere," Nominale MS.

(4) The left side of a horse is usually termed the
Ji€ar side.

(5) Nearer. See Nar.

(6) Neither. Line. See Skinner.
NEAR-HAND. Almost. Also, probably. Nere-

Iiande, near, Perceval, 496.

Madam, it is ner-hand passyd prime.
And me behoves al for to dyne,

Bothe wyn and ale to drynke ;
Whenne I have dynyd thenne wole I fare,
God may covere hem off here care.
Or that I slepe a wynke.

Romance of Athelston, p. 92.
NEARING-CLOTHES. The garments orUnen

worn next the skin.
NEAR-NOW. Not long since. Norf.
NEAR-SIGHTED. Short-sighted. Var.dial.
NEART. Night. Devon.
NEAT. Horned oxen. Neat-house, a cow.
house, is still in use. Neat-foot-oil, oil or
grease extracted from cows' feet.
NEATRESS. A female keeper of herds.
NEB. (1) The nose. Also, a bill or beak. Hence,
to kiss. North. It sometimes means the
face in early English, as in Reliq. Antiq. i.
124 ; Gy of Warwike, p. 303.

Hirgray eyghen, hir nf66wschene.

Guy of IVarwick, p. 6.
Fram the cheke the neb he bar.
The scheld fram the schulder thar.

.4ithour and Merlin , p. 22!l.
Josep aim into halle and sau^ his brethren wepe ;
He kisseth Benjamin, anon his neb began wipe.

MS. Bodl. 0'52. f. HI.
Into his hour he Is come.
And slant biforehire bed.
And find thar twa neb to neb.
Neb to ?ieb, an mouth to mouth ;
Wele sone was that sorwe couth !

Florice and Blatlchejiour, 018.

(2) The pole of an ox-cart. South.

(3) The handle of a scvthe. North.
NEBBOR. A neighbour. North.'
NEBLE. A woman's nipple. Palsgrare.
NECANTUR. The book of accounts of the

slaughter-house. {Lat.)
NECE. A niece ; a cousin. {.4.-N.)
NECESSAIRE. Necessan". (A.-N.)
NECESSITY. Bad illicit 'spirit. Devon. See

Marshall's West of England, i. 232.
NECK. (1) To come in the neck, to follow imme-
diately afterwards. Neck and crop, com-
pletely.
(2) The turning up, or jilait, of a cap, was for-
merly called its neck.
NECKABOUT. Any linen or garment about a

woman's neck. Sfieffield.
NECK-BAND. A gorget. Palsgrave.
NECK-BARROW. A shrine on which reUcs or

images were carried in processions.
NECK-BREAK. Complete ruin. Easl.

NEE

573

NEI

NECK-COLLAR. A gorget. Palsgrave.
NECKED. When the ears of corn are bent
down and broken off by wind, &c., the com
is said to be necked. Aor/A.
NECKING. A neck-handkerchief. East. Also

called a neclc-lye.
NECK-OF-THE-FOOT. The instep.
NECK-PIT. The bend at the back of the neck.

Neckepyt, Archa:ologia, xxx. 411.
NECK-ROPE. A wooden bow to come round
the neck of a bullock, and fastened above to a
small transverse beam, by wliich bullocks are
fastened with a cord.
NECK-TOWEL. A small towel used for wiping

delicate crockery, &c. Line.
NECKUM. The three draughts into which a
jug of beer is di\ided are called neckum,
sinhim, siimnkmn.
NECK-VERSE. The beginning of the 51st
psalm, read formerly by criminals claiming the
benefit of clergy.
And it behoves me to be secret, or else my nficke-verse

cun :
Well, now to pack my dead man hence it is bye tyme
I run. \Bt Part of Promos and Cassandra, iv. 4.
At this assizes fear not to appear ;
The judge will read thy neck-verse for thee here.
Cloberi/'s Diiine G/impses, 1659, p. 119.
NECK-M'EED. Hemp. Var. dial.
NED-CAKE. A rich girdle cake. North.
NEDDER. (1) .in adder. North. It occurs in
the Boke of Curtasye, p. 9. " Sei^pens, alle
maner nedris," Nominale JIS.
(2) Lower ; inferior. North.
NEDDY. A jackass, far. dial.
NEDE. (1) To force ; to compel. (J.-S.)
(2) We should probably read " ende" in the fol-
lowing passage ;

.\ rugged taile so a fende.
And an heved at tbenede.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 57.
NEDEFUL. Distressed ; indigent. (A.-S.)
NEDELLER. A maker of needles.
NEDELY. Necessarily. (J.-S.) Nedelingesh
also used in the same sense.

Sithe it nedelyngis shall be so.

MS. Harl. 2252, f. 97.

And thay went thurghe a dry cuntree, sandye and

withowttene water, and nedUjngez thame byhoved

wende armede, ther was so grete plentee of neddirs

and cruelle wylde bestes.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 27.
NEDINGE. Need ; trouble.
NEDIRCOP. A spider. Nominale MS.
NEE. Nigh. Wright's Seven Sages, p. 48.
NEED-FIRE. Ignition produced by rubbing

wood together. North.
NEEDIIAM'S-SHORE. An indigent situation.
This proverb is given by Ray. See Tusser,
ed. 1812, p. 284.
NEEDLE. (1) To nestle ; to lodge.

(2) A piece of wood put by the side of a post to
strengthen it. East.

(3) To hit the needle, to strike the centre of the
mark. A term in archery, often used meta-
phorically.

NEEDLE-HOUSE. A small case for needles.

" Acuare, a nedylhows," Nominale MS. xv.
Cent. It occtu's in Lvdgate.
NEEDLE-POINT. A sharper. A'eerffer, a keen

active man ; a niggard.
NEEDLE-WEED. "the plant shepherd's needle.
NEEDLE-WORK. The curious frame-work of
timber and plaster with wliichmany old bouses
are constructed.
NEEDMENTS. Necessaries.

Her wit a commonwealth containes
Of needments for her houshold store.

Deloney^s Strange Histories, 1607-

NEEDS. (1) Necessities. (2) Of necessity.

(3) Forsooth ; indeed. Somer.9et.

NEELE. A needle. Also neeld. It is an
archaism, and is still in use.

NEEN. The eyes. Yorh/i.

NEEP. Draught-tree of a waggon.

NEESE. To sneeze. North. This form of the
word occtu-s in Welde's Janua Linguarnni,
1615, Index in v. sfemuto.

NEEST. Nighest ; next. North.

NEET. Night. North.

NEEVEYE. Descendants.

NEEZLE. To nestle. Va>: dial. Bird's-nest-
ing is often called hirds'-neezing.

NEGH. Almost ; nearly. {A.-S.)

NEGHE. To near ; to approach. (^.-5.)
For night neghed and thai had nede,
Bot of herber might thainoght spede.

MS. Harl. 4196, f. 13-

NEGHEN. Nine. See Defatvtele.^.
NEGHST. Nighest ; nearest. Hampole.
NEGLECTION. Neglect. Gloue.
NEGLIGENT. Reckless. This stronger mean,
ing than is usually assigned to the word is
used by Shakespeare.
NEGON. Anigg.ard; a miser. Wrongly ex-
plained in Gl. Towneley Myst. p. 320.
Covaytice of wylle is os a bayt ;
A varyce is a nrgon haldyng stray t.

R. de Brunne, MS. Bou-es. p. (19.
And thus men schall teche odur by the.
Of mete and drynke no negtjn to bee.

MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38, f. IKI.
What seye 5e by these streyte negonx.
That se al day Goddes persones.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 4i>.
To ;ow therof am I no nigon.

Occteve, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 202.
NEGROES-HEADS. Brown loaves delivered

to the ships in ordinary.
NEIF. Fist, or hand. 'North.
Alle lyardes meune, I warne ;owe byfore,
Bete the cownte with 3our nt^es, whene je m.iy do

no more.
Thus endis lyarde, at the laste worde,
Vf a manne thynke mekille, kepe somewhate in horde.
MS. Lincnln A. i. 17, f. 149.

NEIGHBOUR. There is a game called " Neigh-
bour, I torment thee," played iu Staffordsliire,
" with two hands and two feet and a bob,
and a nod as I do."

NEIGHBOURING. Gossiping. Yorksk.

NEIL. Never.

Whos kyngdome ever scbalte laste and neil fyne.

Li/dgale, .M.S. Soc. Jntiq. 134. f. 2.

NEIST. Near ; next to. Devon.

NER

574

NET

N'EITHER-OF-BOTH. Neither. East.
NEIVEL. To give a blow with the neive or

fist. Cumb.
NEKED. Little or nothing. Gawayne.
NEKIST. Nearest; next. {A.-S.)
NELE. Evil; cowardly.
NELL-KNEED. Knock-kneed. North.
NELSON'S-BALLS. .\ globular confection,

in great esteem with bovs.
NEMBROT. Nimrod.

And over that thorow syBne it come,
That Kembrot suche emprise nom.

Couer, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. 37.

NEME. Uncle. " jYraje, neam, gossip, (Warw.),"
Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.

Ther undur sate a creature,

As brijt as any son-beme.

And angels did hj-m gret honoure,

1.0 ! childe, he seid, this is thy ueme.

MS. Ctintab. Ff. V. 48, f.69.
In evyll tyme thou dedyst hym wronge ;
He ysmy neme, y schall the honge.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 151.
NEMEL. Capable. Lydgate.
NEMELINE. To name ; to call.
NEJILY. Qiiicklv; sharply.
NEMPNE. To name ; to call. {.-l.-S.) Nempt,

Holinshed, Hist. England, i. 81.
NENE. Neither. {.^.-S.) It occurs in MS.

Cotton. Vespas. D. vii.
NENEEVEN. Temperance. See Batman uppon

Bartholome, 1582.
NENET. Wm not. {A.-S.)
NENTE. The ninth.

of this nente make we ende.
And begyne of the tende.

R. tleBrutme, MS. Bowe^, p. 11.

NEOPHYTE. A novice. (Gr.)

NEP. (1) A tnmip. North.

(2) The herb cat-mint. Palsgrave. Spelt
ntpt in MS. Lincoln, f. 292.

NEPHEW. Grandson ; descendant.

-VEPKIN. A nectarine. Somerset.

NEPPERED. Cross; peevish. Yorish.

NER. Never. (A.-S.)

.As I stod on a day, me self under a Ire,
I met in a morveninge a may, in a medwe ;
A semilier to min sithe saw I »er non.
Of a blak hornet al wos hir wede,
Purfiled with pellour doun to the teon.

MS. .Iruntlel. Coll. Arm. 27, f. 130.

NERANE. A spider. Nominale MS.
NERE. (1) Nigher; nearer. (A.-.^.)

(2) For )te were, were not. {A.-S.)

(3) The ear. MS. Cott. Yesp. D. vii.
NERFE. Nerve; sinew. {A.-N.)
XERLED. Badly treated. North.
NERV.A.LLE. The following receipt is from an

early ilS. in my possession —

For to make 3 noyntement callyd nervalle ; it is
gode for senowys. Take wylde sage, araerose,
caraemylle, betayne, sage, mynte, heyhove, hore-
hownde, red-neltylle, lorei-levys, walworte, ofeche
halfea quartone ; and than wesche them, and stampe
them with a Ii. of May buttur, and than put to a
quarton of oyle olyf, and medylle them well to-
gether, and than put it in a erthyn pott, and cover
It welle, ai^d than sett it in a moyste place ix. dayys.

and than take and fry hit welle, and store it welle
for bomj-ng to the botcme ; and than take and
streyne it into a vesselle, and when it ys streynyd,
set the lekur on the fyur ayene ; and than put thtrto
halfe a quarton wex, and a quarton of wedursse
talow that is fayer moltyn, and a quarton franken-
sens, and than store :t welle together tylie it be welle
medelyd ; and than take it downe, and streyne it,
and let it kele ; and than take and kut it thyn, and
let owt the watur therof, and dense it clene on the
other syde, and than set it over the fyur ayenne tyl
it be moltyn, and than with a feyr skome it clene,
and than put it in tx)xus, and this ys kyndle made
nei-vaUe.

NESCOCK. An unfledged bird. North. Figu-
ratively applied to youth. " A nesslecock, or
youth o' th' towne," Bride, 1040, sig. A. iv.

NESEN. Nests. Siiffoli.

NESETHRULLUS. Nostrils. This form oc-
curs in the Nominale MS. " Narits, a nest-
thyrylle," MS. ibid.

NESH. (1) Tender; soft; delicate; weak;
poor-spuited. North.

Take the rute of horsehelme, and sethe it lange
in water, and thanne tak the neicheate therof, aJld
stamp it with aide gres. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 293-

(2) Hungry. Suffolk.

NESHIN.' To make tender. Chesh.

NESP. To peck ; to bite. Line.

NESPITE. The herb calamint.

NESS. A promontory of land. (A.-S.)

NESSE. Soft. Here used for good fortune.
In nes.se, in hard, y pray the nowe.
In al stedes thou him avowe.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 110.

NESSES. Nests. West. Another form, nesits,

is common everywhere.
NESSLE. To trifle. Smsex.
NESSLETRIPE. The youngest or most weakly

of a brood or htter. fOs/. Also called a

iiestle-draft, and nestling.
NEST. (1) the socket of the eye.

(2) A quantity or collection of articles together.
" A nest of shelves" is in common use. " -\
bowle for wine, if not an whole neast," Har-
rison's England, p. 189. Mr. Dyce tells us
that a nest of goblets is a large goblet contain-
ing many smaller ones of gradually diminishing
sizes, which fit into each other, and fill it up.

NESTARME. An intestine.

NEST-EGG. An egg left in the nest to induce

the hen or other bird to lay more in the same.

Var. dial. Metaphorically a fund laid up

against adversity.
NESTLE. To fidget about. North.
NET. To wash clothes. Yorksh.
NETHEBOUR. A neighbour.
NETHELESSE. Nevertheless. {A.-S.)
NETHER. (1) An adder. (2) Lower. {A.-S.)

(3) To starve with cold. North.
NETHERSTOCKS. Stockings. It is the

translation of itn ba.t de chau.^ses]n Hollyband's
Dictionarie, 1593. Kennett calls them, "boots,
buskins." JIS. Lansd. 1033.
NETT. Eat not. {.-J.-S.)

His lif him thoughte al to long,
Thre dales after he nett ne drong.

Beces of Hamtoun, p. C5.

NEW

575

NIC

GETTING. Urine. North.
NETTLED. Out of temper; provoked. An
ill-tempered person was said to have [watered]
on a nettle.
KETTLE-HOUSE. A jakes. North.
NETTLE-SPRINGE. The nettle-rash. East.
N'ETT-UP. Exhausted with cold. Sussex.
NEl'F. -A. hlaze. Devon.
NEULTIES. No%'elties; dainties. Oxon.
N'EU.ME. Modulation of the voice in singing.

Nominale MS.
NEVE. A nephew. Also, a spendthrift,

corresponding to the Latin terms.
NEVEDE. Had not. {A.-S.)
NEVELINGE. SniveUing. {A.-S.)
NEVENE. To name ; to speak. {A.-S.)
Not fullefele that men coude nevyne.

MS. Harl. 2252, f. II7.
The kyng callyd knyghtys fyve.
And bad them go belyve
And fjTide hym at hys play ;
No evytieworde to hym ye nent/n,
Butsey to hym wilh mylde stevj-n,
He wylle not sey yow nay !

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 73.
That the crowne in the wynters nyght
of .Adrian ne of the sterres seven.
To hir fayrenesse ne be not for to neven.

Lydgatf, 31S Ashnujle 39, f. 8.
NEVER-A-DELE. Not a bit.
NEVER.THE-L.VTTERE. Nevertheless.

Nefet-lhe-hittere whenne thei that were in the
castclle beseged saw that the segc was wiihedraw for
fere, and the Scottes host afferde, also thei came oute
of the castelle and lefte them opene &c.

JVarkiunrth's Chronicle, p. 2.

NEVER-THE-NERE. Never the nearer; to
no purpose ; uselessly.

NEVER-WHERE. Nowhere. {.4..S.)

NEVIN. A kind of rich fur.

NEVY. Nephew. Var. dial.

NEW-AND-NEW. Freshly; with renovated
beaiity or vigour ; again and again. It oc-
curs in Chaucer.

NEW-BEAR. A term applied to a cow that
has very lately calved. Line. Brockett
terms it neircal-cow.

NEWCASTLE-HOSPITALITY. Roasting a
friend to death. North.

NEW-COMES. Strangers newly arrived. See
Holinshed, Conq. Ireland, p. 55. The time
when any fruit comes in season is called a
vew-come.

NEW-CUT. A game at cards. It is mentioned
in an epigram in MS. Egerton 923 ; Taylor's
Motto, 1622, sig. D. iv. Jennings, p. 57,
mentions a game called new coat and jerkin.
Cast up the cardes, the tticl^es together put.
And leaving Ruffe, lets fall upon Sew Cut.

ilachivelle Dagge, 161".

NEWDICLE. A novelty. East.

NEWE. (1) Newly. All newe, ofnewe, newly,
lately, anew, afresh.

(2) Fretted. Holme, 1688.

(3) To renew. It occurs in MS. Cotton. Vespas.
D. vii. {A.-S.)

Now me netveth al my wo.
Curtor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 124.

Then beganne hur sorowe to newg.

MS. Cantab. Ff li.38,f. 18«

NEWEFANGELNESSE. Inconstancy.
NEWEL. " A pillar of stone or wood, where

the steps terminate in a winding staircase,"

Kennett. MS. Lansd. 1033.
NEWELTIE. Novelty. Palsgrave.
N EWE YNGE. A new-year's gift.
NEWG.\TE. Nash, in his Pierce Penilesse,

says that Newgate is " a common name for al

prisons, as homo is a common name for a

man or a woman."
NEWING. Y'east; harm. Essex.
NEW-LAND. Land newly broken up and

ploughed. AVn/.
NEWSED. Reported; published. East.
NEWST-ONE. Much the same. South.
NEXING. Very near. Next kin is a very

common phrase in this sense, and ne,vt door

is also used.
NEXT-D.\Y. The day after to morrow. Sussex.
NEXTE. Nighest. ' Chaucer. Fairfax lias

nextly, nearest to. Bulk and Selvedge of the

Worid, 1674, dcd.
NEXT-WAYS. Directlv. Var. dial.
NEYDUR. Neither. Eglamour, 883.
NEYE. (1) To neigh.

He neyed and made grete sol.is
Wondurly yu that place.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii 38, f. HI.
(2) Near ; nigh. .

That birde bad on hir boke evere as he yede,
Was nou with hir but hir selve a-lon ;
With a cri gan sche ine sey,
Sche wold a-wrcnchin awey,
But for I was so neye.

MS. .4nind'l. CoH. .-I'-m. 27, f. 130.
NEYTENE. Sickness; disease.
NI. (1) A brood of pheasants. "A»!yof fey-
sands, covey of partridges," MS. Porking-

ton 10. Still in common use.
(2) An exclamation of amazement.
NIAISE. A simple witless gull. {Fr.) Forby

has nisy, Vocab. ii. 233.
NIAS. .\ young hawk. " Niard, a nias faul-

con," Cotgrave. See Ei/as.
NIB. (1) The handle of a scythe. Derb.

(2) To cut up into small fragments. Line.

(3) The shaft of a waggon. South.
NIBBLE. To fiilget the fingers about. "His

fingers began to nibble" Stanihurst, Dcscr.
Ireland, p. 26. " To nibble with the fingers,
as unmannerly holes do with their points
when they are spoken to," Baret, 1580.
NICE. (I) Foohsh ; stupid; dull; strange. It
occurs in Shakespeare.

The eld man seyd anon,
Ye be nice, everichon.

Arthour and M^'vlin, J). 73.
He toke the wyne, and laft the spice.
Then wist thei wel that he was tiin-e.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. .'i.i

(2) Clever ; fine ; good. North.

(3) Fastidious ; fantastic. Still in use.
NICED. A breast-cloth; a light wTapper for

the bosom, or neck.
NICELY. WeU in health. North.

NIC

5/6

NIG

NICET. Agreeable. Yorish.

NICETEE. Folly. (.^.-A'.)

NICH. To stir a fire slightly. iXort/t.

NICHIL. (1) To castrate. Yorksh.

(2) A person who pays nothing. West.

NICHOLAS. The patron saint of boys. In
boys' games, the cry of Nicholas entitles the
speaker to a temporary suspension of the
amusement. St. Nicholaii's clerks, a cant
term for thieves. " One of saint Nicholas
clerks, or an arrant theefe," Cotgrave, in v.
Compter. Grose has this phrase.

NICK. (1) Used in the proverbial expression
" to knock a nick in the post," i. e., to make
a record of any remarkable event. This is
eridently an ancient method of recording.
Similarly we have " cut your stick," in which
the reference is clearly to the ancient tallies ;
it is equivalent to " make your mark and pass
on." Hence also, " in the nick of time,"
i. e., just as the notch was being cut. In the
nick, exactly. North.

(2) To nick with nay, to deny, a very common
phrase in early English.

On her knees they kneleden aJoun,
And prayden hym offliys benysoun ;

He jiykkyd hem' with nay ;
Neythcr of cros ueyther ofTryng,
Hadde they non kyns wetyng.

And thanne a knyjt gan say.

Romance of Athetstone.

(3) To deceive ; to cheat. Var, dial.

(4) To cut vertical sections in a mine from the
roof. North.

(5) A wink. North. (Teut.)

(6) To win at dice. Grose. " To tye or nicke a
cast at dice," Florio, p. 280.

(7) To nick the nick, to hit exactly the critical
moment or time.

(8) A raised or indented bottom in a beer-can,
formerly a great grievance with the con-
sumer. A similar contrivance in a wine-bot-
tle is called the kick. Grose has neck-
stamper, the boys who collect the pots be-
longing to an ale-bouse sent out with beer to
private houses.

There was a tapster, that with his pots smal-
nesse, and with frothing of his drinke, had got a
good suinme of money together. This nicking of
the pots he would never leave, yet divers times he
had been under the hand of authority, but what
money soever hee had [to pay] for his abuses, hee
would be sure (as they all doe) to get it out of the
poore mans pot againe.

Life of Robin GoodfcUow, 1628.
From the nick and froth of a penny pot-house,
From the fidle and cross, and a great Scotch-louse,
From committees that chop up a man like a mouse.
Fletcher's Poems, p. 133.
Our pots were full quarted,
We were not thus thwarted
With froth-canne and nick-pot.
And such nimble quick shot.

Eli/nour Rumniynge, ed. 1C24.

(9) To catch in the act. Var. dial.
NICKER. (1) To neigh. North.

(2) A httle Ijall of clay or earth baked hard and
oiled over for boys to play at nickers.

NICKER-PECKER. A woodpecker. North.

NICKET. A small short faggot. West.

NICKIN. A soft simple fellow.

NICKING. Convenient. Somerset.

NICKLE. To move hastily along in an awk-
ward manner. West.

NICKLED. Beaten down and entangled, as
grass bv the wind. East.

NICK-NINNY. A simpleton. South.

NICKOPIT. A bog ; a quagmire. Kent.

NICK-STICK. A "tally, or stick notched for
reckoning. North.

NICKY. A faggot of wood. West.

NICOTIUM. Tobacco.

NIDDE. To compel. (J.-S.)

NIDDERED. Cold and hungry. North.

NIDDICK. The nape of the neck. West.

NIDDICOCK. A fooUsh feUow. Polwhele has
nicky-cox as a Devonshire word. " They were
never such fond niddicockes," Holinshed,
Conq. Ireland, p. 94.

NIDDY. A fool. Devon.

NIDDY-NODDY. A child's game.

NIDERLING. A mean inhospitable fellow.
This word is not in frequent use, but may be
heard occasionally. Line.

NIDES. Needs ; necessarily.

Thus athe sche fuUyche overcome
My ydelnys tylle y sterve.
So that y mote nydea serve.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 4.

NIDGERIES. Trifles. Skinner.

NIDGET. (1) To assist a woman in her labour
or travail. East.

(2) Part of a plough. Kent.

(3) A fool. " Niffand, a fop, nidget, ideot, a
doult, lobcocke," Cotgrave.

NIDING. A coward; a wretch. {.4..S.)

NIE. Nigh ; near. (J.-S.)

NIECE. A relative in general, not confined to

our meaning. Shak.
NIEGHEND. The ninth. Hampole.
NIF. If. Somerset.

NIFF. To quan-el ; to be offended. West.
NIFFLE. (1) A spur for a horse. East.

(2) To steal ; to pilfer. Nm-th.

(3) To whine ; to siiiflle. Suffolk. It occurs in
Reliq. Antiq. ii. 211.

(4) To eat hastilv. Beds.

NIFF.NAFFS. Trifles; knick-knacks. Niffy-
naffy, a trifling fellow. North.

NIFLE. A trifle. " I weigh them not a nifle,"
Optick Glasse of Humors, 1639, p. 161.
" Nyfles in a bagge, de tout nifles," Pals-
grave. " Trash, rags, nifles, trifles," Cotgrave.

NIFLES. Glandules. Yorksh.

NIG. To clip money. Grose.

NIGARDIE. Stinginess. (.^.-A^.)

NIGG. A small piece. Essex.

MGGED-ASHLAR. Stone hewn with a pointed
hammer. 0.rf. Gloss. Arch.

NIGGER. A fire-dog. North.

NIGGLE. (1) Futuo. Dekker, 1616.

(2) To deceive ; to draw out surreptitiously ; to
steal. Still in use.

NIG

57;

(3) To play with ; to trifle. Hence, to walk
mincingly. A'or//i.

(4) To eke out with extreme care. East.
(5") To complain of trifles from ill temper.

Dorset.
(6) To nibble j to eat or do anything mincingly.

ft'est.
NIGGLING. Contemptible; mean. West.
NIGHE. To approach. See Neghe.
Thebata>Ie lasted wondur longe.
They seyde, Be Burlonde never so stroDge,

He hath fonde hys pere.
Wyth swerdys scharpe thefaght faste.
At ylke stroke the fyre owt raste,
They nyghed wondur uere.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 81.
NIGHEST-ABOUT. The nearest way. North
NIGH-HAND. Probably. Leic.
NIGHT-B.\T. A ghost.' North.
NIGHT-COIRTSHIP. This custom, which
appears to be now falling into disuse, is thus
described in a note to Anderson's Ballads :—

A Cumbrian peasant pays his addresses to his
sweetheart during the silence and solemnity of mid-
night, when ciery bosom is at rest, except that of
love and sorrow. Anticipating her kindness, he
will tra\ el ten or twelve miles over hills, bogs, moors,
and mosses, undiscouraged by the length of the
road, the darkness of the night, or the interopera-
ture of the weather; on reaching her habitation, he
gives a gentle tap at the window of her chamber,
at which signal she immediately rises, dresses her-
self, and proceeds with all possible silence to the
door, which she gently opens, lest a creaking hinge
or a barking dog shouhl awaken the family. On
his entrance into the kitchen, the luxuries of a
Cumbrian cottage- cream and sugared curds— are
placed before him by the fair hand of his Dnicinea ,■
next, the courtship commences, previously to which,
the fire is darkened or extinguished, lest its light
should guide to the window some idle or licentious
eye ; in this dark and uncomfortable situation (at
least uncomfortable to all but lovers), they remain
till the advance of day, depositing in each other's
bosoms the secrets of love, and making vows of
unalterable afifection.

NIGHT-CROW. A well-known bird, otherwise
called the night-jar. " Nicticoraa-, a nyght-
craw," Norainale MS. Palsgnave translates
it bv cresserelle.

NIGHTERTALE. Night-time. {A.-S.)

His men coom bi vpyurtaje.
With hem awey his body stale.

Cursor 3Iu>,<t,, .V.S. Coll. Tnii. Cantab, f. 49.
By np-^tertale he was slayne be kynge Darie.

Occleve, MS. Sue. Antiq. J34, f. 2T>

NIGHTGALE. The nightingale.

Wythalkynegladchipe thay giaddenethemeselvene.
Of the nyghtgale notrz the nolsez was swetle.

M'rrle Arthure, MS. Uncnin, f. 63.
NIGHT-KERT-CHEF. A lady's neck handker-
chief. It is the translation of coUerette in
HoUvband's Dictionarie, 159.3
NIGHT-MAGISTRATE. A constable.
NIGHT-M.\RE. The charm for the night-mare
mentioned in the following curious passage is
quoted in Beaumont and Fletcher, and other
early writers :

If this disease chancing often to a man, be not
II.

NIM

tured in time, it may perhaps grow to a worse mii-
chiefe, as to the faling evil, madnesse, 01 apopelexy.
But I could never learue that horses were subject to
this disease, neither by relation, nor yet by reading,
but only iu an old English writer, who sheweth
neither cause nor signes how to know when a horsse
hath It. but onely teacheth how to cure it with a
lond foolish charme, which because It may perhaps
make you, gentle reader, to laugh, as wel as it did
me, for recreation sake I wUl hcere rehearse it.
I ake a flint stone that hath a hole of his owne
kinde, and hang it over him, and write in a bill
In nomine Patris. &c. '

Saint George our Ladies knight.
He walked day, so did he night,
Untill he her found.
He her beate, and he her bound.
Till truely her troath she him plight.
That she would not come within the night,
"There as saint George our Ladies knight.
Named was three times, saint George.
And hang this scripture over him, and let him alone •
with such proper charmes as this is, the false friers
in times past were wont to charme the mnnv out of
_ plaine folks purses. TupselCs Beasts, UIO?; p. 353.

MGHT-RAIL. A sort of vail or covering for
the bead, often worn bv women at nieht. See
Middleton's M'orks, i. 16-4. Mr. Dvce ab-
surdly explains it night-gowu, which makes
nonsense in the passage referred to. Howell
has, " a njght-rail for a woman, toca de mnqer
de nochez.^'
NICHT.RAVEN. The bittern. -'Niticora^. a

nyte-rawyn," Nomiiiale MS.
NIGHT-SHADE. A prostitute.
NIGHT-SNAP. A night-robber.
NIGHT-SNEAKERS. " Wanton or efi-eminate
^ lads, night-sneakers," Florio, p. lOo.
NIGHT-SPELL. A speU or charm against the

night-mare.
NIGHTWARD. The night-watch
NIGHTY. Dark. Oxon.
NIGIT. A coward ; a dastard.

This cleane nigit was a foole,
Shapt inmeancof all.

Mrni>rTiv-rv,^ . Anim-s Nat of Kinnies, 1608.

NIGMENOG. A very sillv fellow

NIGROST. Negroes. Hall

NIGRUM. Dark; black. {Lat.)

NIKIR. A sea monster. {A.-S.)

NIKLE. An icicle. Pr. Parv. p. 259.

NILE. The upper portion of a thresher s flail

oalop.
NILE. (1) A nail. Somerset.

Thorow my lyfte honde a nyl was dryve '
Thenke thou tlieion, yf thou wolte lyve!

lo\^.v■n .. , . ... •»«• Con'st. Ff. ii. 38, f. 6.

(2) Wd not. (A.-S.) mil he nill he, whether
he will or not. Hence, to he unwiUing.

A'y/'ing to dwell where syn is wrought?

^ibrtmle's Theat. Chem.BHl IKi.x, m

(3) A needle. Still in use.
NIM. (I) To take. Also, to steak Hence the

character Coi-poral Nym.

A>m, he seyde, this theof

Faste in alle wyse,
And wyn of him the tresour.
And make him do sacrifyse.

Us. Trin. Colt. Oton «?

37

NIP

578

NO

Then boldly blow the prize thereat.
Your play for to nime or ye come in.

Thfi Booke of Htiuting,'l5&S.

(2) To walk with short quick steps. North.

(3) To take heed ; to take care.
NIMBER. Active.

The boy beinge but a xj. yera old juste at the death
of his father, yet having reasonable wit and discre-
tion, and being nymbir sprited and apte to anythinge.
MS. Ashmol. 208.

NIMGIMMER. A surgeon.

NIMIETY. Satiety. (Lat.)

NIMIL. Large ; capacious.

NIMMEL. Nimble. North. " Lyght and
nvmel," Morte d' Arthur, i. 285.

NIN. (1) None. North.

(2) A child's term for liquor. " The word that
children call their driuKp by, as oiu" cliildren
say 7ii7ine or bibhe," Rorio, p. 64.

NINCUMPOOP. A person nine times worse
than a fool. See Grose.

NIND. Needs must. Line.

NINE-EYED. A terra of reproach.

NINE-EYES. A kind of small eel.

NINE-HOLES. A game ditftrently described by
various %vriters. According to Forby, nine
round holes are made in the ground, and a ball
aimed at them from a certain distance ; or the
holes are made in a board with a nimiber over
each, through one of which the ball is to pass.
Nares thinks it is the same game with nine-
men's morris, called in some places ninepennij-
marl.

NINE-MURDER. A kind of hawk. See Florio,
p. 205. Cotgrave apparently mentions two
birds so called, in v. Escriere, Soucie.

NINE-IIUSES. An old dance, mentioned inMS.
Rawl. Poet. 108.

NINE-PINS. A game somewhat similar to
skittles. It is mentioned by Florio, ed. 1611,
p. 15, and is still in use.

NINETED. Wicked ; perverse. South.

NINETING. A severe beating. Jfest.

NINGLE. A contracted form of mine ingle,
common in old plays.

NINNY-NONNY. Uncertain. Line.

NINNY'VERS. The white water-Uly.

NINNYWATCH. A vain hope ; a siUy or fool-
ish expectation. Devon.

NINT. To beat ; to anoint. I'ar. dial.

NIP. (1) \ satirical taunt. Also a verb, to
taunt satirically. " S'entrepicquer, to pricke,
nip, taunt, quip, cut, each other," Cotgrave.
" A dry-bob, jeast, or nip," ibid.

(2) A thief. An old cant term. " To nyp a
bong," to cut a purse. Barman's Caveat, 1567.

(3> Cut. Robin Hood, i. 100.

(4) To snatch up hastily. Yorish.

(5) .A. short steep ascent. North. Occasionally,
a hUl or mountain.

(6) To pinch closely. Hence appUed to a parsi-
monious person. Var. dial.

(7) .4 turnip. Suffolk.

MP-CHEESE. .\ miserly person, far. dial.
Sometimes called a nip-squeeze, or a nip-
farthing.

NIP-NOSE. A phrase applied to a person

whose nose is bitten by frost.
NIPPER. A cut-purse. Dekker. Also termed

a nipping-Christian.
NIPPERK.IN. A small measure of beer.
NIPPET. A small quantity. Essex.
NIPPITATO. Strong Uquor, chiefly applied to

ale. A cant term.
NIPPLE. " A httle cocke, end, or nipple

perced, or that hath an hole after the maner

of a breast, which is put at the end of the

chanels of afountaine, wherthrough the water

runneth forth," Baret, 1580.
NIPPY. (1) Hungry. Dorset.
(2) A child's term for the penis.
NIPTE. A niece ; a grand-daughter.
NIRE. Nigher ; nearer. West.
NIRRUP. A donkey. Dorset.
NIRT. Cut ; hurt. ' Gaxrayne.
NIRVIL. A diminutive person.
NIS. Is not. {.4.-S.)
NISGAL. The smallest of a brood or Ulter.

Salop.
NISOT. A lazy jade. Skelton.
NISSE. Navy; ships. Heartie.
NIST. (1) Nigh; near. Somerset.
(2) Nice ; pleasant ; agreeable. Line.
NISTE. Knew not. (J.-S.)

And hou Fortiger him wold have nome,
Ac he nisi where he was bicome.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 72
That was eclipcid fcr oute of my syjte.
That for derkenesse y nisle what to done.

Lydgale, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. «
NIT. Not yet. West.
NITAMOST. Nothing hke it. South.
NITCH. (1) Neat. Dorset.

(2) A small bundle. Var. dial.

(3) Got a nitch, i. e. tipsy.
NITHE. ^Yickedness.

But in pride and tricchery.
In n!.che and onde and lecchery.
Cursor .Wundi, MS. Odl. Trin. Cantab, f. I3«.

NITHER. A grimace. Wore.

NITHING. A wicked man. Ngthying, XnAelty,
p. 16. .\lso, sparing, parsimonious, wicked,
mean.

NITLE. Neat ; handsome. Var. dial.

NITOUR. Brightness.

Theamber that is in common use groweth touch,
rude, impolished, and without clearenesse, but
after that it is sod in the greace of a sow that giveth
sucke, it getteth that tiitottr and shining beauty,
which we find to be in It. Topsell's Beasts, 1607, P- *W1.

NITTICAL. Nitty; lousy. Nitty is not an

uncommon word.
NITTLE. " A childish word for little," Urrv's

MS. Adds, to Ray.
NIX. (1) Nothing.' A cant tenn.
(2) To impose upon. See .\ici.
NO. (1) Often used ironically by our early dra-
matists to express excess, e. g. Here's no
rascal, implring a very great rascal.
(2) Nor ; not. Still in use.

Tho were thai wounded so strong.
That thai no might doure long.

Artfiour and Merlin, p. 359,

NOD

579

NOG

The rfffe in the rithl side was first wryte, and
yit he tokeneth nothinge. no the sccunde, no the
thridde, but thei rnaken that figure of 1 the more
signyficatyf that comith alter hem.

Rara Mathematical p. 29.
NO.-iH'S-.\RKS. Clouds in the forms of arks,

indicating rain. Suffolk.
NOB. (I) To beat ; to strike. North.

(2) The head. Var. dial. Hence, a person in
a superior station of life.

(3) .\ Toung colt. Heref.
NOBBLE. (1) To beat ; to rub. North.
(2) X lump of anything. East.
.NOBBLE-TREE.' The head. Suffolk.
NOBBLY. Round, as pebbles, &c. Var. dial.
NOBBY. (1) A fool. Ea.'il.
(2) Fine ; fashionable. Var. dial.
NOBBY-COLT. A young colt. Clouc.
NOBILE. Grandeur ; magnificence.

Sothlj by Arthurjs day
Was Bretayne yn grete nnbj/le.
For yn hys tyine a grete whyle
He sojourned at Carljle.

3IS. Rawlinson C. 86.
NOBILL.\RY. Nobleness; nobUitv.
NOBLE. (1) The navel. East.
(2) A gold coin worth 6s. Sd.
NOBLESSE. Dignity; splendour. (J..\.)
Nobley has the same meanings.

of what richesse, of what nobley,
These bokis telle, and thus they say.

Gower, US. Soc. Antiq. 1 j), f. 197.
And so they mett betwixt both hostes, where
was right kynde and lovynge langwage betwixt them
twoo, with parfite accord knyt togelhars for evar
here aflar, with as hartyly iovynge chere and coun-
tenaunce, as might be betwix two bretheme of so
grete nobley and astate.

Arrival of King Edward IV. p. 11.
nicone be worscheped in hys degre
With grete nobelay and seere honowres.

Humpole, MS. Bowes, p. 222.
NOBSON. A blow ; a stroke. North.
NOB-THATCHER. A peruke-maker.
NO-BUT. Onlv ; except. North.
NOCENT. A wicked man. {Lat.)

An innocent with a noc^nt, a man ungylty with
2 gy'ty, was pondered in an egall balaunce.

Will, 1548, Hen. IV. f. 14.
NOCK. (1) A notch, generally applied to the
notch of an arrow or a bow. It is the trans-
lation of coche in HoUyband's Dictionarie,
1593. To nock, to set the arrow on the string.
See Dray-ton's Poems, p. 80. Beyond the
nock, out of reason.

(2) To tip or finish off an article with some-
thing of a diifeient material.

(3) The posteriors. More usually called nock-
andro. Cotgrave has, " Cut, tayle, nockandroe,
fundament." (4) Florio, " Cunno, a womans
nocke ; cunnuta, a woman well nocked."

NOCKLE. A beetle, or mallet. Nor/.

NOCKY-BOY. A dull simple feUow.

NOD. He's gone to the land of Nod, i. e. he's

gone to bed.
NODCOCK. A simpleton. Somerset.
NODDY. (1) A fool, ilinsheu.
(2) An old game at cards, conjectured to be the

same as cribbage. It appears from the
Complete Gamester, 1682, p. "6, that Knave
Noddy was the designation of the knave of
trumps in playing that game. The game is
by no means obsolete. Carr mentions noddy-
ffleen in his Craven Gl. Noddy is now-
played as follows : ./Vny number can play —
the cards are all dealt out— the elder hand
plays one, (of which he hath a pair or uprial
if a good player)— saying or singing " there's
a good card for thee," passing it to his right
hand neighbour — the person next in succes-
sion who holds its pair covers it, saying
" there's a still better than he ;" and passes
both onward — the person holding the third
of the sort (ace, six, queen, or what not) puts
it on with " there's the best of all three :"
and the holder of the fourth crowns all \vith
theemphatic — '-.ind there is Niddy-Noddeee."
— He wins the tack, turns it down, and begins
again. He who is first ottt receives from his
adversaries a fish (or a bean, as the case may
be) for each unplayed card. This game is
mentioned in Arch, v-iii. 149 ; Taylor's Motto
1622, sie.D. iv.
NODDY-HE.iDED. Tipsy. Oxon.
NODDY-POLL. A simpleton. Noddy.pateia
also used, and Florio, p. 214, has noddy-peake.
" Benet, a simple, plaine, doltisli fellow, a
noddipeake, a ninnyhammer, a pea-goose, a
cose, a sUlie companion," Cotgrave.
XODILE. The noddle or head. " Occiput, a

nodyle," Nominale MS.
NODOCK. The nape of the neck. "His
forehead very plaine, and his nodocke flat,"
Triall of M'its, 1604, p. 25.
NOE. To know. Nominale MS.
I noe none that is with me.
Never jit sent after the ;
Never seih that my reyne begane,
Fond I never none so herdy mane.
That hyder durst to us wend,
Bot iff I wold after hym send.

MS. Ashmole 61, xv. Cent.
NO-FAR. Near; not far. North.
NOG. (1) K sort of strong ale.

(2) To jog ; to move on. North.

(3) A square piece of wood supporting the roof
of a mine. Derb.

NOGGED. Strong Umbed. North.
NOGGEN. Made of nogs, or hemp. Hence,

thick, clumsv, rough. West.
NOGGERHEAD. A blockhead. Dorset.
NOGGIN. ".\ mug or pot of earth with a

large belly and narrower mouth ; in Cheshire,

a wooden kit or piggin is caUed a noggin,"

Kennet, MS. Lansd. 1033.
NOGGING. The fiUing up of the interstices

in a building composed partly of wood.
NOGGLE. To walk awkwardly. North. Hence

noggler, a bungling person. '
NOGGS. The handle of a scythe. Chesh.
NOGGY. Tipsy ; intoxicated. North.
NO-GO. Impracticable. Far. dial.
NOGS. (1) Hemp. Salop.
(2) The shank bones. Yorksh. '

NO.M

580

IVOO

NO-HOW. Not at all. East.

NOHT. Nought; nothing. {A.-S.)

NOIE. To hurt ; to trouble. Also a substantive.

Palsgrave has noieing, a nuisance.
NOILS. Coarse locks of wool. I'.ast. By a

statute of James I. no one was permitted to

put noyles into woollen cloth.
NOINT. To beat severely. I'ar. dial.
NOISE. (1) To make a iwise at one, to scold.

To noise one, to report or tell tales of. Koise

in tfte head, a scolding.

(2) A. company of musicians. " Those terrible
noyses, with thredl)are cloakes," Dekker's
Beluian of London, 1608.

(3) Tumult ; dispiite. ll'eier.

(4) To make a noise. {.l.-N.)
NOISFLODE. Cataclismus, Nominale MS.
NOK. A notch in a bow.

NOKE. (1) A nook, or corner.

He coverde the chiKie with his mantille ttoke.
And over the water the way he tuke.

MS, Lincoln A. i. 17. f- 125.

(2) An oak. Nominale .MS.

Ther may no man sloiide hys stroke,
Thogh he were as stronge as an nwA-e.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. IM.

NOKES. A ninny ; a simpleton.
NOKETT. A nook of ground. U'anr.
NOLDE. Would not. (J.-S.)

Andno/decalle hirselfe none othername
But Goddis handmayde in fulle lowe maner.

Ludgale, 31S. Soc. .4nli^. 134, f. 2.
Forsothe harme twldhe do nonne,
Bot he wold do meche gode.

Citron, Vilodun. Tp.5.
NOLE. A head. It is sometimes applied to a

simpleton, as in Mirr. Mag. p. 222.
NOLT. Black cattle. North.
NO-MATTERS. Not well. Suffolk.
NOMBRE. Nuiaber. {.4.-.\.)
NOME. (1) Took; held. (-•/.-S.)
Ete ne drynke wold he never.
But wepyng and sorowyng evir :
Syres, tare sorow hath he nome.
He wold hys endyng day wet come.
That he myght ought of lif goo

MS. RaulinsonC.Se.
Aftur thys the day was nomyn.
That thebatelle on schulde comyn.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 93.
Thow ert name thef y-wis !
Whar stele thow stede Trenchesis,
That thow ridest upon here ?

B-t'isof Hamtoun, p. 73.
And grethur credence to hym he there 7iu"ie
Then he dudde ony tyme therby fore.

Chron. Viludun. p. 71-

(2) Numb. Somerset.

(3) A name. Nominale MS.

Her jongest brother the! lefteat home,
Benjamin was his iiome.

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 30.
NOMELICHE. Namely. {A.-S.)
NOMINE. A long speech. North.
NOM.MER. To number. (.:^.-A'.)

For I do the wele to wiete thou myghte nerehani
alsonne nommer the sternes of hevene, as the folkc
of the empire of Perse. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 7.
NOMPERE. An arbitrator. Chaucer.

And nempned hym for a nounpere.
That no debat here. Piers Ploughman, p. 97
NOMPION. One who is possessed of more
knowledge than the common people. Lane.
NON. Not one ; none ; not.
NONATION. M'ild; incoherent. JJ'est.
NONCE. Purpose; intent; design; occasion.
This word is not yet entirely obsolete. It is
derived, as Price observes, from the A.-S.
Jhr than anen.

1 have a slyng for the nones, ■

That is made for gret stonys.

MS. Cantnb. Ff. T. 48. f. 50.
For the nonest, I forbare to allege the learneder
sort, lest the unlearned should say they couid no
skill on such books, nor knew not whether they
were truly brought in. Ptlkington's Works, p. G44.
But ;if thowe wolde alle my steryne siroye fore
the nitnys. Morte Arthure, MS. Li>icoln, f. 73.

NONE. (1) No time. West.

(2) Not at all. Var. dial.

(3) The hour of two or three in the afternoon.

NONE.\RE. Now ; just now. A or/.

NONE-OR-BOTII. Neither. Essex.

NONE-SO-PRETTY. London-pride. East.

NONE-SL'CH. Black nonsuch is trefoil-seed,
and white non-such is rye-grass-seed. Norf.

NONINO. A burden to a ballad. Shakespeare
has it, hei/, nonny, nonny. The term nonny-
nonny was applied to the female pudendum,
and hence many iudeUcate allusions. " Nony-
nonv or pallace of pleasure," Florio, p. 194.

NONKYNS. No kind of. (J.-S.)
The lady lay in hir bede and slepe ;
Of tresone tuke sche nonkims kepe,
For therof wyste schennghte.

Ms. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 119.

NONNE. A nun. (A.-S.)

NONNOCK. To trifle; to idle away the time.
No7mocks, whims. East. Some use nonny
in the same sense.

NON-PLUNGE. Nonplus. Nonpower is also
used. Var. dial.

NONSICAL. Nonsensical. TTest.

NONSK.\ITH. A wishing, or longing. Cumb.

NONUNIA. A quick time in music, containing
nine crotchets between the bars.

NOODLE. A blockhead. Var. dial.

NOOK. The quarter of a yard-land, which
varies according to the place from 15 to 40
acres. See Carlisle's Account of Charities, p.
298. Still in use.

NOOKED-END. The very farthest extremity
of a corner, far. dial.

NOOK-SHOTTEN. Having or possessing nooks
and corners. Pegge says, " spoken of a wall
in a bevil, and not at right-angles with another
wall." The term is still in use, 'and meta-
phorically means disappointed, mistaken.

NOOLED.' Curbed ; broken spirited. North.

NOON. None. {A.-S.)

NOONING. A repast taken by harvest-labourers
about noon. I'ar. dial. Pegge has noon-
scape, the time when labourers rest after
dinner. Nooininyscanp, Hallamsh. Gl. p. 156.

NOONSHUN. A luncheon. Broww.

NOS

581

NOT

NOONSTEAD. The period of noou.
NOORY. A voung bov. (/>.)
NOOZLE. To nestle.' Somerset.
NOPE. A bullfinch. Var. dial.
NOR. Than. Yen,- common.
NORATION. Rum'oiir; speech, far. dial.
NORCHE. To nourish. Cov. Myst. p. 208.
NORFOLK-CAPON. A red-luTring.
NORFOLK-DUMPLING. A small globular
puddiug, made merely with dough and yeast,
and boiled for twenty minutes, accordmg to
the approved receipt of that county.

Well, nothing was undone that might be done
to make Jemy Camber a tall, little, blender man,
when yet he lookt like a Kor/olke dumpling, thicke
and short. Armin'i Neat of Nmniei, 1608.

NORGANE. Norwegian.
NORI. A foster-child. (^.-A^.)
F -r mi lordes doubter sche is,

Andichhis noriforsolheywis, Gyo/WarwiAc, p. 7.
Fyeon thee, feature, fie on thee I
The deriUes owinenurrye. Chester Plat/a, ii. 162.
NORICE. A nurse. (/J..^\) " Nu/rix,

norysche," Nominale MS.
NORIE. To nourish. Gesta Rom. p. 215.
NORlSTRi". A nursery.
NORLOGE. A clock. Nominale MS.
NORN. Neither; nothing. Jl'est.
NORRA-ONE. Never-a-one. Devon.
NORREL-WARE. A bit-maker, or lorimer.
NORRID. Northward. Var. dial.
NORSTHING. Nourishment.
NORSTHYD. Nourished ; taught ; educated.
NORT. Nothing. Somerset.
NORTELRIE. Nurture ; education.
NORTH. The following proverb is given by
Aubrey in his MS. Collections for Wiltshire
iu the Ashmolean Museum.

" The J\'orih for largeness.
The East for health!
The South for buildings.
The West for wealth."
NORTHERING. Wild; incoherent. TTesf.
A silly person is called a northern, and some
of our old dramatists use the latter word in
the sense of clownish, or silly.
NORTH-EYE. To sqidnt. Snffolk.
NORTHUMBERLAND. Lord Northumber-

land's arms, i. e. a black eye.
NORWAIS. Norwegians. Heame.
NORWAY. A whetstone. Devon.
NORWAY-NECKCLOTH. A piUory.
NOSE. (1) To pay through the nose, to give an
extravagant credit price. Nose of u-aj; a
proverbial phrase for anrthing very pUable.
To follow one's fiose, to go straightforward.
To measure noses, to meet. To hare one's
nose on the grindstone, to be depressed. Js
plain as the nose on one's face, quite evident.
Led by the nose, governed. To put one's nose
out of joint, to rival one in the favour of
another. To mate abridge of any one's nose,
to pass by him in drinking. He cut off his
nose to be revenged of his face, he has re-
venged his neighbour at the expenscof injuring
bi ni » f l f . 7'o nuiie a person's nose swell, to

make him jealous of a rival. To play v.ith a
person's nose, to ridicule him.

(2) To smell. Var. dial. Hence, metaphori-
cally, to pry into anything.

(3) A neck of land. South.

(4) To be tyTannical. Oxon.
NOSE-B.AG. A bag of provender fastened to a

horse's head.
NOSEBLEDE. The plant milfoil. Millifolium,

MS. Sloane5, f. 6.
NOSE-FLY. A small fly very troublesome to

the noses of horses.
NOSEt.ENT. A nun. An old cant term, given

in Brit. Bibl. ii. 521.
NOSE-GIG. A toe-piece to a shoe. JVest.
NOSELING. On the nose. " Felle doune
_ noselynge," Morte d'Arthur, ii. 286.
NO-SEXSE. A phrase implying worthlessness

or impropriefv. JT'est.
NOSETHIRLES. The nostrils. {.4.-8.) Spelt

neyse-thrilles in Reliq. Antiq. i. 54.
NOSIL. (1) To encourage or embolden an animal

to fight ; to set on.
(2) To grub in the earth.
NOSING. The exterior projecting edge of the

tread of a stair.
NOSLE. The handle of a cup, &c. The nosle
of a candlestick is that part which holds the
end of a candle.
NOSSEN. Noise ; rumour ; report.
NOSSET. (1) A dainty dish. Somerset.
(2) To carouse secretly. Devon.
NOST. Knowest not.' (J.-S.)
NOST-COCKLE. The last hatched bird ; the

youngest of a brood.
NOSYLLE. A blackbird. il/en(fe, MS. Arundel

249, f. 90. It occurs in Nominale MS.
NOT. (1) Know not. (J.-S.)

For whane men thenken to debate,
I not what other tbynge is good

Goner, MS. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f. 38.

(2) Smooth ; without horns, far. dial. Hence,
to shear, or poll. Not-head, a craven crown.

(3) Not only. 1 Thess. iv. 8.

(4) A game like bandy. Glouc.

(5) Well tilled, as afi'eld. Essex.
NOT.VBILITEE. A thing worthy of observation.

Chaucer.
NOTCH. (1) The female pudendum.
(2) Out of all notch, out of all bounds. Lillv,

ed. 1632, sig. Aa. xi.
NOTCHET. A notable feat. East.
J»OTE. (1) Use; business; employment. To
use, or enjoy. Lane.

But thefte serveth of wykked note,
Hyt hangeth hys mayster by the throte,

MS.Harl. 1701, f. 14.

(2) A nut. Maundevile, p. 158.

(3) To push, strike, or gore with the horns, as a
bull. North.

(4) The time during which a cow is in milk.
North. Kennett has, " ?ioyt, a cow's milk
for one year." MS. Lansd. 1033.

(5) To contend with ; to fight.
(6j To eat. Durham. (Island.)

NOU

582

KOY

(7) Neat or cattle. North.
NOTELESS. Stupefied. Essex.
NOTEMUGE. Nutmeg. Chaucer.
NOTERER. A notary.
NOTE-SCHALE. A uutsheU.

But alle nis worth a note-schale.

Gouer, MS. Soc. Anliii. 134, f. t07.
NOTFULHEDE. Profit ; gain ; utility. It
occurs in MS. Cotton. Vespas. D. vii, and is
connected with jV.-S. nrtlicnys.
NOTH.\G. The jay. "Nothagge, a byrde,
jaye," Palsgrave. Spelt nothak iu N'ominale
MS. f. 6. " Ficedula, a nuthage," Vocab.
Rawl. MS. " The uuthake with her notes
newe," Squvr of Lowe Degre, 55.
1V0T-HALF-S.A.YED. Foohsh. West.
NOTHELES. Nevertheless. {A.-S.)
Notfieles yn here dedys,

Se was chaste as Menerhedys. MS. Hart. 1701 , f. 1 1.
NOTHER. Otherwise; nor; neither; other;

another. (A.-S.)
NOTHING. Not ; not at all. (A.-S.)
His hatte w.is boude undur his chyn.
He did hit iwlhyng of to hyra,

Hetho3t hit was no tyme. MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 48.
NOTORIE. Notorious. Lydgale.
NOTTLE. Foohsh; trifling; absurd; wanton.

Mines' MS. Glossary.
NOTWITHIJNDERST.VNDING. Notwithstand-
ing. A curious corruption, sometimes heard,
and perhaps the longest word ever used by a
rustic. Isle of Wight.
NOUCHE. A jewel; a necklace. Oftener
spelt ouche, as in Nominale MS.

To my Lord and nephew the king the best nouche
which I have on the day of my death.

Test. Vetust. p. 141.
Whan thou hast taken eny thynge
Of lovisjifte, or nnuche or ryuge.

Gower, MH. Soc. Auti<j. 134, f. 54.

NOUGHT-A-DOW. Worthless. Aor/h.

NOUGHT-M ERCHANTABLE. Not well. Dpcom.

NOUGHTY. Possessed of nothing. (.-l.-S.)

NOUMBRED. A number ; the sum total.

NOUN. No. (,^.-V.)

NOUSE. Sense ; knowledge. Var. dial. Ap-
parently from the Greek voi»e.

Oh ! aid, as lofty Homer says, my nmiie

To sing sublime the Monarch and the Louse.

Peter Pindar, i. 220.

NOUSLE. To nestle ; to cherish ; to wrap up.
Also spelt no::le. " See with what erroneous
trumperies antiquitie hath bene no::elfd,"
Batman's Golden Booke, 1577, ded. Nuz:ekd,
brought up in youth, Hohnshed, Hist. Engl,
i 108 ; nursed, habituated, Hohnshed, Conq.
Ireland, pp. 46, 78.
And misled once in wicked deedes I feard not to

oflfende.
From bad, to worse and woist 1 fell, I would at
leysure mende.

HtPartofPronwsandOmsandra, ii. 6.
NOUSTY. Peevish. North.
NOUT-GELD. Cornage rent, originally paid in

r -at or cattle. North.
NOUTHE. (1) Now. (^A.-S.)
(2) Nought ; nothing. Hence, nouthe-con, to
know nothing. {A.-S.)

(3) To set at nought ; to defy.

NOVELLIS. News. {A.-N.)

NOVELRYE. Novelty. (^.-.V.)

Ther was a knyjt that loved novelrpe.
As many one haunte now that folye.

US. Harl. 1701, f . 23

NOVER. High land above a precipitous bank

Stijtsex.
NOVUM. A game at dice played by five oi
six persons. It is mentioned in Florio, p. 210
Tavlor's Motto, 1622, sig. D. iv.
NOW-AND-NOW. Once and again. -Vow tind

then, occasionally.
^'0-^Y.\Y-BUT-ONE. A phrase implying an

inevitable certainty.
NO-WAYS. Not at all. Var. dial.
NOWEL. A cry of joy, properly that at Christ-
mas of joy for the birth of the Sariour. (Lat.)
It signified originally the feast of Christmas,
and is often found in that sense. A poUtical
song, in a MS. of Henry VI. 's time, in my
possession, concludes as follows, —
Tyll home Sulle Wylekyne.
Thisjoly gentylle sayle,
Alle to my lorde Fueryn,

That never dyd fayle.
Therfore let us alle syng nowelle ;
Nowelle ! Nowelle ! Nowelle ! Nowelle !
And Cryst save mery Vnglond and sped yt welle.
NOWELE. The navel. Arch. xxs. 354.
NOWIE. Horned cattle. North.
NOWITE. Foolish; witless; weak.
NOWLE. The noddle or head. " The nmrle

refine," Lillv, ed. 1632, sig. Aa. viij.
NOW.MER. Number. Prompt. Parv.
NOW-NOW. Old .Anthony Now-now, an itine-
rant fiddler frequently mentioned by our old
writers. Anthony Munday is supposed to be
ridiculed under this name, in Chettle's Kind-
hart's Dreame, 1592.
NOWP. A knock on the head. Line.
NOWRE. Nowhere. Isumhras, 544. Nowre-

whare occurs in Hampole.
NOW-RIGHT. Just now. Exmoor.
NOWSE. Nothing. North.
NOWUNDER. Surely ; certainly.
NOY. To annoy ; to hurt. North.

Corporal meat, when it findeth a belly occupied

with adverse and corrupt humours, doth both hurt

the more, ncy the more, and helpeth nothmg at all.

Becon's Works, ji. 117-

Of wilke some are nfyeand tille us kyndly.

And some are profytable and esye.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 189.
Thus do ye recken ; but I feare ye come of clerus,
A very noyfuU worme, as Aristotle sheweth us.

B'tfe't. Kynge Johan, p. 86.

NOYNTE. To anoint. West.
I axst a mayster of fysyke lore.

What wold hyme drye and dryve away ;
Elymosina ys an erbe ther-fore,

Oon of the best that ever 1 say.
Noynte heme therwyth ay whenne thow may,

Thingk that Requiem shalle in the rente and sese,
.\nd sone after, within anyght aad a day,

Thou Shalt have lysens to lyve in ease.

MS. Cantab. Ff i. 6. f. 47.

NOYSAUNCE. Offence ; trespass. (A.-N.)

NUR

583

NUT

NOZZLE. The nose. Far. dial.

N03T. Not. Perceval, 98, 143, Sl.'j, &c.
The lordis seid tohym anon,
Joly Robyn let hym nojr gon
Tille that he have etyn.

MS. Oinlah. Ft. v. 48, f. 52.

NUB. (1) To push ; to beckon. \orl/i.

(2) The najjc of the neck. East.

(3) A husband. A cant terra.
NUBBLE. To bruise with the fist.
NUBBLINGS. Small coal. Wore.
NUBIL.\TED. Clouded. {Ut.)

.About the beginning of March, 1660, I bought ac-
cidentally a Turkey-stone ring: it was then wholly
serene; toward the end of the moneth it began to
be nubilaled. Aubrey's Wilts, MS. Ros/al S"C. p. 100.

NUCH. To tremble. Northumh.

NUCKLE. Trifling work ; uncertain and un-
profitable employment. North.

NUDDLE. (1) The nape of the neck. East.

(2) To stoop in walking, far. dial.

NUDGE. A gentle push. It is also a verb, to
strike gently, to give a person a hint or signal
by a private touch with the hand, elbow, or
foot. Var. dial.

NUFFEN. Cooked sufficiently. Line.

NUG. (1) A rude unshapen piece of timber; a
■ block. Somerset.

(2) A knob, or protuberance. Devon.

(3) A term of endearment.
NUGGING-HOUSE. A brothel.
NUG-HEAD. A blockhead. Somerset. Carr

has num-head, Craven Gl.

NULL. To beat severely.

NUJL Dull ; stupid. East. Also a verb, to
benumb or stupefy. " Nums all the currents
that should comfort life," Tragedy of Hotfman,
1631, sig. K. iii.

NUMBLES. The entrails, or part of the in-
wards of a deer.

Brede and wyne they had ynough.

And nombtes of the dere. Robin Hood, i. 8.

NUMPOST. An imposthume. East.

NUMPS. A fool. Beron.

NUN. " A htle titmouse, called a ntinne, be-
cause his heade is filletted as it were nimlike,"
Nomenclator, p. 60.

NUNC. A large lump or thick piece of any-
thing. South.

NUNCH. A luncheon. Var. dial.

NUNCHEON. A lump of food sufficient for a
luncheon. Kent.

NUNCLE. (1) An uncle. Still in use.

(2) To cheat ; to deceive. North.

NUNMETE. A luncheon. Pr. Pan.

NUNNERY. A brothel. A cant term.

NUNQU.\M. One who never returns from an
errand. {Lat.)

NUNRYE. A nunnery. Isumbras, 485.

NUNT. To make an effort. North.

NUNTING. Awkward looking. Sussex.

NUNTY. Stiff; formal; old-fashioned ; shabby ;
mean ; fussy. Var. dial.

NUP. A fool. Nupson occurs in this sense in
Ben Jonson, and Grose has it in C. D. V. T.

NUR. The head. Warw.

NURCIIY. To nourish. " .Va/rio, to nurchy,"
Vocab. MS. XV. Cent. f. 72, in my pos-
session. Said to be in use in Devon.

NURLY. Lumpy ; knotty. Hence, metapho-
rically, ill-tempered. North.

NURPIN. A Mttle person. Here/. Possibly
connected with nyreyl in Pr. Parv.

NURSE. To cheat. A cant term.

NURSE-CHILD. A child before weaning. "A
nource cbilde, or babe that sucketh," Witbals.
ed. 1608, p. 271.

NURSE-GARDEN. (1) The crab-apple tree.

(2) A nursery-garden. " Settes of young trees,
or nursegardaynes," Cooper, ed. 1559, in v.
Semen. StUl in use.

NURSES-VAILS. The nurse's clothes when
penetrated by nepial indiscretions. Oxon.

NURSPELL. A boy's game in Lincolnshire,
somewhat similar to trap-ball. It is played
with a kibble, a mir, and a spell. By striking
the end of the spell with the kibble, the nur
of coiu'se rises into the air, and the art of the
game is to strike it with the kililile before it
reaches the ground. He who drives it to the
greatest distance, wins the game.

NURT. To nurture ; to bring up.

NUSENESS. A nuisance. East.

NUSHED. Starved ; ill-fed. East.

NUT. (1) Sweet-bread. East.

(2) The stock of a wheel. / 'ar. dial.

(3) The lump of fat called the pope's-eye.
" Mu^uette de mouton, the nut of a leg of
mutton," Cotgrave.

(4) A silly fellow. Yorish. This word is not
applied to an idiot, but to one who has been
doing a foolish action.

(5) A kind of small urn.

Also oon littel standyng peece, with a gilt kover.
which hath at the foote a crown, and another on the
kover, weying 22 ounces, also a standyng gilt }mn,
and the best dosein of the second sort of my spones.
Tast. Vetu.,1. p. 365.
NUTCRACKERS. The pillorv.
NUT-CR.\CK-NIGHT. AU Hallows' eve, when
it is customary to crack nuts in large quanti-
ties. North.
NUTCROME. A crooked stick, used for lower-
ing branches of hazels, in order to reach the
fruit. East.
NUT-HOLE. The notch in a bow to receive

the arrow.
NUT-HOOK. A bailiff.
NUTMEGS. The testes. Var. dial.

My precious nutmegs doe not wound.

For fear I should not live ;
I'll pay thee downe one hundred pound.
If thou wilt me forgive.

Histoyy ofjmk Horner, ed. 1697. p. 18.
NUTRE. A kind of worm.
NUTRITIVE. That which has nourished.

Yf ever God gave victorye to men fyghtinge in a
juste quarell, or yf he ever ayded such as made
warre for the wealthe and tuicion of their owne
natural and nutritive countrey.

Hall, Richard III. I. 31.
NUTTEN. A donkey. I. Wight.

OAK

584

OBU

NUT-TOPPER. The bird nut-pecVer. M'ithals'

Dictioriarie. ed. ItJOS. p. 21.
NUVITOUS. Nutritious. Salop.
NUY. Annoyance ; injury.

And ihare was so greie habundance of nedders
and other voitymitus bes!ez, that tharae byhoved
nedez travelU- armel, and that was a grete nuf/
to thame, and an heghe disese.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 27.

NUZZLE. To loiter ; to idle. North.
NYE. (1) An eye. Nominale MS.

Fro nyse j.ipysand rib.jdry

Awey thou musie turne thi hj/c;

Turne thi nt/e, that thou notse

This wyccud woridis vanyte.

MS. OiTitab. Ff. V. 4fl, f. 1.

(2) Annoyance ; injury ; trouble.

The patryark sawe hys grete nt/e.

For Befyse he wepyd, so thojt hym rewrly.

ilS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 10£).

(3) To neigh. Palsgrave.
NYME. To name.

For every creature of God that man can nyme.
Is good of hymself after his first creacion.

MS. Digby 181.

NY'MPHAL. A short poem relating to nymph*.

Drat/ ton,
NYMPHS. Y'oung female bees.
NYMYOS. Excessive.

Now, gracyous Lord, of your nymyoj charyt^.
With hombyll harts to thi preseiis complayue.

Digby Mysteric-i, p. 115.

NYNON. Eyes.

And wash thou thi nynon with that water.

Chron. Viludnn. p. 77>

NYTE. To deny. See Nick. Qu. nycyde ?

Trewly in hisenteut.

In batelle ne in tournament

He ijy^i/de us never with naye.

MH. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 139.

NYTTE. To require ; to use. {A.-S.)
NY3E. Nigh ; near. {A.-S.)

Fore thofe ihou wyrke bothe dey [and] nyght.

He wyll not the, I sey the ryght ;

He wooes to ».Vje the ale-wyfFe,

And he thouht ever fore to thryffe.

MS. Ashmole 61, xv. Cent.

(1) Of. StUlinuse.

A ! perles pryns, to the we pray,
Save our kyng both iiyjt and day !
Fore he is ful jOng, tender of age,
Semele to se, o bold corage.
Lovely and loft^ of his lenage.

Both perles prince and kyng veray.

.MS. floure 30->, f. 29.
The wrang to hereoright is lath,
And pride wyt buxsumnes is wrath.

MS. Ctitlbn. Vespas.X. iii. f. 2.
{1) One. Also, on. Chaucer.

Be-teche thatn the proveste, in presens of lordez,
O payne and o pelle that pendes there-too.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 70.
Where that Merlin dede him se
In o day in thre ble.

Arthour aurf 3f'--Wi«, p. 74.

(3) Anything circular ; an heraldic terra for a
kind of spangle. Shakespeare terms the stars
" those fien- o's."

(4) A lamentation. Shak.

(5) The arithmetical cypher.

(6) AU. Bran New \Vark, 1785.

(7) The woof in wearing.
OAF. A fool. Still in use;

0.\K. (1) To sport the oak, to close the outer
door, a phrase used at Cambridge.

(2) The club at cards. West.

OAKEN'-APPLE-DAY. The 29th of May, on
which boys wear oaken apples in their hats
in commemoration of King Charles's adven-
ture in the oak tree. The apple, and a leaf or
two, are sometimes gilt and exhibited for a
week or more on the chimney piece, or in the
\rindow. This rustic commemoration is, how-
ever, getting into disuse. Sectarians have left
it off, and in a few years it will probably be
leldom seen. I can recollect when not a boy
in a vfhole village let the day pass unobserv-

ant of the oaken apple. Fears were sometimes
entertained in a backward season that the
apples would not be forward enough for our
loval purpose. Moor's Suffolk MS.

OAK-\A'EB. The cockchafer. JFest.

0.\My. Light, porous, generally spoken of
ploughed land. Xorf.

OAR. " A busie-body, medler in others mat-
ters, one that bath an oare in others boates,"
riorio, p. 37.

O.ARS. M'atermeu.

Tarlton being one Sunday at court all day,
caused a paire of ofirea to tend him, who at night
called on him to be gone. Tarlton, being a carous-
ing, drunk so long to the watermen, that one of
them was bumpsie; and so, indeede, were all three
for the most part. Tarlton'a Jetts, 1611.

OAST. (1) Curd for cheese. North.

I 2 ) .\ kiln for malt or hops. Kent.

OAT-FLIGHT. The chaff of oats. East.

0.\TMEALS. One of the many terms for the
roaring-boys.

OATS. (1) To sow one's wild oats, i. e. to leave
off wild habits.

(2) In the south of England, when a horse
falls upon Ills back, and rolls from one side to
the other, he is said to earn a gallon of oats.

O.WIS. The eaves of a house. Essex.

OB.\DE. To abide. Tristrem, p. 178.

OBARNI. A preparation of mead.

OBEED. A hairy caterpillar. Derb.

OBEISS.\NT. Obedient. Palsgrave.
That were obeissant to his heste.

Cower, MS. Soc. Jnlig. 134. f. 34.

OBESSE. " Play at obesse, at bUiors, and at
cards," Archseologia, xiv. 253.

OBFUSCATE. Obscured. (Lat.)

Whereby the fame of all our estimacion shall now
bee obfutcate, utterly extioguyshed, and nothyng set
by. Hall, Edward Ii'. f. 10.

OBS

585

OBIT. A funeral celebration.

These oftf.'j once past o're, which we desire,
Those eyes that now shed water shall spe;.ke fire.

iieyic.jod'i /nn Age, 1632, sig. H iv.

OBITCH-S-COLT. " Forty sa one Uke Obitch's

cowt, a Shropshire phrase.
OBITERS. Small ornaments.
OBJECTION. A subject or argument
OBLATRATION. A barkini;-at. (Lat.)
OBLAUXCHERE. Fine white meal .'

With oblauncliere or outher floure.
To make hem whytter of coloure.

MS. Hart. 1701, f. 22.
OBLE. A kind of wafer cake, often sweetened
with honey, and generally made of the finest
wheaten bread. The consecrated wafer distri-
buted to communicants at mass was so
termed. " Oblata, oble," MS. Lansd. 560
^■*''-OJ>lete,a.thmcake. (Tent.) "Nebula,
oblys," Xominale.MS.

Mak paste, and bake it in oble-inyns, and ett
growelleof porke, and after ete the obMes. and thou
sal have deliverance bathe abowneand bynethe.

MS. Lincaln .■\. i. I7, f. 291.
Ne Jhesu was nat iheohte
That reysed was at the sacre.

OBLIGATE. Tooblige. F.^"' ''*"' "^■
OBLOCUTION. Interruption. (Lat.)
OBLYSCHED. OWiged; compelled.

It helpyth to payeowredettes for synne.
In whych to God oblpsched ben wee.
_. . ,. "^ Cantab. Ff , ii. 39, f. 14.

Thei ben nblUched and thei felle, but we roos, and
we ben righted. Ms. Tanner Ifi, p. 51

The whole felowship. marchauntes, bur<-esses
and commonaltye of the same towne, to be bounde
and ohly.hed by ther presentes unto the most excel-
lent and most mighty prince Edward.
r.T5r. . TT^ ~ ^''"' Edward IF. f. 5",

OBRAID. To upbraid. So»iersef.
Kow, thus accoutred and attended to,
In Court and citie there's no small adoe
V^ ith this young stripling, that obraids the gods.
And thmkes, -twist them and him, there is no o.ls.

OBRLTED. Overthrown. (Lat.)

Venly, if ye seriously consider the miserv where-
wuh ye were obruted and overwhelmed before, ye
shall easily perceive that ye have an earnest cause to

OBS-AXD-SOLS. The ^^ordtoij'/e/ione^'eTsl
lutioms were frequentlv so contracted in the
marginal notes to controversial avinitv, and
hence the phrase was jocularlv used bv more
hvely writers.

OBSCENOUS. Obscene ; indecent.

OBSCURED. Discuised. Shak.

OBSECR.VTIOXS." Entreaties. (Lat.)

Let us fly to God at all times with humble
obtecratiom and hearty requests.

.^^™_ Betwi's Works, D. 187

OBSEQUIOUS. Funereal. Shak. ' P" ''''■

OBSEQUY. Obsequiousness. Jonsm.

OBSERVANCE. Respect. (.^...V.)

ORSF^^THM ■^^ °^y,; '" '•«sP«<^t : to crouch.

uoatALLJi. Obstmate. A provincial word,
very common in Shakespeare's time. It is e.\-

ODA

in Batman

plained " stubbome or wilfull"

uppon Bartholome, 1582.
OBSTIXATIOX. Obstinacy. PaUgrave.
OBSTRICT. Bounden. (Lat.)

To whom he recogniseth hymself to be so moche

UKlebted and obstrice, that non of thise your diffl.

culties shalbe the stop or let of this desired con-

OI^STROPOLOUS. Obstreperor.lT;•;om:
mon vulgarism. " I was going mv rounds, and
tound this here gemman ven- obstropolous,
whereof I comprehended him as an auspicious
nJ'-^r^rAC I!"* '* genuine London dialect.
OBTRECT. To slander. (Lat.'*
OC. But. (.V..5.)

Oc thourgh the grace of God almight.
With the tronsoun that he to prlsoun tok
A slough hem alle, so saith the hnk.

nr iDvr T Be.esofHamtoun,-p.6l.

ULAf IE. To occupy ; to employ.

Tho seyde Cye, soschalt thou "nojt,

in yduU thou ocapyest thy tho;t.

nrrilMV . ^S.Ca„tab. F{.u.Si.{.2U.

ui.U4.Ml. A compound metal, meant to

imitate silver, a corruption of the word

alchemy. See Nares.
OCCASIONS. Necessities of nature
OCCIDEXT. TheMest. (.V.-.v.)

Of Inglande, of Irelande, and alle thir owtt illes.
That Arthure in the mredente ocupves ait ones.'

nrr T-P A VT a """" "*"''"'''• ^^- '-""-'"• ^- '"•

ULLLF.\NT. A prostitute. From the old word
occuj)!/, futuo. "A bawdv, or occupvinff-
house," Florio, p. 194. '

I can swive four times in a night : but thee
Once in four years 1 cannot i,n-u,jie.

nrCT-pv T., ^ F.-etcher-s Poevu, p. llu.

uULLi'l. rouse. Occ«/»er, a tradesman.

OCCUR. Ochre. Palsarat-e.

OCCURRE. To go to. (Lat.)

Secondarely yf he should reyse an army so so-
damly, he knewe not where to nccune and mete his
enemies, or whether too go or where to lary.

^„ , , ^oll, Richard III. f. 14.

OCCURREXTS. Incidents ; qualities. Meet-
ings, Optick Glasse of Humors, 1639. p. 139

Julius Casar himselfe for his pleasure became ail
actor, being in shape, state, voyce, judgement, and
all other occKirenM, exterior and interior, excellent.

/%r-,^-i- . -XT „., ''«"■"'«'■'' ^pologp fyr Actors, 1612.

OCCYAX. The ocean.

In verri soth, as y remembre can,

A certeyne kynrede towarde the occyan.

l-yigate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 22.
OCE.AN-SEA. This phrase is often used bv Sir
Thomas More. "Thb greate brode botom-
lesse ocean-see," Supplycacvon of Soulvs, sig.
C. h. ^ It occurs likewise in HalL
OCHEX. To break ; to destroy. (A -A"l
OCIVITY. Sloth. Hooper, ''

OCKSECROTI.\. Tipsy. A cant term.
OCUB. The cockchafer. Sojnersel.
OCY. The nightingale's note.
ODAME. A brother-in-law. (Germ.)
0-DA\VE. Down. See .-/rfawe (2).

Loke ;e blenke for no bronde, ne for no brvghle

wapyne,
Bot berisdowneof thebeste, and bryng themecwiaice
ilorte Arthure, MS. Una>ln,t.9i

OPE

S86

OIN

ODD. (1) Only ; single ; alone. (2) Lonely ; out
of the way. Line.

(3) Odd and even, a game at marbles. Odd come
short!//, a chance time, not far off. Odd-come-
shorts, odds and ends, fragments.

ODD-FISH. A strange fellow. Var. dial.

ODD-MARK. That portion of the arable land
of a farm which, in tliecustomarj' cultivation
of the farm, is applied to a particular crop.
Heref.

ODDMENTS. Trifles ; remnants. North.

ODDS. (1) To fit ; to make even. .\lso, occa-
sionally, to alter. Jf'est.

(2) Consequence ; difference. Var. dial.

ODDY. (1) A snail. O.ton.

(2) Active ; brisk. Generally applied to old peo-
ple. Oxon.

ODDY-DODDY. A river-snail. Ojron.

ODE. Woad for dyeing.

ODER. Other. Still in use.

And beryd the cors with bothe her rede,
As she sodenly hade beded.
That no man odur wiste.

MS. Cantab. Ff. V. 48, f. U.

ODERWORT. The herb dragance.
ODIBLE. Hateful. (Lat.)

And thou shalt be maister of that worme odible.
And oppresse hym in his owne stalle.

MS. Laud. 416, f. 56.
AH suche othis be to our Lord odi'jie
That be made and promysid to an evill entercion.

MS. Laud. 416, f. 69.
ODIFFERAUNT. Odoriferous.
ODIOUS. Ill-tasted; ill-scented. East.
ODORAUNT. Sweet-smeUing. {.I.-.W.)
The thrid day next my sone went doune
To erthe, whiche was disposed plentuously
Of aungels bright and hevenly soune
With odoraunt odoure ful copiously.

MS. B'idl. 423, f. 214.
ODSNIGGERS. An exclamation of rebuke.
An immense number of oaths and exclama-
tions may be found commencing with ods, a
corruption of God's.
OEN. Owe; are indebted.

I telle it the in privet^.
The kynges men oen to me
A m'. poundeand mare.

MS. Caiilah. Ff. v. 48, f. 47.

O'ERL.AY. A girth ; a cloak. North.
OERTH-IVI. The hedera nigra.
OERTS. In comparison of. Best.
OES. Eyes. Xominale MS.

And notwithstondinge your manly hart,

Frorae youro^j the teres wald starte
To shew your hevynesse.

Com hithere Jnsephe and sLinde ner this rood.

Loo, this lame spared not to she<ld his blude.
With most paynfuUe distresse.

.VS. Biidl. e Mtis. 160.
OF. In; out of ; from; at; on; otf; by.

Many of these meanings are still current in

the provinces.
OFCORN. Offal corn. Finchale Chart. The

term occurs in Tusser. East.
OF-DA\VE. To recover. Weber.
OF-DRAD. Afraid; frightened. (^.-5.)
O-FERRE. Afar off.

Beholde also how his mudire and allehis frendes
stand alle o-/en-e lukande and folortande theme
withe mekyUe mumyng and hertly ^orowe.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 181.
OFF. (1) Upon ; out of. Off at hooks, out of
temper, or unwell. Off and on, changeable.
Off nor on, neither one thing nor another.

(2) The line from which boys shoot in commen
cing a game of marbles.

(3) Provided ; furnished, far. dial.
OFF-.\T-SIDE. Mad. North.
OFFENCIOUS. Offensive. Marlowe, ii. 305.
OFFENDED. Hurt. Chaucer.
OFFENSIOUN. Office; damage. (A.-N.)
OFF-HAND. A man holdiug a second farm on

which he does not reside is said to farm it off-
hand. Suffolk.
OFFICE. The eaves of a house. West.
OFFICES. The rooms in a large house, appro-
priated to the use of the upper servants. The
term is still in common use, apphed to the
menial apartments generally.
OFFRENDE. An offering. (.^.-.V.)
And sche bl-^aii to bidde ami prey
Upon tlie bdregrounde knelende.
And afiir that made hir -ffiende.

C-wer, .MS. &.c. Aniiq. 134, f. 44.

OFF-SPRING. Origin. Fairfax.
OFF-TOOK. Took by aim ; hit.
OF-LO.\G. For a long period.
OF-SIGH. Saw; perceived. (J.-S.)
OF-TAKE. Taken. St. Brandan, p. 19.
OFTER. Oftener. North.

Oftei- bryngeth on day.
That alle thejere not may.

MS. Dmice 52, f. 13
OFTE-SITHES. Often-times. (A.-S.)
For thou and other that leve your thyng,
VieXoftesithes ye banne thekyng.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 48.
OF- WALKED. Fatigued with walking. {A.-S.)
OGAIN. Again. Still in use.
Fortigernam gode coure
That he no might ogatn hem doure.

Arthiiitr and Merlin, p. 16,
And dede hem ocain thre thousinde,
.\nd acontred that carroy.

Artliutir and Mr^rtin, p. 178.

OGAINSAGHES. Contradictious. It occurs

in MS. Cotton. Vespas. D vii.
OGE. Again. "Come now son oge," Gy of

Marwike, p. 110.
OGHE. Ought. Gawayne.
OGLES. Eves. A cant term,
OGNE. Own.

And thoght ther w.is resone ynne.
And syh h\s o^ne tyf t.> wynne,

Gouer, MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 3».

OGOS. Caves along the shore. Comw.

OIL. To oil his old wig, i. e. to make him
tipsv. North.

OIL-OF-BARLEY. Strong beer.

OIL-OF-HAZEL. A severe beating.

OILY. Smooth; adulatory. I'ar.dial.

OINEMENT. Ointment. ' (.^.-A'.)
Now of the seventhe sacrament.
These clerkys kaile hyt «*nanu?«(.

US. Harl.mX, f. 74

OLD

:)!S7

0MB

OINT. To anoint. Pabgrare.
OKE. Akrd. Pret. pi. (A.-S.)
OKE-CORNE. An acorn. " Ortus Voc.
OKERE. To put money out to usury. Also,
usury. Okerer, ;in usurer.

.Anyjt. «h<li men hadile here rest.
Me okered pens yn hys cheste.

MS. Hart. 1701, f. 18.
Ofevr hyt ys for the outrage
To take thy cjtel and haveavaunta<;e.

MS. Hail. 1701, f. 10.
One nyjte qwene mene had ryste.
He okifl-ryde pcuyes unto hys kyste.

Robert de Brunne, MS. Boices, p. 5.
An okerer, or elles a lechoure, sayd Robyii,
With wrongehast thou lede thy lyfe.

R<..bin Hfjod. i. 10.

OKERS. " Bootes for ploughmen called okers,"
Huloet, 1552. " Carpatinit. plowmens bootes
made of untanned leather, they may be called
okers" Elyot, ed. 1559.

OKI. Moist ; sappy. North.

OLD. (1) Famous; great; abundant. Wane.
Shakespeare uses the word in this sense
" There will be an old abusing of God's pa-
tience, and the king's English." It sometimes
is used to denote approbation, fondness, or
endearment ; as. in Virginia and Maryland,
the most endearing appellation by which a
fond husband could address a beloved wife,
used to be his calling her his dear old woman.
On Sunday, at masse, there was o/rfe ringing of
bels, and old and yong came to church to see the new
rootle, which was so ill favourde, thatal the parish
misiikt it, and the children they cryetl. and were
afraid of it. Tarlton's W'-u'eg <iut o/Purgatnrie, 1590.

(2) Cross ; angry. Sufolk.

(3) Old Bendy, 'old Harry, Old Scralc/i, terms
for the devil. Old Christmas, Christmas
reckoned by the old style. Old coat and
jerkin, a game at cards. Old doy, old hand,

a knowing or expert person. Old stager, one
well initiated in anything. Old lad, a sturdy
old fellow. OWs/W', a complimentary mode
of address to an old man, signifving he is a
capital fellow. Old file, an old miser.

OLDHAMES. A kind of cloth.

OLD-HOB. A Cheshire custom. It consists
of a man carrj-ing a dead horse's head, covered
with a sheet, to frighten peojile.

OLD-KILLED. Squeamish and hstless. North.

OLD-L.\ND. Ground that has been unfilled a
long while, and is newlv broken up. Essex.

OLD-LING. Urine. Yorksh.

OLD-MAID. The lapwing. Wore.

OLD-MAX. Southernwood. lar. dial.

OLD-MAN'S-GAJIE. The game of astragals.
MS. Ashmole 788, f. 16-2.

OLD-MILK. Skimmed milk. North.

OLD-SARAH. A hare. Suffolk.

OLD-SHEWE. A game mentioned in the
Nomenclator, p. 298. It is apparently the
same as King-by-your-Leave, q. v.

OLD-SHOCK. A goblin said to appear in the
shape of a great dog or calf. East.

OLD-SONG. A trifle. Var. dial.

OLD-SOW. A wood-louse. East

OLD-TROT. An old woman who is greatly

addicted to gossiping.
OLD-WITCH. The cockchafer. East.
OLD-WIVES-T.A.LE. - This is an oldv-hes tale,
or a fashion of speech cleane out of fashion,**
Cotgrave, in v. Langoge.
OHIAUNT. An elephant. (/^.-A*.)
Felled was king Rion stand.ird.
And the four olyfaunce y slawe.

Ajtfioi/r tiuii Mfrttin, p. 344,
The scarlet cloth doth iriake the bull to feare;
The cullour white the o//(i'o«r rioth shunne.

DeUmi'i/'s Strange Histori&i, IftC.

OLIVER. (1) A young eel. Devon.
(2) To give a Rowland for an OUver, a phrase
still in use, derived from two well-known
characters in ancient romance.

Sochestrokys were never seen yn londe,
Syth Oit/vere dyed and Rowlonde.

US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 109.
OLATRE. The olive-tree. {A.-N.)
OLIVER'S-SCULL. A chamber-pot.
OLLET. Fuel. Ray inserts this in his South
and East-Country Words. Aubrey, in his
MS. Nat. Hist, of M'ilts, tells us that cow dung
and straw was used for fuel at Highworth, and
called bv that name.

olodde'.

For-thi thou gyffe, whils thou may lyfe.

Or alle gase that ihou rnay gete,

Thig:isle fraGodd, thigudts ok^lde,

Thi fiesche fo'dps undir fete.

With 1. and E. fuUe sekire thou be,

Tliat thynneexecuturs

Of the ne willerekke, hot skikk and skekke

Fulle baldely in thi boures.

MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. 213.
0-LONKE. Along. MS. Harl. 2253.
OLY. OU. Nominate MS.
OLYET. -A. little hole in anything, such as cloth,

&c. Forhy has oy let-hole, a perforation in a

garment to admit a lace. The small openings

in ancient fortifications were c.tlled olyets, or

ovlcts. " Ovliet hole, oillet," Palsgrave.
OLYPRAINCE. Gaiety.' Holloway has, •' O/y-

pranee, rude, boisterous meriiment, a romping

match. Northampton."

t)f rich at ire es ther avaunce,
Pnkkand ther hots with oii^praunce.

R. de BrvtinffMS. Botcas, p. 64.

OLYTE.

For wh.in thou doust yn lODgere-pyte
Hyt ys forjete that long ys ohjt".

MS HdW. 17ol,f. 7j.

OMAN. A woman, far. dial.

0-MAST. Almost. Cmnh. Several of the
glossaries have ommost.

OMBER. (1) The shade. Lane. Kennett has
oumer, MS. Lansd. 1033.

(2) A hammer. Salop. Antiq. p. 523.

OMBRE. A game at cards, of Spanish origin.
It appears to be merely an alteration or im-
provement of priniero. It is thus described
in the Compleat Gamester, ed. 1721, p. 12 —
"There are several sorts of this game called
L'Oiubre, but that which is the chief is called
Renegado, at which three only can play, to
whom are dealt nine cards ajiiece ; so that

ONE

588

ONI

discariUng tlie eights, nines and tens, tliere
will remain tliirteen cards in the stock; there
is no trump hut what the player pleases ; the
first hand has always the liberty to play or
pass, after him the second, &c.''

OME. The steam or vapour arising from hot
liquids. Dtinehn.

OMELL. Among; between. See Ywaine and
Ganin, 119 ; and Amell (2).

OMFRY-FLOOR. At WednesbuiT, co. StafT.,
in the nether coal, as it lies in the mine, the
fourth parting or laming is called the omfiT-
floor, two feet and a half thick. Kennett, MS.

OMMU.M-GATHERUM. A miscellaneous col-
lection of persons or things.

OMPURLODY. To contradict. Beds.

ON. (1) In. It is a prcfi.\ to verbs, similar to a.
" The kinge of Israeli on-huutynge wente,"
MS. Douce 261, f. 40.

(2) One. 4/?er OH, alike. Jl on,3greei. Ever
in on, continually. / yniii^ oji, I singly, I by
myself. On ane, together, MS. Cotton. Vespas.
D. vii. of the tliirteenth century.

(3) Of ; onwards. I'ai: dial. To be a little on,
i. e. to be approaching intoxication. A female
of any kind, when maris appetens, is said to
be on. It is sometimes an expletive, as cheated
on, cheated, &c.

ON.\NE. Anon. Sitsoti.

Hys hors fet wald he noht spare»
To he cam thar the robbour ware :
He yed unto thayr loge onane.

Gy of Wartlike, MiMlehill MS.
ONARMED. Took off his armour.

Tryamowre wened to have had pese.
And onarmed hym also tyte.

JUS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 70.
ONBEAR. To uncover, appUed to the opening

of a quarry. Tfest.
ON-BOLDE! Cowardly ; not fierce.
A man oon he ys holde,
Febulle he wexeth and on-bolde.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. ftj.

ONBRAID. Toupbraid; toreproach. Pabgrave.
ONCE. Once for all. A common sense of the

word in old plays.
ONDE. (1) Zeal; envy; malice; hate; hatred;
breath. (^.-5.)

Aschamid with a pitous onde,
Sche tolde unto hire husbonde
The sothe of alle the hole tale.

Goiter, MS. Sac. Antiq. 134, f. 44.

(2) Ordained. Yorksh.

ONDEDELY. Immortal. (^.-5.)

ON DINE. To breathe. Prompt. Parv.

ONDOAR. One who expounds.

ON-DREGIIE. Back ; at a distance.

ONE. (I) A; an individual ; a person, far. dial.

(2) Singular. Leic.

(3) .\lone ; singly. (.7.-5.) " By joureselfe
one," MS. Morte Arthure, f. 02.

And ther y gan my woo compleyne,
Wisschyng and wepynge alle myn oonc.

Cower, MS. Sue. .4i>tiq. I.">4, f. 30.

ONE-.\ND-THIRTY. An ancient and very
favourite game at cards, much resembling
vingt-un. It could be played by two persons.

as appears from Taylor's 'V\"orkcs, IC30, ii. 181.
It is mentioned in the Interlude of Youth, ap.
Collier, ii. 314 ; Earle's Microcosmography,
p. 62 ; Taylor's Motto, 1G22, sig. D. iv ; Florio,
p. 578 ; Upton's MS. Adds, to Junius.
ONED. (I) Made one ; united. {.i.-S.)
(2) Dwelt ; remained.

Than axed anon sir G:i,

To the barouns that oued him bi.

Gi 0/ Warwike, p. 27.
ONEDER. Behind. Chesli. According to
Ray, this is the Cheshire pronunciation cf
aunder, the afternoon.
ONEHEEDE. Unity. (J.-S.)

For Gode walde ay with the Fader and the Sonne,
Andwythe the Holy Cost incneheede wonne.

Hampole, MS. Bowes, p. 13.
And stere them all that ever they may.
To Qonhedd and to charyt^.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 3.

ONELOTE. An oblation.

ONEMENTE. A reconciliation. (,^.-5.)
Bot onemente thar hym nevyrwene.
Or eyther other herte have sought.

MS. Hart. 2-252, {. 115.

ONENCE. Against. Sevyn Sages, 2872.
ONE-O'CLOCK. Like one-o'clock, i. e. very

rapidlv, said of a horse's movement, &c.
ONE-OF-US. A whore.

ONE-PENNY. " Basilinda, the playe called,
one penie, one penie, come after me," Nomen-
clator, p. 298.
ONERATE. To load. {Lat.)
ONERLY. Lonelv; soUtary. North.
ONES. Once. {.i.-S.)

Evyr on hys mayslyrs grave he lay,
Ther myght no man gete hym away

For oght that they cowde do.
But yf hyt were 07ii/s on the day.
He wolde forthe to gete hys praye.
And sy then ageyne he wolde goo.

MS. Cimtab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 74.

ONE-SHEAR-SHEEP. A sheep hetween one
and two years old. Var. dial.

ONFANG. Received. (A.-S.)

ON-FERROilE. Afar off. {A.-S.)

Bot Alexander went bi hym ane uppone an heghe

cragge, whare he myghte see on-ferrortte fra hym,

and thane he saw this pestellencius beste the basilisc.

MS. Lincoli, A. i. 17, f. 38.

ONGOINGS. Proceedings ; goings on. North.

ONHANDE. In t'ne hand ; to the will. It oc-
curs in MS. Cott. Vespas. D. vii, the Egerton
MS. reading wiht wille.

ON-HELD. Bowed down.

ON-HENELY. Ungentlv ; nncourteouslv.

ONICLE. The onj-x. Onycle, Wright's'Lvnc
Poetry, p. 25. (.4.-.Y.)

ONID. Mixed and joined. Batman uppou
Bartholome, 1582.

ONIMENT. Ointment. Vocah. MS.

ONING. The only one. (A.-S.)

And in the tenthe menmyhte se
The ooni/ngaad the unyt6.

MS. Cm. Vitell. C. xiii. f. 98.

ONION-FENNIES. " At Silchester in llamp.
shire they find great plenty of Roman coini
which they call onion-penriies from one Onion,

00

589

vrhom they fooUslilv fancy to have been a
giant, and an inhabitant of this city," Kenuett
IIS. Lansd. 1033.
ON-LEXTHE. Afar. Gawayne.
OXLEPI. The same as .//(/e/;/, q. V. Onlepiliche
occurs in MS. Amnd. 57, f. 28.

Ich leve ine God, Vader Almijti, makere of

hevene and of erthe ; and ine Jesu Crist, his zone

OTfept, oure Lord. MS. Aruiulel. 67, f. M.

ONLIEST. Only. Chesh. It is singularly

used as a superlative.
ONLIGHT. To alight, or get down. West.
OXLIKE. Alone; only. {A.-S.)
Blissed Laverd God of Israel
That dos woodres ojilike wele.

MS. Egerton6U,t.-t8.
Of thi bapteme and of thi dedes,
Of onlych lif that thou here ledes.

Cursor itundi, MS. Coll. THn. Cantab, f. 79

ON-LOFT. Aloft.

And gat up into the tre esely and soft.
And hyng hj-mself upon a bowgh on-toft.

_...,.„ -MS. Lau^.iW, f. 61.

ONNETHE. Scarcely. (J.-S.)

OPP

Him thoujte that he was otmethe alive.
For he was al overcome.

U.VMSH. Somewhat tipsy. North.
ONOXE. Anon; immediately. (A.-S.)

And as [they] satt at the supcre, they kncwe hym
m brekyng of hrede, and onone He vanyste awaye
f™ '^"'">- its. Lincvln A. i. 17, f. m.

OX-O-NEXA. Alwavs. Lane.
ON.RYGHTE. Wrong.

Hys own lyfe for hur he lees
M'yth mekuUe on-ryghte.
_,.„.„ J/S. Canrat.Ff. ii.38,f. 9o.

ON SAY. An onset.

OXSET. A dwelling-house and out-buildings.
^orth. A single farmhouse is called an
onstead.
ONSETTEX. Small; dwarfish. North.
ON-ST.A.XD. The rent paid by the out-going
to the in-going tenant of a farm for such land
as the other has rightfully cropped before
leaving it. North.
OXSTE. Once. Chester Plays, ii. 100
ON-STRAYE. Apart.

The stede strak over the force.
And strayed oustraye.

MS. Lincoln A. t. 17. f 137
OXSWERID. Answered.

Kyng Edw^Tt 'mstverid agayne,
I wil go to these erles iwane.
„^,„ „ ^S- Cantab. Ft. v. iS, f. 53.

ONT. Will not ; w'ont. West.
ON-THEXDE. Abject; out-cast.
ONTHER. Under. Octovian, 609.
ON-TYE. To untie.

And yede .\rondeU all to nye.
And wolde have hyra on-tye.

MS Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 120.
ONWILLI. Unwillingly. Pr, Parv.
ONYOLBUX. A herb mentioned in MS Bibl

Reg. 12 B. i. f. U.
00. (1) One. See O.

And at oo wordescheplatly gan him telle
The childis myjte hifi power dide eccelle.

Lydgale, MS. Sor. ^Intig. 134, f. 10.

n^T^/" • "''"■ Tundale's Visions, p. 48.

UOBIT. The larvae of the tiger-moth.

UOX. An oven. North.

00XAI3LE. Awkward ; unwieldly.

OOXE. Alone, only. (J..S.)

A lie nakid but here schertis oone.
They wepteand made moche mone.

UUX-tGG. A soft-egg, one laid before the

shell IS formed. West.
OOXRYGHTTWYSLYE. Umighteouslv.

He was in Tuskajne that tyme, and tuke'of oure
knyghttes,

Areste theme omryghttu'yalye, and raunsound thame
aftyre. Morle Arthurs, MS. Lincoln, t. B6.

OOXT. A want, or mole. West
OOXTY. EmptT. Devon.
OOR. Hoary; aged.
OOSER. A mask with opening jaws along with

a cow's skin, put on for frightening people.

Dorset. ^ r r

COST. An host, or armv. (.-/.-.V.)
OOTH. Wood ; mad. Pr. Parv '
OOZLIXG. Hau^-. North.
OP- To get up. Somerset. Alsoqppu.
OPE. An opening. West.
OPE-LAXD. Land in constant till, ploughed

up everj- year. Si/ffoti.
OPEN. (1) A large cavern. Wlien a vein is

worked open to the day, it is said to be open-
cast. A miner's term.

(2) Not spayed, said of a sow, &c. Ea.it.

(3) Mild, said of the weather, far. dial
OPEX-ERS. The medlar. (A.-S.) "Oponhers,

medler, JIS. Sloane 5, f. G ; npenarces, MS.
Bodl. 30. Palsgrave has onynars.

OPEX-HEDED. Bare-headed. Chaucer.

OPEX-HOUSE. To keep opeu-house, i. e to
be e.\ceedinglv hospitable.

OPEX-TIDE. The time between Epiphanv
and Ash-Wednesday, wherein marriages were
publicly solemnized, was on that account for-
merly called open-tide ; but now in O.xford-
shire and several other parts, the time after
harvest, while the common fields are free and
open to all manner of stock, is called open-
tide. Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033.

OPEU. A bumper of wine. North

OPERAXCE. Operation ; effect.

OPERAXT. Operative; fit for action. Hev-
wood's Rovall King, sig. A. iv.

OPIE. Opit'im. {A.-N^

OPINION. (1) Credit; reputation.

(2) To opine ; to think. Suffolk.

OPPIL.\TIONS. Obstructions. {Lat.)

This Crocus is used very successfully for the
green-sickness stopping of the Terms, Dropsy and
other diseases, that proceed from Oppilalime ; the
Dose is from 15 grains to a Drachm.

■^"brey's mit,, US. Royal Soc. n. 111-

OPPORTUNITY. Character; habit.

OPPOSE. To question ; to argue with.
Problemes and demandes eke
Hys wysdom was to findeand seke,
Wherof he wolde in sondry wyse
Opposene hem that weren wyse.

Oower, MS. Cantab. Ff. 1. 6, f. .10

ORD

590

oi;i

OPPRESSE. To ravish. (^.-.V.) Hence op-
pression, rape.
OPTIC. A magnifying-glass. " Not legible
but throujb an optick," Nabbes' ISrirte, 1640,
sjg. G. i. Coles has the term.
OPUMCTLY. Opportunely. Greene.
OQWERE. Anywhere .'

If his howsholde beoqwerCf
Thi panshen is he there.

MS. Cantab. Ff. r. 48, f. 5.
OR. (1) Ere ; before. North.

Punysche paciently the transgnssones

Of mene dissreuled redressing tliaire errour.

Mercy preferryng or thou do rigour.

MS. Canlab. Ff. i. 6. f. 129.

(2) Lest. Perceval, 911.

(3) Than. " Rather or that," an idiom still
current in the midland counties.

He woldeageyn for youre love blede
Rather or that ye dampned were.

MS. Cntitali. Ff. li. 38, f. 48.

(4) Their. Wright's Seven Sages, p. 47.
ORANGE-T.VWNEY. A dull orange colour.
OR-A-ONE. Ever a one. Sou/h.
OR.\TION. Noise; uproar, far. dial.
ORATORIE. A private chapel; a closet for

the purposes of praver. (^-..V.)
ORBELL.

In the lowest border of the garden, I might see a
curious orbeU, a^\ of touch, wherein the Syracusan
tyrants were no lesse artfully portrayed, than their
several! cruelties to life displayed.

Biatthwait'if Arrndian Princesse, 1635, ii. 148.
ORBS. Panels. Nominale MS.
ORCEL. A small vase. {.i.-N.)
ORD. .\ point, or edge. (.^.-S.) Ord and
ende, the beghiuing and end, Gy of Warnike,
p. 33, a common phrase. In Suftblk, a pro-
montory is called an ord.

And touchede him with the speres orj,
That uevere eft he ne spak word.

Rf'tna/iLT of Otuel, p. 74.
He hit hiin with the speres ft/rf,
Thurch and thurch scheldes bord.

Artlwur and Merlin, p. 276,
Saul himself drowje his sword,
And ran even upon the ord.

Cursor J/iDirfi, .VS. Coll. Win. Cnnfab. f. 49.

ORDAIN. To order ; to intend. Devon.

ORDENARIE. An ordinance. (.^.-^^.)

ORDER. Disorder; riot. TJ'e.il.

ORDERED. Ordained; in holy orders.

ORDERS. A North-country custom at schools.
In September or October the master is locked
out of the school by the scholars, who, previ-
ous to his admittance, give an account of the
different holidays for the ensuing year, which
he promises to observe, and signs bis name
to the orders, as they are called, with two
bondsmen. The return of these si(jned orders
is the signal of capitulation ; the doors are
immediately opened ; beef, beer, and wine
deck the festive board ; and the day is spent
in mirth.

ORDERS-FOUR. The four orders of mendicant
friars. Chancer.

ORDINAL. The ritii,il.

ORDINANCE. (1) Fate. Shak.

(2) Orderly disposition. {.-i.-N.)

(3) Apparel. Palsgrave, 1.530.
ORDINATE. Regular; orderly. {Lat.)

For he that stonilcth ciere and ordinate.
And proude happis suJfreth underslide.

Boelius, 3IS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 286.

ORDONING. Ordinance. Palsgrave.
ORE. (1) Over. Var. dial.

(2) Grace ; favour ; mercy. {.i.-S.)

Syr, heseyde, for Crystys oi-e,
Leve, and bete me no more.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. Si;.

(3) Sea-weed, used for manure. South. Holin-
shed, Chron. Ireland, p. 183, mentions orewads.

(4) A kind of fine wool.
ORE. Cattle. {.4.-S.)

Into the breris they forth kacehe
Here or/, for that they woliien lacche.

Cower, MS. Sue. Antiq. 134, f. 33.

ORFRAYS. Embroidery. (^.-.V.) The term
is perhaps most generally applied to the bor-
ders of embroidery or needle-work, down the
cope on each side in front. See Cotgrave.
" Orphrey of red velvet," Dugdale's Monast.
iii. 283. It occm-s in Chaucer.
Fretene of oi/ro^e* feste appone scheldez.

Morte Ar'hure, MS. Lineoln, f. 76.

ORGAMENT. Wild marjorum.

The blood of harts burned together with herbe-
dragon, orchancs, ori^ament, and mastick have the
same power to draw serpents out of their holes,
which the harts have being alive.

Topseirs Four Footed Beauts, 1607, p. 130.
ORGAN. The herb pennyroyal.
ORGANAL. An organ of the body.
ORGLES. Organs. JFelier.
Oure gentyl ser Jone. joy hym mot betyde.

He is a mer^ mon of raony among cumpane,
He con harpe, heeon syng, his'))\p/n* ben herd ful wyd.
He wyl nojt spare his prese to spund his selare.

MS. Dot.ee 302, f. 3.

ORGULOUS. Proud. (J.-N.) Orffulisi, -prond-
est. Morte d'Arthure, ii. 432. Orgulyte, pride,
ibid. ii. 111.

ORIEL. This term is stated by Mr. Hamper to
have been formerly used in various senses,
viz. a penthouse ; a porch attached to any
edifice ; a detached gate-house ; an upper-
story; aloft; a gallery for minstrels. See a
long dissertation in tlie Aroha'ologia, x.\iii.
10(j-116. Perhaps, however, authority for
an interpretation may be found which will
compress these meanings, few words having
really so comprehensive and varied an use.
It may generally be described as a recess
within a building. Blount has oriol, " the
little waste room next the hall in some bouses
and monasteries, where particular persons
dined ;" and this is clearly an authorised and
correct explanation. .Vj.«i in refectorio vel
oriolopranderet, Mat. Paris ; in iutroitit, quod
porticus vet orioliim appellatur, ibid. The
oriel was sometimes of considerable tlimensions
See a note in Waiton, i. 176.

ORIENT. The east. (^.-A^.)

ORIGINAL. Dear; beloved, line.

ORISE. To plane, or make smooth, ff'est.

ORR

OlJiSOX. A prayer.

When thai hade made Iheire oryison,
A voyce came fro heven down.
That alle men iiiyjt here ;
And seid, The suule of this synfulle wy5t
Is wonnen into heven bright.
To Jhesu lefe and dere.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 47.
ORISONT. The horizon. (A.-N.)
ORISSE. To prepare, or make ready.
ORL. The alder-tree, irest.
ORLI.iUNCE. Orleans. (.^.-A'.)
^ Redewyn, the claret, and the white,

With Teynt and .\lycaunt, in whom 1 delite ;
Wyn ryvers and wyn sake also,
Wyne of Langdoiie and of Odiaunre therto,
8englebere, and othir that is dwobile,
Which causilh the brayn of man to trouble.

MS. Raw!. C. 86.

ORLING. An ill-grown child. A'orth.
ORLINGS. The teeth of a comb.
ORLOGE. A clock, or dial. (^.-iV.)

Gelosye salle kepe the oi7»ye, and salle wakkyne
the other ladyse, and make thame arely to ryseand
go the wyUylyere to thaire servysse.

MS. Lincoiri A. i. 17, f. 375.

ORLOGER. A man who keeps clocks.
ORN. (1) Either. Sotnerset.
(2) To rnn ; to flow. (A.-S.)

He orn ajein him with grete joie.
And biclupca him and custe.

MS. Lnu,!. 108, f. 2.
ORNACY. Cultivated language.
ORNARY. Ordinary. Var. dial.
ORNATE. Adorned, (in/.)

The milke white swannes then strain'd in stile

sublime.
Of ornate verse, rich prose, and nervous rime.
In short, to tellen all, doth not behove,
Wheare Wellcome, sat weare powr'd in cuppe of love.
MS. Bib:. Reg. 17. B. xv.
ORNATELY. Regularly ; orderly.
ORN'DERN. Same as jandorn.'a. v.
ORNIFIED. Adorned. Oxon.
ORPED. Bold ; stout. The term is used by late
writers. It occurs in Golding's Ovid, aiid in
the Herrings Tale, 1598.

Houndes ther be the mhiche beth bolde and
orpede, and beth cleped bolde, for the! be bolde and
goode for the hert. MS. Boil. 546.

Oi-pedlich thou the bistere.
And thi lond thou fond to were.

.4rthouy and Merlin, p. 65.
Doukes, kinges and barouns,
Orped squiers and garsouns.

.4rthour and Merlin, p. 81.
That they wolle gete of here acorde
Sum orpid knyjte to sle this lorde.

Cower, MS. Soe. Jntiq. 134, f. 55.
ORPH ARION. A kind of musical instrument in

the form of a lute.
ORPINE. Yellow arsenic. " Orpine or arse-

nike," HoUyband's Diet. 1593.
ORR. A globular piece of wood used in playing

at doddart.
ORRI. A name for a dog. See MS. Bibl. Rcir.

7E. iv. f. 163.
ORROWER. Horror. Pr. Pan,.

.591

OST

ORSADY. Tinsel. See Arsedine.

ORTS. Scraps ; fragments, far. dial. It is a

common archaism.
ORUALE. The herb orpin.
ORUL. To have a longing for. West.
ORYBULLY. Terribly.

Heapperyd fulle orybully, but not as he dud before.
MS. Caiitab. Ff. ii. 38, f.52.
ORYELLE. The alder-tree. Pr.Parv
ORYNALLE. An urinal.

.Anon he askiid an orynalle schene.
And sawe theryii of kyngand quene.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 1,18.
ORYONS. The orient, or east.
Stonys of oryons gret plente,

II ir here aboule hir hed hit hong ;
She rode out over tliat lovely le,
A-while she blew, a-while she song.

MS. Cantab Ff. v. 48, f. 116,

ORYTHE. Aright. Arch. x.«. 357.
OSCHIVES. Bone.h.-indled knives.
OSEY. A kind of wine, mentioned in the Sqayr
of Lowe Degrt', 762 ; Harrison, p. 167 ; Nugie
Poeticic, p. 10; .MS. Morte Arthure, f.55.
Her land hath wine, fi.ret/. waxc, and graine
Figges, reysins, bony and cordoweyne.

Hoklmjt'a Xuviffutions, 1599, i. 189.

OSIARD. An osier-bed. Palsgrave.
OSKIN. An oxgang of land, which varies in

quantity in difl'ercnt places.
O-SLANTE. Aslant ; slanting.

His hand sleppid and slode o-j/rt^reone themayles.
Mf'rte .Arthure, M.f. Lincoln, f. 93.
OSMOND. A kind of iron. Manners and

Household Expences, p. 301.
OSNY. To forbode ; to predict. JTesf.
OSPREY. The sea-eagle. Palsgrave calls it

the ospring.
OSPRYXG. OtTspring.

I wolde that Bradmonde the kyng
vVere here with all his osprtjng.

MS Cantab. Ff. ii. 38. f. 109.
OSS. To offer, begin, attempt, or set about
anything ; to be setting out ; to recommend a
person to assist you. C/ies/i. Ray gives the
Chesliire proverb, " ossing comes to bossing."
Edgeworth, temp. Hen. VIII., uses to oss for
to prophesi/.
OSSELL. Perhaps. Yorish.
OSTAYLE. An inn, or lodging.

And in her place he loke his ostatjle,
Supposyng a lytill while ther to duelle.

MS. Laud. 410, f. .19.
Men taghtehym sone to hem weyl.
He come and toke ther hys ustei/l .

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 13.
O-STEDE. Instead.

The whyche, as the custum was,
Songe a balad o-stede of the masse.

MS. Cantab. Ff. I 8, f. 42,
OSTENTS. Appearances ; prodigies.

When ambitious Pyles, th' ostentiat pride
To dust shall fall, and in their ruins hide.

Randolph's Poems, 1643.
OSTERY. An inn. This word occurs in MS.
Addit. 11812, f. 12. The term osthome is
used in Yorkshire. Palsgrave has ostry.

OUM

50J

OSTILLER. An ostler. Vocab. MS.
OSTRECE. Austria. Heanie.
OSTREGIER. A falconer. This term was gene-
rally limited to a keeper of goshawks and
tercels. Ostringer occurs in Blount's Gloss.
p. 459, and Shakespeare has nstringer.
OSTRICH-BORDE. Wainscoting.
OSTYLMENT. Furniture. Quilibet ufensih
in domo, Aiiglice, ostylment of howse, MS.
BiW. Reg. 12B.i,f. 13.
OSTYRE. An ovster. Nominale MS.
OTE. Knows. [j.-S.)
OTEN. Often. Somerset.
OTHE. To swear. Still in use, according to
Moor's Suffolk Words, p. 258. " Adjurai-e, to
othe," MS. Egerton829, f. 17.
OTHER. Or ; either ; or else. {A.-S.)
OTHER-GATES. Otherways. North.
OTHER-SOME. Some other. A quaint but
pretty phrase of frequent occurrence. Otlier-
wheye, in some other place.

Some blasfemeiie liym and said, fy one h\-m that
distroyes; ami or;jej-507»(f saide, othire mene saved
he, bot hymselfe he may nntt helpe.

MS. Lincoln A.i. 17. f 183.
How she doth play the wether-cocke,

That turtle with every winde ;
To some she will be foolishe stout.
To vthersome as kinde.

G'nt'jyido flMrf Bnt-nardOy 1570.

OTHER- WHILE. Sometimes, far. dial.
Than dwellyd they to^edur same,
Wyth mekylle yoyeand game,

Therof they wantyd ryf^ht noght :
They went on hawkyiig be the rever.
And olher-ivhyle to take the dere.
Where that they gode thoght.

US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 80.
OTTOMITES. The Ottomans. S/iak.
OTTRE. To utter. Lydgate, p. 150.
OTWO. In two ; asunder. (A.-S.)
Al hem thoghte ihuy wuhie here slo.
For they clove here mouthe evyn otwo.

MS. Had. 1701, f. 11.
OTYRE. An otter. It is the translation of

lutricius in Nominale MS.
OU. How. MS. Digby 86.
OUCH. A jeweh " Ouche a jowell, bar/iie,''
Palsgrave ; " ouche for a bonnet, afficqnet,
ajicliet," ibid. The term seems to have been
sometimes applied to various ornaments.
Ofgyrdils and brovvchis, of owc/Hsand rynggis,
Pottys and pens and bullis for the fest of Nowell.
MS. Lat/d. 41S, f.97.
OUGHEN. To owe ; to possess, or own. (A.-S.)
A certain king, which, when he called his
servant? to accompt-i, had one brought to him
which ou^ht him ten thousand talents.

Becon's tVorks, p. 154.
Amaris he hight, that many a toune ought.
Prince was of Portingall, proudest in thought.

Roland, MS. Lansd. 388, f. 388.

OUGHT. Something suitable. Sussex.
OULE.

But ou7c on stok and stok on oule,

The more that a man defoule.

Oower, MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f. 08.
OUMER. The grayling fish Nortft.

OUT

OUNDE. (1) A kind of lace. (2) A curl.
Oundij, waving, curly, said of hair laid in
rolls. {A.-N.)

cloth of gold of tissue entered ounde the one with
the other, the ounrfeis warke wavyngeup and doune,
and all the borders as well trapper as other was
garded with letters of fine golde.

Hall, Henry rill. f. 79.

The hynder of hym was lyk purpure, and the tayle

was ownded overthwert with a colour reede as rose.

MS. Lincoln A.i. 17, f.39.

OUNFERD. Displeasure .'

To thi nejbour fore love of me,

To make debate ny dyscorde, "•

And thou dust me more ounferd.

Then tha3 thou weutust barefote in the strete.
MS. Dome 302, xv. Cent.
OUNGOD. Bad; wicked. (A.-S.)
OUNIN. A weak spoilt boy. North.
OUNSEL. The devil. From the old word
ounseli, wicked. " Ich were ounseli," MS.
Digby 86. (A.-S.)
OUPH. A fairy, or sprite. Shai.
OUR. (1) Hour.' Still in use.

There may areste me no pleasaunce.
And our he vui- 1 felegrevaunce.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 117-

(2) Anywhere. Weber.

(3) Over. Still in use. This would generally
be printed oi-re.

Hit was leid oure a broke,
Therto no man hede toke ;
Oure a streme of watur dene.
Hit servyd as a brygge I wene.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 30.

(4) A term implying relationship. Our Thomas,
Thomas belonging to our family, far. dial.

OURN. Ours. far. dial.
OURY'. Dirty ; ill-looking ; untidy. Line.
OUSE. The liquor in a tanner's vat.
OUSEL. The blackbird.

House-doves are white, and outels blackebirds bee.
Yet what a difference in the taste we see ?

The Affectionate Shepheard, 1594.
OUSEN. Oxen. North.
OUSET. A few smaU cottages together, like a
Highland clachan. The word is originally
oustead, one-stead, i. e. one farmhouse and its
appurtenances standing solus, all alone by
it self, and no other one near it. North.
OUST. To turn out. Var. dial.
OUT. (1) Away ! It is often an exclamation of
disa))pointment. (A.-S.) Out, alas .' occurs
in Shakespeare.
The gentill prynce and his pepull to London did passe.
Into the cite he enteryd with a company of men and

trew.
For the wiehe his enmys cryed, Owte and alas !
Thayrered colowruschaungid to palehewe;
Th.inne thenobyll prynce began werkys new.
He toke prisoners a kyng and a clerke, loo.
How the will of God in every thynge is doo !

MS. fliW. R'g. 17 D. XV.

(2) Full ; completely. Tempest, i. 2. Still in
use, Heref. Gl. p. 76.

(3) An excursion of pleasiu-e.

(i)Out o'cry, out of measure. See the Comedy
of Patient Grissel, p. 20. Out of heart, worn
out, appUed to land ; down-hearted, to a man,

OUT

593

OUT

Out at heels, out at the elbows, verr shabbilv
dressed. Out at ley, said of cattle Veediug in
hired pastures. Out of hand, immediately,
without delay. Out of temper, too hot or too
cold. Out of the way, estravagant, uncommon.
Te be at outs, to quarrel. To make no outs
of a person, not to understand him.
OUTAMY. To injure, or hurt .'

Ac the helm was so hard y-wrojt.
That he mijt outamy him nojt
Wyth no dynl of swerde.

MS. A'limole, 33, f. 49.
OUT-AXD-OUT. Throughout ; entirely ; com-
pletely. Out-and-outer, a slang phrase im-
plying anything supremely Cicellent.
The kyng was good alle aboute,
And she was wyckyd oittfj and oute.
For she was of suche comforte,
She lovyd mene ondirher lordc.

MS. Witolinson C. 86. I
OUTAS. (1) The octaves of a feast.
(2) A tumult, or u\>Toar. Nominale MS.
OUT-.A.SKED. On the third time of pubhcation,
the couple are said to be out-asked, that is,
the asking is out or over. Used in the South-
East of England.
OtT-BE.\E. To hear one out ; to support one

in anything. Pahyrave.
OUT-BORN. Removed. {A.-S.)
OLT-BY. A short distance from home.
OLT-CAST. The refuse of corn. Pr. Parv.
It is explained in Salop. Antiq. p. 524, " the
overplus gained by maltsters between a bushel
of barley, and the same when converted into
malt."
OUT-CATCH. To overtake. North.
OUT-CEPT. To except. Palsgrave.
OUTCOME. A going out. It occurs in JIS.

Cotton. Vespas. D. vii.

OUT-COMLI\G. A stranger. Lane.

OUT-CORXER. A secret or obscure corner.

•' An out-noolce in a towne where poore folk as

dwell," Florio, p. ft/. Out-place, Palsgrave.

OUT-CRY. An auction. An auctioneer was

called an out-crier.
OUT-DOXE. Undone.

A. supper was drest, the king was a guest.
But he thought 'twould have outdone hira.

Rxibin Hnod, ii. 169.
OUT-DOOR-WORK, field-work. West. Also

called outen-wor/t.
OUTELICHE. Utterly; entirely.
OUTEX. Strange; foreign. O'utener, anon-
resident, a foreigner. Line.
OUTENIME. To dehver. U.S.)
OUT-FALL. A quarrel. North.
OUT-FARIXG. Lving without. Somerset.
OUTGAXG. A road. North.
OUT-GO. To go faster, or beat any one in

walking or riding.
OUT-HAWL. To clean out. Suffoli.
OUTHEES. Outcrj-. (Med. Lat.)
OUTHER. Either. Still in use.

Andjyf y were de yn ..iKfter weilde,
Hys preyer shulde for me be herde.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. Jli. I
II.

For outher it wille falle on the umbrc toward or
on theumbre froward. MS.Sioatie 213.

OUTHOLD. To hold out ; to resist.

OUT-HORXE. An outlaw.

OUTIXG. (I) A feast given to his friends by an
apprentice, at the end of his apprenticeship :
when he is out of his time. In some parts of
the kingdom, this ceremony is termed by an
apprentice and his friends burj'ing his wife.
Line.

(2) An airing, far. dial.

(3) An evacuation, or letting-out. North.
OUTLAY'. Expenditure. Var. dial.
OUTLER. An animal not housed. North.
CUTLERS. Out-standing debts. Yorksh.
OUT-LESE. The privilege of turning cattle

out to feed on commons. North.
OUT-LESS. Unless. Yorksh.
OUTXER. A stranger. North.
OUT-OF. ■Without.

Neither can anything please God that we do, ifit
be done mit-uf charity. Becuti'i Works, p. 154.

OUTPARTERS. Thieves.
OUT-PUT. To cast out. (A.-S.)
OUTRAGE. Violence. (^...V.)
OUTR.\IE. To injure ; to ruin ; to destroy.
(A.-N.) Palsgrave explains it, to " do sonie
outrage or extreme hurt."
Sir .\rthure, thyneenmy, has otvlerasede thi lordez,
That rode for the rescowe of ;one riche knyghttej,

Morle Arthure, MS. Lincoln, t. "4.

OUTRAKE. An out-ride or expecUtion. To
raik, in Scottish, is to go fast. Outrake is a
common term among shepherds. AVhen their
sheep have a free passage from inclosed pas-
tures into open and airy grounds they call it
a good outrake. Percy.
OUTRAXCE. Confusion. (A.-N.-)
OUTRE-CUIDAXCE. Pride. {Fr.)
OUT-REDE. To surpass in counsel. (A.-S.)
OUTRELY. Utteriy. (A.-N.)
OUT-RIDERS. (1) Bailiffs errant, employed by
the sheriffs to summon persons to the courts.
See Blount's Law Dictionary-, in v.
(2) Highwaymen. Somerset. '
OUT-ROP. A public auction. North. " An

out-cry or outrope," HoweU, 1660.
OUTSCHETHE. To draw out a sword.
OUTSCHOXXE. To pluck out. (A.-S.)
OUTSETTER. An emigrant. Yorksh.
OUT-SHIFTS. The ou'iskirts. East.

And poore schollers and souldiers wander in backe

Ijncs, and the oni-shiftes of the citie, with never a

rag to their backes. Sash't Pierce Pennilease, 1592.

OUTSHOT. A. projection of the upper stories

in an old house. North. Hence outshot-

window.

OUTSIDE. (1) At the most. Var. dial.

(2) Lonely; solitary; retired. North. In

Dorsetsliire it is outstep.
OUTSTEP. Unless.

My son's in Dybell here, in Tapcrdochy, i'tha
gaol, for peeping into another man's purse; and,
outstep the king be miserable, he's like to totter.

Heywood'a Edward li'. p. 73.
OUT-TAKE. To dehver. (^.-5.)

38

OVE

594

OYE

OUT-TAKEN. Taken out; excepted. Oul-
taie. except, is also common. It occurs
several times in Lydgate.

Bot he my;te nojte wynne over, the water was so
depe and so brade, bot if it had bene in the monethe
of July and Auguste ; and also it was fulle of ypo-
taynes and scorpyones, and cocadrilles, out-takene in
the forsaid monethes. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 31-
Alle that y have y graunt the
Otvttahe my wyfe.

MS. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 96.

OUTWALE. Refuse, \orlh.

OUTWARD. .\n outside. Shai.

OUTWERINGNES. .\l)iise. (J.-S.)

OUT-WIN'DERS. Bow-vrindows. South.

OUT-WRIGHE. To discover. (J.-S.)

OUZE. Mud. StUl in use.

To voyage his large empire, as secure
As in the safest uuze, where they assure
Themselves at rest.

HeywoofTs Marriage Tyittmphe, 1613.

0U3TE. Aught; anj-thing.

But that thynge may y not embrace
For ou-^te that y can speke or doo.

Gou-er, MS. Soc. Artliq. 134, f. 46.
Hou faryth that noble clerk.
That raekyl can on Goddys werk,
Knowest thou oujt hys state ?
And come thou ou^t be the eerl off Stane,
That wurthy lord in hys wane,
Wente thou ony that g.ite ?

Romance n/ .4thelston,

OVEN. (l)The following proverb is given by Ray,

and is still in use.
A suspicious ill liver, for the wife would never

have sought her daughter in the oven unlesse she

herselfe hail beene there in former times.

The Man in the Movne, 1609, sig. F. iii.
(2) A great mouth. lor. dial.
OVEN-BIRD. The long-tailed titmouse. It's

nest is called an oven's-nest.
OATENED. Sickly; shrivelled. Lino.
OVEN-RUBBER. A pole used for stirring the

fire in a large oven.
OVER. (1) Compared with. West.

( 2) Upper. Still in use.

(3) Above ; besides ; beyond. (J.-S.)
,4) To recover ; to get over. North.

(5) Important ; material. Ermoor.

(6) Too. Sir Perceval, 1956.

(7) To put one over the door, to turn him out.
Ofer the left, disappointed.

OVERAIGNES. Gutters.
OVER-ALL. Everj-where.
OVERANENT. Opposite. Var. dial.
OVERBLOW. To blow hard. C/jraA.
OVERBOD. Remained or lived after. (A.-S.)
OVER-BODIED. Wlien a new upper part is

put to an old gown. Lane.
OVER-BUY. To give more for anything than

it is really worth.
OVER-CLOVER. A boy's game, so called in

Oxfordshire, the same as B'arner, q. v. They

have a song used in the game, commencing,
" Over clover.
Nine times over."

OVER-CR.'VPPID. Surfeited. Devon.

OVERCROW. To triumph over; to sustain.
" Laboured with tooth and naile to overcrow "
Holinshed, Chron. Ireland, p. 82.
OVER-DREEP. To overshadow.

The aspiring nettles, with their shadie tops, shall
no longer over-dreep the best hearbs, or keep them
from the smiling aspect of thesunne, that live and
thrive by comfortable beames.

Nash's Piei-ce Pennileese, 1592.
O^TIRE. Shore. (A.-S.) Jennings has overs,
the perpendicular edge, usually covered with
grass, on the sides of salt-water rivers.
For michulle hongur, I undurstonde.
She come out of Sexlonde,
And rived here at Dovere,
That stondes upon the sees overe.

MS. Cantah. Ft. v. 48, f. 9fi.

0\'ERESTE. Uppermost. (.^.-S.)
.\n appille overeMe lay on lofte.
There the poyson was in dighte.

MS. Har-I. 22,'i2, f. 98.
0^'ERFACE. To cheat. Somerset.
0VER-F.\RE. To go over. It occurs in MS.

Cotton. Vespas. D. vii.
OVER-FLOWN. Intoxicated.
OVER-FLUSH. An overplus. East.
OVER-FRET. Made into fretwork.
Scho come in a velvet.
With white perle orerfret.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 133.

OVERG.\NGER. One who escapes.

By Jacob in haly writt es undirstande ane over--
ganger of synnes. M.S. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. 224.

OVERGET. To overtake. Var. dial. It occurs

in Palsgrave, 1530.
OVERGETII. Passed over.
The tyme of jeris overgeth
That he was a man of brede and lengthe.

Goiter, MS. Soc. Jnlig. 134, f. 9".
OVERGIVE. (1) To ferment. (2) To thaw.

East.
OVER-GO. To pass over. (A.-S.) It is here
used for the part. pa.

As I went this undyre tyde.
To pley me be myn orcherd syde,
I fell on slepe all-be-dene.
Under an ympe upone the grene;
My meydens durst me not wake,
Bot lete me lyje and slepe uke,
Tyll that the tyme over-passyd so.
That the undryne was orer-go.

MS. .-(s'.nioJe 61 , XV. Cent.
0\^R-HAND. The upper-hand. North.

Thurghe the hetpe of our goddis, he schaltehafe
the over-hande of alle joure neghlebours, and^uur
name schalle spred over alle the werlde.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. .1.
He sent us never no schame ne schenchipe in erthe,
Bot ever jit the over-hande of alle other kynges.

Morte .4rthure, .VS. Lincoln, f . OK.

0\T:RIIED. a cut given over the head in

fencing. Kvng Alisaunder, 7396.
OVERIIERRE. Superior. (A.-S.)

Spaynardi.<s also that withoute doute bothe in

nombre of peple and strengthe of bodies of olde

tyme have ben oure orerherre.

Fegecius, MS. Douce 291 , f. 5.
OVERHEW. To overgrow and overpower, as

strong plants do weak ones. East,
OVER-HIE. To overtake. North.

OVE

595

OWE

OVER-HILT. Covered over. (^.-5.)
OVER-HIP. To hop, or pass over.
OVER-HOPE. Sanguineness. (.-/.-S.)
On ys presumpcion of herte bold.
That ys overhope on VDglische told.

lis. BiM. 48, f. 123.
OVER. HOUSE-MEN. Small wire drawers.
OVERIXG Passing over. Var. dial.
OVERIST-WERKE. Tiie cleresiorj-.
He beheld the werke full wele.
The oveiyst-weikg above the walle
Gane schyne as doth the crystalle.
.A huiidreth lyreles he saw full stout.
So godly thei wer bateyled aboute.

its. .^islnuoie 61, xv. Cent.
OVER-KEEP. Good living. Var. dial.
OVERL.\ND. X roofless tenement. Overland-
farm, a parcel of laud without a house to it.
DfiroTi.
OVERLAYER. A piece of wood used to place
the sieve on, after wasliing the ore in a vat.
Derb. A mining term.
OVER-LEDE. To oppress. Lydgate.
OVERLIGHT. To alight, or descend. West.
OVERLING. Ruler ; master.

I have made a kcpare, a knyghte of thyu awene,
Overlyng of Yngtaude undyre lhyS'_-hene.

Morte .-Irthurft MS. Lincoln, f. Gil.
OVER-Lr\"E. To outlive. (./.-^.^
OVERLOOKED. Bewitched'. n>j7. The term

occurs in Shakespeare.
OVERLY. (1) SUght ; superficial. Sometimes
an adverb. " I will doe it, hut it shal be
overly done, or to be ridden of it," HoUyband's
Dictionarie, 1593. " Thou doest l\\n overlie,
or onely for an outward shewe," Baret, 1580.
He prayeth but with an orerli/ desire, and not
from the deep of his heart, that will not bend his
endeavours withal to obtain what he desireth : or
rather indeed he prayeth not at all.

Sa/itierson's Se;tno«.?, 1689, p. 51.
(2) To oppress. Overlie, oppressively, Stani-

hurst's Ireland, p. 22.
OVERMASTE. Overgreat. (.-J.-S.)
Gye was oon of the twelve,
Overmaste he sate be hymselve.

irs. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 215.
0^^:RMASTER. To overcome one.
OVER-ME.\SURE. One in twenty given over

and above in the sale of corn.
OVERNOME. Overtaken. {A.-S.)
OVER-PEER. To overhang. iAaX-. It occurs

in Cotgrave, in v. Xayeoire.
OVER-QU.ALLE. Be destroyed. (A.-S.)
That 3ere whete shalbe over alle ;
Ther shalle mony childur over-qitalle.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 77.

OVER-RINNE. To overtake. (.-/.-S.)
OVER-RUN. To leave unfinished. West.
OVER-S.\IL. To project over, a term used by
bricklayers. North. " Ere I my malice cloake
or oversite," Du Bartas, p. 357, which seems
to be used in a similar sense.
OVERSCAPE. To escape.

Whiche for to counte is but a jape,
AsthjTige whiche thou myjte overscape.

Cower, US. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 53.

OVER. SCUTCHED -HUSWIVES. Whores.

S/ial. " An overswitcht hotiswife, a loose
wanton slut, a whore," Kennett, MS.
OVERSE. To overlook. Palsgrave.

That he should riile, I'versi, and correct the ma-
ners and condicions of the people.

Hull, 1548, Hen. V.{.\.

OVERSEEN. (1) Mistaken; deceived. West.

It occurs in Palsgrave.
(2) Tipsy. " Well uigh whittled, almost drunke,
somewhat oterseene," Cotgrave. See Thorns'
Anecd. and Trad. p. 54.
OVERSEER. (1) An overlooker frequently ap-
pointed in old wills. Sometimes the exe-
cutor was so called. According to .MS. Harl.
3038, " too secuturs and an overseere make
thre theves."
(2) A man in the pillon'.
OVERSET. To overcome. Stffl in use.
OVERSHOOT. To get intoxicated.
OVERSLEY'. The lintel of a door.
0^■ER-STOCKS. Upper-stockings. Barel.
OVER-STORY. The clerestory.
OVERTAKE.

Summe of hem began to strife,
Gret overtake for to dryfe.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 13.
OVERTAKEN. Intoxicated.
OVERTE. Open. (.V.-.V)
OVERTHROWE. To fall down. {A.-S.)
OVERTIIWART. Across ; over against. (AS.)
As an adjective, cross, contrarv-, contradic-
torj-, perverse, opposite. It is sometimes a
verb, to wrangle.

That strekes the nekes out als the hert,
And als ane hors of prys that lokes overwhert.

MS. Harl. 2260.
He thawght his hart so overthicart.

His wysdom was so suer-a.
That nature could not frame by art

A bewty hym to lure-a. MS. Ashmole 48, f. 120,
OVER-TIMELICHE. Too early. {A.-S.)
OVER-WELTED. Overturned. North. We

have over-iralt, overcome, in Svr Gawavne.
OVERWE.MBLE. To overturn. ' Serfs.
OVER-WHILE. Sometimes ; at length.
OVER-WORN. Quite worn out. Bait.
OVER-YEAR. BuUocks which are not finished
at tlu-ee years old, if home-breds, or the first
winter after buying, if purchased, but are
kept through the ensuing summer to be fatted
the next winter, are said to be kept over-year,
and are termed over-year buUocks. Norfolk.
OVVIS. The eaves of a house. Devon.
OW. You. Still in use in Yorkshire.
OWE. To own ; to possess.

.\h, good young daughter, I may call thee so.
For thou art like a daughter I did oxve.

Chron. Hist, of King Leir, 1605.
U hen Charles the fifth went with his armye into
AfTrique and ahved at Larghera, a noble citty of
Sardinia, there happened an exceeding great wonder,
for an oxe brought forth a calfe with two heades, and
the woman that did otce the oxe, presented the
calfe to the Emperor.

ToptelFt Four-Footed Beasts, 1607, p. 9U.
OWENNE. Own. (A.-S.)

To lese myne owenne lyfe therfore.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- 116.

OWY

596

03T

OWERE. An ewer. " Basyne and owere,"

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 135.
OWllEKE. Anywhere. (^.-5.)
The hejest hille that was owhore.
The flood overpassed seven ellen and more.

Cursor Mimdi, US. CnLl. Trin. Cantab. S. 12.
Ajen langouTe the beste medicyne
In alle this world that owhere may be founde.

hydgnle, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 21.
For thngh y be bryghte of blee.
The fayrest man that ys owghtivhare.

MS- Cantab. Ff. li. 38, f. 19.
Wist ich (nchar ani bacheler,
Vigrous and of might cler.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 244.

OWL. (1) A moth. Susse.T.

(2) To take owl, to be otTended, to take amiss.
/ live too near a wood to defrifftiteiieti bi/ an
owl, I understand matters too well to he
alarmed by you. To walk by owl-light, to skulk
for fear of being arrested.

(3) A kind of game so called is mentioned by
Howell, Lex. Tet. 1660, sect. 28.

(4) Wool. North.

(5) To go prving about. West.
OWLER. (1) The alder-tree. North.

(2) .K smuggler. South. Kennett says, " those
who transport wool into France contrary to
the prohibition are called owlers."
OWLERT. An owl. Salop.
OWLGULLER. To piT about. Suffolk.
OWLISTHEDE. Idleness.
OWL'S-CROWN. Wood cudweed. Norf.
OWLY. Half stupid ; tired. Suffolk.
OWMAWTINE. To swoon.
OWMLIS. The umbles of a deer. This occurs

in Nominate MS.
OWN. To acknowledge. Var. dial.
OWRE. An hour. North.

Aftur mete a longe owre
Gye went with theemperowre.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 173.
OWRISH. Soft ; wet ; marshy. Line.
OWSE. Anything. North.
OWTED. Put away.

Thee night with brightnes is aivted.

Stanyhursfs Virgil, 1583, p. 20.

OWTTANE. Taken out. {J.-S.)

Sex cases thare are owttane,

That nane assoyles bot the pape allane.

Hampiite, MS. Bowes, p. 5.
0WT-3ETTEDE. Scattered out. " Oyle owt-
;ettede es thi name," MS. Lincoln A. i. 17,
f. 192. (./.-S.)
OWUNE. An oven. Devon.

Tak the a hate lafe as it comes owt of the owunf,

and mak soppes of the crommes in gude rede wyne.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 292.

OWYTH. Ought. (.•/..«.)

He wts bothe meke and mylde, as a gode chylde
owyth to Oee. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 51.

OX-BOW. The how of wood that goes around

the neck of an ox. Still in use.
OXENFORDE. Oxford.

Away rode the abbot all sad at that word.
And he rode to Cambridge, and Oxenford ;
But never a doctor there was so wise.
That could with his learning an answer devise.

King John and the Abbot of Canterbury.

OXEY. Of mature age. Glouc.

OX-EYE. The larger titmouse. North.

OX-FEET, (in ahorse) is when the horn of the
hind-foot cleaves just in the very middle of
tlie fore part of the hoof from the coronet to
the shoe : they are not common, but very
troublesome, and often make a horse halt.

OX-HOUSE. Anox-staU. E.rmoor. It occurs
in Nominale MS.

OXLIP. The greater cowslip, far. dial.

OX-SKIN. A hide of land.

Fabian, a chronogapher, writing of the Con-
querour, sets downe in the history thereof another
kinde of measure, very necessary for all men to un-
derstand ; foure akers (saith he) make a yard of
land, five yards of land contain a hide, and 8 hides
make a knights fee, which by his conjecture is so
much as one plough can well till in a yeare ; in
Yorkeshire and other comUrics they call a hide an
oie-shinne. Hopion's Barultim Geodteticlim, 4to. 1614.

OXT. Perplexed. Jl'arw.

OXTER. The armpit. North.

OXY. Wet ; soft ; spuugy. It is generally ap

plied to land. South.
OYAN. Again. (.V.-S.)

Thai seghen all the wonded man.
And leved hem wel, and wenl oi/an.

The Sevi/n Sages, 1348.
OY'E. A grandchild. North.
0-YES. For oijez, the usual exclamation of a

crier. Shak.
OY'INGE. Y'awniing ; gaping. Weber.
0YNE50NES. Onions. This occurs in a receipt
in MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f 295. Oynone.
Nominale MS.
OYS. Use ; nature.

Alswa here es fnrbodene alle maner of wilfulle
pollusyone procurede one any maner agaynes
kyndly oys, or other gates.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 196
OYSE. To use.

For a man excuses noght hys unconnyng,
That hys wytte nyses noght in leerenyng.

Hnmpole, MS. Bmi-rs, p. 16.

And tharefore.sene Godd hymselfe made it, than

awe it maste of alle othire orysones to be oyaede in

alle haly kyrke. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f 209.

OYSTER. An oyster of veal is the blade-bone

dressed with the meat on.
OYSTERLY. A kind of green plum, ripening

in August. MS. Ashmolc 1461.
03T. Out ; completely.

And when the halle was rayed ojr.
The scheperde lokid al aboute.

MS. Omtab. Ff. v. 48, f. 34.

PAC

597

PAD

PTo mind one's P's and Q's, i. e. to be very
. careful in behaviour.
PACADILE. A kind of collar put about a man
or woman's neck to support and bear up the
band or gorget. See Piccadel.
PACE. (1) To parse verbs. Lilly.

(2) .A herd or company of asses.

(3) To pass away ; to surpass. (^.-jV.)

(4) In architecture, a broad step or any slightly
raised stone above a level. See Britton.

PACE-EGGS. Eggs boiled hard and dyed or
stained various colours, given to children
about the time of Easter. A custom of great
antiquity among various nations, and still in
vogue in the North of England.

PACEGARDES. Part of ancient armour, men-
tioned in Hall's Union, 1548, Hen. lY. f. 12.

PACEMENT. Peace ; quietness.

P.4.CK. (1) A dairyof cows. Cliesh. Properly,
a flock of any animals.

(2) A heap, or quantity. Var. dial.

He lefte slayne in a slake
Teue score in a pakke.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 131.

(3) A term of reproach, generally applied to a
woman. " A whore, queane, punke, drab,
flurt, strumpet, harlot, cockatrice, naughty
pack, light huswife, common hackney," Cot-
grave. See Naughly-pack.

(4) A measure of coals, containing about three
Winchester bushels.

(5) A pedlar's bundle. Var. dial.

(6) To collect together, to combine, especially
for an imlawful or seditious purpose. Packs,
agreements, combinations, Harrison's Eng-
land, p. 246.

(7) Pack and Penny Day, the last day of a fair,
when bargains are usually sold.

(8) To truss, or till up. North.
PACKERS. Persons employed in barrelling or

packing up herrines.

PACKET. (1) A false report. Var. dial.

(2) Any horse-pannel to carry packs or bundles
upon. Chesh.

PACK-G.ATE. A gate on ^pack-way, q. v.

PACKING. To go packing, to go away about
one's business. Var. dial. " Make speede
to flee, be packing and awaie," Baret's Al-
vearie, 15S0.

PACKING-WHITES. A kind of cloth.

PACKMAN. A pedlar. Var. dial.

PACK-MONDAY. The first Monday after the
10th of October.

PACK-PAPER. Paper used for packing trades-
men's wares in, &:c.

PACK-RAG-DAY. Old May-day: so called
because servants being hired in this county
from Old May-day to Old May-day, pack up
their rags or clothes on this day preparatorj-
to leaving their then servitudes for home or
fresh places. Line. Forby gives the term to
Old ^Iichaelmas-dav.

PACK-STAFF. A pedlar's stafl', on which he
carried his pack. " As plain as a pack-staff"
was a proverbial simile. We now say pike-

staff. It was also a term of contempt. Thus
aerunna is translated " a/)ac>i:-.?^a^miser>-"
in Welde's Janua Linguarum, 1615.
PACK-THREAD. To talk pack-thread, to use

indecent lancuage well wTapped up.
PACK-THRE.\D-GANG. A gang that would
not hold long together, some of whom might
be induced by a reward to split upon the
others. Line.
PACK-WAY. A narrow way by which goods
could be conveyed only on pack-horses. East.
P.iCKY. Heavy with clouds packed together :
thus they say before a thunderstorm, " It
lookspac^y." Line.
PACOBI. .V kind of wine, so called from some

sort of Brazilian fruit.
PACOLET'S-HORSE. An enchanted steed be-
longing to Pacolet. in the old romance of
Valentine and Orson. He is frequently al-
luded to by early writers.
PACTION. Combination ; contract.
Since with the soule we in soft pacti.n bee.
These sounils, sights, smels, or tastes, can nere please

mee ;
Mysoule is fled, no more in me't can move,
Alas! my soule is only where I love.

Ti/rocinitlm Pm'teo-^, Rawl. MS.

PAD. (1) A path. Line. In canting language,
the highway was and is so called.

(2) .\ quire of blotting-paper, used in ofiices for
clerks to write on. Var. dial.

(3) \ pannier. Norf.

(4) .i pad in the straw, something wrong, a
screw loose. " Here lyes in dede the ])adde
within the strawe," Collier's Old Ballads, p.
108. Still in use.

(5) .\ kind of brewing tub. Devon.

(6) To make a path by walkiug on an untracked
surface. East.

(7) To go ; to walk. Var. dial. Especially
spoken of a child's toddling.

(8 ) The foot of a fox. / ar. dial.

(9) .\ sort of saddle on which country-market
women commonly ride, difl"erent both from the
pack-saddle and side-saddle, of a clumsy make,
and as it were padded and quilted ; used like-
wise by millers and maltsters.

(10) " A burthen fit either for a person on foot,
or to carry behind upon a pad-nag ; item a
pad of yarn, a certain quantity of skains made
in a bundle ; a pad of wool, a small pack such
as clothiers and serge-makers carry to a spin-
ning-house," MS. Devon Gl.

PADDER. A footpad.
PADDINGTON-FAIR. An execution. Tyburn

is in the parish of Paddington.
PADDLE. (1) A small spade to clean a plough

with. IVest.

(2) To lead a child. \orlA.

(3) To abuse any one. Exmoor.

(4) To toddle ; to trample. East.

(5) " To paddle, proprie aquam manibus pedi-
busque agitare, metaphorice adbibcre plus
paulo; to have paddled, to have made a little
too free with strong liijuor; to paddle eliam
designat molliter niauibus tractare aliquid et

PAG

598

PAI

agitare, as to paddle in a ladies neck or
]>osotn," MS. Devon Glossary.
PADDLE-STAFF. A long staff, with an iron
spike at the end of it, like a small spade, much
used by mole-catchers.
PADDLING-STRINGS. Leading strings. North.
PADDOCK. A toad. In the provinces the
term is also ajjplicd to a frog. " In Kent we
say to a child, your hands are as cold as a
paddock," MS. Lansd. 1033. To bring had-
dock to paddock, i. e. to outrnn one's ex-
penses. It is used as a terra of contempt in
the following passage :
Boys now bUtbcryii bostynge of a baron bad,

In Bedlem is born be bestys, suche best is blowe;
1 xa! prune that p(i<lti<ik and prevyn hym as a pad,
Schcldys and sperys shalle I there sowe.

Coventti/ Mitateries, p. 164.
PADDOCK-CllESE. The asparagus. This
name occurs in an ancient list of plants in
MS. Bib. Soc.Anticj. 101, f. 89.
PADDOCK-RUD. The spawn of frogs. Cumb.
PADDOCK-STOOL. A toadstool. North.
PADDY. Worraeatcn. Kent.
PADDY-NODDY. Embarrassment. North.
PAD-FOOIT. A kind of goblin. Yorksh.
PAD-LAND. A parish pound. Dei'on.
P.\D-NAG. " I immediately form'da resolution
of following the fashion of taking the air early
next morning ; and fix'd upon this young ass
for a fiad-iioi/," Life of Mrs. Charke.
PADOWE. Padua. Warkworth, p. 5.
He set hym up and sawe their biside
A sad man, in whom is no pride,
Right a discrete confessour, as I trow.
His name was called sir John Doclow ;
He had conimensed in many a worthier place
Then ever was Paduw, or Boleyn de Grace.

MS. Rawl. C. 86.
PADSTOOL. A toadstool. North.

Hermolaus also writeth this of the Lycurium,
that it groweth in a certaine stone, and that it is a
kind of mushrom, or ptttistoolr, wiiich is cut olf
yearely, and that another groweth in the roume of
it, a part of the roote or foot being left in the
stone, growetli as hard as a flint, and thus doth the
stone encrease with a naturall fecundity ; which ad-
mirable thing (saith he) I could never be brought to
beleeve, until! I did eate thereof in myne owne
house. Topsell's Beasts, I6U7, p. 494.

PAD-THE-HOOF. To walk. North.

PAE. A peacock. Hitmn.

PAFFELDEN. Baggage. Cumb.

PAFFLING. Trifling ; idle ; silly. North.

PAG. To carry pick-a-back. Line.

PAGAMENT. A kind of frieze cloth.

PAGE. The common and almost only name of
a shepherd's servant, whether boy or man. It
is, I believe, extensively used through Suffolk,
and probably farther. As an appendage of
royalty or nobility, a page is now chiefly known
to us. In old English, the term is applied to
a boy-child, or boy-servant.

PAGENCY. A scaffold. The term pageant was
originally soused, and mctai)horically applied
to a part in the stage of life. Payion, a pageant,
Mislortuncs of Arthur, p. 61.

PAGETEPOOS. Efts i lizards ; frogs. Cornw.

PAGYIN. M'riting ?

This boke of alle haly writes es mast usede in
haly kirke servyse, forthi that it es perfeccioun of
divyne pujvi". MS. Coll. Eton. 10, f. 1.

PAID. (1) A sore. Staff.
(2) Drunk ; intoxicated.
PAIDE. Pleased ; satisfied. (J.-N.)
Soexcusyd he hymtho,
The lady wende hyt had byn soo

As Syr Marrokk sayde.
He goth forthe and holdyth hys pese.
More he Ihenkyth then he says.
He was fulle evylle pniide,

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 72.
PAIGLE. The cowslip. Ea.'it.

The yellow marigold, the sunnes owne flower,
Pagle, and pinke, that decke faire Floraes bower.

Hal/wood's Marriage Triumphe^ 1613.
PAIK. To heat severely. North.
PAILLET. A couch. '(A.-N.)
PAIL-STAKE. A bough with branches, fixed
in the ground in the dairy-yai'd for hanging
pails on. Glouc.
PAIN-BALK. An instrument of torture, pro-

bablv the same as the Ijrake.
PAINCHES. Tripe. North.
PAINCHES-WAGGON. A north-country

phrase inijilying incessant labour.
PAINE-MAINE. A fine bread. " Payne mayne,
payn de bonche," Palsgrave.

Paynedemat/nes prevaly

Scho fett fra the pantry. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 133.
PAINFULLY. Laboriously, The French Alpha-
bet, 8vo. Lond. 1615, was, as we are told
on the title-page, "painfully gathered and set
in order."

Most happy we were, during our continuance
here, in the weekly sermons and almost frequent
converse of Mr. Edward Calamie, that was the
preacher of that parish ; and this indeed was one of
the chief motives that drew us thither to partake of
his painful ami pious preaching. MS. Hart. 646.

PAINING. Pain ; torture. {A..S.)
Tlier he saw many a sore torment,

Hnw sowlis were put in gret pat/ni/ng ;
He saw his fadur how he brent.

And be the memburs how he hyng.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. (17.
PAINT. To blush.

PAINTED-CLOTH. Cloth or canvass painted
in oil, a cheap substitute for tapestry. It was
frequently the receptacle of verses or mottos.
PAINTEK. ' The rope that lies in the ship's
longboat or barge, always ready to fasten her
or hale her on the shore. M'hence we have the
sea-proverb, /'// cut your painter, meaning I
wi;I prevent your doing me any hurt, injury,
or mischief. See Grose, in v.
PAINTICE. Penthouse. The shed where

blacksmiths shoe horses. Derby.
PAIR. (1) A number. Cornw.

(2) A pack of cards.

(3) To grow mouldy, as cheese. West.

(4) Only a pair of shears between them,i. c. little
or no difference.

And some report that both these fowles have seene
Their like, that's but a pai/re of sheeres belweene.

Taptor's Hoi Ires, 163U, I. lOS'

PA I RE. To impair. (W.-A".)

PAL

599

PAL

Hit was wel i-wroughte and faire,
Non cgge-tol mighte it nought paire.

Beves of Hampton, p. 40.

PAIRING. The name of a marriage feast in
Devon, when the friends of the happy conple
present them with various thing;s, and some-
times money. MS. Devon Glossary, p. 1/2. It
is now obsolete.

PAIR-OF-STAIRS. A flight of stairs.

PAIR-OF-\VINGS. Oars. Grose.

PAIR-OF-WOOD. Timber supporting the
broken roof of a mine.

PAIR-ROYAL. A term at cards, meaning three
of a sort. See Priai.

PAISE. (1) To weigh. {J.-N.)

Paise thy materes or thou deme or deceme,
Let ryghtin causes holde thy lanteme.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 129.

(2) To open a bolt or lock by shoving as witli a
knife point. Northnmb.

PAISFULIK. Peacefully. It occurs in MS.
Cotton. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 34.

PAISTER. " I comber, I payster with over
many clothes wearyng aboute one, jemmovjle"
Palsgrave. Pester ?

PAIT. The rut of a wheel. " Orbita, Anglice
a pavtt," Nominale MS.

PAITRICK. A partridge. North.

PAITRURE. Part of a horse's armour, for dc-
feniUng the neck.

PAIWURT. The herb saxifrage.

PAJOCK. Tliis word occurs in Hamlet, iii. 2,
altered by modem editors to peacock, a sub-
stitution by no means satisfactory, nor are far-
fetched etymological conjectures more so.
The nearest approach to the term I have met
with in old EngUsh is to be found in the word
paphawkes in the Coventry Mysteries, p. 179.
Both are used as terms of contempt.

PAKE. To peep at. " What are you paJdng at ?"
Perhaps it would be better spelt peak. Suffolk.

PALABRAS. Words. {Span.)

PALACE. A storehouse. Devon. " At Dart-
mouth I am told there are some of these
storehouses called palaces cut out of the rock
still retaining the name," MS. Devon Gloss.

PALASINS. Belonging to the court.

PAL.ATE. A thin oval plate or board with a
hole at one end for admittance of the thumb,
which a painter holds to spread and mix his
colours while he is drawing.

PALAVER. To (latter. Var. tlial.

PALCH. To walk slowly. Devon.

PALCIIIN. This word is of very unusual oc-
currence. It seems to mean a kind of short
spear such as is used for spearing large fish.
" Pawlchyne for fyssche, lunchus," Nominale
MS. Ducange explains lunchus as lancea,
hosto, from the Greek \oy\-oc. It does not
occur in the Prompt. Parv. nor in the Medulla.

PALCHING. Mending clothes. Exmoor.

PALE. (1) To beat bariey. Chesh.

^2) To ornament ; to stripe.

Palaisez proudlichc pyghtc, thatp«/vd ware rj'che
Of palleand of purjjure, wyth prccyous stones.

Morle .-Irtlmre, JUS. Lincoln, (.61.

(3) A ditch, or trench. (J.-S.) It occurs in
MS. Egerton 829, f.5.

(4) A small fortress.

(5) An inclosure for cattle. Line.

(6) A stripe in heraldrv.

(7) To make pale. (J.-X.)

(81 A limit or boundary. S/iaA:

(9) To leap the pale, i. e. to be extravagant, to
exceed one's expenses.

If you proceede as you have begunne, your full
fcedir>g wil make you leane, your drinking too
many hcalthes will take all health from you. your
leaping the pale will cause you lookc pale, your too
close following the fashion will bring you out of all
forme and fashion.

The Man in the Marine, 1609, sig. C. iv.

PALEIS. A palace. (.4..N.)

PALERON. Part of the annour. " A pece of

harnesse, ei^polhron, " Palsgrave.
PALESTRALL. Athletic. It occurs in Chau-
cer's Troilus and Creseide, v. 304.
PALET. Scull; head. " Knok tbi palet,"
Minot's Poems, p. 31. There was a kind of
armour for the head also so called, as appears
from Pr. Parv., probably hned \rith fur.
PALEW. Pale. It occurs in the Optick Glasse
of Humours, 10.59, p. 108.

It is somewhat fatty, in colour palew, reddish,
high coloured, and without other signes of concoction.
Fletcher's Differences, 1623
PALFREIS. Saddle-horses. Chaucer.
And wel a pate/re;/ bistride,
And wel upoua stede ride. Have/oit, 2il*io.
PALING. Imitating pales. {A.-N.)
PALINGMAN. A fishmonger. Skinner.
PALL. " I palle as drinke or hloode dotlie
by longe standyng in a thynge, je appnllys,"
Palsgrave. Still in use.
PALLADE. Palle, or rich cloth. " He dyd of

his suroote of pallade," Isenbras, 124.
PALL-COAT. A short garment, somewhat like

a short cloak with sleeves.
PALLE. A kind of fine cloth. It was used at
a very early period to cover corpses, and the
term is still retained for the cloth which
covers the coffin ; but this was by no means
its most general use, for the robes of persons
of rank are constantly mentioned as made of
" pur])ure palle ;" and in a passage in Launfal
tapestry of that material is mentioned. An
archbishop's pall is thus described by Stani-
hurst, p. 31 — " A pall is an indowraent appro-
priated to archbishops, made of white silke
the Ijrcadth of a stole, but it is of another
fashion.'' Descr. of Ireland, 1586.
So fere he went I sey i-wys,
That he wyst not where he was.
He that sate in boure and halle,
.And on hym were the purpulIpo/Ze,
Now in herd heth he ly;et.
With levys and gresse his body Lydyth.

Mii.Ashmole 61, XV. Cent.
For also wel to him hit falles
As a dongehulle sprad withpa//e*.

Its. Mdil. 10(136, f. 42.
This twaylle y-bordryd abou;t was
With palle, themountenesse of han hondbredc

Chron. Vilodun. p. 64.

PAL

600

PAL

PALLED. (1) Turned pale. Dnton.

(2) Senseless, cieatli-like, as one is from excessive
drinking. In use in Yorkshire.

l'.\LLEE. Broad; used only in conjunction
witliauotlier svord, aspallee-foof, a large broad
foot, pdllec-paw, a large broad liaud. Somerset

FALLEN. To knock. (A.-S.)

PALLESTRE. A child's ball. (A.-N.)

P.VLL-HORSE. X horse bearing a pannier.
" Sagmarius, Jnglice a palhors," Noraiuale
MS. f. 4. Ducange explains sagmarius by
equus cUteUnrms.

PALLIAMENT. A robe ; the white gown of a
Roman candidate. Shak.

P.\LL1.\RD. A born beggar. According to
the Frateruitye of Vacaliondes, 1575, " is be
that gocth in a patched cloke, and bys doxy
goeth in like apparell." Paliai-ill:e, dh-tiness
and shabbiness, Hamblet, 1008, p. 181 ;
Downfall of Robert, Earl of Huntington, p.
36. The following account of them is given
by a %vriter of the last century : — A cant name
for a wretched set of men and women, whose
whole delight is to live by iiegging, thieving,
&c. or any thing but honest industry, and who
to move compassion in the spectators, the
women go about with one, two, or more small
cliiUlren, in a dirty, ragged condition, who are
continually crying or making wry faces, as
though starved with hunger, and the women
making a lameutalile cry, or doleful tale, of
l)eiug a distressed widow, and almost starved,
&c. at the same time her male companion hes
begging in the fields, streets, &c. with cleymes
or artificial sores, made with spearwort or
arseuick, which draws them into blisters, or
by unslacked lime and soap, tempered with
the rust of old iron, which being spread upon
leather, and bound very bard to the leg,
presently so frets the skin, that the flesh ap-
pears raw, and shocking to the sight ; the
impostor at the same time making a hideous
noise, and pretending great pain, deceives the
compassionate, charitable, and well-disposed
passengers, whom, when opportunity presents,
he can recover his limbs to rob, and even
murder, if resisted.

PjVLLING. Languishing ; turning pale.

PALLIONES. Tents. Norlhiuuh.

PALL-MALL. A game, thus described by
Cotgravo, " A game wherein a round box
bowle is with a mallet strucke through a high
arch of yron (standing at either end of an ally
one) which he that can do at the fewest
blowes, or at the number agreed on, winnes."
See Mall {i). James L mentions ^;rt//p ?»rt;7/(-'
among the exercises to be used modcralely by
Prince Henry. " Pale jtia/l/e a game wherein
a round bowle is with a mallet struck through
a high arch of iron, standing at cither end of
an alley, which he that can do at the fewest
blows, or at the number agreed on, wins. This
game is used at the long alley near St. James's,
and vulgarly called Pell-Mell," Blount's Gloss.
ed. 1681, p. 4G3.

PALL-WORK. Rich or fine cloth, work made

of palle, q. v. See Degrevant, 629.
PALM. (1) Properly exotic trees of the tribe
palmacea ; but among our rustics, it means
the catkins of a delicate species of willow
gathered by them on Palm Sunday. " Palme,
theyelowethat growethonwyllowes, chatton,"
Palsgrave, 1530.
(2) The broad part of a deer's horn, when full
grown. (Gent. Rec.) Palmed-deer, a stag
of full growth.
PALM-BARLEY. A kind of barley fuller and

broader than common barley.
PALMER. (\) Pioperly, a pilgrim who had
visited the Holy Land, from the jialm or cross
which he bore as a sign of sucli visitation ;
but Chaucer seems to consider all pilgrims to
foreign parts as palmers, and the distinction
was never much attended to in this country.
Says John, if I must a begging go,

I will have a pahnei-'s weed,
With a statr.^ncl a coat, and bage of all sort.
The better then I may speed.

Rubin Hood, ii. 129.

(2) A wood-louse. " A worme having a great
many feete," IloUyband's Dictionarie, 1593.

(3) A stick or rod.

PALMING-DICE. A method of cheating at
dice, formerly iu vogue, by secreting one of
the dice in the palm of the band instead of
putting in the l)ox, and then causing it to fall
with the other, the number of the former of
course being guided by the band. Hence the
expression to palm anvthing upon one.

PALM-PLAY. Tennis.' {Fr.)

PALPABLE. " Apte or mete to be fclte, pal-
pable," Palsgrave. See Macbetli, ii. 1.

PALPED. Obscured ; darkened.

PALSTER. A pilgrim's staff.

P.VLTER. To hesitate ; to prevaricate. Lhxc.
" To haggle, hucke, dodge, or paulter long in
the Imying of a commoditie," Cotgrave. " Most
of tliem are fixed, and palter not their place
of standing," HaiTison's Engliind, p. 182.

PALTERLY. Paltrv. North.

P.\LTOCK. A kind' of doublet or cloak which
descended to the middle of the tliigh. {A.-N.)
Cotgrave explains palletoc, " a long and thicke
pelt or cassocke ; a garment like a short cloake
with sleeves, or such a one as the most of
our moderne pages are attired in." The paltock
was worn by ])riests. Piers Ploughman, p. 438 ;
and in the Morte d'Aithur, i. 149, Gawayne
says he attended Arthur " to poynte liis
paltockes that longen to hymself." Palsgrave
li.is, " paltocke of lether, pellice ; paltocke a
gaxment, halcret; paltocke apatche,^a;fe/c«?(."
Tlie second meaning apparently refers to some
defensive garment. Paltock seems also to
have been applied to some ornament or orna-
mental cap worn on the head of a person high
in authority.

PALTRING. A worthless trifle. " Triflings,
paltrings not worth im old shoe," Florio, p.
1 00. Forhv has paltry, rubbish, refuse.

PALVEISE. 'a shield. See Florio, p. 353.

PAN

601

PAN

PALY. A roU of bran such as is given to hounds.
" Paly of bryn, cantabrimi," Pr. Parv. " Can-
teirum, furfur caninum, quo canes pascuntur,"
Papias. See Ducange.
P.\LYNGE. Turning pale. (^.-A^.)
For in here face alwey was the btode,
Withoute pali/nge or eny drawynge doune.

Lydgate, MS Aahmule 39, f. 47-
For in hire face alwey was the blode,
Withoute palynge or any drawynge doun,

Jbiil. MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 8.
PAM. The knave of clubs.
PAME. (1) The mantle tlirown over an infant

who is going to be christened. West.
(2) The palm of the hand. West.
PAMENT. A pavement. Palsgrave, Square

paving bricks are called pamments in Norf.
PAMFILET. A pamphlet. (.^.-A'.)
PAM MY. Thick and gummy; applied to the
legs of such individuals as are at times said to
have beef down to the hocks. Line.
PAMPE. To pamper ; to coddle.
PAMPERING. "The craft of pampering or

setting out saleable things," Howell, 1660.
PAMPE STRIE. Pahnistry.
P.'i.MPILION. A coat of different colours, for-
merly worn by servants. It occurs with this
explanation in Hollyband's Dictionarie, 1593.
There was a kind of fur so called.
P.4MPINATI0N. PulUng leaves that grow too
thick. List of old words prefixed to Batman
uppon Bartholome, 1582.
PA.MPLE. (1) To indulge. North.
(2) To toddle, or pad about. East.
PAiMPRED. Pampered ; made plump.
P.\N. (1) To unite; to fit; to agree. Nortli.
Douce gives the following proverb in his MS.
Additions to Ray —

Weal and women cannot paM,
But wo and women can.

(2) Hard earth, because, like a pan, it holds
water and prevents it from sinking deeper.
Ea,st. Is this the meaning in Ben Jonsoa, v.43?

(3) The skull ; the head. (.J.-S.)

That he ne sraot his hed of thanne.
Whereof he tok awey the panne.

Cower, MS. Sac. .-tntiq. 134, f. 54.

(4) In houses, the pan is that piece of timber
which lies upon the top of the posts, and upon
which the beams rest.

(5) Money. A cant term.

^6) A tadpole, or frog. Somerset.

PANABLE. Likely to agree. North.

PANACHE. The plume of feathers on the top
of a helmet. (J.-N.)

PANA0E. A kind of two-edged knife. {A.-N.)
Misread pavade by Tyrwhitt. See Wright's
Anecdota Literaria, p. 24.

PANADO. A caudle of bread, Florio, p. 353.
Currants, mace, cinnamon, sack, and sugar,
with eggs, were added to complete the caudle.
There were ditferent ways of making it.
To make a Ponado.
The quantity you will malie set on in a posnet of
fair water ; when it boils put a mace in and a little
piece of cinnamon, and a handful of currans,
aod so much bread as you think meet ; so boil it,

and season It with sail, sugar and rose-water, and
so serve it.

A True Gentleuiomana Delight, Ih76, p. 74.
Another receipt, which differs somewhat from
this, may be worth giving.

To make Panado after the best fashion.
Take a quart of spring-water, which, being hot on
the fire, put into it slices of fine bread, as thin as
may be ; then add half a pound of currans, a quarter
of an ounce of mace ; boil them well, and then season
them with rose-water and fine sugar, and serve
them up.

Tfte Accomplished Ladies Rtch Closet, 17W, p. 74.
PANARY. A storehouse for bread.
PANCAKE-TUESDAY. Shrove-Tuesday, which
is a pancake feast day in all England. At Islip,
CO. 0.xon, the children of the cottagers go
round the vill.ige on that day to the different
houses to coUect pence, singmg these lines —
Pit-a-pat, the pan is hot.
We are come a-Shroving.
A little bit of bread and cheese
Is better than nothing.
The pan is hot; the pan is cold !
Is the fat in the pan nine days old ?
PANCHEON. A large broad pan. East.
PANCRIDGE. A common corruption of St.
Pancras. Pancridi/e parson, a term of con-
tempt. Woman is a Weathercock, p. 30.
Great Jacke-a- Lent, clad in a robe of ayre.
Threw mountaines higher then Alcides beard ;
Whilst Pancradge church, arm'd with a samphier blade.
Began to reason of the bu^inesse thus.

Taylor's Workes, 1630, i. 120.

PANCROCK. An earthen pan. Devon.

PANDEL. A shrimp. Kent.

PANDEWAFF. Water and oatmeal boiled to-
gether, sometimes with fat. North.

PANDORE. A kind of lute. It is probably the
same as Bandore, q. v.

PANDOULDE. A custard. Somerset.

PANE. (1) A division; aside; apiece. " A pane,
piece, or panneU of a wall, of wainscot, of a
glasse window," Cotgrave. " Pane of a wall,
pan de mur," Palsgrave. The term is still in
use, applied to a chvision in husbandry work.

In the West part of the same gate and the way

into the college, on the North pane eight chambers

for the poore men, and in the West pane 6 chambers.

Nichols' R'.yal Wills, p. 300.

(2) A hide or side of fur ; fur. (./.-A'.) " Pane
of {arre, panne ; pane of gray furrc, panne de
gris," Palsgrave. " A pane of ermines," Ord.
and Reg. p. 122. See Eglamour, 858 ; Gy of
Warwike, p. 421. Pane has our first meaning
in a pane or piece of cloth. " A pane of cloth,
panniculus," Baret, 1580, an insertion of a
coloured cloth in a garment. It seems to
mean the skirt of a garment in Ywaine and
Gawin, 204, and also in the following passage :
she drouje his mantel bi the pane.
Cursor Mundi, MS. Colt. Trin. Cuntab. f. 28.
.Saying, him whom I last left, all repute.
For his device, in handsoming a suit,
To judge of lace, pink, panes, print, cut, and pleit.
Of all the court to have the best conceit.

Donne's Poems, p. 121.

PANED-IIOSE. Breeches formed of stripes,
with small panes or squares of silk or velvet,

38*

PAN

602

PAP

Paned, striped, Thynne's Debate, p. 10. Forby ,
u. 243, mentionspaned curtains, made of long
and narrow stripes of diiferent patterns or
colours sewed together.
P.iNEL. An immodest woman. Line.
Pajie/* march by twoattJ three,
Saying, Sweetheart, come with me.

Old Lincolns/iire Ballad.

PANES. Parsnips. Comw.

P.4.NG. To fill; to staff. North.

P.\NHIN. A small pan. East.

PANICK. A kind of coarse grain like millet.
Kennett, MS. Lausd. 1033.

PANK. To pant. Devon.

PANNAGE. The mast of the oak and beech
which swine feed on in the woods.

Besides that a man shall read in the hystories of
Canterburie and Rochester, sundrie donations, in
which there is mention onely of itannage for hogges
in Andred, and of none other thing.

Lambai-de*s Perambulation, 1596, p. 311.

PANN.iM. Bread. A cant term. The follow-
ing is a curious old canting song :
The rufhn cly the nab of the harman-beck.
If we mawneii pa7inam, lap or ruff-peck.
Or poplars of yarum ; he cuts bing to the ruffmans.
Or els he sweares by the light-mans
To put our stamps in the harmans.
The ruffian cly the ghost of the harman-beck.
If we heave a booth, wecly thejerke.

Dekker's iMnthorne and Candle-Light, 1620.

PANNEL. The treeless pad, or pallet, without
cantle, with which an ass is usually rode.
" Pannell to ryde on, balz, panneau," Pals-
grave. See Tusser, p. 11.

PANNICLE. A membrane. (Lai.)

The headeach either commeth of some inward
causes, as of some cholerick humor, bred in the
patinicles of the braine, or else of som outward
cause, as of extream heat or cold, of some blow, or
of some violent savour. Eumelus saith, that it
commeth of raw digestion ; but Martin saith most
commonly of cold. Topsell's Beasts, U:07, p. 348.

PANNIER-MAN. A servant belonging to an
inn of court, whose office is to announce the
dinner. See Grose.

P.ANXIERS. To till a woman's panniers, i. e.
to get her with child. " Emplir une femelle,
to fill her panniers, get her with yong," Cot-
giave. The phrase is still in use.

PANNIKELL. The skull,or brain-pan. Spmser.

PANNIKIN. Fretting; taking on, as a sickly
or wearisome child. Suffolk.

PANNY. A house. A cant term.

PAN-PUDDING. A mention of the panpud-
dings of Shropshire occurs in Taylor's Workes,
1630, i. 146.

PANSH.-VRD. A piece or fragment of a broken
pan. Dorset.

P,\NS110N. An earthenware vessel, wider at
the top than at the bottom, used for milk
when it has to be skimmed ; also for other
purposes, hinc.

PANSY. The heartsease, far. dial.

PANT. (1) A public fountain J a cistern; a reser-
voir. North.

(2> A hollow dechvity. West.

PANTABLES. Slippers. " To stand upon one's

pantables," to stand upon one's honoor.
Baret, 1580, spells it pantapple.

Is now, forsooth, so proud, what else I
And stands so on her pantables.

Cutton'a Works, 1734, p. 85.
Plutarche with a caveat keepeth them out, not
so muche as admitting the litle craekhalter that
carrieth his master's pantables, to set foote within
those doores. Gosaon's Sehoole vf Abuse, 1579.

Hee standeth upon his pantables, and regardeth
greatly his reputation.

Sailer's Sarbonu^, 1580, 2d part, p. 99.

PANTALONE. A zany, or fool. (Ital.) In
early plays, he generally appeared as a lean old
man wearing spectacles. " A pantaloon or
Venetian niagnifico," Howell, 1660.

PANTALOONS. Garments matle for merry-
andrews, &c., that have the breeches and
stockings of the same stuff, and joined together
as one garment.

Bring out his mallard, and eft-soons
Beshake his shaggy pantaloons.

Cotton's Works, 1734, p. 13.

PANTAS. A dangerous disease in hawks, where-
of few escape that are afflicted therewith ; it
proceeds from the lungs being, as it were,
baked by excessive heat, that the hawk can-
not draw his breath, and when drawn cannot
emit it again ; and you may judge of the be-
ginning of this evil by the hawk's laboming
much in the pannel, moving her train often up
and down at each motion of her pannel, ami
many times she cannot mute nor slice off; if
she does, she drops it fast by her. The same
distemper is also perceived by the hawk's fre-
quent opening her clap and beak. Markham.

PANTER. A net, or snare. {A.-N.) " Panter,
snare for byrdys," Pr. Parv. " The birdd was
trapped and kaute with a pantere," Lydgate, p.
182. SeeAshmole'sTheat. Chem. B'rit. 1652,
p. 215 ; Apol. Loll. p. 93 ; Ilartshorne's Anc.
Met. Tales, pp. 122, 123, 12-1, 126. " Panther
to catche byrdes with, panneau," Palsgrave.

P.\NTERER. The keeper of the pantry. Grose
has pant ler, a butler.

Panterer yche the prey, quod the kyng.

Cfiron. Vtlodun. p. 1.5.

PANTILE-SHOP. A meeting-house, far. dial,

PANTO. To set seriously about any business or
undertaking. North.

P.ANTOFLE. A sUpper, or patten. " .A woodeij
pantofle or patin," FJorio, p. 71. " Se fenir
snr le haul bout, to stand upon his pantofles,
or on high tearines," Cotgrave, in v. Boul. Sep
Pantables. " The papall pauton hee.le,"
Lithgow's Pilgrimes Farewell, 1618.

P.\NTON. An idle fellow. Somerset.

PANTON-G.^TES. " As old as Panton Gates,"
a very common proverb. There is a gate
called Pandon Gate at Newcastle-on-Tyne.

PANTRON. A small earthen pan. Line.

PANYM. A heathen. PaLigrave. Hardyng, f.
91, has pant/merge, idolatry.

P.\P. " 'To give pap with a hatchet," a prover-
bial phrase, meaning to do any kind action
in an unkind manner.

PAPALIN. A papist.

PAR

603

PAR

PAPAT. The papacy. (^.-A'.)

A cardinalle was thilke lide,
Whiche thepapiit longe hath desirid.

Couer, its. Soe. jiuliq. 1J4, f. 79-

PAPDELE. A kind of sauce. " Hares in pap-
dele." Forme of Curi-, p. 21.
PAPELARD. A hypocrite. {.4.-N.) In the
following passage, subtle, cunning.

I se the aungels bere the soule of that womane to
hevyne, the which so longe I have kepte in synne.
He, this paptitarde preste, hathe herde oure cown-
saylle, ande hathe delyverede here fronie synne. ande
allc oure powere. Gesta Romanoi-um, p. 455,

PAPELOTE. A liind of caudle.
PAPER. To set down in a paper, or list. See an

obscure passage in Henrv VIII. i. 1.
PAPERN. Made of paper. TJ'esf.
PAPER-SKULLED. SiUv ; foolish, far. dial.
PAPER-WHITE. White as paper.
PAPEY. A fraternity of priests in Aldgate

ward, suppressed by Edward VI.
PAP-HE.\D. A woman's nipple. Palsgrave.
PAPISHES. Papists. Deeon.
PAPLER. Milk-pottage. Somerset.
PAP-METE. Pappy food such as is given to

children. Pr. Parv.
PAPMOUTH. An etfeminate man. Aor/h.
PAPPE. (1) The female breast. (Lat.)
O woman, loke to meagajTi,
That playes and kisses your childre pappy*/
To se my son 1 have gret payn.
In his brest so gret gapis.
And on his body so many swappye.

its. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 72.
(2) To pamper ; to coddle.
PAP-WORT. The herb mercury.
P.\PYNES. A dish in cookerv, descrihed in

MS. Sloane 1201, f. 50.
PAPYNGAY. A parrot. Maundevile, p. 238.
PAR. (1) A young salmon; also, the young coal-
fish. North.
(2) A pen for animals. East.
PARABOLES. Parables ; proverbs. {.4.-N.)
PARADISE. A garden, library, or study. See

Britten's Arch. Diet, in v.
PARADISE-APPLE. " Is a curious fruit, pro-
duced by grafting a permain on a quince,"
Woriidge's Treatise of Cider, 1678, p. 207.
PARAFFYS. Paragraphs. " Paraffys grete and
stoute," Reliq. Antiq. i. 63. It occurs in Pr.
Parv. and Nominate MS.
PARAGE. Parentage ; kindred. (^A.-X.) See
Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 26.

Persones grete, and of hie parage.

Lydgate, Rawlittson itS
PARAGON. To excel greatly. Skal.
PARAILLE. (1) Apparel ; ariiis. (2) NobiUty ;

men of rank. {.-J.-N.)
PARAMARROW. A sow-gelder. Xorth.
PAR.\MENTS. Furniture; ornaments; hang-
ings of a room. (./.-.V.)
PAR^-AMOUR. Love ; gallantry. (^.-A^.)
PARAMOUR. A lover of either sex. (A.-N.)
PARAQUITO. A paroquet. {Ital.) Sometimes

used as a term of endearment.
PARASANGUE. A measure of the roads among

the ancient Persians, varying from thirty to
sixty furlongs, according to time and place.

Whatever instructions he might have [had) from
his master Johnson, he certainly by his own natural
parts improved to a great heighih, and at last became
not many paraaangues inferior to him in fame by
divers noted comedies.

Phillips Theatrum Poetarum, ed. 1675, ii. 157.

PARAVANT. Beforehand ; first. (Fr.)
PAR.WENTURE. Haplv ; bv chance. (A.-N)
PARAYS. Paradise. (,-/.-.V.)

Blessed be thou, levedy, ful of heovene blisse,
Suete tlur of parays, moder of mildenesse.

MS. Hart. 2-253, f. 81.
PARBREAK. To vomit.

Oh, said Scogin's wife, my husband parbrnked two
crows. Jesus, said the woman, I never heard of such
='"''ng- Scogin's Jests.

PARBRE.AKING. FretfuL Exmoor.
PARCAS. Perhaps. .MS. Sloane 213.
PARCEIT. Perception. (A.-N.)
PARCEL. (1) Much ; a great deal. Dei-m.

(2) Part, or portion. Parcel-gilt, partly gilt,
Dugdale's Monast. ii. 20".

Thou wilt not leave me in the middle street.
Though some more spruce companion thou dost meet,
Xot though a captain do come in thy way.
Bright paraU^ih, with furty dead mens pay :
Not though a brisk perfura'd pert courtier
Deign with a nod thy curteste to answer.

t)onn(^s Poems, p. 118.

(3) Parsley. North.

PARCEL-MAKERS. Two officers in the Ex-
chequer, who make out the parcels of escheat-
ors' accounts, and deliver them to one of the
auditors of that court.

PARCEL-MELE. By parcels, or parts. {A.-S.)
PARCENER. One who has an equal share in
the inheritance of an ancestor, as a daughter
or sister.

So nevertheles that the yongest make reasonable
amends to his paic€n''rs for the part which to them
belongeth, by the award of good men.

JLamlfirdt's Perambulation, 1596, p. 575.
PARCHEMINE. Parchment. (Fr.)
By a charter to have and to hold.
Under my scale of lede made the mold,
And writen in the skyneof swyne.
What that it is made in parchemyn.
Because it shuld perpetually endure,
.And unto them be both stable and sure.

3IS. Rawl.C.Se.
PARCHMENT. A kind of lace.
PARCHMENTER. A parchment-maker.
PARCLOSE. A parlour. In earlier writers, the
term is applied to a kind of screen or raihng.
" Parclos to parte two roumes, separation,"
Palsgrave. See the Oxf. Gloss. Arch.

I pray you, what is there written upon your par.
close door 1 Becon's Works, p. 63.

The fader loggid hem of sly purpos
In a chambre nexte to his joynynge.
For bitwixe hem nas but a perctos.

Occleve, its. Soc. Jntiq. 134, f, 275.

That the roof of that chapel be raised, the walls

enhanced, the windows made with strong iron work,

with a quire and perclose, and two altars without the

quire. Test. Vetusl. p 336.

PAR

604

PAR

PARCYAND. The character &. North.
PARDAL. A leopard.

The souldiors of the moores weare gannents made
of lyons, pardaU, and beares skinnes, and sleepe
uppoii them ; and so is it reported of Herodotus
Megarensis themusitian, who in the day-time wore
a lyons skin, and in the night liy in a beares skin.

TopeeU's Beasts, 1607, p. 30.
FAROE. Par Dieu, a common oath. Pardy
is used by Elizabethan writers.
And for that licour is so presious.
That oft hath made [me] dronke as any mous,
Therfor I will that ther it beryd be
My wrecchid body afore this god parde,
Mighti Bachus that is myn owen lorde.
Without variaunce to ser^ e hym or discorde.

MS.Rawt. CSC

PARDONER. A dealer or seller of pardons

and indulgences. {A.-N.)
PARDURABLE. Everlasting. (A.-X.)

But th' Erie, whether he in maner dispaired of any
good /rfiri^wraWecontinuaunceof good accord betwixt
the Kynge and hym, for tyme to come, consyderirge
so great attemptes by hym comytttd agaynst the
Kynge. Ji-rival of King Edward W. p. 12.

PARE. To injure; to impair.
PARELE. To ajiparel. Lydgate.

But I am a !ady of another cuntre.

If I be f>are//irfmoost of price,
1 ride aftur the wilde fee,

My raches ranncn at my devyse.

US. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 117.
PARELL. Wiites of eggs, bay s.ilt, milk, and
pump water, beat together, and poiu'ed into a
vessel of wine to prevent its fretting.
PARELS. Perilous. Parell, peril.

He kncwe the markys of that place.
Then he was in a purels case.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 2-21.
How mervehius to man, how dowtfuU to drede.
How fer paste mannys reson and mynde hath it bee !
The comyng of Kynge Edwarde and his good spede,
Owte of Dochelonde into Englonde over the salte see.
In what pare// and trowbill, in what payne was hee,
Whanne the salte watur and tempest wrought hym

gret woo.
But in adversitee and ever, Lorde, thy wille be doo !
MS. Bibl. Reg. 17 D. XV.
PAREMENTS. (1) Pavements. North.

(2) Ornamental furniture, or clothes.

(3) The skin of deer, &c.
P.\RENTELE. Kindred. (A.-N.)
PARENTRELTNARIE. luterlineal. (^.-A".'
PARFAITXESS. Perfection ; integrity. Par-
Jit, perfect, is common both as an archaism

and proriucialism. (A.-N.)
PARFOURME. To perform. (.yi.-N)
PARFURNISH. To furnish properly.
PARGARNWYNE. A reel for winding yam.
PARGET. To roughcast a waU. It is the
translation of crrjiir in HoUyband's Diction-
arie, 1593, anil is explained in Mr. Norris's
MS. Glossary-," to plaster the inside of a chim-
ney with mortar made of cow dung and hme."
Ben Jonson uses tlie term metaphorically.
It is also a substantive, as in Harrison's Eng-
land, p. 187 ; parjctings, ib. p. 236.

Thus having where they stood in vaine complained

of their wo.
When night drew neare they bad adue, and ech gave

kisses sweete

Unto the parget on their side, the which did never

meete. Golding's Ovid, 1567.

To the Trinity Gild of Linton, for the mending

of the cawsy, and pergetj/fig of the Gild Hall, xj. s.

viij. d. Test. Velust. p 618.

PARIETARY. The herb called pelliton,-. This
form of the word occurs in Holly band's Dic-
tionarie, 1593.

PARINGAL. Equal. (A.-N.)

For he wolde not je were
Paringat to him nor pere.
Cursor Mundi, US. Coll. Trin. Gintab. {. 5.

PARING-AND-BURXING. Burnbeating; den-
shering ; sodl)uruiug. Yorksh.

PARING-IRON. An iron to pare a horse's
hoofs with. Palsgrave.

PARING-SPADE. .A. breast-plough. Yorksh.

PARIS-BALL. "Lytell Pares balle, esteuf,"
Palsgrave.

PARIS-CANDLE. A large wax candle. Peris-
candelle. Wardrobe Ace. Edw. IV. p. 121.

PARIS-GARDEN. " Paris Garden is the place
on the Thames bank-side at London, where
the bears are kept and baited ; and was an-
ciently so called from Robert de Paris, who
had a house and garden there in Richard the
Second's time ; who by proclamation ordained
that the butchers of London should buy that
garden for receipt of their garbage and en-
trails of beasts ; to the end the city might
not be annoyed thereby," Blount's Glosso-
graphia, 1681, p. 473. Paris Garden seems
to have been first employed as a place for
baiting wild beasts as early as Henry VIII.'s
time. See Collier's Annals of the Stage, i.
251. A dreadful accident which occurred
there on January I3th, 1582-3, by the fall of
some scaffokUng, is alluded to by several con-
temporary writers. Dr. Dee, Diary, p. 18,
thus mentions it, — " On Sonday the stage at
Paris Garden fell down all at ones, being full
of people beholding the bearbayting, many
beingkilled thereby, more hart, and allamased.
The godly expownd it as a due plage of God
for the wickedues ther usid, and the Sabath
day so profanely spent." Allusions to Paris
Garden are very common ; to its loud drum,
to the apes, &c.

PARISHENS. Parishioners. (A.-N.)
The furs't princypale parte lungus to jour levyng ;

The ij. part to hole church to hold his honeste ;
The iij. part to -^our parechyngs that al to joue bryng.
To horn that fayiun the fode, and fallun in poverte.
Blind jiudelait*s Poenis, p. 33.
The prcst wote never what he menes
That for lytyl curseth hys paiysshenes,

US. How. 1701, f. 72.

PARISHING. A hamlet or small village ad-
joining and belonging to a parish.

PARISII-L.ANTERN. The moon.

P.\RIS1I-T0P. A large top formerly kept in avii-
lage for the amusement of the inhabitants. Shai.

PARIS-WORK. A kind of jewellery.

PARITOR. -An apparitor. Hall.

PAR

605

PAR

PAKK. (1) A farm, field, or close. Detm.

(2) Slang term for a prison. York.

(3) A kind of fishing net. This word occurs in
HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593.

PARKEN. A cake made chiefly of treacle and

oatmeal. North.
PARKER. " Parcar, verdier," Palsgrave.
PARKLEWYS. The herb agnus castris.
PARLE. To speak ; to confer with. (J.-N.)
A president that any man, being a member theraf,
might without cause be excluded, and so letted lo
parle theare his m>'nd in publique matters for the
wealth of the realme, and such other private causes
as doo occur. Egerton Papers, p. 26.

PARLEMENT. A consultation ; an assembly

for consultation. (J.-.V.)
PARLEY. To argue. Yortsk.
PARLISH. Perilous ; dangerous. Also, clever,
acute, shrewd. North. Parlous is very com-
mon in old plays. In MS. Ashmole 59, f. 132,
is a receipt " for heme that hath a parelles
coche," i. e. perilous cough.

Beshrew you for it, you Iiave put it in me :
The paWtxeit old men that ere I heard.

Chron. Hist, of King Leir, 1605.

PARLOUR. In the cottages of poor people, if
there are two rooms on the ground floor, the
best room they live in is called the house ;
the other is called a parlour, though used as
a bedroom. Line. In ancient times, the
parlour was a room for private conversation
or retirement. Kennett explains it, " the
common-room in religious houses into which
after dinner the rehgious withdrew for dis-
course and conversation."

PARMACITY. Spermaceti. Shak. Still in
use, according to Craven Gl. ii. 32.

PARMASENT. Parmesan cheese. It would
seem from Dekker that there was a liquor so
called, but see Ford, i. 148.

PAROCH. A parish. Leland.

PAROCK. " When the bayhtf or beadle of the
Lord held a meeting to take an account of
rents and pannage in the weilds of Kent, such
meeting was calld a parock," Kennett, MS.

PARODE. An adage, or proverb. {Gr.)

PAROLIST. A person given to talking much
or bombasticaUv. See Wright's Passions of
the Minde, 162'l,p. 112.

PAROS. A parish. Pr. Pan.

PAROSY'NNE. Giun. MS. Med. Rec.

PAROW. The rind of fruit.

PARPLICT. Perplexitv.

PARRE. (1) To inclose.' {A.-S.) " Ful straitly
parred," Y'waine and Gawin, 3228. Forby
hiispar, an inclosed place for domestic animals.
Bot als-swa say je are parred in, and na ferrerc
may passe; therfore je magnjfye jour manere of
lyflyuge, and supposez that ;e are blyssed because
that je er so spered in. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 37.

(2) A young leveret. Devon.

P.\RRELL. A chimney-piece. {A.-N.)

P.\RRIC'K. " Parrocke a Well \>!L-ske,pargnet,"
Palsgrave. Still in use. PorroX-«i, to inclose
or thrust in, occurs in Piers Ploughman, and
Pr. Parr. The term was also applied to a
cattle-stall.

P.\RROT'S-BILL. A surgeon's pincers.

P.iRSAGE. An old game at cards, mentioned
in " Games most in Use," 12mo. Lond. n. d.

P.\RSE. To pierce. PUkington's Works, p. 273.

PARSEN. Personal charms. Cumb.

PARSEYVE. To perceive.

Thoghe a man parseyve hyt noghte,
Thou stelyst hyt and thefte hast wroghte.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 16.

PARSIL. Parslev. North.

PART. (1) Some; httle. North.

(2) To partake ; to share. (A.-A.)

(3) " I dye, I parte my iyfe," Palsgrave. " Timely-
parted ghost," Shakespeare.

PARTABLE. Partaker. Lydgate, p. 86.
Thoghe hyt were outher mei.nys synne,
5ytarl thou parlabie therynne.

JUS. Harl. 1701, f. 20.
PARTAKER. An assistant.

Vet thou must have mote partakers in store.
Before thou make me to stand.

Robin Hood, ii. 31.
PARTED. Endowed with abilities.
PARTEL. A part, or portion.

.So this pleyinge hath thre partelis, the firste is
that we beholden in how many thjngis God hath
3yven us his grace passynge oure nejtheboris, and
in so myche more thanke we hym, fulfillyng his
wil, and more tristyrig in hym a^en alte maner re-
provyng i>f owre enmys. Reliq. .-intiq. ii. 57,

PARTENELLE. Partner j partaker. MS. Hail.
1701 readspartaile.

Yf it were other mens syne,
3il ert thou parteiielln therin.

Ri'bert de Brunne, MS. Bowes, p. 13.

PARTIAL. Injpanial. See Xares.

PARTICULARS. Great friends. North.

PARTIE. (1) A part. (2) A partv. (A.-N.)

PARTISAN. A kind of short pike. See Har-
rison's Britaine, p. 2. It was used in places
where the long pike woidd have been incon-
venient. " A partison, a javeline to skirmish
with,"Baret, 1580.

PARTISE. Parts ; bits. (^.-A^^)

And as clerkes say that are wise.
He wroujte hit not bi partise.

Cursor itundi, 3IS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 3.

PARTLESS. In part ; partly. East. In Dur-
ham, partlinys is similarly used.

PARTLET. Arufl'or band formerly much worn
about the neck by both sexes, but more lat-
terly it seems to have been worn exclusively
by women. " A maydens neckerchefe or
lynnen parlette," Elyot, ed. 1559, in v. Slro-
phium. The term was sometimes appUed to
the habit-shirt. " W\"th gay gownys and gay
kyrtels, and mych waste in apparell, rynges,
and owchis, wyth partclettes and pastis gar-
neshed wj-th perle," More's Supplycacyon of
Soulys, sig. L. ii. " A neckerchiefe or part-
let,"' Baret, 1580.

PARTNERS. The two thick pieces of wood at
the bottom of a mast.

PARTNIT. " Partn\1 that bredeth under ones
arme. wort pou," Palsgrave.

PARTOURIE. Portion.

PARTRICH. A partridge. Jonson.

PAS

60fi

PAS

PARTURB. To pervert, or confound.

Mary, therfore, the more knave art thou, I say,
That parturbest the worde of God, I say.

The Pardoner and the Frere, 1533.

PARTY-CLOTH. Cloth made of different co-
lours. Pr. Pan: Shakespeare has parfy-
soated a.nd part y-co/oured.

Whose party-coUtured garment Nature dy'd
In more eye-pleasing hewes with richer graine
Then Iris bow attending Aprils raine.

Brotvna's Britannia's Pasto7-ah'>, p. 115.

PARTY-FELLOW. A copartner. Pahyrave.
PARURES. Ornaments. *' Parowr of a vesti-
ment,7;rt7*i(re,'* Pr. Pan*. Ducangehas^flra;-e,
ornare.

I bequethe to the said chirche ane hole sute of

vestmytes of russet velvet. One coope, chesible

diacones, for decones ; with the awbes and pa^'fes.

Test. Vetust. p. 267-

PARVENKE. A pink. (.-/.-A'.)

Hire rode is ase rose that red is on rys ;
With Ulyewhite Icres lossum he is.
The primerole he passeth, the parvenkc of pris.
With alisauudre thare-to, ache and anys.

US. Harl. 2253, f. 63.
PARVIS. A church porch. The parvis at
London was the portico of St. Paul's, where
the lawyers met for consultation.
And at the pnrvyse I wyll be
A Powivsbetwyn ij. ande iij.

Mind, ll'ill, and Understandittg, p. 8.

PARWHOBBLE. To talk quickly, n'est. " A
parwhobble, a parley or conference between
two or three persons," MS. Devon. Gloss.
PARYARD. The farmyard. Suffoli.
PARYLE. Peril. {J^N.)

That he wolde wende in exsyle.
And put hym in soche paryle.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 194.

PARYST. Perished.

So that no hare sail wante in no stede,
For thare sail uo hare be paiyst.

Hampole, MS. Bowes, p 149.

PAS. A foot-pace. {J.-N.)

He thojt more then he seyde,
Towarde the court he gaf a brayde,
And ;ede a welle gode pas.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 51.
[ stalked be the stremj, be the strond,
For I be the flod fond
A bot doun be a lond.

So passed I the pas. Relig. .4ntiq. ii. 7-

P.\SCHAL. A large candlestick used by the

Roman Catholics at Easter.
PASCH -EGGS. See Pace-Eggs.
PASE. (1) To ooze out. Dorset.
(2) To raise ; to lift up. North.
PASE-DAY. Easter-day. The following pro-
verbial lilies refer to the Sundays in Lent :
Tid, mid, misem.
Carl, Paum.good Pase-day.

PASH. (1) To strike with violence so as to break
to pieces. Palsgrave.

Comming to the bridge, I found it built of glasse
so cunningly and so curiously, as if nature herself
had sought to purchase credit by framing so curious
a peece of woriimanaliip ; but yet so slenderly, as
the least waight was able to posh it into innumer-
able peeces. Greene's GuiydDniua, 1593.

Shall if'-h his cox-combe auch a knocke.
As that liis soule his course shall take.

».!(' to Choose a Good Wife, 1634.

(2) A hea\'y faU of rain or snow.

(3) Anything decayed. North.

(4) A great number. North.

PASKE. The passover ; Easter. (A.-S.)
To Moyses cure Lorde tho tolde
■What wise thci shulde Paske holde.
Cursor Miindi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, t. 39.

PASKEY. Short-breathed ; asthmatic. West.

PASMETS. Parsnips. Wilts.

P.VSS. (1) A whipping or beating. Cornv.

(2) To die. Palsgraee.

(3) To surpass ; to excel. {A.-N.) Hence, to be
very extraordinary.

(4) To judge ; to pass sentence. (.4. jV.)

(5) To report; to tell. Devon.

(6) To care for, or regard. SImk.

(7) A frame on which stones pass or rest in
forming an arch.

(8) To toll the bell for the purpose of announcing
a death. In general use.

(9) To go. Also, let it go, or pass. It was
also a term used at primero and other games.

The knyght passyd as he come.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 244.

(10) J fell to pass, well off, rich; equivalent to
well to do, which is in very common use.

His mothers husband, who reputed was
His father, being rich and tvell to passe,
A wealthy merchant and an alderman.
On forraigne shores did travell now and than.

Scofs Philomythie, 1616.

PASSADO. A terra in fenciiig, meaning a pass
or motion forwards.

PASSAGE. (1) A ferry. Devon.

(2) An old game at dice, thus described in the
Compleat Gamester, ed. 1721, p. 67 : — " Pas-
sage is a game at dice to be play'd at but by
two, and it is performed with three dice.
The caster throws continually till he has
thrown doublets imder ten, and then he is out
and loses, or doublets above ten, and then he
passes and wins ; high runners are most re-
quisite for this game, such as wUl rarely run
any other chance than four, five, or six, by
wliich means, if the caster throws doublets,
he scarcely can throw out."

PASSAMEN. A kind of lace. (Fr.) Inapar-
liamentary scheme, dated 1549, printed in
the Egerton Papers, p. 11, it was proposed
than no man under the degree of an earl be
allowed to war passatnenlace.

PASSAMEZZO. A slow dance, very often cor-
rupted to passa-measure, or passing-measure,
and by Shakespeare to passy-measure. The
long-disputed phrase passy-meamres pavin
has thus been explained, but it is in fact the
name of an ancient dance, thus described in a
MS. quoted by Mr. Collier in the Shak. Soc.
Papers, i. 25, " two singles and a double
forward, and two singles syde, reprynce back."
It is only necessary to read this, and have
seen a drunken man, to be well aware why
Dick is called a " passy-measures pavin."

PAS

607

PAT

PASSANCE. A journey.

Thus passed they their passance, and wore out
the weerie way with these pleasant discourses and
prettie posies.

Saker's Narbontu, 1st part, ISUO, p. 131.
PASS-BANK. The bank or fund at the old

game of passage. See Grose, in v.
PASSE. Extent j district.

All the passe of Lancashyre,
He went both ferre and nere. Robin Huod, i. 63.
P.\SSEL. Parcel ; a great quantity.
P.iSSEN. Surpass ; exceed.

Hys toschys pttssen a fote longe.

MS. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 65.

PASSENGER. A passage-boat.
PASSER. A gimlet. Leic.
P.^SSING. Exceeding ; excessive.

In sooth, he tould a passing, passing jest.

How to Choose a Good Wife, 1634.
An elder brother was commending his younger
Drother*s green eloak which he wore, and said it be-
came him passing well. Faith, brother, says he,
but a black mourning cloak from you will become
me better. Oxford Jesti,\'ivG, -p. ^.

PASSING-MEASURE. An outrage.
PASSION. Sorrow ; emotion.
P.^SSIONAR. A book containing the lives and
martyrdoms of saints. {Lat.) It occurs in
the Nominale MS. in mv possession.
PASSION.\TE. Pathetic; sorro\vfiil. Also a

verb to express passion, or sorrow.
PASS-ON. To adjudicate. Shak.
PAST-ALL. Uncontrollable. Var. dial.
PASTANCE. Pastime. It occurs in Holinshed,

Chron. Ireland, p. 19.

Thowgh 1 sumtyme be in Englond for my pastaunee,

Vet was I neyther borne here, in Spayne, nor in

Fraunce. Bale's J\;:;^ge Jofta/t, p. 8.

P.\STE. A term in old confectionary for hard

preserves of fruit.
PASTEIIS. Pasties. (.4.-N.)
Thcr is a wel fair abbei
Of while moiikc-s and of grei.
Ther bcth bowris and halles ;
Al of pQsteiLs belh tht-'walles.

Cfiraig^ne.ap. fl'righl's Purgatort/, p. 55.

PASTELER. A maker of pastry. See Rutland
Papers, p. 42. More usually pasterer. Pals-
grave has pastier.
PASTE-ROYAL. Is mentioned in Ord. and
Reg. p. 455. The ancient manner of making
paste-royal is thus described :

How to make Pa^le-riryal in Sauces.
Take sugar, the quantity of four ounces, very
finely beaten and searced, and put it into an ounce
of cinnamon and ginger, and a grain of musk, and
so beat it into pajte with a little gum dragou steep'd
in rose-water: and when you have beaten It into
paste in a sEone mortar, then roul it thin, and print
it with your moulders ; then dry it before the fire,
and when it is dry, box it up and keep it all the
year. True Gentlewomans Delight, 1676, pp. 53-54.
PASTETHE. A perfuming-ball.
PASTICU.MP. A shoemaker's ball. Line.
PASTOREL. A shepherd. (.i.-X.)

Poveralle and pastorelles passede one aftyre
With porkes to pasture at the price jates.

Morle Arthure, MS. Lincoln, t. 86.

PASTRON. Fetters for unruly horses, affixed to

that part of the animal's leg called the pas-
tern. See .^jcha!ologia, xx\i. 401. " Pastron
of an horse, pasturon" Palsgrave.

P.ASTS. " PajTe of pastes, unes pases," Pals-
grave. See Partlet.

PASTURE. To feed. Gesta Rom. p. 85.

PAT. (1) Pert ; brisk ; lively. Yorksh.

(2) A hog-trough. Sussex.

PATACOON. -A. Spanish coin, worth 4.9. 8rf.

P.\TAXD. The lowest sill of timber in a par-
tition. {A.-N.)

PAT-13ALL. To play at ball. Ojcon.

PATCH. (1) A fool. The domestic fool was
formerly so called.

Why doating patch, didst thou not come with me
this morning from the ship ? MencBchmi, 1595.

(2) A cherrv-stone. Devon.

(3) A child's clout. West.

(4) To patch upon, to blame. East.
P.\TCI1ES. Black patches were formerly worn

on the face, and considered ornamental. This
curious fashion is alluded to in a rare work
entitled Several Discoiurses and Characters,
8vo. 1689, p. 175.

PATCII-PANNEL. Shabby; worn out.

P.\TE. (1) A badger. Korth.

(2) Weak and sickly. E.rmoor.

P.iTENE-CUT. Tobacco cut up and tied, pre-
pared for smoking. North.

PATEREROS. Chambered pieces of ordnance.
Seethe Archaeologia, xxviii. 376.

P.4TER0NE. A workman's model, a pattern.
More usually spelt patron.

Disfigurid pateronps and quaynte,
And as a dede kyng thay weren paynte.

ArchtBotogia, %\\\. 381.

PATES. Boats ; vessels. Weber.

P.\TII. To go in a path ; to trace or follow in
a path. Shak.

P.\TI1ERISH. Silly, appUed to sheep that
have the disease called " water on the brain."
Sussex.

PATHETICAL. Affected. Shak.

PATIENATE. Patient. West.

P.\TIENCE-DOCK. Snakeweed. North.

PATIENT. To tranquillize. Shak.

PATIENTABLE. Patient. Devon.

P.\riNE. The cover of a chahce.

P.\TISING. (1) " Patisyng, a treatie of peace, as
frontier townes take one of another, pasti-
saige," Palsgrave. " I patyse as one frontyer
towne dothe with another in tyme of warre to
save them bothe harmlesse, je patyse," ib.

(2) Splashing in water. Devon.

PATLET. The same as Partlet, q. v.

PATREN. To pray; properly, to repeat the
paternoster; to mutter. Chaucer.

PATRICKS-PURGATORY. A celebrated ca-
vern in Ireland, an eminent object of pilgrim-
ages and superstitions. Its entire history is
to be found in Mr. M'right's work so called,
8vo. 1844.

They that rrpaire to this place for devotion his
sake use to ct,ntinue therein foure and twentie
houre*, which dooing othtrwhile with ghostlie me-

PAT

608

PAU

dilations, and otherwhile a dread for the conscience
of their deserts, they sale they see a plaine resem-
blance of their owne faults and vertues. with the
horror and comfort thereunto belonging, the one ao
terrible, the other so joious, that they verelie deeme
themselves for the time to have sight of hell and
heaven. The revelations of men that went thither
(S. Patrike yet living) are kept written wiihin the
abbeie there adjoining. When anie person is dis-
posed to enter (for the doore is ever spard) he re-
paireth first for devise to the archbishop, who
casteth all pericles and dissuadeth the pilgnme from
the attempt bicause it is knowen that diverse en-
tering into that cave, never were scene to tume
"backeagaine. But if the partie be fuUie resolved,
he recommendeth him to the prior, who in like
maner favourablie exhorteth him to choose some
other kind of penance and not to hazard such a
danger. If notwithstandmg he find the prirtie
fuilie bent, he conducteth him to the church,
injoineth him to begin with praier and fast of fif-
teene dales, so long togither as in discretion can be
indured. This time expired, if yet he persevere
iu his former purpose the whole convent accompa-
nieth him with solemne procession and benediction
to the mouth of the cave, where they let him in, and
so bar up the doore untill the next morning.
And then with like ceremonies they await his returne
and reduce him to the church. If he be scene no
more they fast and praie fifteene dales after.
Touching the credit of these matters, I see no cause,
but a Christian being persuaded that there is both
hell and heaven, may without vanitie upon suffi-
cient information be resolved, that it might please
God, at sometime, for considerations to His wisdome
knowen, to reveale by miracle the vision of joies
and pimes eternail. But that altogither in such
sort and by such maner, and so ordinarilie, and to
g«ch persons, as the common fame dooth utter,
I neither beleeve nor wish to be regarded. I have
conferd with diverse that had gone this pilgrimage,
who arfirmed the order of the premisses to be true ;
but that they saw no sight, save onelie fearefull
dreams when they chanced to nod, and those they
said were exceeding horrible. Further they added,
that the fast is rated more or lesse» according to the
qualitie of the penitent.
Sramhtost's Desc-ipttvn of Iceland, ed. loOG, pp. 28-29.

P.\TRICO. A cant term among beggars for
their orator or hedge priest. This character
is termed pairiarke-co in the Fraternitye of
Vacahondes, 1575, " a patriarke-co doth make
marriages, and that is nntill death depart the
married folke, wliich is after tliis sort : when
they come to a dead horse or any dead catell,
theii they shake liands, and so depart every
one of them a severall way."
PATRON. A sea-captain. " Patrone of a
gaily, patron de ffolee," Palsgrave. Generally,
any superior person, and sometimes a king.
PATTEN, A plaister. This is given as a Wilt-
shire wordiu MS. Lansd. 1033, f. 2.
PATTENS. Stihs. So)f.
PATTER. To mutter. Palsgrave.
His herte was full of payneand wo.
To kepe theyrnames and shewe them ryght.
That he rested but lytell that nyght.
Ever he paired on theyr names faste;
Than he had ihem in ordreat the laste.

How the Pioughman learned his Paternoster.

PATTERN. A pittance. North,

PATTICK. A simpleton ; a fool, one that talis
nonsense ; a little jug. JFest.

PAUK. To pant for breath, iresi.

PAUKY. Sly ; mischievous ; pettish ; proud ;
insolent. North.

PAUKY-BAG. A bag for collecting fragments
from a wreck. No7f. . .

PAUL. To puzzle. North.

PAULING. A covering for a cart or waggon.
Lhic. Qu. from palle .■'

PAUL'S. As old as St. Paul's, a common pro-
verbial saying in Devon, and is found in old
writers. The weathercock of Paul's is fre-
quently referred to in early books. ** I am as
very a turncote as the wethercoke of Poles/'
Manage of Witt and Wisdome, p. 24. A
chronicle iu MS. Vespas. A. xxv. under the
reign of Henry VII. thus mentions it —

M. Kneisworth, mayir. Then came in dewke
Phillip, of Burgon, agaynst his wille with tempast
of wethir. as he was goyng into Spayn, whiche after-
ward was kyng of Castelle. Then was PoUes
wethir-cok blown doun.

Old St. Paul's was in former times a favorite
resort for purposes of business, amusement,
lounging, or assignations ; bills were fixed up
there, servants hired, and a variety of matters
performed wholly inconsistent with the sacred
nature of the edifice. '* A poore siquis, suoh
as forlorne forreiners use to have in Pauls
Church," Hopton's Baculum Geodseticum,
4to. Lond. 1614.

In Piiiils hce walketh like a gallant courtier,
where if hee meet some rich chuffes worth the gull-
ing, at every word he speaketh hee makes a mouse
of an elephant ; he telleth them of wonders done in
Spaine by his ancestors ; where, if the matter were
well examined, his father was but swabber in the
ship where Civill oranges were the best merchandize :
draw him into the line of history, you shall heare
as many lies at a breath as would breed scruple in a
good conscience for an age. Wits Miserie, 1506.

PAULTRING. Pilfering stranded ships. Kent.

PAUL-WINDLAS. A small windlass used for
raising or lowering the mast of a vessel.

PAUME. (1) The palm of the hand. (^.-A'.)

With everyche a pawe as a postc, and paunies fiille huge.
Morte Arthitre, MS. Arthure, f. Gl.
A bryd whynged merveyllousely,
With pawmes strejTiynge mortally.

MS. Cott. Tiber. A. vii. f. 77.
Hissmale pawmis on thy chekisleyne.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 19.

(2) A ball. {A,-A\) " Paume to play at ten-

nys v.it\\, paulme," Palsgrave.
PAUMISH. Handling anything in an awkward
manner, like one who has no fingers and is
obliged to do everything with his palms,
or hands. Somerset.
PAUNCE. (1) The viola tricolor.

The purple violet, paunce, and heart's ease,
Aud every flower that smell or sight can please.

H-yvo'td's Mfiniage Triumphs, 1613,

(2) A coat of mail.

Thurghe pawnee and platez he percede the maylez,
That the prowdc penselh- in his pawnche iengez.

Morte Arthwe, MS. Lincoln, f. 75.

PAW

C09

PAY

PAUNCH. To wound a man in ilie pauncli. 1
Also, to cut an animal. Pnkgrare.

PAUNCH-CLOLT. (1) Tripe. (2) A belly-band.

PAl'NCH-GL'TS. A person with a large sto-
mach. South.

P.\rNED. Striped ; oniamented.

After the tanket ended with noise of minstrelles,
entered into the chamber eight niasl<ers with white
berdes, and long and large garraentes of blewo satyn
pnuned with sipres. HatI, Htnnj I lit. f. 0!>.

PAUNSONE. A coat of mail .'

.^ pesane and apaunsone, and a prisgirdille.

Morte Arlhure.MS. Liiimin, (. 89.
PAUP. To walk awkwardly. North.
PAUPUSSES. Paupers. Suffolk.
PAUSATION. jV pause. Devon.
PAUSE. To kick. North.
PAUSER. Calmer ; more temperate.
The expedition of my violent love
Outran the paus^r reason. Macbeth, ii. 3.

PAUT. To paw ; to walk heavily ; to kick ; to
beat. North. Cotgrave has Espautrer, to
pant, pelt, thrash, beat, &c.
P.AUTCH. To walk in deep mud. Somerset.
" Sossing and possing in the durt," Gammer
Gnrton. p. 178.
PAVAGE. A toll or duty payable for the liberty
of passing over the soil or territory of another.
W\ thcs thre yer, and mor. potter, he seyde,

Thow hast hantyd thcs wey.
Yet wer tow never so cortys a man

One peney oipavage to pay. Robin Hoorf, i.83.
PAVEU. Turned hard. Suffolk.
PAVELOUXS. Pavilions; tents. {A.-N.)
PAVES. The stall of a shop.
PAVIN. A grave and stately dance.
P.WISE. .^. large kind of shield.

And at the nether ende of the pavisse he gart
nayle a burde, the lentheof a cubit, for to covere
with his legges and his fete, so that no party of hym
myjte besene. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 38.

And after that the shotte was done, whiche they
defended wyth parishes, thei came to handestrokes,
and were encontred severally, as you shall here.

Hall, Henri/ riU. f. 42.
Them to help and to avanc.
With many a prowd pavt/s, Reliq. Antiq. ii. 22.
P.VVISER. A soldier armed with a pavise, or
buckler. {J.-N.)
Theire prayes and theire presoneres passes one aftyre.
With pylours and pavi/sers and pryse men of armes.

Morte .4rthuie, MS. Lincoln, f. 85.
PAVONE. A peacock. Speiisei:
PAVY. The hard peach.
P.WYEERS. Pavilioners ; the men who pitched

the tents. (.-/.-A.)
PAM'K. To throw about awkwardly. Sttff.

Hence pmrkt/, an awkward fellow.
PAWMENT. A pavement. Pr.Parv.
P.AWN. (1) --V peacock. Drayton.
(2) The palm of the hand.
PAWNCOCK. A scarecrow. Somerset.
PAWN-GROPER. A dirty miserly fellow.
PAW-PAW. Naughty. I'ar. dial.
P.WVT. .\ similar word to potter. .\ servant
is said to pawt about when she does her work
in an idle slovenly way, when she makes a

show only of working, putting out her hands
and doing in fact nothing. Line.
PAWTENERE. (1) A purse ; a net-bag. " j'/er-
cijiium, a pawtnere," Nominate MS. probably
for marsupinm. Palsgrave has " pantner, ma-
lelle." " Pence in thv paviwkner," Ashmole's
Theat. Chera. Biit. 1652, p. 192.

I toke hyt owt .-ind ha\e hyt here,
Lo ! hyt ys here in my pinrtejien'.

MS- Cnntab. Ff. ii. 3S, f. 241.
Clement xl. powndecan telle
Into a pawtenere. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 87.
Alas he ner a parsun or avecory.

Be Jhesu ! he is a gentyhnon and jolyli- arayd ;
His gurdlis harneschit with silver, hisbaslard hongus
bye,
Apon his parte pnrttcner uche mon ys apayd.

MS. Dunce 302, f. 3.

(2) ■Wickedness. (.-I.-N.)
Then answeryd the messergcre,
Fulle false washys pautenere.

And to that laiiy seyde ;
Madame, yf y ever dyskever the,
I graunt that ye take me.

And smyteof my hedd.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 3«, f. 95.

(3) A vagabond ; a hbertine. {.4.-N.)
For themperour me seyd tho,
.And trewelich me bihete therto.
That he me wold gret worthschipe,
.And now he me w il sle with schenschipe.
For the speche of a losanger,
And of a felotin pnt/fi?^^, Ci/-'/ Warwike, p. 113.

(4) Cruel ? Ellis, i. 197, has partener in the
fallowing passage, where the etUtor (Mr.
Turnbull) reads pantever !

Gode knight hardi, and pnutener,
Y nam noither your douke no king.

Arthour and Merlin, p. 8.

PAX-13RE.\D. A small tablet with a represen-
tation of the crucifixion upon it, presented in
the ceremony of the mass to be kissed by tlie
faithful. Coles erroneously expkuns it by
panis oscnlalorius. " Paxe to kysse, paix,"
Palsgrave, 1530.
PAX-WAX. See Faxwax. This term occurs

in the Prompt. Parv.
PAY. (1) To beat. Still in use.

If tlicy uncase a sloven and not unty their points,
I sopflj/ their armes that they cannot sometimes un-
tye them, if they would. Robin Goodfellow, 1620.
When he had well din'd and had filled his panch,

Then to the wineccllar they had him straight way.
Where they with brave claret and brave old Canary,
They with a foxe tale him soundly did ptiu-

The King and a pooi-e Northerne Man, 1(M0.

(2) To make amends. Also a substantive,
satisfaction. {.-J.-S.)

Than ciin themaydyn upstande.
And askyd watur to hur hande ;
The maydenys wysche withowten lett.
And to iher mete they hi-n sett.
Gye cntendyd alle that daye
To serve that lady to tiur paj/e.

MS. Cantab. Ft. ii. 38. f. 148.

(3) To please ; to satisfy. (A.-N.)
PAY'EN. A pagan, or heathen. (A.-N.)

The paiticnis and king Saphiran
Defoiled our Cristcn men.

Artliottr and Merlin, p. 230

39

PEA

610

PEA

And this was the furst passage,
That the apostlis in party
Made among folke that were pam:/.
Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, t. 12-2.

PAYL. (1) To beat, or thrash. Salop.

(2) The hand of a tuh or barrel.

P.WLOUNS. PaviUons; tents. Weber.

PaYMAN. a kind of clieese-cake.

PAYMENT. (1) Impairment. They say, " He'll
take no payment," meaning, He'll take no
injury, he'll be none the worse. Line.

(2) To give a woman her payment, i, e. to get
her \rith child.

PAYNE. (1) A coat of mail.

The knyght rase, and his paynes sett.

MS. Uncoln A. i. 17. f- IW.

(2) Bread. Piers Ploughman, p. 529.

(3) Field ; plain. " I salle dy in the payne,"
.MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 132.

P.\YNES. Pence. R. de Brunne, MS.

PAYS. (I) Country. (2) Pitch. (A.-N.)

P.\Y'SAUN'CE. Pausing or stopping. Chauc.

P.\Y-THE-PEPPERIDGE. A schoolboy hav-
ing on a new suit of clothes is sulijected to
have a button puUed oft' unless he " pay the
pepperidge," by giving a douceur to his play-
fellows. Suffolk.

PE.A.. (1) A peahen. See Nares.

(2) To look with one eye. North.

(3) .\ weight used in weighing anything with
the steelvard. South.

PEA-BLUFF. A tube, one, two, or three feet
long, usually of tin, through which boys blow
a pea with considerable force and precision.
Suffolk.

PEACH. To tell, or inform against. I'ar.dial.

PEA-ESH. Pease-stubble. fJ'est.

PEA-GOOSE. A silly fellow. Perhaps more
properly peak-goose! Cotgrave has the term,
in V. Betiet, Aiais. Forby explains it, " one
who has an aspect both sickly and silly."

PE.4.-JACKET. A loose rough coat, with coni-
cal buttons of a small size. North.

PEAK. Lace. I'ar. dial.

PEAKISH. Simple; rude.

Once hunted heuntill the chace.

Long fasting, and the heat

Did house him in a ppakish graunge

Within a forest great. Warner's Jlbiont England-

PEAKRELS. A name given to the inhabitants
of the Peak in Derbyshire.

PEAL. (1) A noise, or uproar. North.

(2) To pour out a liquid. Glviic.

1 3) .\ batch of bread. Devon.

PEALE. To cool. Yorksh.

PEALING. A lasting apple that makes admi-
rable cider, and agrees well with this climate,
the tree being a good hearer.

PEA-MAKE. See Make (2).

PEAN". To strike or beat. Cumb.

PEAR-COLOURED. Red.

PEARK. To peep. far. dial.

PEARL. (1) This term was metaphorically ap-
plied to anything exceedingly valuable.

(2) \Vhite spots in the eyes were called pearls.
See Harrison's England, p. 234. According

to the Dictionarium Rusticum, pearl, pin, and
web. or any unnatural spot or thick film over
a horse's eye, comes from some stroke or
blow given him, or from descent of the sire,
or dam ; the pearl being known by a little
round, thick, white spot, like a pearl, from
which it had its name, growing on the sight
of the eye. .\mong hunters, pearl is that
part of a deer's horn which is about the burr.

PEARL-COATED. A sheep with a curled Heece
is said to be pearl-coated. North.

PE,\RLINS. Coarse bone-lace.

PEART. Brisk; lively. I'ar.dial.

Give your play-gulI a stoole, an.l my lady her foolc.

And her usher potatoes and marrow.
But yuur poet were he dead, set a pot on his head.
And he rises as peai-t as a sparrow.

Bnt. BM. ii. 1G7.
Then, as a nimble squirrill from the wood.
Ranging the hedges for his filberd food.
Sits ptarlly on a bough Iiis browoe nuts cracking.

Briiwn^'s Britannia's Pastorals, p. 135.

PEAS-AND-SPORT. See Scaddiny-of-Peas.
PEAS-BLOSSOM-DAMP. K damp in coal-pits

less noisome than ordinary damps.
PE.iSCOD. " I remember the wooing of a
peaseod instead of her," &c. Shakespeare.
" The efficacy of peaieods in the aifairs of
sweethearts is not yet forgotten among our
rustic vulgar. The kitchen maid, when she
shells green pease, never omits, if she finds one
having nine pease, to lay it on the lintel of the
kitchen door, and the first clown who enters
it, is infallibly to be her husband, or at least
her sweetheart," Mr. Davn's MS. Surt'olk
Gloss. Anderson mentions a custom iu the
North, of a nature somewhat similar. A
Cumbrian girl, when her lover proves un-
faithful to her, is, by way of consolation,
rubbed with pease-straw by the neighbouring
lads ; and when a Cumbrian youth loses his
sweetheart, by her marriage with a rival, the
same sort of comfort is administered to him by
the lasses of the village. " Winter time for
shoeing, peas-cod time for wooing," old pro-
verb in MS. Devon Gl. The dirination by
peascods alluded to by Mr. Davy is thus
mentioned by Gay, —
As peascods once I pluck'd, I chanc'd to see
One that was cicsely fiil'd with three times three ;
Which, when I cropp'd, 1 safely home convey'd,
.\nd o'er the door the spell in secret laid ;
The latch mov'd up, when who should first come in.
But, in his proper person, — Lubberkin !
But perhaps the allusion in Shakespeare is best
illustrated by the following passage, wiiich
seems to have escaped the notice of all writers
on this subject, —
The peaseod greene oft with no little toyle
Hee'd seeke for in the fattest ferlil'st sotle.
And rend it from the stalke to bring it to her.
And in her bosome for acceptance wooe her.

Brotvnf^s Britfinnia's Pastorals, p. 71.

PE.\SE. (1) To issue from a puncture iu globules

resembUng peas. Somerset.
(2") To apjicase.

The ten commandments bring no man to perfec-

PED

611

PEE

tion, and Are Dothing less than able to peaie the
divine wrath. Becon'ti Works, p. 49.

(3) A single pea. Sjienser.
PEASE-BOLT. Pease-straw. East. It oc-
curs in Tusser, ed. 1812, p. 28.
PEASE-BRLSII. Pease-stubble. Here/.
PEASE-PORRIDGE-TAWNY. A dingv yeUow.
PEASHAM. Pea-straw. Sout/i.
PEASIPOUSE. Peas and beans grown together

as a crop. Glouc.
PEA-SWAD. A peascod. North.
PEAT, k delicate person.

A citizen and bis wife the other day
Both riding on one horse, upon the way
I overtook, the wench a pretty peat,
-\nd (by her eye) well fitting for the seat.

Dontic's Poems, p. 90.

PE.^WCH-WAL. A sort of coal, which reflects

various colours. Staff.
PEBBLE-BOSTER. A stone-breaker; a man
who breaks stones for mending the roads.
Staff.
PECC.WI. A familiar use of tliis Latin phrase
is common among schoolboys, etjuivalent to
a confession of being in the wrong. It occurs
in the Historic of Promos and Cassandra, p.
32, and in Hall.
PECE. .\ drinking-cup. Pakgrave. " Cateria,
Anglice a pese," Nominale MS.

They toke away the sylver vessel].

And all that they myght get,
Pece-i, masars, and spones,
Wolde they non forgete.

Robin Hood, i. 32.

PECH. To pant; to breathe heavily. Cumi.

PECK. (1) Meat ; victuals. Dekker uses it in

this sense. Line. To eat. Odon. " We

must scrat before we peck."

(2) A pickaxe. West.

(3) To peck upon, to domineer over.

(4) To stumble. Yorksh.

(o) A large quantity. Var. dial.

(6) To pitch. Still in use.

PECKHAM. " It's all holiday at Peekham with
me." i. e. it is all up with me.

PECKISH. Hunffrv. Var. dial.

PECKLED. Speckled. Still in use.

PEC TOLL.

Beholde the rolled hodes stuffed with flockes.
The newe broched doubtettes open at the brestes.
Stuffed withpecto// of theyr loves smockes.

A Treatise of a Galaunt, n. d.

PECTORAL. Armour for the breast. The
term was also applied to a priest's stole.
The second meaning of pectorals given by
Ducange is rationale, stola pontificalis.

PECUL1.\R. A mistress. Grose.

PECUM.^LL. Belonging to money.

It came into hys hed that the Engiyshmen did
litle passe upon the observacion and kepynge of
penall lawes or pecuniall statutes, made and enacted
for the preservacion of the commen utilytee and
wealthe. Hall, Henry Fll. {. 57.

PECUNIOUS. Monev-loving.
PECURIOUS. Very precise. East.
PED. A species of hamper without a lid, in
which mackerel are hawked about the streets.

East. Moor tells us, in Xonvich an assem-
blage whither women bring their small wares
of eggs, chickens, &c. to sell, is called the
Ped-market. Ray says, " Dorsers are peds
or panniers carried on the backs of horses, on
which higglers used to ride and carry their
commodities. It seems this homely hut
most useful instrument was either first found
out, or is the most generally used, in this
county (Dorset), where fish-jobbers bring
up their fish in such contrivances, above an
hundred miles, from Lime to London." lu
his North-country- nords he has " a whisket, a
basket, a skuttle, or shallow ped." Tusser
uses ped, ed. 1812, p. 11. Holme, 1688,
has explained it an angler's basket.

PED.\ILE. Footmen. Hearne.

PED.\NT. A teacher of languages.

PED-BELLY. A round protuberant belly,
like a ped, q. v. East.

PEDDER. (1) A pedlar. Var. dial. Forby ex-
plains it, one who cairies wares in a ped,
pitches it in open market, and sells from it.

(2 ) A basket. Nominale MS.

PEDDLE. Emplovment. North.

PEDDLE-BACKED. Said of a man carrying
a ped or pack like a pedlar.

PEDDLING. Trifling; worthless.

PEDELION. HeUeborus niger. Gerard.

PEDER. A small farmer. Line.

PEDES.A.Y. A kind of cloth.

PEDISSEQUANTS. Followers. {Lat.)

Vet still he strjveth untill wearied and breathlesse,
he be forced to offer up his blood and flesh to the
rage of al the observant petiissequauts of the hunting
goddesse Diana.

TopseU's Four-Footed Bearts, 16fi7, p. 13(J.

PEDLAR'S-BASKET. Ivv-leaved snap-dragon.

PEDLAR'S.FRENCH. The cant language.
The term was also applied to any iminteUi-
giblejareon. Still in use.

PEDLAR'S-PAD. A walking-stick. North.

PEDNAMENE. Head to feet ; as in many
Cornish huts large famihes Ue, husband, wife,
and cliildren (even grown up; of both sexes,
all in one bed. Poluhele.

PEDNPALY. A tomtit. Cormv.

PEED. Half-bUnd. See Pea.

PEE-DEE. A young lad in a keel, who takes
charge of the rudder. North.

PEEK. A grudge. SiynuUas, Upton's MS.
additions to Junius.

PEEKED. Tliin. Dorset.

PEEKING. " A peeking fellow, one that carries
favour by low flattery and carrying tales, and
picks holes in the character of otiiers by lies
or ill-natur'd stories," .MS. Devon Gl.

PEEL. (1) A pillow; a bolster; a cushion for
lace-making. West.

(2) A square tower ; a fortress. North.

(3) Stir ; noise ; uproar. Yorksh.

(•1) To peel ground, i. e. to impoverish it,
Kennett, .MS. Lansd. 1033.

(5) To strip. Var. dial. Peel'd priest, stripped
or bald ]>riest. There is an early receipt for
"a mun pelyd 01 scaUyd," in Lincoln MS.

PEE

612

PEG

(6) The long-haiuUed shovel with which hread,
&c. is thrust into a hot oven, or taken out.
"Also put into an oven with apeele," Florio, p.
237. " Pele for an o\yn, pel/e a four," Pals-
grave. " Pele, jittla," Norainale MS. Thns
descrihed hy an anonymous lexicographer : a
wooden instrument of about a yard and a half
long, and three quarters broad, on which
jiastry-cooks put many pies and tarts, &c. at
ouce, either to carry them from gentlemen's
houses to be baked, or from the oven to where
they are to he used at feasts or great enter-
tainments ; also the name of the instrument
that bakers, &c. use to put into the oven to
(kaw their bread, pies, &e. with ; also an in-
stniment that printers hang up their sheets
with, upon lines or wooden rails, as they
come from the press, that they may dry.

PEEL-BEARS. Pillow-cases. Devon.

PEEL-CLOTH. A pillow-case. Devon.

PEELER. An iron crow-bar. Kent.

PEELING. A paring, rar. dial.

PEENGIXG. Fretful; whining. North.

PEEP. (1) An eye. Somerset. Grose has
perpers, eyes. Class. Diet. Vulg. Tong.

(2) A flock of chickens. Also, to chirp. " Pipio,
to peepe like a chicke," Elyot.

PEEP-BO. A nursery pastime, in which a
child is amused by the alternate hiding and
exposure of the face; "suiting the word to
the action." The term is extended to the
occasional obscuration of a debtor, or of one
accused of anything rendering his visibility
inconvenient.

PEEPER. An egg-pie. Devon.

PEEPING-TOM. A nickname for a curious
prying fellow, derived from an old legendar>'
tale, told of a tailor of Coventry, who, when
Godiva Countess of Chester, rode at noon
quite naked through that town, in order to
procure certain immunities for the inhabitants
(notwithstanding the rest of the people shut
up their houses) slUypeeped out of his window,
for which he was miraculously struck blind.
His figure, peeping out of a window, is still
kept up in remembrance of the transaction,
and there is an annual procession yet held at
Coventry, in which the feat of Lady Godiva
is attempted to be represented, without vio-
lating the principles of pubhc decency. A
newspaper of last year tells us that, —

Tlie Godiva procession at Coventry w.is celebrated
wjtli mucil pomp last week. Ttie lady selected for
the occasion (wlio was a handsome-looking woman,
and conducted herself with great propriety) was very
differently habited from the great original she per-
sonated, being elad, from shoulder to feet, in close-
fitting woven silk tights. Over this was placed an
elegant pointed satin tunic, fastened by an ornamen-
tal girdle. Two handsome lace scarfs formed the
body, and was fastened underneath each arm to a
blonde Polka edged with gold. A zephyr's wing, in
folds, descended from tlic shoulders, and was fas-
tened on the bosom by a rich brooch, attached to
which was a white cord and gold tassels. The head
gear consisted of a pearl coronet, surmounted by a

large plume of white ostrich feathers. — The pro-
cession was obliged, by a heavy shower of rain, to
beat a premature retreat.

PEEPY. Sleepy; drowsy. Go to peepy-by,
i. e. to sleep. ]'ar. dial.

PEER. (1) To peep. Shak.

(2) To pour out liquid. Oxon.

(3) Tender ; thin ; delicate. Line.

(4) The minnow. Somerset.
PEERELLE. A pearl. See Jbounde.
PEERK. To wiilk consequentially. North.
PEERY. Inquisitive; suspicious. It occurs

in ' A Narrative of the Life of Mrs. Charlotte
Charke,' 8vo. 1755, p. 155.
PEES. Peace. (J.-N.)

Wythgrcte honowre under hys honde
He made pees as he wolde.

MS. Canttth. Ff. ii. 38, f. 147.
Gladys-more that gladis usalle,
This is begynyng of ouregle,
Gret sorow then slialle falle,

Wher rest and pees were wont to be.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 1S3.
PEESE. To ooze out. South.
PEET. A pit. Somerset.

And bad with that goo makeapce^,
Whereinnehe hath his dou3terset.

Goivei-, MS. Soc.AtUig. 134, f. IGS).
PEEVISH. (I) Piercing cold. North.
(2) Foolish; trifling; silly. Ray gives it the

meanings, witty, subtle.
PEE-WEE. To peak ; to whine. East.
PEE-WIT. The lapwing. Var. dial.
PEFF. To cough faintly. North. In Lincoln-
shire, a short, dry, hacking cough is often
called a pefHing cough.
PEG. (1) To move briskly. Var. dial. To peg
away, to do anrthing very quickly.

(2) To beat. To take down a peg or two, i. e.
to humble a person.

(3) A diminutive ef Margaret.

(4) A leg, or foot. (5) A tooth.
PEG-FICIIED. A West country game. The

performers in this game are each furnished
with a sharp-pointed stake. One of them
then strikes it into the ground, and the others
throwing theirs across it endeavour to dislodge
it. When a stick falls, the owner has to run
to a prescribed distance and back, while the
rest, placing the stick upright, endeavour to
beat it into the ground up to the very top.

PEGGY. A sort of slender poker, with a small
portion of the end bent at right angles for
the purpose of raking the fire together.
Daw's MS. Sufl"olk Gl.

PEG-IN-THE-RING. At top, is to spin the
top within a certain circle marked out, and in
which the top is to exhaust itself, without
once overstejiping the bounds prescribed.

PEGNIS. Miichines ; erections. (Lat.)

PEGO. The penis. Grose.

PEGS. Small pieces of dough rolled up, and
crammed down the throats of young ducks
and geese.

PEG-TRANTUM. A wild romping girl. East.
Gone to Peg Trantuni's, i. e. dead.

PEL

613

PEL

PEIGH. To pant ; to breathe hardly.
P£INE. Penalty ; grief ; torment ; labour.

Also, to put to paiu. (.J.-.Y.)
PEIREN. To diminish, injure. U.-N.)
PEISE. A weight. (Fr.)
PEITRELL. The breastplate; the strap that
crosses the breast of a horse. This word oc-
curs in Chaucer, and in au old vocabularv in
MS. Jes. Coll. Oxon. 28.

In the sacrifices of the goddesse Vacuna, an asse
was feasted with bread, and crowned wi[h flowers,
hung with rich jewels and peylteU, because (as they
saye) when Priapus would have ravished Vesta being
asleepe, she was suddenly awaked by the braying of
an asse, and so escaped tliat infamie : and the Lamp-
saceni in the disgrace of Priapus did offer him an
asse. TopsM's Beasts, 161)7. p. 23.

W\t pai/trelle was of a rialle fyne,

Hir cropur was of arafe,
Hir briduUe was of golde fyne,
On every side hong bellis thre.

MS. Cantab. T!. v. 48, f. 110.
PEIZE. To weigh down ; to oppress.
PEJOX. A pigeon. Lyrlr/ate.
PEKE. To pry about. Pakgrave. Also, to

peep, to jut or project out.
PEKISH. Ignorant; sillv.
PEKKE. Pack. Eeliq. Antiq. i. 84.
PEL. A kind of post, at which a knight would

exercise for jousting.
PELCH. Weak; faint; exhausted. North.
PELDER. To encumber. Cumb.
PELE. (1) A paling; a raih

Ryghle as he thoghtc he ded eche dele.
He jede and clam be upp on a pete.

US. Uarl. 1701, f. 14.
(2) To pillage ; to rob.

Namly pore men for tope/e.
Or robbeor bete withoute skyle.

iIS.Hur1.\-in, f. 16.
PELER. A pUlar.

Toape7ery was bownden all thenyght,
Scorged and betyd tyl hyt was day lyght.

ilS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 40.

PELETIR. The peUitoiy. Pakgrave.

PELF. Rubbish, refuse. Warw. Money is
rubbish, and hence the term. " Pelfe, trash,
id est, mony," Florio, p. 63. " Who steals
my purse steals trash," Shakespeare. Pelfiah,
silly, trifling, Holinshed, Chron. Ireland, p.
80. Ill-gotten gains are called pelfry.

PELFIR. Spoil; booty; pillage.

PEEK. To beat; to thrash. North.

PELL. (U A hole of water, generally very deep,
beneath an abrupt waterfall. To pell, is to
wash into pells or pools, as water does when
it flows very violently. To pell away, is to
wash away the ground by the force of water.
Sussex.

(2) A heavy shower. North.

(3) To drive forth. " Sha! ich forth pelle,"
Havelok, 810.

(4) Fur ; a skin of an animal. " Arayd with
peUys aftyr the old gyse," Cov. Myst! p. 246.
{A.-N.) It occurs in Lydgate.

(5) An earthen vessel. Devon.
PELLER. A peg, orpin.

PELLERE. A loose outer covering of fur for
the upper part of tlie body. Anv fur garment
was so called. Pelury, rich fur, Hardyng, f.
72. Hall has pellerip.

.\ai furryd them with armyne,

Ther was never jyt pdlei-e half so fyne.

■VS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 242.

fLLLES. A kind of oats. I'ormc.
PELLET. (1) Sheep's dung. Pakgrave.
(2) A shot, or bullet. See Holinshed, Chroni-
cles of Ireland, p. 132.
PELLET-GUNS. " Two little cannons called
pdlel-gum, namely, one of iron and the other
of brass, fitted with wood," MSS. in M'in-
Chester .Archives, tiated 1435.
PELL-\^ OOL. An inferior wool ; wool eut ott

after a sheep's death.
PELOTE. A pellet ; a small round piece of
anything, not necessarily globular.
Of picche sche tok hini n pehte.
The whiche he schulde into the throte
Of Minotaure caste ry^t.

Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f \m.
PELOWARE. A pillar. Vocab. MS.
PELRINE. A poor pilgrim. U.-N.)
PELSE.(l) Rain; sleet. North.
(2) Trash; refuse; rile stutf.
PELSEY. (I) Obstinate; cross ; mischievous;

bad ; wicked ; evil. North.
(2) A stroke or blow. Beds.
PELT. (1) The skin, applied chieflv to the skin
of a sheep, hence a " sheep's ^e« > and a man
stripped is in his pelt. North.

(2) Put. See Sevyii Sages, 751.

Thureh chaunce, and eke thurch gras.
In hir for sothe pelt y was.

Arthovr and Merlin, p. 40.

(3) A miserly stingy fellow. " A pelt or pinch-
bccke," Hidoet, 1552.

(4) In falconry, the dead body of a fowl killed
by a hawk. See Gent. Itoc'

(5) Rage; passion. Var. dial. It occurs as a
verb in Shakespeare.

(6) To yield ; to submit.

(7) .V blow ; a stroke. East. It is a verb in the
following passage :

Wherefore, seyd the beite.
With grcte strokes I scliallehym pelte :
My mayster schall full welle thene,
Both to clothe [and] fede his men.

3/.9. Jshmole Gl.

(8) A kind of game, similar to whist, plaved by
three people.

PELTER. (1) Anything large. Cumd.

(2) To patter ; to beat. North.

PELTING. (1) Angry. See Pell (5)

At which, Mistres Minerva beeing iietled, ami
taking the matter in dudgeon thus to be provoked,
and wjthalt reprehending the niayde very sharply
for her saucincs, in a pelting chafe she brake all to
pecccs the wenches imagery worke, that was so cu-
riously woven, and so full of varietie, with her
shittle. The mayde heereat becing sore greeved,
halfe in despayre not knowing what to doe, yedding
to passion, would ncedes hang herselfc.

Top^sell's ^'e'-pentSy 1608, p. 259.

(2) Trifling ; paltn* ; conlemptible.

PEN

614

PEN

That Wednesday I a weary way did passe,
Ralne, wind, stones, dirt, and dabbling dewie grasse.
With here and there a pelting scatter'd village.
Which yeelded me no charity or pillage.

Taylor's tVorkes, i. 124.

PELT-ROT. A. disease that kills sheep, arising

from ill-feeding. North.
PELTRY. Skins. Var.dial.
PEN. (1) A place in which sheep are inclosed

at a fair or market. Var. dial,

(2) To shut up, to confine. Heref.

(3) k spigot. Somerset.

(4)The root of a feather. The feather itself is also
so called. Pennes, quills, Maundevile, p. 269.

(5) A son's pudendum. North.

(6) A dam or pond-head to keep the water be-
fore a mill. In common use.

(7) A prison. A cant term.

(8) A barrel kept for making vinegar.
PENAKULL. (1) An isolated rock?

He ys yn a castelle stylfe and gode,
Closyd with the salte tiode,
In a penakuti of the see.

MS. Qmlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 104.
(2) A pinnacle.

He ledd hym forth upon the playne.
He was war of a penakulle pyghte.

MS. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 49.

PEXAXCE. Repentance. (.-l.-N.)
PENANCE-BOARD. The pillory.
PENANT. A person doing penance.
PE.\'-B.\UK. A beeear's can.
PENCI. Thought. {A.-N.)
PENCILED. Painted.

PEND. (1) To distress, or to be in need. Also, a
case of necessity. East.

(2) To depend. /.' of Wight.

(3) A roof vaidted with masonry, but not
joined.

(4) Pressure ; strain ; force. Svff. Also, to in-
cline or lean.

PEND.\LL. The keystone of an arch.

PENDANT. A carpenter's level.

PENDANT-FEATHERS. The feathers at the
joints of a hawk's knee. Berners.

PENDANTS. Hanging ornaments.

PENDICE. A penthouse. Strutt, ii. 131.

PENDICLES. Lice. MS. Devon. Gl.

PENDID. Belonged. Perceval, 1936.

PENDIL. A pendulum. Nortti.

PENDLE. Suddenly. Herrf. " Me came pen-
die over the bill upon him."

PENDLE-ROCK. The top stratum in the stone-
quarry at Islip, CO. Oxon, is called the pen-
die-rock. There is a mountain called Pendle
Hill, and the word seems genuine, though it
is singular how it could have found its way
there. The word pen is said to be of Phteni-
cian extraction, and signifies head or emi-
nence. It was first introduced into Cornwall,
where the Phcenieians had a colony who
worked the tin mines. Hence we have many
names in Cornwall which t)egin with peti.

PENDOLLY. A child's doll. Line.

PENDUGAM. The penguin. Skelton, ii. 344.

PENELLES. Strong wooden boards.

PENEST. Punished ; pained.

PENFE.VTHERED. Shabby. Line. Ahorse,
whose bair is rough, is so called.

PENIBLE. Industrious ; painstaking.
That wyl serve the to pay,
Peyiiebte a] that he may

MS. Haii. 1701, f. 39.
Wirh many woundys ful terryble.
And rebukys ful peni/blL'.

MS. OM. ruell. C. xiii. f. 98.

PENITENCER. A priest who enjoins penance
in extraordinary cases. (.-/.-.V.)

PENM.\N. A person who writes.

PENNER. A pen-case. " Pennare, a pener,"
Nominale MS. inter nomina rerum perti-
nentium clerico. It is the translation of
calamarm HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593.

PENNET. An occasional pen used for sheep,
or cows. Somerset. Jennings hii% pennin in
the same sense.

PENNE-V.UR. A kind of fur.

PENNILESS. To sit on the penniless bench,
i. e. to be very poor. There was a pubhc
seat at Oxford so called. See Brand, i. 240.

PENNING-TIME. Bedtime. Oxon.

PENNITAUNCER. The priest who enjoins
penances. " Penytauucer, penitancier" Pals-
grave. It occiu-s in Nominale MS.

PENNOCK. A little bridge over a water-
course. Shsscv.

PENNY. Pennij wise pound foolish, careful in
small matters and extravagant in great ones.
Clean as a penny, very clean, completely.
Head penyiy, a penny formerly paid to a
curate at a burial by poor people. Penny
hop, a countrj' clul) of dancers, where each
person pays a penny to the fidtUer on every
night they meet to improve themselves in
dancing. In London, a private ball of the
lower gentry, admission one penny, is so
called. Penny-laftice-honse, a very low ale-
house. Penny-puts, pimples on the face of a
drunken person. Penny-worth, a small quan-
tity, an equivalent. A good penny-worth, a
cheap bargain.

PENNYD. Winged. Palsgrave.

PENNY-FATHER. A penm-ious person. " Hee
(good old penny-father) was glad of his li-
quor, and heganne to drinke againe," Pasquil's
Jests, 1629. It occurs in Palsgrave.
Ranck peny-fathers scud, with their halfe hammes
Shadowing their calves, to save their silver dammes.
Morgan's Phoenix Britannictu, p. 33.
Againe, the great men, the rich mysers and
pennt/ftithei-s, following the example of their princes
and goveruours, they in like sort sent packing out of
their doores the schoole-mistresse of all labour,
diligence and vertue, and will not permit a wcbbe,
the very patterne, index, and anathema of super-
naturall wisedome, to remaine untouched.

TupseU's BenMt, 1C07, p. 21)2.

PENNY'-MEASURE. A clay hing above the
penny-stone, of which coarse earthenware is
made.

PENNY-PRICK. " A game consisting of cast-
ing oblong pieces of iron at a mark." Hunter's

PEO

615

PER

Hallamsh. Gl. p. 71. Grose explains it,
" throwing at halfpence placed on sticks which
are called hobs."

Their idle houres, (I meane all houres beside
Their houres to eate, to driiike, drab, sleepe and ride)
They spend at shoveboord, or at penny-pricke.

Scofs Philumythie, 1616.

PEXXY-STOXE. (1) A kind of coarse wooUen

cloth. •' Transforme thy plush to pennvstone

and scarlet," Citye Match, 1 639, p. o. It was

iu common use for linings.

(2) The game of quoits, played with stones or
horseshoes. Kemieit.

(3) The best iron ore. Salop.
PENXY-W.\GTAIL. The water-wagtail. East.
PENXYMEED. The plant rattle.
PEXNY-WHIP. Yen- small beer. Lane.
PEXXY-WIXKLE. The periwinkle. Var.dial.
PEXOXCEAL. A banner. (.7...V.)

Endelonge the schippis borde to schewe
Of penoiiceals a riche rewe.

Cower. MS. Soc. Ami'!. IS4, f. 135.

PEXS. Pence. {J.-S.) Pens-lac, Uckof pence,

or money.
PEXSE. To be fretful. East. Hence pensey,

fretful, complaining, dull.
PEXSELL. A small banner. Pahgrave.
PEXSIFEHED. Pensiveness. Chaucer.
PEXSIL. A large blister. Somerset.
PEXSIOX. "That assembly or convention
%vhich iu the two Temples is called a Parlia-
ment, in Lincoln's Inn a Council, is in Gray's
Inn called a Pension," Kennett.
PEX-STOCK. A floodgate erected to keep in
or let out water from a miUpond as occasion
may require. South.
PEXSY. The pansy. Palsgrave.
PENT. Pended, or appended.
PEXT.\CLE. The ligure of three triangles, in-
tersected and made of five lines, was so called,
and was formerly worn as a preservative
against demons. When it was delineated in
the body of a man, it was supposed to touch
and point out the five places wherein our
Saviour was wounded. " Their hghts and
pentacles," Ben Jonson.
PEXTAUXCER. A penitent.
PEXTECOSTAL. An ofl-ering made at -Sniit-
suntide by the churches and parishes in each
diocese to the cathedral.
PEXTED. Belonged ; pertained.
PE.\T-HOUSE-XAB. A broad-brimmed hat.
PEXTICE. The part of a roof that projects over
the outer wall of a house, and sometimes suf-
ficiently wide to walk under ; an open shed or
projection over a door ; a moveable canvass
blind to keep the sun and rain from stores
outside a door. It is the translation of auvens
in Hollyband's Dictionarie, 1593. '■ Pentes or
paves, estal, soul/til," Palsgrave. " Pentys
over a stall, auvenf," ibid.
PEXTICLE. A covering. Fairfax.
PENULE. The scrotum. (Lat.)
PEOLOtR. A furred robe. {.l.-X.)
PEOX. A barbed javelin.
PEORE.X. Equals; companions. (^.-A'.)

PEPILLES. The water purslain.

PEPIXE. A kernel. This word occurs in Hol-
lyband's Dictionarie, 1593.

PEPI.NXERY. That part of an orchard where
fruit-stones are set for growing.

PEPLE. People. (.V.-.V)

PEPLISH. (1) To fill with people. Palsgrave.

(2) \ulgar. Troilus and Creis. iv. 1677.

PEPPER. (.1) To overreach. Line.

(2) To rate, or scold. I'ar.dial.

(3) To beat ; to thrash. East,
{i) To take pepper in the nose,i. e. to be angry,

to take olTence. To suspect, or mistrust,
Florio, p. 11.

Myles, hearing him name the baker, took straight
ff:ppei in the nose, and, starting up, threw of his
cardinals roabes, standing in his dustye cassocke,
swore I by cockesbread, the baker ; and he that saies
to the contrary, heere stand I, Myles, the bakers
man, to have the proudest cardinall of you all by
the earcs. TaiUun's \nves out of Puigatorie, loM.
Pepper ys come to a marvelus pryce,

Som say, thys Lenton season ;
And every body that ys wyse

May soone perceve the reson ;
For every man lakes pe/,per j' the note
For the waggynge of a strawe, God knowse.
With every waverynge wynd that blowese.

Ktderton's Lenton Sluffe, li>70.
(5) To rain quicklv. far. dial.
PEPPERED. Infected with lues venerea.
PEPPERERS. Grocers. Stowe.
PEPPERGATE. There is a Cheshire proverb,
■• When the daughter is stolen, shut the pep-
pergate." This is founded on the fact, that
the mayor of Chester had his daughter stolen
as she was plaviug at ball with other maidens
in Pepper-street ; the young man who carried
her off came through the" Pepper-gate, and
the mayor wisely ordered the gate to be shut
up; agreeable to the old saying, "When the
steed is stolen shut the stable door "
PEPPERIDGE. The barberrv. East.
PEPPERXEL. A lump, or swelling.
PEPPERQCERX. A pepper-mill. Patsqrai-e
PEPPER-SQIATTER. A pair of snuffers.
PEPPERY. Warm ; passionate.
PEPS. To throw at. West.
PER. Liquid pers when it falls connected like a

string. Imuc.
PER.\DYEXTURE. Without all peradventure.

i. e. without all doubt.
PERAGE. Rank. (A.-X.)
PERAUXTEK. Perchance. [A.-X.)
For in some houre, sothly this no fable.
Unto some man she gr.iunteth his desyres.
That will not al'ter in a thousande yeares
Perounter ones condescende
Unto his will nor his lust him sende.

Lydgate's Tioye, 1555, sig. I*, iii.
I dar the hete a foule or twoo,
Perauntur with a conyne.

US. Cantab. Ff. v. 48. f. 51.
PERC.\SE. Perchance. Palsgrave.
PERC'EI\AXCE. Perception. East. It occurs
in Palsgrave's .\colast us, 1510. Perceiveraiice,
Jliddlcton, iii. 388.
PERCEIVE. To understand. Palsgrave.

PER

616

PER

PERCEL. A parcel, or part. (A.-N.)
PERCELEY. Parsley. Palsgrave.
PERCEL-MELE. Piecemeal. (A.-N.)
PERCER. A rapier ; a short sword. " Percer

blade, estoc," Palsgrave.
PERCH. A measuring-rod.
PERCHE. (1) To pierce; to prick.

This ilke beste myste thay on na wysepei-c/icwith
thairesperes, bot withmellis of yrene thay slew it.
US. Uncoln A. i. 17, f. 30.
(2) To perish, or destroy.

And jif it the woman in drynkynge.

And sche schal be dilyverd withoute peychyng.

MS. Hurl. 2669. f . 98.
PERCHEMEAR. A parchment-maker.
PERCHER. A large wax candle, generally
used for the ahar. MS. Sloaue 1986.

The Maister of the Roles dyd present her torches
and perchers of wax, a good nombre.

State Papers, 1. 583.
PERCILE. Parsley. (^.-iV)
PERCLOSE. A conclusion.

But looke for smoother matter in the middest,

and most smooth in iheperckse and wmd-up of all.

Dent's Pathway, eput.

PERCOCK. A kind of early apple.
PERCULLIS. A portculUs. Hall.
PERDE. Par Dieit, verily. (J.-X.)
Hitt were pete
Butt they shold be
Begelid, perdc !
WithowtjTie grase.

MS. Cantab. Ff . i. 6, f. 45.
PERDICLE. The eagle-stone.
PERDU. A soldier sent on a forlorn hope ;
any person in a desperate state. {Fr.) It
sometimes means, in ambush.
PERDURABLE. Everlasting.

But gain is not alwayes perdurable, nor losse
alwaves continualt. Hall, Henry VI. f. 59.

PERDURE. To endure ; to last.
PERDY. Same as Perde, q. v. It seems some-
times to mean, perchance.

Perdy, seid the scheperde, nowe
Hitshalbe thou^t if that I mow.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 54.

This is their practise, if perdy they cannot at the

first time smelling, find out the way which thedeede

doores tooke to escape. So at length get they that

by art, cunning, and diligent indevour, which by

fortune and lucke they cannot otherwise overcome.

Topseira Beasts, 16ll7i p. 166.

PERE. (1) To appear. {J.-N.)

The xiiij. nyghte was come to ende, the goste
muste;>ere ageyne. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38,f.52.

To a bisschop that hejt Aubert
Saynt Myghell peryr be nyjt.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 79.
(2) A peer ; an equal. (.-/.-A'.)

That on was tTyfTtene wyntyr old.
That other thryttine, as men me told.

In the world was non her pere ;
Also whyt so lylye flour.
Red as rose off here colour.
As bryjt as blosme on brere.

Romance of Athelston.
Then was ther a bachylere,
A prowile prynce withowtyn pere,
Syr James he hyght.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 7S.

(3) To Strive to be equal.

In heveue on the hyghest stage

He wolde have peeryd with God of blys.

US. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f . IS.
PEREGALL. Equal. Chaucer.

Everyche other through great vyolence
By very force bare other untogrounde.
As full ofte it happeth and is founde.
Whan stronge doth mete with his pcre^//.

Lyd^ate'a Troye, 1555, sig. P. v
5it ther were any of power more than hee,
Or pert'galle unto his degre.

Lydgate, MS. See. Antiq. 134, f. 16.
PEREGRINE. A kind of falcon.

Brave birds they were, whose quick-self-less-ning kin
Still won the girlonds from ihe peregrin.

Brown^a Britannia's Pastorals, ii. 23.
PERESINE. Gum.
PERFECT. Certain ; sure. ShaL
PERFITE. Perfect : skilful.

Were thou as perfite in a bowe.
Thou shulde have moo dere I trowe.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 50.
PERFIXT. Predetermined.
PERFORCE. To force or compel. Palsgrave.
As an adverb, of necessity. Force perforce,
absolute necessity. Patience pei-force, a phrase
when some evil must be endured which can-
not bv anv means be remedied.
PERFORMED. Complete. Devon. To per-
form up a sum, i. e. to make it up, occurs in
several old writers.
PERFORMEXTS. Performances.
PERFOURNE. To finish, complete, furnish.
PERGE. To go on. {Lat.)
PERHAPPOUS. Perhaps. Lydgate, p. 35.
PERIAGUA. A boat, or canoe. A term fami-

litu- to readers of Robinson Crusoe.
PERIAPT. A magical bandage.
PERICLES. Dangers. {Lat.)
PERIHERMENI.VLL. Pcrihermeniall princi-
ples, principles of interpretation. Skelton.
PERILLE. A pearl. " Margarita, Anglice a

pervlle," Nominale MS. f. 8.
PERILLOUSLI. Dangerously ; nidely.
PERIOD. To put a stop to ; to cease.
PERIS. Persia.

Inde and Peris and Arable,
Babilone, Juda, and Suiie.

Cursor .Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab. (. 14.

PERISH. (1) To destroy. Shak. WUbraham

has perisheii, starved with cold.
(2) To injure ; to pain. Essex:
PERITE. Skilftd. (Lat.)

No decree could demonstrate unto them ahythiug
sufficient to respect a morecivill and perire life.

Kenetwoitli Parte, 1594, p. 10.
PERIWINKE. A periwig. Hall.
PERJENETE. A young pear. (A.-N.)
Ac pesecoddes and perejonettes,
Plombes and cheries.

Pier* Ploughman, Rawl. MS
PERK. (1) A park. Yorksh.
Hawkis of nobille ayere
On his perke gunne repayre.

MS. Uncoln .\. i. 17, f. 130.

(2) To examine thoroughly. North.

(3) Proud ; peart ; elated. Still in use, Cra-CD

PER

617

PER

Gl. ii. 38 ; Wilbraham, p. 107 ; Forhy, ii. 249.
To peri one's self up, to adorn. To perk up
again, to recover from sickness.

(4) A perch. Suffolk. " Ovyr the perke to
pryk," Skelton, i. 124. It also occurs in
Re'liq. Antiq. i. 294.

(5) A wooden frame against which sawn timber
is set up to drv. East.

PERKERS. Youne rooks. North.
PERKIX. Water Jyder.
PERKY. Saucv ; obstinate. TTesf.
PERLATANE. '

The hauUe also of this palace was sett fulle of

ymagcz of golde, and bitwix thame stode pe-latanes

of golde, in the branches of whiike ther were many

maners of fewles. SfS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 25.

PERLESY. A pleurisy.

And smytt's hym als it were with a perlesy, that

alle his lymes dryts, that he may na gud do als he

sulde. atS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 246.

PERLID. Ornamented with pearls ; studded

with any ornaments.

And many a per?id gamement
Embroudid was ajen the day.

Cotver, MS. Soc. vintiq. 134, f. 54.
PERLIN. The piece of timber which runs
along under the middle part of the spars or
bearers of a roof, to give such bearers adtli-
tional strength.
PERLOWES. Perilous. Palsgrave.
PERMAFAY. By my faith. {A.-K.)
PERMANSIE. Magic ; necromancy.
PERN. (1) To prosper. Somerset.
(2) To pick and dress birds, particularly apphed

to dressing the heron.
PERNASO. Mount Parnassus.
PERNEL. The pimpernel, a flower that always
shuts up its blossoms before rain.

But these tender pemels must have one gown for
the day, another for the night.

PUkington's fVorks, p. 56.
PERPEND. To consider attentively.

You'll quickly know, if you do well perpend.
And observe rightly what's the proper end.

Brome's Son^, 1661, p. 182.

PERPEXDICLE. The plumb line of a qua-
drant. This word occurs in an old treatise on
mensuration, in MS. Sloane213.

PERPENTINE. A porcupine. " Perpoynt, Ays-
trix," Pr. Parr. The {ormperpentine occurs
in Shakespeare, most incorrectly altered to
porcupine by modem etUtors. It is the
genuine old word.

PERPENT-STONE. A large stone reaching
through a w all so as to ai)pear on both sides of
it. Oxf. Gl. .\rch. p. 280. In the North of
England, a thin wall, the stones of which are
built on the edge, is called a perpeuf.

PERPETUAXA. A kind of glossy cloth, gene-
rally called everlasting.

PERPLAXTED. Planted securely.

Requirynge theim as his espcciall truste and con-
fidence was perplanted in the hope of Iheij fidelite,
that they would occurre and mete hym by the
waye with all diiigent preparacion.

Hall, Richard lit. t. 27-

PERQUIRE. To search into. Clobery's Divine

I Glimpses, 1659, p. 73.

j PERR. (1) Perry. (2) A pearl.

PERRE. A dish in old cookery, made chiefly
of peas, onions, and spices.

PERRIER. A kind of short mortar, formerly
much used for stone shot.

PERRnVINKLE. A periwig. Stubbe.

PERRONENDERE. A pardoner. Heame.

PERRY-DANCERS. The aurora boreaUs. Ea»t.

PERRYE. (1) A squall.

It happened Harold his sonne to arrive at
Pountiou against his will, by occasion of a sudden
perry, or contrarie winde, that arose while he was on
seaboorde. Lambtrde's Perambulation, 1596, p. 357.

(2) A little cur dog. North.

(3) Precious stones ; jewels. (A.-N.)
And alle was set with perrye,

Ther was never no better in Crystyant^.

MS. Cantab. Ff. U.38,f. 242

PERS. (1) Persia.

We woot bothe bi story and vers
That the kyndam of Grace and Pert
Were hede kyngus in forme tide.

Cursor llundi, MS. CoU. Trin. Catitab. f. 132.

(2) Company.

Al we wite it thi defaut,
So siggeth al our per*.

Arthvur and Merlin, p. 9.

(3) Sky, or blueish gray colour. There was a kind
of cloth so called.

PERSAUNT. Piercing. {A.-N.)

That of the stremis every- maner wyjte
Astonied was, they weren so bryue and shene,
Ant to the ye for peraaunt for to sene.

Lydgate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 23.
For thy perseynf charity.

Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 109.

PERSCRUTE. To search through. (Za/,) Used

bv Andrew Borde, Brit. Bibl. iv. 24.
PERSE. EqualitT. {A.-N.)
PERSEL. Parslev. Pegge.
PERSEVER. To 'persevere. Skak.
Whether a daw sit, or whether a daw fly.
Whether a daw stand, or whether a daw lye,
"Whether a daw creepe, or whether a daw cry.
In what case soever a daw pf/*.*«('er,
A daw is a daw, and a daw shall be ever.

Tarlton's Jests, Hill.
PERSIAN-T\'HEEL. An engine invented to
raise a quantity of water sutficient for over-
flowing lands, that border in the banks of
rivers, where the streams lie so low, as to be
incapable of doing it.
PERSON. A mask, or actor. (Lat.)
PERSONABLE. Personally \-isible.

My saied lordeof Winchester saied unto the kyng

that the kyng his father, so visited with sicke-

nesse, was not personable. Ha!!, Henry VI. f. 13.

PERSONE. A man. Generally, a man of

dignitv, a parson or rector of a church.
PERSORE. A piercing-iron.
ye, je, seyd the persore,
That at 1 sey it shall be sure;
Whi chyd ;e iche one with other ?
Wote 5e wele I ame jour brother !
Therefore none contrary me,
Fore as I sev so schall it be. MS-Ashmoiv 61-

39*

PES

618

PET

PERSPECTIVE. A reflecting-glass.
PEKSPICIL. An optic-glass. It occurs in

AlbuKiazar, 163-1, sig. B. iv.
PERSTAND. To understand. Peele.
PERSUADE. Persuasion.
PERSUADERS. Spurs. Also, pistols.
PERSWAY. To mitigate. Ben Jonson, iv. 428.
PERT. Beautifully delicate. It is the trans-
lation oi mbtilis in Gesta Rom. p. 142.
For hete her clothes down sche dede
Almest to her gerdyl stede,
Than lay sche uncovert ;
Sche was as whyt as lylye yn May,
Or snow that sneweth yn wynterysday,
He seygh never non so pert.

IttusCratiiins of Fairy M^tlwii'f^i/, p. 11.

PERTE. (1) To part. Still in use.
Then Thomas a sory man was he,

The terys ran out of his een gray :
Lufly lady, ;et tell thou me

If we shalle pei-te for ever and ay.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. I2.i.
(2) Of good appearance.

Ther was no man in the kynges landc
More perte then was he.

il/.S. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 244.
PERTELICHE. Openly. (^.-A^.)

Than syr Priamous the prynce in presens of lordes
Presez to his peuowne, and pej-f ^t/ it hentes.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lmco(»,f. 84.
PERTELOTE. The name of a hen.
PERTENERE. A partner.

God graunt us mekenesse in angurs here.
And grace to lede owre lyfe here soo.
That may aftur be pprtenere
Of hevene, whan we hens schall goo.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 14.
PERTRYCHE. A partridge.

Ryght as the pertnjdie is constreyned undir the
claues and nayles of the hauke, is as halfe deed for
drede. Caxton's Divers Fnnjffttt Ghostly Maters.

PERTURBE. To trouble. Palsgrave.
PERTY. Part. Lydgate.

God that sittis in TrinitiJ,
Gyffe thaym grace wel to the.

That lystyns me a whyle ;
Alle that lovys of melody,
Olfhevon blisse God graunte tham perty,
Theyrr soules shelde fro peryle.

MS. Cantab. V!. v. 48, f. 47.

PERUR. -A. kind of cup.
PERUSE. To examine, or survey.

Monsieur Soubiez having perused the fleet, re-
turned to the king, and told him there was nothing
ready ; and that the mariners and souldiers would
not yeeld to goe the voyage till they were paid their
arrears. MS. Harl, 383.

PERVEY. To provide. (J.-N.)
PERVINKE. The herb periwinkle. {A.-S.)
PERYE. A pear-tree. (J.-N.)

But for hur lorde sche durste not done.
That sate bencthe and pleyed hyra merye.
Before the towre undur a perye.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 141.
PERYSSE. Pears. (.-t.-N.)

Then was the tre ful of ripe peryase.
And began down to falle.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 114.

PESANE. A gorget of mail or plate attached

to the helmet. " A pesane and a paunsone,"
MS. Morte Arthure, f. 89.

PESATE. Is when a managed horse rises hand-
somely before and upon his haunches, and at
the same time bends his fore-legs up tohisbody.

PESE.(l) Peace. Perceval 980, 981.

(2) To sooth ; to appease.

Tylle y be sewre of youre hartys ese.
Nothing but hit may my grevys pese.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 132.

PESEN. Peas. This is the common early form
of the word, and occurs in Chaucer, Legende
of Good Women, 648. Holloway gives the
following couplet, as seen lately on a boai*d in
a pea-field in Berkshire —
Shut the gate after you, I'll tell you the reason.
Because the pigs shouldn't get into the peason.
Ben Jonson has made the same words rhyme
in his 133d epigram.
As for his sallets, better never was
Then acute sorrell, and sweet three-leav'd grasse.
And for a sawce he seldome is at charges.
For every crab-tree doth affbord him vergis ;
His banket sometimes is greeue beanes and penstm .
Nuts, peares, plumbes, apples, as they are in season.
Taylor's Workes, 1630, i. !)/.

PESIBLE. Peaceable. (.i.-N.)

PESIBLETE. A calm. {A.-N.)

PESK. A peach. Nominale MS.

PESON. An instrument in the form of a staff,
with balls or crockets, used for weighing be-
fore scales were employed.

PESS. A hassock. Suffolk.

PESSCOD-SCALDING. A kind of merry-
making in summer evenings ; the treat, green
field peas boiled in the shells. Yorksh.

PESSIPE. A kind of cup.

PESTERED. Crowded. Peele, ii. 235.

PESTERMENT. Embarrassment. North.

PESTLE. (1) A leg of an animal, generally of a
pig. .4 pestle of pork is still in common use.
" Pestels of venison," Warner's Antiq. C'lilin.
p. 98. " Pestell of flesshe,7'(7»i4o?i," Palsgrave.
A pestle-pie is a large standing pie which con-
tains a whole gammon, and sometimes a couple
of fowls and a neat's tongue, a favorite tUsh
at country fairs, and at Christmas feasts.

(2) A constable's statf.

PESTLE-HEAD. A blockhead.

PETE. Pity. See Cov. Myst.

Long lay the kyng, there away wolde uot hee ;

Dayly he propherid batayle : the enmys durst not fyghte

Lacke of logynge and vitayle it was grett pete,

Causid the gentill prynce to remeve, siche was Coddes
myjte !

Lowe, how the good Lorde his owne gentill knyjte,

Because he shulde remembir hym in weleand in woo.

Thus in every thyng, Lorde, thy wille be duo .'

MS. Bibl. Rey. 17 D. xv.

PETEOSE. Merciful ; compassionate.
Many men spekes of lamentaciotin,
Otfmoders and of their gretdesolatioun.

Which that thay did indure
When that their childer dy and passe.
But of hispcfeoje tender moder, alasfe •

I am verray sure.
The wo and payn passis alle othere.

MS. Bodl. eMus. 16li.

PET

GI9

PHI

PETER. (1) An oath. Similar to Marv ! See
MS. Lincoln, Kf. 140, 144, 140, and Weber's
Gl. It is very common.

(2) To go through St. I'eter's needle, i. e. to be
subjected to severe discipline, applied to chil-
dren. " To rob Peter to pay Paid," to take
from one to give to another.

(3) Cowslips. Arch. xvx. 411.

(4) A portmanteau, or cloak bag.

(5) A kind of wine, one of the richest and most
delicate of the Malaga wines, generally termed
Peler-see-me, a corruption of Pedro -Ximeaes.

I am mightie meK-incholy,

And a quart of sacke will cure me ;
I am chollericke as any,

Quart of claret will secure me ;
I am phlegmaticke asmay be,

Peter-see-nie must inure me ;
I am sanguine for a ladie,

.\n<i coiile Rhenish shall conjure me.

BraithwaiCs Law of Dnukiiig, 1617, p. 80.

(6) Some kind of cosmetic.

Then her boxes of peeter, and patches, and all
her ornamental knacks and dresses she was wont
every day to wast so much time about.

Several Discourses and Cfiaractets, 1689, p. 175.

PETER-BOAT. A boat which is built sharp at

each end, and can therefore be moved either

way. Suffolk.
PETER-GUNNER. A nickname for a gunner

or sportsman. " Peter Gunner will kill all

the birds that died last summer."
PETER.MAN. A fisherman. East.
PETER-S-STAFF. Tapsus barbacus. Gerard.
PETER-WAGGY. A harlequin tov.
PETH. (1) A well, a pump. West.

(2) A road up a steep hUl. North.

(3) A crumb of Inead. Ileref.

PETHUR. To run ; to ram ; to du anything

quicklv or in a burrv. North.
PETIT. Little. {J.'-N.)
PETITION. An adjuration. East.
PETITORY. Petitionarv.
PET-LIP. A hanging-Up. North.
PETMAN. The smallest pig in a hitcr. East.
PETREL. A breast-plate. Keimett.
PETROLL. A kind of chalky clay, mentioned

in Florio, ed. 1611, p. 327. '
PETRONEL. A kind of blunderbuss, or borse-

pistol. Sir Petronel Flash, a boasting fellow,

a braggadocio, Florio, p. 585.
Give your scholler degrees, and your lawyer his fees,

And some dice for Sir Petronell Flash :
Give your courtier grace, and your knight a new case.

And empty their purses of cash. Brit. Biht. ii. 167.
PETTED. Indulged ; spoilt. I'ar. ilinl.
PETTICO.\T-HOLE. A small piece of ground

in the parish of Stockton-in-the-Forest, co.

York. It is subject to an ancient custom of

providing a petticoat yearly for a poor woman

of Stockton, selected by the owner of the

land. See Reports on Charities, viii. 720.
PETTICOAT-PENSIONER. One kept by a

woman for secret services or intrigues.
PETTIES. Low or mean grammar scholars.
PETTIGREW. A pedigree. " Petygrewe, g3-

nealogie," Palsgrave.

PETTISH. Passionate. Var. dial.

PETTLE. (I) To trifle. (2) Pettish ; cross;
peevish. North.

PETTOUNE. A spittoon.

Tobacco by tlie fire w,is there caroused.
With large pettounes in pisse perfum'de and soused.
Scut's Cerlaitie Pieces, ^c. 161B.

PETTYCOAT. A waistcoat. Ke,,t.
PETTY-LASSERY. Pettv larcenv.
PETTY-SESSIONS. A kind of court held in
some places at which servants are hired, and
the engagements registered. No?-/.
PETTY-SINGLES. The toes of a hawk.
PETUY'SLY. Piteously ; compassionately.
Thai sehul be schewed ful petw/sly
At domysday at Cristis cumyng,
Ther God and men present schai be,
And al the world on fuyre brennyng.

MS.Douce3l<2,{.l.
PEUST. Snug ; comfortable. North.
PEVR.\TE. A kind of sauce, formerly eaten

with venison, veal, &c.
PEW. A cow's udder. Glouc.
PEW-FELLOW. A companion ; one who sits

in the same pew.
PEWKE. Puce colour. Pats(/rave.
PEWTNER. A pewterer. West.
PEYL. (1) To weary. (2j To beat. North.
PEY'NE. A plain or common.

Upon Ape;/ne befounde in the cit^.
Where he was borne withoute more delay.

Ls/itgcite, MS. Ashiii. 39, f. 49.

PIIiEBE. The name of a dance mentioned in

an old nursery rhyme. A correspondent gives

me the follovring lines of a very old song, the

only ones he can recollect :

Cannot you dance the Phfebe ?
Don't you scl- what pains I take ;
Don't you see how my shoulders shake ?
Cannot you dance the PhEebe ?
PHANTASIED. Fancied.

This wydow founde suche grace in the kynges

eyes that he not only favoured her si.ytc, but muche

more phantasjed her person. Halt, Eiltvard IV. f. 5.

PHARISEES. Fairies. Susse.r.

PHAROAH. Strong ale. " Old Pharoh" is

mentioned in the praise of Y'orkshire Ale

1697, p. 3.

PHAROS. A watch-tower. (Gr.) See Dekker's

Knight's Conjuring, repr. p. 30.
PlIASMATION. a'u apparition. (Lat.)
PHEERE. Companion. See Eere (1).
PHEEZE. To beat ; to chastise ; to humble.
{Vest. It occurs in Shakespeare and Ben
Jonson. Forby has pheesy, fretful, irritable,
which he supposes to be connected with this
word. " To phease, i. e. to pay a person off for
an injurv," MS. Devon Gl.
PHETHELe. a girdle, or belt. (J.-S.)
Off oon as I koude understonde.
That bate 3, phethele in his hand.

MS. Cult. Tiber. A. vii. f. 77.
PHILANDERING. Making love.
PHILIP. The common hedge-sparrow, still so
termed. Itoccurs in .Middleton'oWorks,iii.388.
PHILIP-AND-CHENEY. A kind of st.iti', for-
merly much esteemed. See Nares.

PIC

620

PIC

Alasse, what would our silken mercers be ?

What could they doe, sweet hempseed, but for thee ?

Rash, taffata, paropa, and novato,

Shagge, fillizetta, damasl;e, and moekado,

No velvets piles, two piles, pile and halfe pile.

No plush or grograines could adorne this lie.

No cloth of silver, gold, or tisue here ;

Philtp and Cheiny never would appeare.

Taylor'8 Workes, 1630, iii. 64.

PHILISTINES. A cant term applied to bailiffs,
sheriffs' officers, and drunkards.

PHILOSOPHER'S-EGG. The name of a medi-
cine for the pestilence, described in MS.
Sloane 1592, f. 151.

PHILOSOPHER'S-GAME. An intricate game,
played with men of three different forms,
round, triangular, and square, on a board re-
sembUng two chess-boards united. See Strutt,
pp. ill.Zlb.

PHIP. (1) A sparrow. The noise made by a
sparrow, Lilly, ed. 1632, sig. Bh. x.

(2) To snap the lingers.

''HISNOXIY. Phvsiognomv. Pakgravc

PHITONESSE. A witch. ' {Lat. Med.)

PHIZ-GIG. A wizened old woman dressed ex-
travagantly, or as they say here an old yow
(i. e. ewe) dressed lamb-fashion. Line.

PHRASE. " I shall soon larn the phrases of
the house ;" that is, the habits of the family.

CODIW.

PHUNKY. Land completely saturated by rain

is said to be phunkv. IVariv.
PHY. (1)

The wyche my specyall Lord hath be.
And I his love and cause wyll phy.

Digby Mysteries, p. 113.
(2) An exclamation of disgust.
PIACLE. k heavy crime. {Lat.)
PIANOT. A magpie. North.
PICARO. A rogue. {Span.) Picaroon is,

perhaps, the more usual form.
PICCADEL. Is thus described by Blount, " the
round hem or the several dirisions set toge-
ther about the skirt of a garment or other
thing ; also, a kind of stiff collar, made in
fashion of a band. That famous ordinaiT near
St. James's called PickadiUy took denomina-
tion from this, that one Higgins a tajlor, who
built it, got most of his estate by piccadiUes,
which in the last age were much in fashion,"
Glossographia, ed. 1681, p. 495. Minsheu
describes it as " a peece fastened about the
top of the coUer of a doublet," ed. 1627, p.
546, and Cotgrave, " the severall cUrisions or
peeces fastened together about the brimme of
the collar of a doublet." In Middleton, v.
171, the term is apparently to the implement
used by the tailor in the making of the^icca-
del. See Mr. Cunningham's notes to Rich's
Honestie of this Age, p. 74. The piccadel
was made so that it could be taken off at the
pleasure of the wearer.

And in her fashion she is likewise thus.
In every thing she must be monstrous ;
Her picadell above her crowne up beares.
Her fardingale is set above her eares.

Drayton'* Poemst p. 235.

PICCHE. (1) Topick. (A.-S.)

(2) A pike. Nominale MS. f. 6.

(3) A bee-hive. North.
PICCHETTO. A game at cards.
PICHE. Pitch. Nominale MS.

He was black as any pyehe and lothely on to loke.
All foi-faren wyth the fyre stynk, and all of smoke.
Alias, goda fadur, seyde Wyllyam, be ye not

amendyd Jyt ?
To see yow come in thys degr^. nere-hande y lese

my wytt. 3IS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38.

PICHED. Fastened; situated. Gauayiie.
PICIERE. A breast-piece for a horse.
PICK. (1) A pitchfork. North.

(2) To play at pitch-and-toss. Line.

(3) To go forth from a place. To pick a matter,
to pick a quarrel with anyone. Pick a thanh.
to crouch for a favour. Picks and hearts,
red spots on the body. To turn a pick-pie,
to make a summerset.

(4) To fling or pitch ; to throw. " I holde a
grote I pycke as farre with an arowe as you,"
Palsgrave. Compare Coriolanus, i. 1. In
Lincolnshire, an animal that casts her young
untimely is said to pick it.

(5) A spike ; the sharp point fixed in the centre
of a buckler. " The pickes of painfull woe,"
Mirr. XIag. p. 74.

(6) A fork.

(7) To worm out a secret. West.

(8) To glean corn. West.

(9) An emetic. North. We have pyke in the
same sense in Nominale MS. " Pvkyd, or
purar^'d from fvlth, or other thyng grevous,"
Pr.Parv. MS.Harl. 221.

(10) A diamond at cards. Grose says it means
a spade.

(11) Thin ; deUcate. Line.

(12) A basket used for drawing coals up out of a
pit. Chesh.

(13) To dress out finely.

(14) To pick up, i. e. to improve gradually in
health. Var. dial.

PICK-A-BACK. To ride pick-a-back is to ride
on the back and shoulders of another. Var.dial.

PICKATREE. The woodpecker. North.

PICK-CHEESE. The titmouse. East.

PICK-DARK. Quite, or pitch-dark. North.

P1CKE.\RER. One who robs. {Span.)
The club pickearey, the robust churchwanlei.
Of Lincolne's Inn back corner, where he angles
For cloaks and hats, and the sraale game entangles.
Fletcher's Poems, p. 190.

PICKED. Finically smart in dress.

PICKEDEVANT. A beard cut to a sharp point
in the middle under the chin.
Boy, oh .' disgrace to my person ! Sounes, boy.
Of your face ! You have many boyes with such
Pickadevaunts I am sure. Taming of a .Vtrew, p. 184.

PICKEER. To rob, or pillage. {Span.) Pro-
perly, to skirmish before a battle begins.

V^- garrison w'li some commons and the scotch
horse piequoring a while close by the walls on the
east, drew off, after they had failed in snapping
Col. Graye's small regemeut of hors at St.inwick,
with much ado gott into the towne without losse.

Tuttie's ^'airative of the Siege of Carlisle, p. 6.

PID

621

PIE

PICKING-HOLE. A hole in a barn to receive

sheaves of corn. North.
PICKLE. (1 ) To pick. far. dial.

(2) To soak wheat. West.

(3) A small quantity. Xorth.

(4) .V mess; a confusion. Harrison seems to
use the word in a like sense in his Dcsc. of
of Britaine, p. 111. To hare a rod in pickle, to
have one ready for correcting a hoy with.

(5) .\ mischievous hov. Devon.

(6) To glean a field ' East.

(7) A hayfork. Somerset.

(8) To provide. Xorth.

(9) To eat mincingly, or squeamishly.
PICKLE-HERRING. A merrv-andrew.
PICKLING. (1) Pronding. North.

(2) A sort of tine canvass used for sieves or

covering safes. Line.
PICK-NIGHT. Dismal ; murkv. North.
PICK-POINT. A children's game.
PICK-PURSE. Common spurrey. Norf.
PIC'KRELL. A small or young pike, properly
the fish between a jack and a pike. It is the
translation of brocheton in Hollyband's Dic-
tionarie, 1593.
PICKSOME. Ilungrv; peckish. Sussex.
PICK-THANK. A"flatterer. Still in use. The
term was often applied to a talebearer.
The pick-thatik'e bannish'd the Ausonian gate :
The lifes of princes from their gifts take date.

Ftetcfiers Po''n>s. p. 127.

The pickethauke, a ship of great imployment,

that commonly sayles out of sight or hearing, her

lading being for the most part, private coniplaintes,

whispering intelligences, and secret informations.

Taylor's Workut, 1630, i.86.

PICK-TOOTH. A toothpick. This once fashion-
able instrument is said by Nares to have been
sometimes carried in the hat.
vV curious parke pal'd round about vi'ilh pick-teeth.

Randnlplt's Jmynttis, ii. 6.

PICK-LP. To vomit. Yorksh.
PICOISE. A kind of pick-a.xe. [A.-N.)
With picoises, mattoke, manyaknyjt
Felde the walles to grounde ri;t. MS. Addit.lOKK, f. 30.
PICT-HATCH. A notorious haunt of prosti-
tutes in Clerkenwell.

Borrow'd and brought from loose Venetians,
Becoms Pic^^/iafc;i and Shoreditch courtizans.

Du Barlas, p. 576.
These be your Picke-hatch curtezan wits that
merit (as onejeasts upon them) after their decease
10 bee carted in Charles waine.

Optic* Classe of Humort, 1639, p. 89.
PICTREES. Ghosts. North.
PICTURE. Figure ; a perfect pattern of a thing ;
e. g. " It's a picter of a horse," i. e. an excel-
lent one ; also used ironically, as " you are a
pretty /7!c/fr," i. e. a strange figure.
PIDDLE. (1) To pick straws or do any light
work. Glouc.

(2) To go about pretending to work, but doing
little or nothing, as after illness ; a man is
said to go piddling about, though as yet un-
able to do much. Suffolk.

(3) Mingere. Var. dial.

(4) To eat mincingly or daintily.

PIE. (1) A receptacle for rape-seed. Yorksh.

(2) When potatoes are taken up out of the
ground wherein they have grown, they are
put, for the purpose of preserving them, into
a pit or grave, and covered over with earth ;
they are then said to be in pie and to be pied.
Line.

(3) The Popish ordinal. See Blount, who was
puzzled with the term.

(4) To make a pie, to combine in order to make
money. North.

(5) .\ magpie. {J.-N.) Hence, a prating gossip,
or telltale. Wily pie, a sly knave. " Howbeit
in the English pale to this day they use to
tearme a slie cousener a wiliepie," Stanihur^t's
Descr. of Ireland, p. 13.

Then Pandare, lyke awyly p;/e.

That cowld the matter handell,
Stept to the tabell by and by,
.^nd forthe he blewe the candell.

Ballcid 0/ Tioilus, c. loSti.
I wylbe advysyd, he sayde.

The wynde ys wast that thow doyst biowe ;
I have anoder that most be payde,
Therfore thepye hathe pecked yow.

MS.Rxiu!. C.25S.

(6) The sum total ; the entire quantity. Ord.
and Reg. p. 227. Also, a list or roll. A "pye"
of the names of baibtTs, 1 Edward VI. is pre-
served among the miscellaneous documents at
the Rolls House, i. 140.

(7) The beam or pole that is erected to support
the gin for loading and unloading timber. It
is also called xhe pie-tree.

PIECE. (1) A cask, or vessel of wine.

(2) .\ whore. " This lewde erack'd abominable
peice," Strode's Floating Island, sig. E. i,
meaning that she had the lues venerea.

(3) A Uttle while. North.

(4) A field, or inclosure. West.

(5) To fall in pieces, parturio.

(6) The piece or double sovereign was worth
twenty-two shillings.

(7) When potters sell their goods to the poor
crate men the reckon them by the piece, i. e.
quart or hollow ware, so that six pottle or
three gallon bottles make a dozen or 12
pieces, and so more or less as cf greater or less
contents. The flat wares are also reckoned by
pieces and dozens, but not (as the hollow) ac-
cording to their contents, but their different
breadths. Staff".

PIECE-OF-ENTIRE. A joUv fellow.

PIEFINCH. A chaffinch. North.

PIELES. puis?

Likewise if a man be sicke of the collicke, and
drink three pieles thereof in sweet wme, it jirocureth
him much ease; being decocted with hony and
eaten every day, the quantity of a beane in desperate
cases, meudeth ruptures in the bowels.

Tvpsell's Beasts, KKl?, p. i7''.

PIEPICKED. Piebald. Devmi.

PIE-POUDRE-COURT. A summai-y court of
justice formerly held at fairs.

PIERS. Handia'ils of a foot-bridge.

PIEUST. Comfortable. Northumb.

PIE-WIPE. The lapwing. East.

PIG

622

PIG

PIF. Pith. Nominale MS.

PIFLE. To steal, or pilfer. North. Also, to

be squeamish or delicate.
PIG. (1) A vroodlouse. Var. dial.

(2) Sixpence. A cant term.

(3) To pig together, to lie or sleep together two
or more in abed. To buy a pig in a poke, to
purchase anything without seeing it. Pig
eyes, very small eyes. He can have boiled pig
at home, he is master of his own house.
Brandy is Latin for pig and goose, an apology
for drinking a dram after either. To please
the pigs, {see Fix.) To bring one's pigs to a

fine market, to be very imsuccessful. He's like
a pig, he'll do no good aline, said of a selfish
covetous man. As happy as a pig in muck,
said of a contented person dirty in habit.
PIG.\CE. The meaning of the last line of the
following passage may be best interpreted as a
phrase implying superior e.xcellence. I know
not whether it has any connexion v\ith the
ordinary meaning of pigace, an ornament worn
on the sleeve of a robe.

If thou gafejogylloursof thi thinge.
For to be in thaire prayssynge.
Or thou made wrystlyng in place.
That none ware haldyne to thi pijgttce.

R, de Brunne, MS. Bowes,]). 36.
PIG-ALL. The whitethorn berry, tfest.
PIG-CHEER. All such echbles as are princi-
pally composed of pork ; such as raised pork-
pies, sausages, spareribs, &c. These are sent
as presents to friends and neighbours about
Christmas time, when it is usual in this county
to kill pigs hv wholesale. Line.
PIG-COTE. A pigsty. West.
PIG-EATER. A term of endearment.
PIGEON-HOLES. A game Uke our modern
bagatelle, where there was a machine with
arches for the balls to run through, resembling
the cavities made for pigeons in a dove-house.
Three-pence I lost at nine-pins; but I got
Six tokens towards that at pigeon-hitles.

The Jiitipodes, 1638.
Ox roasted whole, horse-racing, pigin-ho'es.
Great football matches, and a game at bowls.

Ballads on Frost Fair, 1681, p. 29.

PIGEON-PAIR. Twins, when a boy and giri.
It is believed by some that pigeons and doves
always sit on two eggs, which produce a male
and female chick, which Uve and love together
their lives through.

PIGEONS. Sharpers who, during the drawing
of the lottery, wait ready mounted near Guild-
hall, and as soon as the first two or three num-
bers are drami, which they receive from a
confederate on a card, ride with them full
speed to some distant insurance office, before
fixed on, where there is another of the gang,
commoidy a decent-looking woman, who takes
care to be at the office before the hour of
drawing ; to her he secretly gives the number,
which she insures for a considerable sum.
Grose.

PIGEON'S-MILK. A scarce article, in search
of which April fools are despatched.

PIGER. A pitcher. Somerset.

PIGGATORY. Great trouble. Esse.r.

PIGGINS. (1) Small wooden vessels made in
the manner of half-barrels, and having one
stave longer than the rest for a handle.

(2) The joists to which the flooring is fixed ; but
more properly the pieces on which the boards
of the lower floor are fixed. Devon.

PIGGLE. To root up potatoes with the hand.
Northamptonsh.

PIGGV-WHIDDEN. The Uttle white pig, the
smallest of the veers. One is generally smaller
than the rest, weak and white ; its whiteness
denoting imbecilitv.

PIGHT. (1) Strength ; pith.

(2) The shoidder pight in horses is well de-
scribed in Topsell's Four-Footed Beasts, 1B07,
p. 399, and in Diet. Rust.

(3) Placed ; pitched ; fixed.

Sche had a lorc'.e, ageiityllknyght.

That loved wele hysGci.the sothe to say;
The lady was in sorowe i>yi;ht ,■

Sche grevyd God, false was hiir lay.

J)/S. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38. f 4(;.
The king being therof advertised, with great dili-
gence brought his army to Blacke Heath, and there
pif?ir his tentes. Hall, Henry rl.f.Sl.

At Covyntre that gentill prynce was trowblid mer-

velously,
Wyth the scourge of God thus betyn washee :
Mete, dryncke, and logynge his pepull lackyd certaynly,
Yett he pight his fclde in placis Ihre
To fyght with Warwicke and all his meny ;
But he was afFrayed, and his people also.
In e\ery thynge, Lorde, thy wille bedoo!

MS. Bibl. Reg. 17 D. xv.
PIGHTLE. A small meadow; any small en-
closed piece of land. East.

Also I will that my feofTees in those my said lands,
tenements, rents, services, wards, marriages, reliefs,
escheats, pighyts, meadows, &c.

Test. Vetust. p. 572.
PIG-HULL. A pigsty. North.
PIG-IRON. A flat piece of iron, which the cook
interposes between the fire and meat roasting,
when she wants to retard, or put back that
operation. It is hung on the bars by a hook.
PIGLE. The herb shortwort.
PIG-LEAVES. The cotton thistle. North.
PIGLING. Trifling; insignificant.
PIGXOLL. The pine-apple. (/•>.)
PIGNUTS. Earth-nuts. North.
PIG-POKER. A pig-driver. Far. dial.
PIG-RUNNING. A piece of game frequently
practised at fairs, wakes, &c. A large pig,
whose tail is cut short, and both soaped and
greased, being tiu"ned out, is hunted by the
young men and boys, and becomes the property
of him who can catch and hold liim by the
tail, above the height of his head.
PIG-SCONCE. A dull heavy fellow.
PIGS-CROW. A pigsty. Devon.
PIGS-LOOSE. A pigsty. West.
PIGS-LOUSE. A woodlouse. Somerset.
PIGSNIE. A term of endearment, generally
to a young girl. See the Tales of the Mad
Men of Gotham, p. 19.

PIK

623

PIL

And here you may see I have

Even sucli an other.
Squeaking, gibbering, of evetfe degree.
The player fooles deare darling pt^fnie
He calles himselfehis brother.
Come of the veriesame fainilie.

Tarlton'a Horse loads of Fooles.

PIGS-PARSXIP. Cow parsnip. West.
PIGS-SNOUT. A kind of caterpillar.

There is yet another catter-piller of yellow-
blaekish colour, called Porcellus, we may in English
call it pi^geg-sniiure, in respect of the fashion of the
head, e(;pecially the greater sort of these, for the
lesser have round white specks upon their sides, and
these live and are altogether to be found amongst
the leaves of the Marsh Trifolie, which they con-
sume and devoure with an incredible celerilie.

Tnpseirs SerpcT.ls, lliOS, p. 104.
PIGS-MHISPER. A very low wldsper. ,

PIG-T.\IL. The least candle, put in to make

up weight. Yrjrish.
PIG-TREE. A pigsty. North.
PIGWIGGEX. A dwarf. Drayton gives this
name to one of his fairies.

What such a nazardly pi^cic/^en,
A little hand-strings, in a biggin

Cotton's Works, 1734, p. 197.
PIHER. A gipsev ; a tramp. Sussex.
PIK. Pitch. North.

y se men come to shryfte so thykke
Of some here soulesas blak as pykke.

MS.Hai-l. 1701, f. 83.
PIKAR. A little thief. Prompt. Pai-v.
PIK-AXE. The ace of spades. West.
PIKE. (1) A ha>-fork, especially a pitching-
fork. Glouc. In Salop, a picka.xe is so called.

(2) The top of a hill.

Not far from Warminster is Clay-hill, and Ccp-
rip about a quarter of a mile there; they are pikea
or vulcanos. Au*>reti'8 Wilts, Royal Soc. MS. p. 71.

(3) To Steal. (4) To peep. Ctiaiicer.

(5) A large cock of hay. Nort/i.

(6) The crackowe or long-pointed shoe, which
was introduced into England ahout 1384.
See Vita Ricardi II. ed. Hearne, 1729, pp. 53.
126. " Pvke of a shoo," Pr. Parv.

(7) To pick. Nominale MS.

But ever, alas ! I make my mone.
To se my sonnys hed as hit is here ;
I pt/ke owt ihornys be on and on.
For now lig^us ded my dere son dere.

Its. Canlah. Ff. v. 4S, f. 72.
Y pyke ow t thorn ys by oon and oon .

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 47.

(8) To run away. Gro-^e.

(9) A staff. See Isumbras, 497.

Both pyke and palme, alles pilgram hym scholde.

Morte Arthurs, MS. Lincoln, f. 90.

(10) To mark? (J..S.)

And now y syng, and now y syke.
And thus my contynaunce y pyk.:

Goiter, MS Cantab. Ff. i. G, f. 4.
With the upcaste on hire he siketh.
And many a contiuaunce he piketfi.

Gouer, M.S. .So,-. .4ntiq. 13i, (. 43.
Foralle men on hym can pi/fre,
For he rode no nodur iyke.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 242.

( 1 1 ) A turnpike, far. dial.

(12) To cleanse. See Pic/c (9).

PIKED. Pointed. Thvnne, p. 19.

PIKE-HARNEYS. Plunderers. (A.-N.)

PIKEL. A pitchfork ; a havfork. North.

PIKELED. Fine and small.' Hearne.

PIKELET. A kind of crumpet i a thin circular
tea-cake. Var. dial.

PIKE-OFF. Be gone ! £as/.

PIKE-PENNY. A miser. Prompt. Parv.

PIKER. (1) A tramp. East Sussex.

(2) A small vessel, or fishing boat.

PIKES. Short butts which fill up the irregu-
larity causetl by hedges not mnning parallel.

PIKE-\V.\LL. A wall built in a manner di-
verging to a point at its summit, jrest
*' Pykewall, murus pyramidalis,'^ Pr. Parv.

PIK-IRON. The pointed end of an anvil.

PIKY'. A gipsev. Kent.

PIL. A heavy club. North.

PILCII. An outer garment, generally worn in
cold weather, and made of skins of fur.
" Pelicium, a pylcbe," Nominale MS. The
term is still retained in connected senses in
our dialects. " A piece of flannel or other
woollen put under a child next the clout is in
Kent called a pilch ; a coarse shagged piece
of rug laid over a saddle for ease of a rider is
in our midland parts called a pilch," MS.
Lansd. 1033. " Warme pilche and warme
shon," MS. Digby 86. In our old dramatists,
the term is applied to a buffer leather jerkin,
and Shakespeare has pitcher for the sheath of
a sword.

Wha so may noghte do his dede, he salle to park,

Barefote wilhowttene schone, and ga with lyarde.

Take hym unto his pilcne, and to his paternoster.

And pr-iy for h>m that may do, for he es bot a wastur.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 148.

Thy vesture that thou shalt use ben these, a

warme pr/lcfie for wynter, and oo kiitel, and oo cote

for somer. MS. Boill. 423, f . 182.

PILCROW. The mark g^. " Pylcrafte yn

abooke," Prompt. Parv. MS. Hari. 221.
PILE. (1) An arrow.

Thus he arrives unto these heroes sight.
His vesture pierc'd vthh piles, as oft in fight
He did such glorious markes receive from foes.

Hotvard's Brittish Princes, 1669, p. 11.

(2) Deeply involved. "In npiteof wrangle,"
i. e. deeply involved in the dispute.

(3) The side of a coin having no cross. See
Cro.is-and-Pile.

(4) The head of an arrow.

(5) A small tower. North. See Harrison's
Descr. of Britaiue, p. 38.

(6) To break off the awns of barley with an iron.
Var. dial.

(7) A blade of grass. North.

(8) .\. weight of anything.

(9) A kind of poker, with a large flat handle,
used by bakers. A drawing of one is given
in my copy of the Nominale MS. f. 21.

(10) To welt a coat. Somerset.
PILE-MOW. A wooden hammer used in

fencing. Lane.
PILF. Light grass and roots, raked together
to be burnt. Cornw.

PIL

624

PIM

PILGER. Aflsh-spear. East. Most probably
connected -nith algere, q. v.

PILGRIM-SALYE. An old ointment, made
chiefly of swine's grease and isinglass.

riLIERS. Places ou the downs intemiptmg
their equable smooth surface, tufts ol long
grass, rushes, short furze, heath, &c. often
matted together and often forming good cover
for hares. Cornw. .

PILIOL. Wild thyme. It is mentioned m a
receipt in MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 286.

PILL. (1) To steal; to spoil.

Thou sal noght be tyrant til thaim, to v<u-
thaime, and spoyle thaim, als the wicked princei dus.
MS. Coll. Eton. 10, f. 5.
Item he assembled certain Lancashire and Cheshire
men to the entent to make warre on the foresaid
lordes, and suffered them to robbe and pill without
correction or reprefe. Hall, Henry IK f.7.

(2) To peel. Dent's Pathway to Heaven, p. 20.

(3) The kernel of a nut ; the rind green shell of
fruit. "The huske oi pill of a greene nut
■which blacketh ones fingers and hands,"
Hollyband's Dictionarie, 1593. " P.vU of
hempe, /H," Palsgrave.

(4) The refuse of a hawk's prey.

(5) A kind of pitcher. South.

(6) A small creek. Heref. " S. Caracs pill or
creeke,' ' Harrison, p. 61 . The cliannels through
which the drainings of the marshes enter the
river are termedpills.

From S. Juste iMle or creke to S. Manditus
creeke, is a mile dim.

Lelan<rs Itinerary, IV69, iii. 29.

(7) A rock. Somerset.
PILLAW. A sea dish, mentioned in the novel

of Peregrine Pickle, cap. 9.
PILL-COAL. A kind of peat. Vest.
PILLED. Bald. " Pylled as one that wantetb
heare, pellti," Palsgrave. A bad head when
the hair comes olT was also so called.

The Sphinx or Spiiinga is of the kinde of apes,
having his body rough like apes, but his breast up
to his necke, pi'rfe and smooth without hayre : the
face is very round yet sharp and piked, having the
breasts of women, and their favor or visage much
like them : In that part of their body which is bare
without haire, there isa certaine red thing rising in
a round circle like mUlet seed, which giveth great
grace and comelinesse to their coulour, which in the
middle parte is humaine. Topssira Beasts, 1G07.

He behelde the body on grownde,
Hyt stanke as a pylli/d hownde.

i£S. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 192.

PILLER. A robber. Palsgrace. One who
committed depredations without indulging in
a criminal act was also so called ; a person
who imposed, as an overcharging innkeeper.

PILLERDS. Barley. Cornw.

PILLET. A skin or hide. Pr. Pan.

PILLEWORTHIS. Pillows.

PILLIARD. Akindof cloak. (/4.-iY.)

PILLICOCK. The penis. It occurs very fre-
quentlvin Florio, pp. 159,382, 385, -409,449,
454, &c. A man coniiilaining of old age, in
a poem of the beginning of the thirteenth
century, says, —

Y ne mai no more of love done,
Mi pilkoc pisseth on mi schone.

Reliq. Antiq. U. 211-

The word also occurs in some lines in King Lear,
iii 4, which are stUl favorites in the nursery
under a slightly varied form. See Collier's
Shakespeare, vii. 427. It was Ukewise a term
of endearment. " A prime-cocke, a.pilhcoeke,
a darhn, a beloved lad," Florio, p. 382. See
also ibid. p. 554 ; Cotgrave, in v. TureUreau,
ntaiilt.

PILLION. The head-dress of a pnest or gra-
duate " Hie pilleus est ornamentum capitis
sacerdotis vel graduati, Anglice a hure or a
pvUvon," ilS. Bibl. Reg. 12 B. i. f. 12. In
the MS. Morte .Arthure, f. 89, a king is repre-
sented as wearing a " pilhone hatt."

PILLOWBERE. A pUlow-case. "vij- py'lo-
ben-s," inventory, MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. o».
Also called a pillowslip or pillow-tie.

PILL-P\TES. Shaven heads ; friars.

PILM. Dust. Devon. Grose has piUuvi.
Hence piltni/, dusty.

PILMER. Fine small rain. Devon.

PILRAG. A fallow field. Sttssej-.

PILT. Put; placed. {A.-S.)

Now am y of my lande pylte.
And that ys ryght that y so bee. __ , ^ „
ifS. C<i«M6. Ff. ii. 38, f.242.

And ho socurseth withoutyn gylt,
Hyt shal on hys hede be pj/C

M.?. HaW. 1701.f.9-
PILWE. A pillow. {A.-S.) " Pulvinar,

pylwe," MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45.
PIME. To peep about ; to pry. North.
PIMENT. A favorite drink with our ancestors.
The manner of makmg it is thus described in
a MS. of the fifteenth century in Mr. Petti-
grew's possession, "Take clowis, quibibus,
maces, canel, galvngale, and make powdir
therof, temprvng it with good wyne, and the
thrid party honv, and dense hem thorow a
clene klothe ; also thou mayest make it wnih
good ale."

Ther was piment and clar^.

To heighe lordinges and to meyni.

Jrtltour and Merlin, p. !1*>.
Hyt was y-do without lette.
The cloth was spred, the bord was sette.

They wente to hare sopere.
Mete and drynk they haddeafyu,
Pyement, clari, and Reynysch wyn.
And elles greet wondyr hytwer.

Illustrations of Fairy Mythology, p- 13.
And laf him souke of the pyment soote.

Lydgate, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134. f. H.
And yafe hym saukeof thepj/mciit sote.
That spronge and grewe outc of the holy rote.

Lydgate, US. Jthmole 39, f. 53.
Malmasyes, Tires, and Rumneys,
With Capetikis, Campletes, and Osneys.
Vernuge, Cute, and Raspays also,
Whippet and Pyngmedo, that ben lawyers thertoj
And I will have also wyiie de Ryne,
With new maid Clarye, that is good and fyne,
Muscadell, Terantyne, and Bastard,
With Ypocras and Pyment comyng afterwarde.

MS. Ratnt.C.M,

PIN

62,j

PIN

PI.MENTARIE. Balm. Gerard.
PI.MGENET. A small red pimple. "Nine

pimgeiiets niakft a pock roval," Old Saving.
PIMPING. Little ; pitiful." Vest.
PIMPLE. The head, lar.dial.
PIN. (1) A disease in hawks.

(2) The hip. Somerset.

(3) On the pvifOaihe qui rive. In a merry pin,
i. e. a mern' humour, half intoxicated.

(4) A small peg of wood.

Hit was so clene y-ta!'e away withinneon nyjtt
That thtre was never ajn/nne stondylig ther.

Chron. Viliidun. p. 117.

(.i) To do a thing in haste. Lane.
PIN-AND-WEB. A kind of excrescence in the
hall of the eye.

L'ntill some quack-salver or other can picke out
that pin and webbe which is stucke into both his
eyp^. A KnipifiOmjuring, 16<»7.

For a pin or web in the eye. Take two or three
lice out of ones head, and put them alive into the
eye that is grieved, and so close it up, and most as-
suredly the lice will suck out the web in the eye, and
Will cure it, and come forth without any hurt.
TAtf Ofuntess of Kenfs Clioice ^tjiwil, ed. 1676, p. 75.
PINAUNTE. A penitent. (^.-A'.)

Thys maketh me to drowpe and dare,
That y am lyke a pore pynaunte.

MS. Canlab. Ft. ii. 38, f. 21.
PIX-BASKET. The youngest child of afamily ;

often the weakest and smallest.
PIN-BONE. The hip-hone. JT'est.
PINBOUK. A jar, or earthen vesseL
PIN-CASE. A pincushion. Xorih.
PINCH. (1) To he niggardly, lar. dial.

(2) To plait Unen.

Thus lend men thai can sey.
He is an honest prest in good faye,
3if his goujle be pynchit gay.

MS. Douce 302, f. 5.

(3) The game of pitch-halfpenny, or pitch-and-
hustle. Xort/i.

(4) " I pynche courtaysye as one doth that is
nvceof condTScions,^>y"aj(S le nycf," Palsgrave.

PINCH-BECK. A miserly fellow. HiUoet,
1552. Pincfirart, Devon. Gloss. Pinch-i/uf
is verj- common, and pinch-pemiy occurs in
Hollyhand's Dictionarie, 1593, as the trans-
lation of chiche.

PINCHEM. A tom-tit. Beds.

PINCHER. A niggard. StUlinuse.

PINCHERWIG. An earwig. Soutlt.

PIN -CLOTH. A pinafore. Somerset.

PINCOD. A pincushion. North.

PINCURTLE. A pinafore. Devon.

PINCUSHION. The sweet scabious. East.

PIND. (1) To impound an animal.

Weddes to take and bestes to ptjnd,
That was hym not commyn ofkynd.

MS.A,hmotet\, f. 3.

(2) Tainted, mouldy, said of meat. .\ saw which
ha3 lost its pUancy from being over-bent is
said to be pind, or pinny. West.

PINDER. The petty officer of a manor whose
duty it was to impound all strange cattle
straying upon the common. " Inclusor, a
pynder," Nominale MS.

In Wakefield there lives a jolly pfnder.
In Wakefield all on a green. Robin Hood, ii, 16
PINE. (1) Pain; grief. (.4.-S.) Still in use,
according to MS. Lansd. 1033.

But sone aftur come tythynges,
Marrok mett hys lorde kynge,

.\nd faste he can hym frayue.
Syr, he seyde, for Goddyspi/ne,
Of a thyng that now ys ynne
Whareof be ye so fayne ?

MS. CanCab. Ff. ii, 38, f. 72.
Thei goo aboute be viij. or nyne.
And done thehusbondes myculle pyne.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v, 48, f, 48.
Hwo liaveth helle dure unloke.
That thu art of pt/ne i-broke,

MS. Coll. Jea. Oxon. I. 29.

(2) To torment ; to torture. (.J.-5.) In use in
the pro%-inces in the sense to starve with cold
or hunger. Pined, reduced by hunger,

(3) The end. Somerset.

(4) Difficult; hard. North.

(5) To inclose, or shut up.

Mone men of hole cherche thai ben al to lewd.

I lekyn ham to a bred ii piiniid in a cage;
When he hath shertly hymselfe al be-scherewd.

Then he begynnys todaunce, to harpe, and to rage.
MS. Dutice 302, f. j.

PINER. A pioneer. (Fr.)
PINFALLOW. Winter fallow. North.
PINFOLDS. Pounds for cattle. Palsgrave has
this word, " I pounde I put horse or beestes
in the pynfolde." Inclusorium, a pynfold,
Nominale MS.
PING, (1) To push, West.
(2) .\ kind of sweet wine,
PINGE. To prick. See Ping (1).

He pi7j^e his stede with spores kene.
And smot astrok that wassene.

Romance of Otuet, p, 55.

PINGLE. (1) A small inclosure, generally one
long and narrow. North.

( 2) To eat with very little appetite. Sharp's
MS. Warw. Gl. Nash uses the word.

'3) To labour very hard, without a correspond-
ing progress. North.

PINGLER, Generally from Pingle (2), as in
the following passage. It was also a term of
contempt, appUed to any small inferior person
or animal.

For this little beast is not afraide to leape into
the hunters face, although it can doe no great
harme, either with teeth or nailes. It is an argu-
ment that it is exceeding hot, because it is so bold
and eager. In the uppermost chap, it hath long
and sharp teeth, growing two by two. It hath
large and wide cheekes, which they alwaies fill, both
carrying in, and carrying out, they eate with both,
whereupon a devouring fellow, such a one as Sta-
simus a servant to Plautus was, is called Crycetus,
a hamster, because he filleth his mouth well, and f
no pingler at his meate.

TopseWs Beasts, 1607, p 534

PINGMEDO. A kind of wine.

PINGOT. A small croft. Lane.

PINGSWIG. A scarecrow. Yorish.

PIN-HEAD. Not worth a pin-head, i. e. of very
little value indeed.

PINIKIN. DeUcate. West.

40

PIN

626

PIP

PINING-STOOL. A stool of punishment ; a

cucking-stool. {J.-S.j
PINION. The skirt of a gown.
PINIONS. Refuse wool. Somerset.
PINIOUS. Of a weak appetite. North.
PINK. (1) To dye a pink colour.

(2) A kind of linnet. Line. In some counties,
the chaffinch is so termed.

(3) A stab. Also, to stab. Grose.

(4) A minnow. Still in use.

(5) A kind of small vessel. It occurs in the Merry
Wives of Windsor, ii. 2. Pinksterm, a very
narrow boat used on the Severn.

(6) SmaU. Pinky, pinky-winlcy, \-ery small, ex-
cessively small ; also, peeping with smaU pink
eyes. North.

(7) To peep sUly. North. Hence pinker, to
half shut the eyes. Pink-ing, winking, Harri-
son's England, p. 170.

(8) A game at cards, the same as Post and Pair.
See MS. Egerton 923, f. 49 ; CoUier's Hist.
Dram. Poet. ii. 315.

(9) A pinch. " Aye pynckes is your paye,"
Chester Plays, i. 126. North.

(10) To deck ; to adorn. Somerset.
PINKER. A robber, or ruffian ; a cutter. " So

many pinkers," CoUier's Old Ballads, p. 6. It
is left unexplained in Skelton, ii. 203. " Es-
ehiffeur, a cutter or pinker," Cotgrave.

PINK-EYED. Small eyed. Pmiany, pink-eye,
which is often a term of endearment, as in the
Two Angrie Women of Abingtou, p. 68. Pinck-
an-ey'd, SoUman and Perseda, p. 274.

PINKING. Poorly ; unwell. Dorset.

PINKNEEDLE. The herb shepherd's-bodkin.

PINNACE. A small vessel. Shakespeare ap-
parently applies the term to a person of bad
character, a panderer, or go-between, several
instances of which use may be supplied, though
not noticed by the commentators.

Hold, sirrah, bear you these letters tightly ;
Sail like my pinnace to these golden shores.

Slerry Wices of Windsor, i. 3.
For when all the gallants are gone out o' th' town,
O then these fine i-in<tieg lack their due lading.

Songa of tlie iMndon Pi-entices, p. 66.

PINNE. To bolt a door. (.V.-S.)

PINNER. A narrow piece of cloth which went
round a woman's gown at the top near the
neck. " Pinners, the upper parts of a lady's
head-dress when lappets were in fashion,"
MS. Devon Glossary.

PINNING. The low masonry which supports
a frame of stud-work. Ground pinning or
under-pinning is the masonry which supports
the wooden frame-work of a building, and
keeps it above the ground.

PINNOCK. (1) The hedge-sparrow. "A pin-
nocke or hedge span-owe which bringeth up
the cuckoes birds insteed of her owne,"
Withals' Dictionarie, ed. 1608, p. 22.
Thus in the pin/ac-fc'tf nest the cuckoo lays.
Then, easy as a Frenchm.in, takes her flight.

Peter Pindar, i. 416.

(2) To bring pinnock to pannock, to bring some-

thing to nothing, to destroy. " Brynge some-

thyuge tonothyuge, as thevulgare speacheis,

to brynge pynnock to pannock," Huloet, 1552.

(3) A brick or wooden tunnel placed mider a

road to carry otf the water. Sussex:
PINNOCKS. Fine clothes. Salop.
PINNOLD. A small bridge. Sussex.
PINNONADE. A confection made chiefly of
almonds and pines, and hence the name. See
the Forme of Curj', p. 31.
PINNOTE-TREE. Tlie round-leaved vine.

(J.-N.) Pynote, MS. Bibl. Reg. 12 B. i.
PIN-OF-THE-THROAT. The uvula.
PIN-PANNIERLY-FELLOW. A covetous fel-
low. " A pin-pennieble fellow, a covetous
miser that pins up his baskets or panniers,
or that thinks the loss of a pin to be a pain
and trouble to him," Kcnnett, MS.
PIN-PATCHES. Periwinkles. East.
PIN-PILLOW. A pincushion. Paltgrave. Cot
grave has, " Espinglier, a pin-piliow or cuslii
net to sticke pinnes on."
PINS. Legs. Var. dial.
PINSONS. (1) A pair of pincers. PaLigrrwe.
Still in use in the Western counties.

And this Pliny affirmeth to be proper to this in-
sect, to have a sling in the tayle and to have armes ;
for by arraes hee meaneth the two crosse forkes or
tonges which come from it one both sides, in the
toppes whereof are little thinges \\V.epijn8ons, to d<..
taine and hold fast, that which it apprehendetli,
whiles it woundeth with the sting in the tayle.

TopselVs Historic of Serpents, 1608, p. 2l'4.
(2) Thin-soled shoes. " Calceolus, pinsone,''
Norainale MS. Compare MS. Arundel 249,
f. 88. " Pynson sho, caffignon," Palsgi'ave.
The copy of Palsgrave Iielonging to the Cam-
bridge public library has " or socke" written
by a contemporary hand. " Soecattts, that
weareth stertups or pinsons," Elyot, ed. 1559.
See Ord. and Reg. p. 124.
PINSWEAL. A lioil. Dorset.
PINT. To drink a pint of ale.
PINTLE. Mentula. There is a receipt '• for
hoinyngof pgntelys" inMS.Sloane2584,p. 50.
For sore pr/ntulles Take lynschede, and starrne
smale, and than temper it with swete mylke, and
than sethe theme together, and than therof make a
plaster, and ley to, and anoynte it with the josle
of morell til he be whole. MS. Med. Rec. xv. Cent.
PINTLEDY-PANTLEDY. Pit-a-pat. Line.
PIN-WING. The pinion of a fowl.
PINY. The piony. Far. dial.

Using such cunning as they did dispose
The ruddy pin^ with the lighter rose.

Broti'ne's Britftnnw'B Pastorals, ii. H2.

PIOL. A kind of lace. The method of making
it is described in a very curious tract on laces
of the fifteenth century', MS. Harl. 2320, f. 59.

PIONES. The seeds of the piony, which w.-re
formerly used as a spice. {.-i.-N.)

PIOT. a' magpie. North.

PIOTTY. Variously coloured. Yorksh.

PIP. (1) .A. single blossom. Warw. Also, a
small seed, any diminutive olyect.

(2) The lues venerea. South.

1^3) Anger \ oiTence. Exmoor,

PIR

627

PIT

PIPE. (1) A beer cask. North. Pipe-staves,
staves for a cask, Florio, p. 159.

(2) A charge of powder, or shot, which was for-
merly measured in the bowl of a pipe.

(3) A small ravine or dingle breaking out from a
larger one. Chesh.

(4) A large round cell in a beehive used by the
queen bee. West.

(5) To cry. A cant term. From pipe, the throat,
or voice ; the windpipe. Piping, wheezing,
Eimoor Dial. p. 7.

PIPE-DRINK. Sparkling weak ale, in great

estimation l)y pipe-smokers. West.
PIPER. An innkeeper. Devon.
PIPERE. The lilac tree. Urry, p. 415, 1. 178.
Theboxtre, pipere, holye for whippes to lasche.

MS. Cantab. Ft. i. 6, f. 25.
PIPE-STOPPEL. A tobacco-stopper. North.
PIPIX. The windpipe. Nominale MS.
PIPING. (1) The noise made by bees prepara-
tory to swarming. North.
(2) The en.' of young birds. Hence, metaphori-

callv, said of anvthiug innocent or harmless.
PIPING-HOT. Very hot. Palsgrave.
Piping htit, smoking hoi !
What have 1 got ?
Vou have nut ;

Hot grey pease, hot ! hot ! hot ! London Crrf.e,p 12.
PIPION. Ayoimgcrane. " Cranes whyche be

yonge called pipions," Huloet, 1552.
PIPLE. To pipe. Skelton.
PII'LIX. A poplar tree. Somerset. Called a

pipple in some counties.
PIFPERIDGE. The barberrv tree. East.
PIPPIN. A pipkin. Line. '
PIRAMIS. A pvramid. Drayton.
PIRE. A pear tree. (.V.-A'.)

of good pii-t com gode perus,
Werse tre wers fruyl berus.
Cursor ilundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 1 .

PIRIE. A Storm of wind. Palsgrave.

For sodainly there rose a straunge storme and a
qiiicke piiie, so mischevous and so pernicious, that
nothinge more execrable, or more to be abhorred,
could happen in any Christian region.

Hall, Henry Vl. f. 55.

PIRL. To spm as a top ; to wind wire of gold
or silver. West. Pirling-wheel, a spinning-
wheel in a clock.
PI RLE . A brook, or stream .

A broket or pirle of water renning out of an hiUc
nere the toun and cumming thorough a peace of
the toun withyn the walle.

LelaniTs Itinerary, 1769, iii. 132.
PIRLED. Flat. Devon.
PIRLY. Small and round. Northuinb.
PIRN. A piece of %vood turned to wind thread
on. A stick with a loop of cord for twisting
on the nose of refractory horses. North.
" Pj-me or webstars lome, mestier a tisser,"
Palsgrave, 1530.
PIRNED. Dried up ; pined. Cnmb.
I*IR<JPES. .\ stone of a red colour.
PIRTLE. To slaver at the mouth.
Now 1 pirtle, 1 pofte, I poute,
1 snurpe, 1 snobbe, 1 sneipe on snoute.

Reliq. Antiq. ii. 211.

PIRTY. Pretty. Jar. dial.

PISCINE. A shallow stone basin generally
placed in a niche in old cliurches and furnished
with an outlet for the water in which ttie priest
washed his hands, &c.

PISHTY. A call used to a dog.

PISNET. A pump or slipper. Holme.

PISPER. To make mischief. Devoiu

PISSABED. The dandelion.

PISSANNAT. The common ant. Salop.

PISSING-CANDLE. The least candle in a
pound, put in to make up weight.

PISSING. CONDUIT. The name of a small
conduit situated near the Royal E.\change,
and said to have been so termed from its run-
ning a small stream.

PISSING-WHILE. "But a pyssynge whyle,
tant quon aurogt piss^, or ce pendent ,'^ Pals-
grave. The phrase occurs in Shakespeare.

PISSMOTE. Ants, or pismires. West.

PIST. Hist ! An exclamation.

PISTEL. A wild disorderlv fellow.

PISTELL. An epistle. (Lat.) Pisfeller, one
who reads or sings the epistle. Palsgrave,
however, has, " pysteller that syngeth the
masse." It occurs in Nominale MS.

PISTER. To whisper. E.rmoor.

PISTOL. A swaggering fellow. Perhaps from
pistolfo, explained by Florio, " a roguing
begger, a cantler, an upright man that liveth
by cosenage." Hence Shakespeare's character
of that name.

PISTOLET. Meant both a Spanish pistole,
and a small pistol.
One would move love by rythmes ; but witchcrafts

charms,
Bring not now their old fears, nor their old harms.
Rams and slings now are silly battery,
Ptstolets Ate the best artillery. Donnas Poems, p. 122.

PISTURE.

My fires have driven, thine have drawn it hence ;
.\nd I am rob'd ot pisture, heart, and sense.
Dwells with me still mine irksome memory,
Which both to keep and lose grieves equally.

Donne's Poems, p. 195.

PIT. (1) A spot, or mark. (2) To match.

PITAILE. Foot-soldiers. {A.-N.)

PITANCE. A mess of rictuals. (^.-A'.) Pi-
tancer, one who gave out provisions.

PITCH. (1) A skin of fur.

(2) Weight or momentum. I'ar. dial. It oc-
curs in Holinshed, Conq. Ireland, p. 60.

(3) The height to which a hawk soars before
stooping on its prey.

(4) The quantity taken up at one time on a hay-
fork. West. Also, to load hay or straw.

(5) To sit down. Var. dial.

(6) An iron crow-bar with a thick square point
for making holes in the ground. Hence to
pitcli, to make holes in the ground for hur-
dles, &c.

(7) Pilch and pay, throw down yoiu" money
at once, pay ready money.

(8) To pave rouglily. South.

l9) Pitch in, to set to work; to beat or thrash
a person.

PIT

628

PLA

(10) The point of the shoulder.

This is when the shoulder point or pilch of the
shoulder is displased, which griefe is called of the
Ilali insspallalo, and it commeth by reason of some
great fal forward rush or straine. The signes be
these. That shoulder point wil sticke out further
then his fellow, and the horse will halt right downe.
TopaeU'a Four-Fooled Beaala, 1607.

(11) To fall away, or decline, as to lose flesh in
sickness. Somerset. A liquid is said to
pilch when it stands, and a sediment takes
place at the bottom of the vessel.

PITCH-.\ND-HUSTLE. Chuck-farthing. The
game of pitch-and-toss is very common, being
merely the throwing up of halfpence, the re-
sult depending on a guess of heads or tails.

PITCHATS. Broken glass, china, &c.

PITCIIED-AWAY. Emaciated. Devon.

PITCHED-MARKET. One in which corn is
brought and sold by the sack, not by the
saiuple.

PITCHER. (1) A pollard willow. West.

(2) The man who lifts or pitches the reaped corn
or hay up on to the waggon. His work is of
course cM.eA pitcheii, his implement 3. pitch-
fork. Those who unload the waggons on to
the stack, or goof, are called impitchers.

(3) A fierce mastitf. Yorksh.

PITCHING. Precipitation. It is used in its
chemical sense. West.

PITCHING-AXE. A large axe used cliiefly in
felling timber. Salop.

PITCHING.NET. A large triangular net at-
tached to two poles, and used with a boat
chiefly for the purpose of catching salmon.

PITCHING-PENCE. Pence formerly paid in
fairs and markets for every bag of corn.
Brand, ii. 271.

PITCHING-PRONG. A pitchfork. South.

PITCHING-STONES. Round stones used in-
stead of paving. J. of Wight.

PITCH-POLE. To make a thing pitch-pole is
to make it fetch double what you gave for it.
Oxon.

PITCH-UP. To stop. /. of Wight.

PIT-COUNTER. A game played by boys, who
roll counters in a small hole. The exact de-
scription 1 have not the means of giring.

PIT-FALL. A pecuhar kind of trap set in the
ground for catching small birds.

PITH. (1 ) A crumb of bread. Devon.

(2) Force ; strength ; might. (^A.-S.) Still in
use, according to Moor. " Pyththy, of great
substance, .■mbstancieux ; pyththy, stronge,
puissant" Palsgrave.

Thay called Percevelle the wight,
The kyng doubbed hyra to knyghte:
Thofe hecouthe littille in sighte.

The childe was of pilh. Perceval, 1640.

PITHER. To dig lightly ; to throw earth up

very gently. Kent.
PITHEST. Pitiful. Devon.
PIT-HOLE. A grave. Far. dial.
PITISANQUINT. Pretty well. Somerset.
PITMAN'S-PINK. The single pink. Newc.

PITOUS. Mercifid; compassionate; exciting

compassion. Chaucer.
PIT-SAW. A large saw used in pits for cutting

a tree into planks. Var. dial.
PIT-STEAD. A place where there has been a

pit. Chesh.
FITTER. (1) To grieve. (2) To squeak. East.

The second meaning is an archaism.
PITTER-PATTER. To go pit-a-pat; to beat

incessantly ; to palpitate. North.
PITTHER. To fidget about. West.
PITY. " It were pity on my life," it would in-
deed be a pity.

For if I should as lion come in strife
Into this place, 'twere pii;/ on my life.

A Mitts. Niglif:s Dreamt v. 1
And should I not pay your civility
To th" utmost of my pooral)ility.
Who art great Jove's sister and wife.
It were e'en pity of my life.

Gallon's Poetical Works, 1734, p. 7
PITYFULL. Compassionate. Palsgrave.
PIX. (1) To glean orchards. West.

(2) The box or shrine in which the consecrated
wafers were kept. Hence is said to be derived
the phrase ju/fffse the pigs.

(3) A name given to the custom of the gold-
smiths of Loudon making a trial of the public
coin by weighing it before the privy council.
See a long paper by Mr. Black in the Journal
of the British Archaeological Association, i.
128, and Blount's Gloss.

PIXLIQUID. A kind of oU.
PIXY. A fairy. The term is not obsolete, and
like/fliVy, is common in composition. Pixy-
puff, a broad species of fungus. Pixy-rings,
the fairy circles. Pixy-seats, the entangled
knots in horses' manes. Pixy-stool, the toad-
stool. " Pyxie-led, to be in a maze, to be be-
wilder'd, as if led out of the way by hobgoblin,
or puck, or one of the fairies ; the cure is to
turn one of your garments the inside outward,
which gives a person time to recollect him-
self : the way to prevent it, some say, is for a
woman to turn her cap inside outward, that
the pyxies may have no power over her, and
for a man to do the same with some of his
clothes," MS. Devon GL
Thee pixie-Zerf in Popish piety.
Who mak'st thyself the triple crowns base drudge.

Clobery's Divine Glimpses, 1659, p. 73.
PIZE. (1) Fretfid ; peevish. West.
(2) A kind of oath. " ^\^lat the pizeails them,"

Whiter's Specimen, 1794, p. 19.
PI3T. Placed; reared.

He led hym forth upon that pleyne.
He was war of a pynapullepijr;
Sechan had he never seyne,

Offclothes of gold burnysshed brijt.

MS. Cantitb. Ff. v. 48. f. 6!l.
PLACARD. (1) A man's stomacher, which was
frequently adorned with jewels ; a kind of
breast-plate.

Some had the helme, the visere, the two baviers
and the two piac/ffirde* of the same curiously graven
and conningly costed.

Hall, Henry IV. f. 1».

PLA

629

PLA

(2) A printed sheet, folded so as to form a little
quarto book.

PLACE. (1) A house, or residence. (2) A bar-
ton. (3) A Jakes, far. dial.

(4) The pitch of a hawk or other bird of prey.
See Macbeth, ii. 4.

PLACEAN. Places. Leic.

PL.\CEBO. To sing placebo, i. e. to endeavour
to currv favour.

PL.\ClDiOUS. Gentle ; placid.

There was never any thing more strange in the
nature of dogs, then that which hapned at Rhodes
besieged by the Turke, for the dogges did thi re des-
ceme betwixt Christians and Turltes ; for toward
theTuiItes they were most eager, furious, and un-
appeasable, but towards Christians, although un-
knowne, most easie, peaceable, and placidiaus.

Topseirs Fttur-FiMjIed Beasts, I&i?, p. 158.

PLACINACION. Satisfaction ; atonement. This
word occurs in a curious macaronic poem, of
which mere are copies in MSS. Harl. 536
and 941. and a fragment in MS. llarL 218,
f. 32. (LaL Med.)

PL.\C1NG. Going out to service. North.

PLACK. (1) A piece of money. Cttmb.

(2) X portion or piece of anything, a piece of
ground, a portion of laboiu-, &c. U'est.

PLACKET. A woman's pocket. Still used in
this sense, according to Forby, ii. 255. It was
metaphorically applied to the female puden-
dum ; and the penis was termed the placket-
racket. This word has been so much mis-
understood that I am compelled to be some-
what plain in defining it. Grose has ^/ac^e/-
hole, a pocket-hole. Nares, Dyce, and other
writers, teU us a placket generally signifies a
petticoat, but their quotations do not bear
out this opinion. According to Moor, the
term is in some places applied to a shift.
Deliro playing at a game of racket.
Far put his hand into Florinda's placket :
Keep hold, said shee, nor any further go,
Said he, just so, the placket well will do.

Select Collection of Epigrams, 1663.

PLAD. Plaved. Somerset.
PL.\DDE. Pleaded.

And long for hit forsothe he pladde.

Chrou. Vilodun. p. 108.

PL.AGES. The divisions of the globe.
PLAGGIS. Cowslips. Arch. xxx. 411.
PLAGUY. Verv. Var. dial.
PLAIFAIER. A playfellow.

In so muche that for imprisonmente of one of his
wanton mates and unthriftie plaifaiei-s he strake the
chiefe justice with his fiste on the face.

Hairs Union, Henry V. f. I.
He left the conseyle of theise olde wyse menys,
and dede after the consel of chyldrin that weryn his
pteyferyn.

IVimhelton's Seimon, 1388, MS. Hatton, 57, p. 11.

PLAIN. (1) Middling. Dorset. " How's your

wife to day." "Ob, very^ioin, thankee, sir."

(2) To complain. North.

(3) An open space surrounded by bouses nearly
answering to the Italian Piazza. In the city
of Norwich there are several : as St. Mary's
Plain, the Theatre Plain, &c.

\i) A field. Palsgrave.

(5) Simple ; clear. Also, clearly.

Lorde, the unkyndnes was 8hewid to k\nge Edward

that day,
At his londyng in Holdymes he had grott payne ;
His subjectes and people wolde not hym obey,
OfFhym and his people thay had grett disdayn ;
There schewed hym unkyndnes and answerld hym

playne,
As for kynge he shulde not londe there for wele ne

woo;
V'ett londid that gentill prynce, the will of God was

soo I MS. Bibl. Reg. 17 D. XV.

(6) Play ; sport. ITeier.

(7) A kind of flannel.
PLAIN-DEALING. A game at cards.
PLAIN-SONG. Simple melody.

Our life is a plain-song with cunning pcn'd.
Whose highest pitch in lowest b;ise dolh end.

Tlie Return fiom Parnassxts, p. 277.
PLAINT. A complaint.

How miserable's he who in his mind
A mutiny against himself must find !
Justly this Spirit doth our plaints provoke.
So insupportable that makes our yoak ;
That presseth our assent above the sl.ie,
Though we are made of earth, l: d cannot flie.

MS. I-^^ms, xvii. Cent.

From the zeale of old Harry lock'd up with a whore.

From waiting with plaints at the Parliament dore.

From the death of a King without why or wherefore.

Fletcher's Poems, p. 1^.

PLAISE-MOUTHED. SmaU mouthed, like a
plaice ; and hence metaphorically used fur
primness or affectation.

PLAIT. A kind of small ship. Blount calls it
" a hoy or water vessel."

PLANCH. To plash hedges. Staff.

PLANCHED. Boarded. Dorset. It is also
an archaism. Planchen, boards. Devon.
" Plancher made of horiei, planchi," Palsgrave.
Forby has plancher, a boarded floor ; and
Palmer gives planches, the planks of a flooring.
The goodwife, that before had provided for after-
claps, had found out a privie place between two
seelingsof ap;'7W»ffter, and there she thrust Lionello,
and her husband came sweting. What news, quoth
shee, drives you home againeso soone, husband?
Marrye. sweet wife, quoth he, a fearfuil dreame that
I had this night, which came to my remembrance.
Tarlton's Metres out of Puigaloiie, p. ItiO.

PLANCHER. A plate. Nor/.

PLANE. The shaft of a crossbow.

PLANET. Climate. North.

PLANETS. Rain falls in planets, when it falls
partially and with violence. North. Forby
has the phrase by planets, capriciously, irtegu-
larlv, changeablv.

PLANET-STRUCK. Paralytic. Line. This
phrase appears to have been formerly in use
for any sudden and violent attack not known
by a familiar appellation. "A blasting or
planetstreeking," Florio, p. 44. .\ccording
to Markham, horses are said to be planet-
struck when there is a deprivation of feeUng
or motion, not stirring any of the members,
but that they remain in the same form as
when the beast was first struck. It comes to
a horse sometimes by choler and phlegm
superabundantly mlved together; sometimes

PLA

630

PLE

from melancholy blood, being a cold and dry
humour, which annoys the hinder part of the
brain ; sometimes of extraordinary heat or
cold, or raw digestion striking into the veins
suddenly; or lastly, from extreme hunger,
occasioned by long fasting.
PLANISH. To cover anything, as a table, room,
&c. with all sorts of articles untidily placed ;
as, when children have been playing together
and a room is heaped up with their playtliings.
(Qu. from Plenish for Replenish ?) Line.
PL.\NT. (1) An aim. Mi(ld,r.
(2) A club, or cudgel. Var. dial.
(3^ The foot. See Jensen, ™. 194. To water

one's pla/tfs, to shed tears.
PLANTING. A plantation. East.
PLAS.\D. In a fine condition. Exmoor.
PL.iSE. .K palace. Speiuer.

Ho ys more worthy withyn my plase ?
Mystryst the never, man, for thy mysdede.

Pieces of Ancient P(,ef)*y, p. 43.
PL.ASH. (1 ) To lower and narrow a broad-spread
hedge by partially cutting off the branches,
and entwining them with those left upright.
A rod cut half through, and bent down, is
termed a plash.
(2) A pool of water ; a large puddle, "Lacuna,

a playche of water," Nominale MS.
Betwysa plasche and a flode appone a flatelawn^ie.

itorle Jrthure, US. Lincitln, f. 83.
Roares, rages, foames, again<;t a mountaine dashes.
And in recoile makes meadowes standing plashes.

Sri'trne^s Britannia's Pastorals, p. 53.
If thu drynke the halfe, thu shalt fynde it no =CL>£f :
Of terryble deathe thu wylt slacker in the plishes.

Bdle's Kt/n^e Johan, p. 7fl.
At length, comming to a broad plash of water and
mud, which could not be avoyded, I fetcht a rise,
yet fell in over the anckles at the further end.

Kemp's Nine Daies Wonder, 1600.

PLASH Y. " Plashy waies, wet under foot ; to
plash in the dirt, all plash'd, made wet and
dirty ; to plash a traveller, to dash or strike
up the dirt upon him," MS. Lansd. 1033.
" A wet or a plashie ground," Nomenclator,
1585, p. 382.

PL.\T. (1) Plaited straw, of which bonnets are
made. Line.

(2) The mould-board of a plough. Norf.

(3) "I platte with claye, iarditle," Palsgrave.
" He platteth his butter upon his breed w'. his
thombe as it were a lytell claye," ibid.

(4) Place; situation. North.

(5) A small bridge. Chesh.

(6) .\ round of cow-dung. North.

(7 ) The flat of a sword. (^.-A' )

(8) .\nything flat or horizontal, as a piece of
timber so laid in building, &e.

(9) A map, or plan.
PL.\T-BLIND. Entirely bhnd.

PL.\TE. (1) Illegal silver money, but often ap-
plied to money generally. (Span.)

'2.) To clinch ; to rivet. North.

'3) A flat piece of metal, a term used in ancient
armoury ; an iron glove. " Plate of a fyyr
berth" is mentioned in the Pr. Pan-, and
explained by Ducange, in v. Retrofocilium,

" Ulud quod tegit ignem in nocte, vel quod
retro ponitur.''
PLAT-FOOTED. Splay-footed. Devon.
PL.\T-FORM. .\ ground-plan, or design ; the

list of divisions in a plav, &c.
FLATLY. Plainly; perfectly.

For she here crafte platly and here konnyng
Spente upon him ODly in wirkyng.

MS. Digby 230.
And resoun also platly can y none,
How amaydewith childeschulde gone.
And iioure forth in hire virginite.

Lydgate, MS.Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 5.
Whereof platly I am nothynge in doute.

Lydgate, MS. dshm. 39, f. 65
FLATNESS. Flatness. Palsgrave
PLATNORE. A species of clav. South.
PLATTE. To throw down flat. (.^.-A'.)
PLATTER-FACE. A verv broad face.
PL.\TTINDE. Journeying forth.

of hem ne wolde nevere on dwello.
That he ne come sone plattinde,
Hwo hors ne havede, com gangande.

Harelolt, 2282.
PL.\TTY. Uneven, having bare spots, as corn-
fields sometimes have. Susse,r.
PLAUSIVE. Plausible. Shai.

The Earl again is chosen, his title is sent him,
and he, in requital, sends many flattering and pluusive
letters, and, that they might be the more acceptable,
being sent unto scholars, wrote to them in Latin.
It is intolerable the flattery that he used.

MS. Harl. 4888.
FLAW. To parboil. East. " And plawe is
togedyr wel and fyne," Arch. xxx. 352.
Playing-hot, boiling hot. " Bellynge owere
as pottys plawyn," Pr. Parv. p. 43.
PLAY. (1) Sport'; pleasure. (J.-S.)
(2) .\ country wake. Somerset.
PLAY-DAY. A hoUday. T'ar. dial.
PL.\Y-FERE. A playfellow. Palsgrave.
He sayd, How '. base thou here
Fondene now thi play/ere ?
3e schalle haby it fuUe dere

Er that I helhene go ! Perceval, 190f.
PL.4Y-IN. To begin at once. South.
PLAY-LOME. A weapon. (J.-S.)
Go reche me my playlome, '
And I salle go to hym sone:
Hym were better hafe bene at Rome.
So ever mote I thryfe !

Perceval, 2013.
PL.U'NESS. Tlie plain fact.
PL.-\.Y-FEEP. To offer the least opposition.
PLAY"-S1IARP. Be quick, far. dial.
PLAYTOUR. A pleader. (.4.-.V.)

Thyr was a man that hyghte Valentyne,
Playtour he was and ryche man fyne.

MS. Harl. 1 701, t. 58.
PLAY"-UF. To commence playing upon a

musical instrument. Var. dial.
PLAZEN. Places. Somerset.
PLE.\CH. To intertwine. This term is still

current in the word plash, q. v.
FLE.\N. A tell-tale, or gossip. North.
PLEAS.\NT. Merry. Var. dial. " Fleasante,

propre. gatliarde," Palsgrave.
PLEASAL'NCE. Pleasure ; delight. (^.-A'.)

PLE

631

PLI

, p. 25.

, f. 34.

PLEASAUNTES. A kind of lawn or gauze. It
is mentioned in MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 141.

Over their garmentes were vocheltes of plea-
tauntes, rouled with crymosyne velvet, and set with
letters of gold like carettes, their heades rouled in
pt^asauntes and typpers tyke the Egipcians.

Hall Henry rui. (. 7.
On every side of her stoode a countesse holding
a clothe of pieasuunce when she list to drinke.

Hardyng, Suppt. f. 78.
PLEASE. To satisfy-. North.
PLEASURE. To please. Still in use.
PLEASURE-L.A.DY. A whore. See the Bride,

hy Thomas Nabbes, 4to. 1640, sie. E.
PLEASURES. Ornaments for dress.
PLEBE. The populace.

Which, borne out as well by the wisedome of the
poet, as supported by the worth of the actors,
wrought such impression in the hearts of the plehe,
that in short space they excelled in civility and go-
vernment. HeytcoofTs Apology for Acivrg, llilS.

PLECK. (1) A place. \ort/i.

(2) A plat of ground ; a small inclosure ; a field.

TTarw.
PLECKS. A term in haymaking, applied to the

square beds of dried grass. CAesA.
PLECTRE. A quiU. (Lat.)
PLEDGE. To become a surety for another ; to

redeem one. Palsgrave.
PLEDGET. A small plug ; a piece of lint, by
which the nostrils are plugged when excessive
bleeding takes place. Line.
PLEE. Pleading ; discord .'

Plente maketh pride.
Pride makelh pUe.

MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 30.
PLEEK. A parcel, or small packet.
PLEEXPIE. A talebearer. Xorth.
PLEIGHTTE. Plucked. ITeber.
PLEIGNEN. To complain. Gower.
Luke it be done and delte to my dere pople.
That none p/eyr.*' of theire parte o peyne of jour lyfez.
ilorte ..Irlhure, MS. Lincvln, f. 66.

PLEIR. A player. Nominale MS.
PLEK. A place, or plot. {A.-S.)

Thenne loke where a smothe plel< of grene is, and
theder here al this upon the skyn with as muche
blood as may be saved, and there lay it, and sprede
the skyn therupon the heer syde upward.

MS. Bodt. 546.

PLENE. Tofilh (.V..A'.)

Thai grone and plene thaire stomake.
For thaim bus nede itie fare.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 84.
PLENER. Completely i fully. {A.-X.)
He lokede yn hys alner.
That fond hym spcndyng alle plener.

Whan that he hadde nede.
And thernasnooD, for soth to say.
And Gyfre was y-ryde away
L'p Blaunchard hys stede.

Vhtstratujm of Fairy Mythftlogy

PLENERLICHE. FuUy. {.4..N.)
Not only upon ten ne twelve.
But plenerliche upon us alle.

Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq, 134

PLENNY. To complain fi-etfuUv. East.
PLE.VTETHE. Plenty.

Thonour in Marche lygnyfyes that ueme ;er»
grett wyndes, plenteihe off comes, and grette
stryff amanges the peple.
_, „,. ■*f'S. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 50

PLENTEVOUSNESS. Plentifulness.

.\ow, God, that art ful of al plentevoumesie ,
Of al vertuys, grace, and charyl^.
„, ^^. •"•5- Cantah. Ff. i. 6, f. 137.

PLEN^-TIDES. Full tides. Greene.
PLES. Palace. Thornton Rom. p. 194.
PLESERY. .\ flower garden. Line.
PLESINGES. Pleasures. Chaucer.
PLETE. To plead. {A.-N.)

Thou schalt be an apersey, my sone, in mylvs ij. or

thre,
V woKle thou had some fayre syens to amende wyth

thy degree ;
I wolde thou were a man of lawe, to holde togedur

my londe.
Thou schalt be pletyd with, when y am gon, fulle
wele y undurstonde. MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 33, f. 51.
Who shall than plete for the eriy or late.
For all thy syiinys thou stondist dissolatc.

MS. Laud. iV), f. 41.

PLETH.AN. To braid ; to plait. Comw.
PLETTE. To strike. {A.-S.)

He bounden him so fele sore.
That he gan crien Codes ore.
That he s holde of hishendepto/e

Havehlt, 2444.
PLEVI^E. Warranty ; assurance. (.V.-A')
PLEW. Aploush. Xorth.
PLEX. A shield. {Lat. Med.)
PLEYT. Playeth. {A.-N.)

Fortunes whele so felly wyth me p'eyt.
Of my desire that I may se ryghte noghte.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i, 6, f. 13.
PLEYTES. The threads or plats of a cord.

This corde is costome, that is of thre pleytes, that

is of ydulthout, unoneste speeheand wyckyddede,

rvimbeltou',^ Sermon, 1388, MS. Hatton 57, p. 23.

PLIERS. A kind of tongs used by smokers for

taking up a lighted wood coal. Glouc.
PLIF. A plough. Yorish.
PLIGHTE. (1) To engage; to promise. {A.-S.)
His stafTe w::s a yong oake.
He would givea great stroke.
Bevis wondrod, I you plight,
And asked him what he bight;
My name, sayd he, is Ascapart,
Sir Grassy sent me hetherward.

Bevej of Hampton, a. d.
The shype ax seyd unto the wryght.
Mete and drynke I schall thep/i/^Ar,
Clene hose and clene schone,
Gete them wer as ever thou kane.

MS.Aihmo!e6}, f. 23.

(2) A measure or piece of lawn. See Blount, in
v. Plite. Spenser uses it for a fold or pleat.

(3) To t-wist, or braid. Greene, ii. 227.
The auncicnt horsse-men of the Romaines had no

brest-plates, (as Polibius affirmeth,) and therefore
they were naked in their fore parts, providing for the
daunger that was behind them, and defending their
breasts by their owne celerity : their shleldes were
made of oxe-skinnes plighted and pasted togither,
being a little round in compasse like the fashion of
a man's belly.

Topt'ira Four-Footed Beastt, 607, p. 318.

(4) PuUed ; plucked. (^.-5.)

PLO

632

PLO

(5) In plyght, i. e. on a promise to fight again in
the morning.

Thus they justyd tylle hyt was nyght.
Then they departyd in ptyghtt

They had nede to reste ;
Sone on the mome when hyt was day,
The knyghtes gysed them fuUe gay.
And proved them fulle preste.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 76.
PLIM. (1) Pliable. Here/.

(2) To fill ; to swell. Var. dial. As an adjective,
stout and fat.

(3) Perpendicular. Wane. A plummet is some-
times called a plim. Plom occurs in Towne-
ley Mysteries, p. 33.

(4) To pounce down on prey.
PLISH; To excoriate. Korth.
PLITH. Harm. (.^.-5.)

He [hath] mi lond with raikel onrith.
With michel wrong, with mikel pUthr
For I ne misdede him nevere nouth,
And havede me to sorwebrouth. Havelok, 1370.
The kynge upon this wrongful plit.

Guwer, MS. Soc. Artlig. 134, f. 80.

PL15T. Sime a.s Plighte (1). I pli;t, I promise

you. a kind of expletive.
Then he tolde hymalle the case
Off passilodion what it was,

And berafrynde, I pli/;!. MS.Canlab.Fl. v.48, f.54.
FLOAT. To pull feathers ; to tear off the gar-
ments,. Norfhitjnb.
PLOCK. (1) A small field. Heref.
(2) A Llock for chopping wood on. We^t.
PLODGE. To walk in mud or water ; to plunge.

Northumb.
PLOG. To clog, or hinder. Sitsse.r.
PLOGHE. Sport ; pleasure.

He askede tham mete for charyt^.

And thay bade hym swynke, and swa do we,

Hafe we none other phffhe. Isumbras, 397.

PLOKE. To pluck, or pull,
whan ichave thin hed of-take.
Be the herd y schel him schake.

That him schel smerte sore :
So y schel him therbi ploke^
That al is teth schel roke.

That sitteth in is heved. Romance 0/Rem6»-un,p.474.
PLOLL-CAT. A whore.
PLOMAILE. Plumage ; feathers. (^J.-N.)
PLOME. A plummet. Palsgrave.
PLOOD. Ploughed. Northumb.
PLOOKY. Pimpled. North.
PLOSHETT. A swampy meadow. Detjon.
PLOT. A patch. {.^.-N.)
PLOTE. To scald a pig. North.
PLOUGHS. Pimples. Kennett, MS.
PLOUGH. (1) Used for oxen kept to draw the

plough, not for horses. (2) A wheel carriage

drawn by oxen and horses.
PLOUGH-HALE. The handle of a plough.
PLOUGHING. The depth of a furrow.
PLOUGH-IRON. A ploughshare, far. dial.
PLOUGHJAGS. Labourers begging on the

first Monday after Twelfth-day, generally

called Plough Monday. Line.
PLOUGH-JOGGER. A ploughman. Norf.

On a Sunday, Tarlton rode tollford, where his

father kept ; and, dining with them at his sisters.

there came in divers of the oountrey to see him,
amongst whom was one plaine countrey piottgh-
joggety who said hee was of Tarlton's kin, and so
called him cousin. Tarlton's Jexts. 1611.

PLOUGH-L.\ND. As much land as one plough
wiU till in a year. Pr. Parv.

PLOUGH-MONDAY. " The Monday next after
Twelfth-day, on which day, in the North of
England, the plowmen themselves draw a
plough from door to door, and beg plow-money
to drink, which, having obtained, they plow
two furrows across in the base court, or other
place near the houses. In other parts of
England, if any of the plowmen, after their
days work on that day, come to the kitchin-
hatch with his goad or whip, and cry Cod in
the pot before the maids say Coei on the
dunghill, then they gain a cock for Shrove-
Tuesday," Blotmt's Glossograpliia, ed. 1681,
p. 501. Tusser thus alludes to this singular
custom, —
Plough Munday, next after that Twelf-tide is p.ist.
Bids out with the plough, the worst husb.incl

is last ;
If plowman get hatchet, or whip to theskreene.
Maids loseth their cocke, if no water be seen.

PLOUGH-P.\DDLE. A small plate or paddle
used for cleansing the plough. Var. dial.

PLOUGH-SOCK. A ploughshare. North.

PLOUGH-START A plough handle. Palsgrave.

PLOUGH-STOTS. The procession of the plough,
stots still continues in Y'orkshire on the se-
cond Monday in the year, when a plough is
drawn along without the share, preceded by a
number of rustics decorated with ribands, and
blowing a cow's horn.

PLOUXCE. To flounce about ; to plunge in
with a loud noise, far. dial.

PLOUT. (1) A plant. Somerset.

(2) A long walking-stick carried by foot-hunters.
North.

PLOUTER. To wade through anything ; to be
busied in dirty work. North. Grose has
plowding, waihng, p. 120.

PLOVER. -A. whore. An old cant term.

PLOW. A ploughed field. Suffolk.

PLOWDEN. "The case is altered, quoth
Plowden," a very favourite old proverbial
phrase. Plowden was an eminent lawyer in
Queen Mary's time, who being asked what
legal remedy there was against some hogs
that trespassed on the complainant's ground,
he answered, he might have very good remedy;
but the other teUing him they were his hogs,
" Nay, then, the case is altered," quoth
Plowden.

There Pluyden in his laced rufTstarch'd on edg
Peeps like an adder through a quickset hedg,
And brings his stale demur to stop the course
Of her proceedings with her yoak of horse ;
Then fals to handling of the case, and so
Shews her the posture of her over-throw.
But yet for all his law and double fees
Shee'le bring him to joyn issue on his knees.
And make him pay for expedition too;
Thus the gray fox acts his green sins anew.

Flelcher'a Poemt, p. 192.

PLU

633

POC

PLOWEFERE. Companion in play. {A.-S.)
PLOWKKY. Covered with pimples.

Forhyme that is smetyne with hisawenneblode,
and spredis over alle his lymmes, and waxes plowkkfj,
and brt'kes owte. SIS. Lincoln Med, f. 294.

PLOW-LODE. " Caracuta. plow lode," No-
niinale MS. It seems to be the same as
Ptouqh-land^ q. v.

PLOW.MELL. A small wooden hammer occa-
sionally ti.xed to the plough, still used in the
North ; in the Midland counties in its stead is
used a ploush-hatchet.

PLOWRIXG." Weeping. Prompt. Pan.

I'l.OWSHO. A ploughshare. Kenitett.

PLOY. A merrv-meeting. North.

PI.OYE. A plough. Nominale.MS.

PLLCK. (1) Courage. Var. dial. "To pluck
up one's heart," to be bold, to rejoice. Against
the pluck, i. e. against the inclination.

(2 To pluck a crow or goose with any one, i. e.
10 quarrel with him.

(3 ; To pluck a rose, i. e. to go to the jakes, said
of women. Middleton, iv. 222.

(4) A dry pluck, i. e. a severe stroke.
This same is kind cuckolds luck :
These felioweshave giveii ine a Axie pluck.
Now I have never a crose to blesse me.

Jtlariage of Witt and fVisdome, 1579.

(5)

Our kynge and Robyn rode togyder,

Forsoth as 1 you say.
And they shote ptucke buffet,

.As they went by the way. Robin Hood, i. 75.

(6) Same as (1) .=

I had the luck

To see, and drink a little pluck.

Bronte's Songs, lfi6!, p. 167.

(7) A student who fails in an university exa-
mination is said to be plucked.

PLL'CKING. The worsted plucked from the
machine while the wheel is turning. North.

PLUERE. \\'eeping. (^.-.V.)

PLUF. A tube of tin through which boys blow
peas. Line. Also called a phiffer.

PLUFE. A plough. Yorksh.

PLCFFY. Spongy ; porous. Devon. It is some-
times explained, soft, plump.

PLUG. A dwarfish fellow. East.

PLU-M. (I) Light ; soft. West.

(2) Sensible ; honest. North.

(3) Verv' ; exceedingly. Kent.

(4) Straight ; upright ; perpendicular. Plum
doirne, Cotgrave in v. Escarp^.

(5) Plum round, quite round. " Make their
attire to sit plum round," Harrison, p. 172.
Plum fat, Florio, p. 33.

PLUM.\K1N. The magnum-bonum plum.
PLUME. To pick or pluck the feathers off a

hawk or other bird.
PLUMED-SWAN. A white colour. One of the

terms of ancient alchemy.
PLUMMY. Soft ; wet ; mouldy. Devon.
PLU.MP. (1) Dry ; hariL Kent.

(2) A clump of trees. North.

(3) A crowd of people ; a mass of anything. It
is sometimes a verb, to collect together.

"Assemble theymselfes in plumpes," More's

Supplycacyon of Soulys, sig. F. ii.

Rydes into rowte his dede to revenge,

Presede into the plumpe and with a prynce metes.

Uorle Anhure, MS. Lincoln, f. 76.
When kynge Richard perceved that the people by
plumpes fled from hym to Duke Henry.

Hall's Union, 1548.

(4) A pump ; a draw-well. Comw.

(5) .\ hard blow. I'ar.dial.

(6) Directly ; exactly. Var. dial. Forby has'
plumpendieular, perpendicular.

PLUM-PORRIDGE. Ponidge with plums in
it, a favourite dish at Christmas in some parts
of the country. It is mentioned as part of
Christmas fare in the Humourist, ed. 1724,
p. 22, and bv Addison.

PLUMP-PATE. A thick-headed feUow.

PLUMPY. To chum. Conm.

PLUMTEX. Plunged. Weber.

PLUM-TREE. The female pudendum. Haee
at the plum tree seems to have been either the
burden of a song or a proverbial jihrase. It
occurs in Middleton, although Mr. Dyce does
not seem to be acquainted with the meaning
of the term itself, which may be gathered
from Cotgrave, in v. Hoche-prunier, and the
Manage of Witt and Wisdome, p. 16.

PLUNGE. (1) A deep pool. Sotnerset.

(2) A strait or difficultv. Greene.

PLUNGY. Wet ; rainy. (^.-,V.)
I PLUNKET. A coarse woollen cloth.

PLUNKY. Short ; thick ; heavy. East.

PLUNT. A walking-stick, generally one which
has a large knob. Glouc.

PLURISY. Superabundance. Shak.

PLUSHES. The tliin hoops which hold a besom
together. West.

PLY. To bend ; to consent, or comply. Still
in use in Dorset, Barnes's GL

PLYER. A verv common bawd.

PLYMOUTH-CLOAK. A cane, or stick. So
called, says Ray, " because we use a staff in
cuerpo, but not when we wear a cloak."

PC. A peacock. {.i.-S.)

A prue^t proud ase a po,
Seththe weddeth us bo.

Wright's Political Songs, p. 159.

POACHED. Land is said to he poached v;hen it

is trodden with holes bvheavv cattle. Var.dia^
POACHING. Swampy.' Devon.
POAD-MILK. The erst mia given by cows

after calving. Sussex.
POARE-BLIND. Dim-sighted. The word

occurs in Hollvband's Dictionarie, 1593.
POAT. To kick. Devon.
POBS. Porridge. Craven.
POCHE. A pocket. {A.-N.)

Unto another she dydeas moche;
For they love none but for theyr poche.
The Comptayv.te of them that ben to late Maryed.
POCHEE. A dish in ancient cookery consisting

principally of poached eggs. Pegge.
POCIIERS. Potters.'
POCIIIN. A hedgehog. Somerset.
POCHir. A pollard tree. Line.

40*

POG

634

POI

POCK. To push. Somerset.

POCK-.\RR. A pock mark. North.

POCKET. (1) A lump of bread.

(2) A measure of hops. Kent. Half a sack of
wool is called a pocket.

POCKET-CLOCK. A watch.

Though as smaU pocket.docks, whose every wheel
D -th each mis-motion and distemper feel.
Whose hands gets shaking palsies, and whose string
His sinews slackens, and whose soul, the spring,
Expires, or languishes : whose pulse, the flee,
Either beats not, or beats unereuly.

Donne's Poemg, p. 247-

POCK-FREDDEN. Marked with the smallpox.

POD. (1) A foot. North. Genen.lv a child's
foot, aud hence the verb pod. to toddle.

(2) To put down awkwardly. N'jrt/t.

(3) A large protuberant beil> . lleuce applied
to the body of a cart. South.

(4; A voung jack, nearly full grown.

PODAGER. Gout in the feet. Berners men-
tions this disease in hawks as the podagre.

PODART. A young sheep. Line.

PODDEL. A puddle. Palsgrave.

The porter and hys men in haste
Kynge Roberd in a p-tdelle caste j
Unsemely was hys body than,
That he was lyke non odur man.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 241.

PODDER. (I) Beans, peas, tares, or vetches,
or such ware as have pods. Kmt. Also, a
gatherer or seller of peas, one who takes them
to market for sale.

(2') " A weed called podder, winding about
hempe or other like," Hollyband's Dictionarie,
4to. Lond. 1593.

PODDER-GRATTEN. Podder stubble. The
foUowiug sentence was used by the gardener
of a gentleman li\ing in Kent, describing a
feat of his own. " I took up a lil>bet that
lay by the sole, and hove it at a haggister
that sat in the podder-grattm."

PODDISH. Porridge. Craven.

PODDY. Round and stout in the belly.

PODE. A tadpole. " Irannys, or podys, or
vermyn," Arch. xxx. 353. ilr. Dyce, Skelton,
ii. 104, conjectures it to mean a toad ; but
Grose haspo/iead in the sense we have given.

PODECHE. Pottage. Nominale MS. Podish
occurs in the West, and Cumb. Dial. p. 379.

PODGE. (1) Porridge. Still in use.

A ! sirra, my masters, how saist thou, Hodge?
What, an thou hungrle 1 wilt thou eat my podge}
Maringeo/Witt and W\sdome, 1679.

(2) To stir and mix together. East.

(3) A pit, or hole ; a cesspool. Kent.
PODGER. A platter, or dish. West.
PODING. A pudding. Palsgrave.
POD-WARE. Pulse growing in pods or cods.

Kent. See Podder.
POE. A turkey. North.
POFF. To run ver>- fast. Line.
POG. A push, or blow. Somerset.
POGH. (1) A poke; a sack. "When me pro-

fereth the pigge, opon ihepoghe," MS. Douce

52, XV. Cent.
(2) An interjection of contempt. See Stani-

hurst's Description of Ireland, p. 13. Still
in verv common use.
POGRIM. A religious fanatic. East.
POGY. Intoxicated. Var. dial.
POHEADS. Musical notes. So called perhaps

from their resemblance to tadpoles. North.
POUEN. A peahen. Skelton.
POICH. A hive to take bees in after they have

swarmed. Yorksh.
POIGNIET. A wristband. {Fr.) "Poygniet

for ones sleeves, poignet," Palsgrave.
POILE. Apulia. Lydgate.
POINADO. A dagger, or poniard. See Hey-

wood's Rovall Kine, 4to. 1637, sig. I.
POINAUNT'. Sharp; cutting. ijl.-N.)
POINE. (1).

1 poyne alleliis pavelyones that to hymselfe pendes,
Dyghttes his dowblettez for dukes and erles.

Morte Arlhure, MS. Lincoln, t. 81.
(2) A little fellow, or dwarf.

Michel wonder had Leodegan,
That swiche a litel poine of man
So fele in so litel thrawe
So manliche had y-slawe.

Arthritir and Merlin, p. 219.

POINT. (1) To show, or explain ; to point out ;
to declare ; to write.

(2) The principal business. {j4.-N.)

(3) A tagged lace, used in ancient dress. To
truss a point, to tie the laces which held the
breeches, and hence to untruss a point, to
untie them, a delicate mode of expressing
ahum exonerare.

(4^ To fiU up the open interstices of a wall with
mortar, far. dial.

(5) To point the earth, to put down one's foot
to the ground. North.

(6) To appoint, or equip.

(7) In good point, in good condition. This
phrase occurs in Holinshed's Engl. i. 162.

(8) A deed, or martial exploit.

V'f thow durst, par ma fay,
Apoj/n' of arrays undyrtake,
Thow broke her wille fore ay.

Torrent of Portugal, p. 36.

(9) To paint, or portray.
POINT-DEVICE. With the greatest exactness ;

excessively exact. Chaucer, Cant. T. 3689.
The wenche she was full proper and nyce,
Amonge all other she bare great price.
For sche coude tricke it point device.
But fewe like her in that countree.

The Miller of Abington, ii. d,

POINTEL. (1) A style, or pencil, for writing.

{A.-N.) " Stilus, a poyntyle," Xominale MS.

Nomina reruni pertinencium clerico. *' Poyn-

tell or caracte, espUngue defer^ Palsgrave.

And be assayed with thilk doctrine which the
secretaries of God hath set in pomtell,

Phitpofs Works, p. .'JTli.
Thenne loked aftir Sir Zakary
Tables and poyrttel tyte.

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. 68.
(2) Chequer work in paving floors.
POIN'TEX. To prick with a pointed instrument

or with anvthing pointed. (.^.-.V.)
POINTING-STOCK. A laughing-stock; a
person so silly as to be pointed at in ridicule.

POL

C3.")

POL

POINTLET. A small promontory.
POINT.MENT. An appointment.'

The Sairsins beset the poytttment to hold,
And to God they be gevyti the bodys bold.

Rowland, MS. Lansd. 388, f. 3S6.
POIXTOURE. A painter, or artist.
POI.NTS. The divisions in the side of a quad-
rant. MS. Sloane 213.
POISE. Meight.

We been infortned how ye have laboured, con-
trary to natural kindness and duty of legiance, divert
matters of great poy#e ; and also how proclamations
have been made in your name and our cousin's of
Warwick, to assemble our liege people, no mention
made of us. SIS, Harl. 543.

As for his eorporature, I suppose verily that if
we had him here in this world to be weighed in the
ballance, the pct/ee of his body would shew itself
more p«inderousthan five and twenty, peradventure
Ihirlv of ours. The Man in the Muone, 1657, p. 74.
POIT. (1) To push, or iiick. North.

(2) .\ poker for a fire. Yorksh.

(3) Impertinent ; very forward. East.
POKE. (1) A bag, or sack. North.

(2) A cesspooL Kent.

(3) To thrust the head forward ; to stoop in
walking. West.

(4) A large wide long sleeve, very much worn
about the year 1400, and shortly before that
period.

An hool cloith of scarlet may not make a gowne.
The poke£ of purchace hangen to the erthe.

MS. Disb!/il, f. 7.

(5) Scurf in the head. Line.

(6) .\ finger-stall. Cracen.

(7) To project, or lean forward. I'ar. dial.

(8) A cock of hay. Devon.

(9) To gore, as a bull does. JTest.

(10) To give an olfence. North.
POKE-CART. A miller's cart, filled with sacks

or pokes of meal. East.

POKE-DAY. The day on which the allowance
of com is made to labourers, who, in some
places, receive a part of their wages in that
form. Suffolk.

POKE-MANTLE. A portmanteau. North.

POKE-PUDDING. (1) A long round pudding.

(2) The long-tailed titmouse. Glouc.

POKER. (1) A single-barrelled gun.

(2) The same as Poking-stick, q. v.

POKE-SHAKKINS. The youngest pig of a
litter. North.

POKEY. (1) Saucy. Cumi.

(2) Miserablv small, far. dial.

POKING.SflCK. An instrument for putting
the plaits of a rulf in a proper form. It was
originally made of wood or bone ; afterwards
of steel, in order that it might be used hot.

A ruffe about his neck, not like a ruffian but inch
broad, with small sets, as if a peece of a tobacco-
pipe had beene his poking.^lick ; his gloves are
thrust under his girdle that you may see how he
ring? bis fingers.

The Man in the Moone, 1609, sig. D. iv.

POKOK. A peacock.

A fair pokok of pris men paien to Juno.

MS. Bodl. 264, f. 21.-!.

POLACK. A Polander. Shak.

POL.WS. Knee-pieces in armour.

POLAYL. Poultry. (J.-N.) Polayl briddii,

domestic poultn-, barn-door fowls.
POLBER. A kind of early barley.
POLCHER. A poacher. ' Northampl.
POLDER. A boggj- marshy soil. Kent.
POLE. Some kind of fish' mentioned in MS.

Bibl. Coll. S. Johan. Cantab. B. vi.
POLE.IPS. A leather strap belonging to some

part of cart harness. / ar. dial.
POLE-HE.\D. A tadpole. Palsgrave has/(ofc^

which is still in use. See Pode.
POLEIN. (1) A sharp or picked top set in the

fore-part of the shoe or boot. Blount.
(2) A pulley. Nominale .MS.
POLE-PIE'CE. A woman's caul. Decon.
POLER. A barber. Ctmsh.
POL-EVIL. A kind of eruption on the neck

and ears of horses. Jl'est.
POLE-WORK. A long tedious business.
POL-GAR.MENTS. Cloth for garments, sn'ootb
on one side and rough on the other, as ve'vet,
and similar materials.
POLICE. PoUcv. Na6des.
POLIFF. A pulley.

Than be-spake the polyjff".
With gret strong wordes and styffe.
How, ser twyvel, me thinke jou grevyd !
What devylle who hath jou thus mevyd ?

MS.JthmoleCA.

POLIMITE. Many coloured .'

of jonge Josephe the coie poUmitct
Wrou3teby the power ofalle theTrinite.

Ls/dgate, MS. Soe. Antiq. 134, f. 13.
POLING. A plank of wood used in mines to

prevent earth or stone from falUng. Derli.
POLIPRAGMAN. A busy meddler.
POLISSER. A smock-frock. Devon.
POLK. (1) Bulk. Heame.
(2) A pool. " Her hors a polk stap in," Sir
Tristrem, p. 284. It seems to mean an eddy
or whirlpool in Pr. Parv.

Ther was swilk drepingof the folk.
That on the feld was nevere a polk.
That it ne stod of blod so fui.
That the strem ran intil the hul.

Havelok, 2685.

POLKE. To place or put.

POLL. (1) To rob; to cheat. "Pilling and

polling" was a very common phrase.

And have wynked at the potlyvg Atid extorcion of

hys unroeasurable officiers. Hall's Union, 1548.

(2) To cut the hair.

(3) The head. Var. dial. Hence the phrase
poll by poll, head by head, one by one.

POLLAGE. A head-tax.
POLLARD. (1) Coarse tlour ; bran. The coarsest
bran, according to Harrison, p. 1C8.

(2) A cUpped coin. See Blount.

(3) A stag without horns.

POLLAX. A heavy halberd. (.7.-5.) This
term is stUl used by butchers.

POLLD.WY'. A coarse cloth or canvas.

Your deligence knaves, or I shall canvase your
poltdavj/fs ; deafen not a gallant with your anon,
anon, sir, to make him stop his eares at an ov»r-
reckoning. The Bride, WW, lig.C. iiL

POM

636

POM

POLLE. To cut down or lop a wood.

And dystroye my castels and my townes,

Bothe be dales and be downes.

The pclle my wodeys and forestes downe.

MS. Canlafi. Ff. ii. 38. f.2n.
So may thy pastures with their flowery feasts.
As suddenly as lard, fat thy lean beasts :
So may thy woods oft polled, yet ever wear
A green, and (when she listj a golden hair.

Donne's Poenis, p. 1/5.
POLLED-COW. One without horns. Nort/i.
POLLED-OFF. Intoxicated. Var. dial.
POLLENGER. A poUard tree.
POLLEPIT. A pulpit. Nominale MS.
POLLER. (1) A hen-roost. Narf.

(2) To beat in the water with a pole. Figura-
tively, to labour without effect.

(3) A robber ; an extortioner.

(4) A kind of dart. Nominale MS.
POLLETTES. Pieces of armour for the shoul-
ders, mentioned in Hall, Henry IV. f. 12.

POLLING. Retaliation, lar.' dial.
POLLRUMPTIOUS. Restive ; unruly ; fooUshly

confident. Var. dial.
POLLYWIGS. Tadpoles. "Tadpoles, pole-
wigges, yongue frogs," Florio, p. 212. " Pol-
wj'gle wunn" occurs in the Prompt. Parv.
Dame, what ails your ducks to die *
Eating o" poltywigs, eating o' pollywi^^.

fVhiters Specimen, 1794, p. 19.

POLMAD. In a rage for fighting.
POLRON. That part of the armour which
covered the neck and shoulders. " Avant bras
d'un harnois, the poldern of an armoure,"
HoUvband's Dictionarie, 1593. It is men-
tioned in Hall, Henry IV. f. 12.
And some only but a sure gepon,
Over his polrynges reaching to the kne.

Clariodes MS.
POLSHEN. To poUsh. (J.-N.)
POLSHRED. To lop a tree. Palsgrave.
POLT. (1 ) A thump or blow. Var. dial.

(2) A rat-trap that falls down. Kent.

(3) Saucy; audacious. Kent.

(4) To cut, or shave. Somerset.
POLTATE. A potato. Coniw.
POLT-FOOT. A club foot. Ben Jonson terms

Vulcan " this polt-footed philosopher."

POLTING-LUG. A long thin rod used for
beating apples off the trees. Glouc.

POMAGE. (1) Cyder. Harrison, p. 170.

Whereof late dates they used much pamage, or
cider for want of barley, now that lacke is more
commonly supplied with oates.

LambartTs Perambulntion, 159G, p. 10.

(2) A pumice-stone. It is the translation of
pumex in the Nominale MS. xv. Cent.

POMANDER. A kind of perfume, generally
made in the form of a ball, and worn about
the person. Sometimes the case for holding
pomanders was so termed. Receipts for mak-
ing this perfume differ considerably from each
other. Perhaps the following will suffice.

Take pyppyns or other lyke melowe apples, and
lave them upon a tyle for to bake in an oven ; than
take out the core and the kernels, and make iheym
cleane wythin, brayenge and breakynge the reste,
and strayneitthoroughea fyne canvesse or straynour.

Thys done, take as muche fat or grease of a kyd(ie
as you have apples, and strayne it lykewyse, boylinpe
it all together io a newe vessell well leaded, untyll
the rose water bee consumed ; then adde to it muske,
cloves, nutmegges, and such lyke substances of a
reasonable quantitye according to your discretion ;
provided alwayes that they be well brayed and broken
in pyeces as is above sayed ; and bcyle them in the
like maner aforesayed ; then straine them . nd kepe
them. The Secretes of Mayster Alexis, 1559, p. 57.
To make poman<iers.
Take two penny-worth of labdanum, two penny-
worth of storax liquid, one penny-worth of calamus
aromaticus, as much balm, half a quarter of a pound
of fine wax, of cloves and mace two penny-worth,
of liquid aloes three penny-worth, of nutmegs eight
penny-worth, and of musk four grains : beat all
these exceedingly together till they come to a per-
fect substance, then mould it in any fashion you
please, and dry it

Markhum'a English House-fflfe, ed. 1675, p. 109.
POME. (1) To pelt continuously. Aorth.

(2) To pummel with the fist. Comw.

(3) A voung rabbit. Devon.
POME-GARNADE. A pomegranate. (.^.-.V.)
POMEL. A ball, or knob ; a globular ornament,

or anything globular. (A.-N.). It means
sometimes the top of the head. Is pomet
iouris in Lybeaus Disconus, 1295, an error
for pomel touris, round towers ? I have not
met with the phrase elsewhere.

She saughe there many comly telde
Wythe pomelles bryghte as goldis beghe,

MS. HaW.2252, f. 118.
On the pomeUe yt wase wrel.
Fro a prynce yt wase get,
Mownpolyardus he hyght.

Torrent of Portugal, p. 31 .

POMELEE. Spotted. Maundevile.

POME-WATER. A kind of apple. See Lyd-

gate's Minor Poems, p. 15. In the AYidow of

M'atUng Street, p. 15, the apple of the eye

is termed a pomirater.

POMICE. The residue of apples after the juice

has been extracted. JVesf.
POMMADO. Vaulting on a horse, without the
aid of stu-rups, by resting one hand on the
saddle-bow. The pommado reversa was vault-
ing off again.
POMON. Lungs. (.i?.-A'.)
POJIPAL. Proud ; pompous.

Thy elder sisters loves are more

Than well I can demand.
To whom I equally bestow

My kingdome and my land.
My pompal state and all my goods.

That lovingly I may
With those thy sisters be maintain'd
Until my dying day.

Ballad of King Leir, n. d.
POMPED. Pampered. Hawes.
POMPILLION. An ointment made of black
poplar buds. See Cotgrave, in v. Populeon.
A more complete account of it will be found
under /)0/)i7TOn.
POMPION. A pumpkin. {Fr.) It is the trans-
lation of citrouille in Hollyband's Dictionarie,
4to. Lond. 1593.
POMPIRE. Melagium. Akindof apple men-

roo

637

POP

tionert in Rider's Dictionarie, 1640. " Poum-

per, frute," Palsgrave.
PO.MPLE. To hobble ?

I lench, I len, on lyme I lasse,

I poke, ipomple, I palle, I passe. Reliq, Antiq. ii. 211.
POMSTER. To doctor or play the quack with

salves and slops ; to apply a medicament to a

wound or contusion, or to administer medicine

internally. West.
PON. A pond. Drayton.
PON'CHONG. A puncheon of iron, used in

making holes in iron or steel.
PONENT. Western. (Ital.)
PONGE. A pound. Const. Freem. p. 20.
POXIAUNT. Poignant; acute. (.-/.-A'.)
PONICHE. To punish. Lydgate.

Maryes sone,most of honoure.

That ryche and pore may pcnt/che and pleasp,

Lys me now in my longoure,

And gyf me lysens to lyve in ease.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6.
POXIET. A wristband.
PONTED. (1) Bruised; indented. JTest.
(2) Tainted ; not fresh. Dorset.
POO. To puU. ^^ort/l.
POOCH. (1) A pot ; ajug. South.
(2) To thrust out the hps in a sullen discontented

manner. If'esf. Grose and Polwhele have
poochee, to make mouths at a person, screwing

up the mouth like a pouch. Grose.
POODLE. Tlie English Channel. Coniw.
POODLER. The young coalfish. ^'ort/l.
POOK. (1) To kick'. Deron.

(2) A calTs stomach for rennet. West.

(3) A cock of hay. Somerset. To pook hay
or barley, to make it up into cocks.

(4) The be'llv ; the stomach. West.
POOK-NEE'DLE. The cockle in com. Siisse.r.
POOLE. A measure of work in slating, or

covering houses with slate, where every jt/oo/e
of work is either six feet broad and fourteen
feet upon both sides, or 168 feet in length
and one in breadth.

POOLINGS. The fat which is stripped off
from the intestines of an animal. North.

POOLS. The spaces on each side of the thresh-
ing-floor of a barn. Devon.

P00L-SPE.\RE. a reed. South.

POOLY. Mictura. West.

POOMER. Anything ven' large. Xorth.

POON. To kick. Kortli.

POOP. (1) A puppy. Somerset.

(2) A gulp in drinking. North.

(3) To cheat ; to deceive ; to cozen.
POOP-XODDY. The game of love.

POOR. Lean, out of condition ; applied to live

stock. Var. dial.
POOR-AND-RICH. An old game, mentioned

in Taylor's Motto, 1 2mo. Lond. 1622, sig. D. iv.
POOR- BODY'. A very common expression of

pity or s\Tnpathy for an unfortunate person.
POOR-JOHN. A kind of fish, salted and dried.

It was cheap and coarse.
POORLY. Somewhat unwell. Var. dial.
FOOT. (1) A chicken, or pullet. Chesh.
<2j To cr;' or blubber. Somerset.

(3) A lake, or pool of water.
POOTY. A snail-shell. Northampl.
POP. (1) Ginger-beer. Var. dial.
(2) A short space. Lane.
POP-GLOVE. The foxglove. Comw.
POPE. (1) A term of contempt. " What a po^e
of a thing." Dorset.

He, having no answere, began to curse and ban,
bidding a pope on all women.

Westward for Smeltg, 1620.
(2) " I know no more than the Pope of Rome,"
a very common simile.

A simple fellow being arraign'd at the bar, the
judge was so favourable to him as to give him his
book, and they bid him read. Read ! truly, my
Lord, says he, I can read no more than the Pope of
Rome. Os/ord Jeit3, I7ilt!i, p. 9;j.

POPE-JULIUS. An old game, possibly similar

to the modem game of Pope Joan.
POPELER. A kind of bird, explained hy populus

in the Prompt. Parv.
POPELOT. A deceiver. {A..N.)
POPERIN. A kind of pear. There were two
sorts, the summer-poperin, and the winter
po])erin.
POPES. Weevils. Urry gives this as a Hamp

shire word, in his MS. adds, to Rav.
POPES-HEAD. A broom with a 'very long
handle for sweeping ceihngs and liigh places.
POPET. A puppet. {A.-N.)
POP-GUN. Elder- wine. South.
POP-HOLY. Ih-pocrisy. Lydgate, p. 46.
POPILION. Tlie following receipt /oc to make
popylyone is from a MS. in my possession.

Take iiij. li. of popelere levys, and iij. ti. of erbe
watur, and a pownde of henbane, and a li. of pete
morell, a li of orpyn. a li. of syngrene. halfe a ti. of
weybrod, halfe a U. of endyve, halfe a /(. of vyolettes,
halfe a //. of welle cressyn, and then wese them
dene, and stampe them ; and than put to them ij.
li. and a half of moltyn batowse grese, and medylle
them welle togcthur : and than put them in a close
pott ix. dayys, and than lake and worche it up.
POPILLE. Tares. Nominale MS. Popple

occurs in the provincial glossaries.
POPINJAY. A parrot. {A.-N.) Popinijaye
blue, a kind of coloured cloth.
And pyping still he spent the day.
So merry as the p*fpitigay ;
Which liked Dowsabel :
That would she ought, or would she nought.
This lad would never from her thought ;

She in love-longing fell. Diayttm's Pastoralt.
POPLAIN. The poplar tree. West.
POPLE. To stalk about; to hobble; to go

prving and poking about. Ki-mnor.
POPLER. (1) Pottage. Dekker, 1616.
(2) A sea-gtdl. Nominale MS.
POPLET. A term of endearment, generally
applied to a young girl. Poppet is still in
common use.
POPPED. Nicely dressed. Chaucer. Still in

use in Leicestershire.
POPPER. A dagger. Chaucer.
POPPET. An idol, or puppet.

Wy th lyeng and sweryng by no poppets.
But teryng God in a Ihowsand gobbets.

Play 0/ H'j( and Science, Bright'' .Va.

FOR

638

FOR

POP PILAR Y. The poplar tree. Che.ih.

POPPIN. A puppet. East. " Moppe or
popvne," Prompt. Parv.

POPPING. Blabbing; chattering. West.

For a Buretie this felowe waxeth all folyshe, i.
doth utterly or all togyther dote, or is a very poppng
foole. Aculastxta, 1540.

POPPLE. (I) The poplar tree. East. '• Populus,

a popyltre," Nominale .MS.
(2) A bubble. (3) To bubble up. Still in use

in the North of England.

(4) A pebble. Var. dial. (yi.-S.)

(5) A cockle. North.

(6) To tumble about. SuffoJIc.
POPPY-PILL. Opium. North.
POPULAR. Common; Tulgar.

POR. A poker. North. " A porr of iron,"

Arch. xi. 438. See also ibid. 437.
POKAILLE. The poor people. (,^.-.V.)
PORBEAGLE. A kind of shark.
PORCELLYS. Young pigs. (Lat.)
PORCHIANS.

For the better knowledge, salf and sure kepinge
together of the premisses, and of every parte therof,
lest some lewde persons mighte or woulde imbesill,
the same with the detriment of the porchiuitt.

Egerton Paperg, p. 14.
PORC-PISCE. A porpoise. Joiiso7i.
PORCUPIG. A porcupine.
Had you but seen him in this dress.

How fierce he look'd and how big.
You would have thought him for to be

Some Egyptian porcupig. The Dragon of Wantley.
PORE. (1) Power.

To sawe a saule everlastyngly
I have ful pore and mastry.

Pieces 0/ Ancient Poetry, p. 43.

(2) To look earnestly.

(3) To supply plentifully. Glouc.
PORE-COTE. A coat of coarse cloth.
PORED-MILK. .Any milk that turns or curdles

in the boihng is in Kent called poreii milk,
especially the first milk of a cow when she
has calved.
PORET. A young onion. Porrectes, Forme

of Cury, p. 41. (.4.-N.)
PORISHLY. Weak sighted. Palsgrave.
PORISME. A corollary. (Gr.)
PORKER. A young hog fatteii for the purpose

of being eaten fresh, far. dial.
PORKLING. A small pig. East.
PORKPOINT. A porcupine.
PORKY. Fat ; plump. North.
PORPENTINE. A porcupine. ShaL

Gallus, that greatest roos»-cock in the rout,
Swelleth as big as Bacchus did with wine:
Like to a hulke he bcares himselfe about.
And bristels as a boare or porpentine.

The Mous-Trap, 1606.
PORPIN. A hedgehog. Somerset.
PORR. (1) A plumber, or glazier. North.

(2) To push, or thrust. Cornw. Tliis word
occurs in Baret's Alvearie, l.'iSO, P. 579.

(3) To stuff with food. Somerset.
PORRA. A kind of pottage.
PORRINGER. A vessel for porridge.

PORRIWIGGLES. Tadpoles. North.
PORRON.

I charge and pray mine executors and feolTees,to
perform my will that ensueth touching these manors,
advowsons, and porrons, chauntries, lands and tene ■
menu, abovesaid. Test. Vetust. p. 260.

PORT. (1) Carriage; behaviour. {A.-N.)
And then yamsosymple off port.
That for to fayn sum dysport,
Y play with here lytyllehounde.
Now on the bedde, now on the grounde

Gower, MS. Caiilab. Ff. i. 6, f. 4.
Ther ben loveris of suche a sorte.
That faynen an umblepor(e,

Gower, MS. Site. Antiq. 134, f.42.

(2 i A piece of iron, somewhat in the shape of a
horseshoe, fixed to the saddle or stirrup, and
made to carry the lance when held upright.
It is mentioned in HaU, Henry IV. f. 12.

(3) State ; attendance ; company of retainers.
S/iai. " As lyberall a howse, and as greate
a porte," .Arch. xx\-iii. 108.

PORTAGE. A port, or porthole.

PORTA GL'E. A Portuguese gold coin, worth
about three pounds twelve shillings. " The
portigue, a peece verie solemneUe kept of
diverse, and yet oiftimes abased with washing,
or absoluteUe counterfeited," Harrison's Eng
land, p. 219.

Ten thousand poriaeuet, besides great pearls.
Rich costly jewels and stones infinite.

The Jew ofMnita, j. i.

PORTANCE. Manner; deportment. Skak.

PORTASSE. A breviary.

The pawment of the chyrche the aunchent faders

tredes.
Sum tyme with a portas, sumtyme with a payre ot
bedes. Bale's Kynge Johan, p. 27.

And also we thank your noblesse and good father-
hood of our green gowns, now sent unto us to our
great comfort, beseeching your good lordship to
remember ourpoi-reiAT, and that we might have some
fine bonnets sent unto us by the next sure messenger
for necessity sorequireth.

MS. Cotton. Vespas. F. iii.

PORT-CANNONS. See Canions.

PORTCULLIS. A coin struck in EUzabeth s
reign with a portculUs stamped on the reverse.

PORTECOLISE. A portculUs. (.V.-.V.l

PORTE-HOIS. A portasse, or breviary.

PORTER. To portray anything. Palxgrave.

PORTER'S KNOT. A peculiar kind of knot,
particularly strong and effective.

PORTE R'S-LODGE. The usual place of chas-
tisement for the menials and humbler retainers
of great families. Our old dramatists con-
stantly refer to it.

PORTE-SALE. An open sale of wares.

PORTING.AiL. A Portuguese.

PORTLET. A small port. Harrison, p. 60.

PORTMANTLE. A portmanteau, of which the
ancient form was sometimes port-niantua.
" A port-mautua or a cloke-bagge," The .Man
in tlie Moone, 1609, sig. D.

PORTNANES. -Vppurtenances. " Men have a
;erd with other jB«V«anes," MS. -Addit. 12195.

PORTPANE. A cloth used for carrying bread
from the pantry to the dinner-table.

POS

639

POS

PORTRAITURE. Portrait ; likeness.

1 will that my executors provide and ordain a

marble stone, with an image and jxtrtrailure of our

Saviour Jhesu and of a priest liDeeling, with a cedule

lii his hand, to the foot of the said Image of Jhesu.

Test. Vetust. p. 495.

PORTREVE. The chief magistrate of a town.
See a brief dissertation on tlie origin of the
portreeve of Gravesend in Lambard's Peram-
bulation, 1596, p. 483.
PORTS.A.LUT. Safe port. (^.-.V.)
PORTURE. Carriage ; behaviour. (A.-N.)
POS. A deposit, or pledge. (j^.-iV.)
POSE. (1) A hoard of money. North.

(2) To suppose j to place, or put as a supposition.
{A.-N. ) It occm's in Lydgate.

(3) A cold, a rheum in the head.

Hiseare erect, his cleanely nose,
Thatne're was troubled with a por^.

Men Miracles, 1C56, p. 33.

POSER. The bishop's examining chaplain.

See Harrison's England, p. 139. The term

is still retained at Eton for the examiner for

the King's College fellowships. No doubt

from posen, which is explained by examino

in Prompt. Parv. p. 144. In cant language, a

poser is an unanswerablequestion or argument.

POSH. .4 great quantity. fJ'est.

POSNET. A httle pot. 'Pakgrave. " Vrciolus,

a posnet," Nominale MS. f. 8.

Then slcellets, pans, and pr>sni'ts put on.
To make them porridge without mutton.

Cottm's »'orki, I7M, p. 17.
And that is this, the cunning man biddeth set on
a potnet. or some pan with naylc«, and seeth them,
^nd the witch shal come in while they be in seething,
and within a fewe dales after her face will be all
bescratched with the nayles.

Gijfi.rd'a Dialngvc on IVilchet, 1603.
POSS. (1) To dash about. North. Pegge ex-
plains it, to punch or kick, and poise, to push,
occurs in Chaucer.

.^nd therin thay keste hir, and poi8e<ie\i\x up and
downe, and sayd, take the this bathe for thi slewthe
and thi glotonye. MS. Linculn A. 1. 17, f. 253.

(2) A waterfall. Yorksh.
POSSE. .A. number of people ; no doubt de-
rived from the sherifiTs posse comitat^is.
POSSEDE. To possess. Palsgrare.

A ! lady myn, how God hath made theriche,
Thysilfe atlonealle richesse to possede.

Lydgate, SIS. Soc. .4nliq. IS4, f. 19.
POSSESS. Toinform; to persuade ; to convince.

Still in use. See Craven Gl.
POSSESSIONERS. An invidious name for
those religious communities which were en-
dowed with lands. {Lat.)
POSSET. A drink of wine or treacle boiled
with milk. " Quoddam genus cibi, aposete,"
Ortus Vocabulorum, 1500. Junius, in the
MS. notes in his copy of the book in the Bod-
leian, says " hodiemis in Anglisdicitur/josse/."
A posset was usually taken before retiring to
rest. See Merry Wives of Windsor, v. 5.

It is his mornings draught when he riseth, his
conserves or cates when he hath well dined, his
afternoones nuncions, and when he goeih to bedde
bis fiottet smoaking hote.

The Man in the Moone, lCu9, sig. C. 1.

POSSIBILITIES. This word meani possessions
in the Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 1, in refer-
ence to the property of .inne Page, which is
well illustrated by a MS. letter dated about
1610, in the library of Didwich College, being
a letter from a suitor to a father for his per-
mission to woo the daughter, in which he says,
" I ryette to you first this cisone, as Londone
fashen is, to intrete you that I may have your
good will and your wiefs, for if we geete the
fathers good will first, then may wee bolder
spake to the datter, for my possebeletu is abel
to mantayne her."

Jt]y poseibititiesvaay raise his hopes
To their first height.

Hes/wftiHTg Royalt King, 1637.
POSSONE. To drive away.
POSSY. Thick, short, and' fat. North.
POST. (1) A prop, or support. [A.-S.)

(2) " Knock your head up against a post," an
address to a blockhead.

(3 ) Post alone, quite alone. Devon,

(4) The stakes at cards or dice.

(5) Haste; speed. The expression /;os<-Aas/e is
still in common use.

(6) A courier, or special messenger.

One night a drunken fellow josled against a post,
but the fellow thought somebody had josled him»
and fell a beating the post till his fingers were broken.
Says one to him. Fie ! what do you do to fight with
a post ? Is it a post ? Why did he not blow his horn,
then. Oifurd J^tts, 1706, p. 101.

What though such post caimot ride post

Twixt Exceter and this
In two months space, yet careless they
Those ten whole months to mis.

Ballads, J/5, temp. James 1.
POST-AND-P.-VIR. An old game at cards,
mentioned in Florio, p. 210 ; Taylor's Motto,
1622, sig. D. iv. A game called pops and
pairs is mentioned in the West, and Cumb.
Dial. p. 379.
POST- AND-PAN-HOUSE. A house formed of
uprights and cross pieces of timber, which
are not plastered over, but generally blackened,
as many old cottages are in various parts of
England.
POST-BIRD. The gray birdcatcher. Kent.
POSTIK. A pestle for a mortar.
POSTIME. An imposthume.
POSTISIS. Posts, far. dial.
POSTISSER. Pots. Berks.
POSTLE. (1) An Apostle.

Like ipostle I am.
For I preche to man.

Armon^e 0/ Byrdes, p. 7.

(2) A comment, or short gloss.
POSTOLICON. A white ointment.
POST-PAST. A kind of dessert.
POST-PIN. A very small pin. It is the trans-
lation of camion in HoUyband's Dictionarie,
4to. Lond. 1393.
POSTURE. To strut. /. of Wight.
POSTOURE. A pastor.

The chapitre of a chirche cathedral.
Whan they ban chosen here heed ot pnsttiure.

Chdeve, 3fS. Sx. Jnliq. 134, f. 287

POST-POSED. Put back. {Fr.)

roT

640

por

POT. (1 ) A liollow vessel made of twigs with
■ whicli they take fish. South.

(2) A stick with a hemisphere of wicker-work
on it, used as a shield in cudgel-playing.

(3) A helmet, or head-piece. Tlie scull was so
called. Parts of " the potte of the hede" are
mentioned in MS. Sloane 965, f. 44.

(1) Gone to pot, ruined.

(5) To deceive. To make a pot at one, to make
a grimace or mow. To pot verses, to cap them.

(6) To drink. Still in use.

( 7) " The pot is a hog's black-pudding made with
the Mood and grits unground stuffed into pigs'
guts or chitterhngs, othei-wise i/aeXyjo/ ; (he
puddiny is more of the sausage kind, and has
no blood in it, but minced pork, and some-
times raisins and currants and spice to season
it, and many other rich materials, stuffed com-
monly into tlie larger guts," MS. Devon. Gl.

POT ACRE. The gout. (6V.)

Somme schul have in lymes aboute
For slouthe a potagre and a goute.

MS. .4shmale i\, f.37.
POT.iTOE-BOGLE. A scarecrow.
POT-BOILER. A housekeeper. East.
POT-CAKE. A light Norfolk dumphng.
POTCH. To poke ; to thrust at ; to push, or

pierce. Still in use.
POT-CL.\ME. A pot-hook. Pot-clep, Kennett,

MS. Lansd. 1033.
POT-CRATE. A large open basket to carry

earthenware in. Lone.
POT-DAY. A cooking-day. Narf.
POT-DUNG. Farmyard ilung. Berks.
POTE. (1) To push,"or kick. North.

(2) A broad piece of wood used by thatchers to
open the old thatch and thrust in the new
straw. Ojon.

(3) To creep about moodily.
POTECARY. An apothecary. TTest.

This ressayt is bought of no policaiye.

hydgau's Minoi- Poemst p. 69.
POTED. Plaited.

He keepes astarcht gate, weares a formall ruSe.
A nosegay, set face, and a poted cuffe.

Heywood's Troia Bntanica, 1609, p. 89.

POTE-HOLE. A small hole through which
anvthing is pushed ; a confined place. Jf'est.
POTENT. (1) A potentate. Shni.
(2) A club, staff, or crutch. (./.-iV.) Stilts
are calledpottm.s in Norfolk.

Loke sone after a potent and spectacle.
Be not ashamed to take hem to thyn ease.

hydgate's Minor Poems', p. 30.

POTENTUL. Strong; powerful. (^.-iV.)
POTERNER. A pocket, or pouch.

He plucked out of his poterner.

And longer wold notdwell.

He pulled forth a pretty mantle,

Betweene two nut-shells.

The Boy and the Mantel.

POTESTAT. A chief magistrate. (J.-N.)
POTEWS. A dish in ancient cookery, described

in the Fonne of Cury, p. 80.
POT-GUN. A pop-gun ; a mock gun, or play-
thing for schoolboys ; consisting of a wooden

tube turned somewhat like the cyMndrical part
of a cannon, or the barrel of a common hand-
gun, open at both ends, one of which being
stuffed or stopped up with a pellet of tow, Sic.
another of the same kind is violently thrust
into the other end by a rammer made on pur-
pose, which so compresses the air between
the two pellets, that the first flies out with a
considerable force and noise. There was a
kind of small cannon so called. " And yet
will winke for to discharge a potyun," Tell-
Tale, Dulwich College MS.

POT-HANGLES. Pot-hooks. North.

POTHELL-SLOTII. A puddle of water.

POTHELONE. To dig, or grub in the earth.

POTHER. To shake ; to poke. West.

POTHERY. Hot; close; muggy. West.

POT-HOOKS-AND-HANGERS. The rude
strokes of a boy beginning to write.

POT-KNIGHT. A drunken fellow.

POT-LADLES. Tadpoles. East.

POT-LUCK. To take pot-luck, i. e. to partake
of a family dinner without previous invitation,

POT-PUDDING. " A white-pot, or pot-pud-
ding," Florio, p. 99. Markham says black-
pudfUngs are called ^o/s in Devon.

POTS, the panniers of a packsaddle. West.

POT-SHARE. A potsherd, or piece of broken
potterv. Also called a pot-scar.

POT-SICK. Tipsv. Florio, p. 68.

POT-SITTEN. Ingrimed. Yorksh.

POT-STICK. " Contus, potstyk," MS. Lansd.
560, f. 45. " Potstycke, batton," Palsgrave.

POT-SURE. Perfectly confident.

When these rough gods beheld him thus secure.
And arm'd against them like a man pot-sure.
They stint vain storms : and so Monstrifera
{So hight the ship) touch'd about Florida.

Legend of Captain Jones, 1659.

POTTENGER. A porringer. Palsgrave. " A
potenger or a little dish with eares," Baret,
1580. Still in use in Devon.

POTTER. (1) Togo about doing nothing; to
saunter idly ; to work badly ; to do anything
inefficiently, far. dial.

(2) To stir ; to poke. North.

(3) To bobble, as a horse. Warw.

(4) To confuse, or disturb. Yorksh.
POTTERY-WARE. Earthenware. West.
POTTLE. A measure of two quarts.
POTTLE-BELLIED. Pot-belUed. West.
POTTLE-DRAUGHT. The taking a pottle of

liquor at one draught.

POT-WABBLERS. Persons entitled to vote
for members of parliament in certain bo-
roughs from having boiled their pots therein.
" Tano<Iunii in agro Somersetensi vocantur
pot-walliners," Upton's MS. additions to
Junius, in Bodleian Library.

POT-WATER. Water used for household pur-
poses, for cooking, &c. Devon.

POTY. Confined; crammed ; close. West.

POU. (1) To puU. North.

(2) A pan, or platter. Lane.

POUCE. (1) A pulse. (A.-N.) " Pouce of the
arme, pouce " Palsgrave.

POU

641

POW

(2) Nastiness. North. Hence, poucy, dirty,

untidv, in a litter.
POUCH. (1) A pocket. (.^.-.V.)
(2) To poke, or push. West.
POUD. A boil, or ulcer. Sussex.
POUDERED. Interspersed. " A garment pou-
dered with purple studdes," HoUyband's
Uictionarie, 1593.
POUDERIXG TUB. The tub used for salting
meat. It is the translation of charmer in
HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593. It was also a
nickname for the cradle or bed in which a
person was laid who was aft'ected with the lues
venerea.
POUDER-MARCHANT. Pulverized spices.
POUDRE. (1) To salt or spice meat.
(2) Dust. KyngAlisaunder, 2180.
For the potidre of this charging,
No might men se Sonne schiuing. '

Arthnur and Merlin, p. 17C.
Lo ! in powdur y scball slepe,
For owt of poivdur fyrst y came.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. ]9.
POUKE. (1) A devil ; a spirit. Hence the term
Puck, appHed to Robin Goodfellow, as in
Shakespeare, and other writers.
The heved fleighe fram the bouke.
The soule nam the helle pvuke.

Jrthour ajid Merlin, p. g66.

(2) A pimple, or blister. North. Cotgrave

has ampouli, " full of water-poukes or

wheales."
POUL. St. Paul. (.^.-.V.)
POULAIXS. Pointed shoes. (^.-A'.)
POULDER. Powder. (,^.-A'.)
POULDERING. An Oxford student in his

second year. See the Christmas Prince, ed.

1816, p. I.
POULT. To kill poultry. .\n old hawkins

term. See Gent. Rec. ii. 34, 62.
POULTER. A poulterer. This form of the

word occurs in HoUyband's Dictionarie, 1593.
POUMYSSHE. Pounce for writing. Palsgrave.
POUN. .\ pond. Northumli.
POUNXE. (1) A thump, or blow. East.

(2) A puncheon of iron.

(3) A pulse. Gesta Rom. p. 318.

(4) To cut glass or metal for cups, &c. ; to per-
forate or prick anything ; to ornament by cut-
ting. A pounced decanter would be what we
now term a cut decanter. See Arch. xxix. 55.
" Bulino, a kind oipouiicer that gravers use,"
Florio, p. 71.

POUN'CES. The claws of a hawk.
POU.NCET-BOX. A box perforated with holes

used for carrying perfumes. Shak.
POUNCIXGS. Holes stamped in garments,

formerly made bv way of ornament.
POUND. (1) A cyder m'iU. Devon.

(2) A head of water. Var. dial.

(3) To beat, or knock. Glouc.
POUNDER. Same as Auncel, q. v.
POUND-MELE. By the pound. (^.-S.l
POUND-NEEDLE. The herb neus dementis.
POUNDREL. The head {A..S.\

II.

So nimbly flew away these scoundrels,
Giad they had 'scap'd, and sav'd their pottndrels.
C'tlm's fTorlts, 1"34, p. 14.
POUND-STAKLE. The floodgates of a pond.
POUNSONE. To punch a hole. (^.-A'.)
POUNT-TOURNIS. A point or place to be-
hold the tournament. (J.-N.)
POUPE. (1) A puppet. Palsgrave.
(2) To make a noise with a horn.
POURCHACE. To buy ; to provide. (J.-N.)
POURD-MILK. Beastlings. Sussex.
POUKE. Poor. (J...\.)
POURETT. GarUck. Herefordsh.
POURISH. To impoverish. (J.-N.) See

Palsgrave, in v. Mai-e bare.
POURIWINKLE. A periwinkle. Palsgrave.
POURTRAITURE. A picture, or drawing.

Pourfraioiir, a drawer of pictures. {.-J.-N.)
POUSE. Hazy atmosphere. Lane.
POUSED. Pushed. Tryamoure, 1202.
POUSEMENT. Dirt ; refuse. North.
POUSTEE. Power. {J.-N.)

In Alisaundre that grcte citee
Ther was a mon of muche pottstt ;
Pathmicius forsothe he hiht,
He kepte wel the heste of God almiht.

Ternon 11.1. Bodl. Lib. f. lOS.
Erie he was of grete po3t^.
And lorde ovyr that cuntr^.

JtfS. Cantab. Ff. il. ,38, f. 147.
POUT. A young bird. " Fasanello, a phesant

pout," a young pheasant, Florio, p. 181.
POUTCH. To pout. /'oK/Ze is also used.
POVERI.Y. Poorly. (.-/.-A'.)

Vf hyt so poverty myghte sprede.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 9S.
POVERT. Poverty. (.^.-A^.)

Piee maketh povert,
Povert maketh pees.

MS. Soc. Aniiq. 134, f.S».
He beheld hyr and sche hym eke,
And never a word to other thei speke.
Fore the poverte that sche on hym se,
That had bene so rych and hy;e.
The terys rane doune by hyr eyje !

MS. Ashmole 61 , xv. Cent.
POVERTY-WEED. Purple cow-wheat. A
weed growing in com, having a fine large
flower, yellow-, pale red, and purple ; it is very
injurious, and betokens a poor, light, stony,
soU. Its popular name is pecuUar to the Isle
of AVight.
P0\ El . An owl. Glnuc. " Worse and worse,

like Povey's foot," a \Vest country proverb.
POVICE. A mushroom ; a fungus. North.
POW. (1) The poll, or head. North.
(2) The pricklebat. Somerset.
PO^VCHE. The crop of a fish.
POWDER. (1) Bustle; haste. Cumi.
(2) To sprinkle ; to lay over lightly.
And sythene sche broght in haste
Plovers potvdird in paste.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 136
POWDERINGS. Small pieces of fur powdered
or sprinkled on others, resembling the spots
on ermine.
POW-DIKE. A dike made in the fens for car-
rying off the waters.

41

PRA

642

PRE

POWE. A claw or finger. (A.-N.)
Everichpo!*'f a span long.
The fer out of his motlie sprong.

Arthour aitd Merlin, p. 57.

POWER. (1) k large number. Var. dial.

M. Gotes, mayir. Then came into Inglond
kynge Jamysof Skotland, with a poHa?*of men, after
Alhalow tide, anti one John a Miisgrave, with his
company, met with hym, and in that skyrmysche
the kyDg was hurte or dronnde.

MS. Cotlon. Vespas. A. xxv.

(2) Poor. (A.-S.)

Thes power folk somtyme they bene ful wyse.

MS. Caiitati. Ff. i. 6, f. 159.

(3) The fish gailus minutus.
i'OWERATl'ON. A great quantity. West.
POWLER. A barber. See the first part of

Promos and Cassaudra. v. 5, and Nares.
POWS. A pulse. See Pouce (1).

Thurgh certeyne tokenes in powa and brethe,
That bifalleth whenne he is nye the dethe.

ArchtEologia, xix. 322.
POWSE. Pulse, beans, peas, &c. Heref.
POWSELS, Dirty scraps and rags. Chesh.
POWSE-MENT. One who does what is not

right ; but this name is generally given to

those who are mischievous. Lane.
POWSEY. Fat ; decent-looking. North.
POWSH. A bUster. Huloet, 1552.
POWSODDY. A Yorkshire pudding.
POWT. ( 1 ) To stir up. North.
(2) A cock of hay or straw. Kent.
POWTIL. To work feebly. Northumb.
POWTLE. To come forth out of the earth as

moles do from their holes. North.
POW-WOW. Flat on one's back.
POX. The smallpox. This word was formerly

a common and not indelicate imprecation.
POX-STONE. A very hard stone of a gray

colour found in some of the Staffordshire

mines. Kennett, MS. Lausd. 1033.
POY. A long boat-hook by which barges are

propelled against the stream. Line.
POYNET. A smaU bodkin.
POYSES. Posies.

On every dore wer set whit crosses and ragged

staves, with rimes and poyses.

Hall, Edward IV. f. 23.

PRA.A.LING. Tying a clog or canister to the

tail of a dog. Comw.
PRACTICE. Artifice ; treachery. Practisants,

associates in treacherv.
PRACTICK. Practice.' {A.-N.)
PRAISE. (1) Opinion. This word was formerly

used in a more general sense than it now is.

" Laus, AngUce, good preys ; vel vituperum,

Anglice, bad prevs," MS'. Bib. Reg. 12 B.

i. f IC.

(2) To show a sense of pain. Dorset.

(3) Praise at parting, a very common proverbial
phrase in old writers, implying good wislies.
It occurs in Towneley Myst. p. 320, the ear-
liest instance of it I have met with.

PR.VNE. A prawn. Palsgrave.

PRANK. (1) To adorn ; to decorate. It is the
translation of ornerin HoUyband'sDictionarie,
1593. In the same work we have, "fame

bien attintee, a woman pranked up," which
phrase also occurs in the Winter's Tale, iv. 3.
Palsgrave has, " I pranke ones gowne, I set
the plyghtes in order."

Fourthly^, that they be not pranked and decked

up in gorgious and sumptions apparell in their play.

Nortfibrovkt's Treatise, 1577.

(2) To be craftv or subtle. Palsgrave.

PRAXKLE. (I) To prance.

(2) A prawn. /. of Wight.

PRAPS. Perhaps. J'ar. dial.

PRASE. A small common. Comw.

PRAT. A buttock. Dekker's Lanthorne and
Candle-hght, 1620, sig. C. ii.

PRATE-APACE. A forward child. South.
In old writers, a talkative person.

Prince of passions, prale-apaces, and pickl'd lovers ;
duke of disasters, dissemblers, and drown'd eyes:
marquis of melancholy and mad folks ; grand signior
of griL'fs and groans ; lord of lamentations, hero of
heighhos ! admiral of ay-mes ! and monsieur of
mutton laced. Heywtjod's Lovt^s Mistress, p. 26.

PRATT. The following rhj'me is still common,
Jack Sprat t being generally suljstitnted.
Archdeacon Pratt would eat no fatt,

His wife would eat no lean ;
Twixt Archdeacon Pratt and Joan his wife.
The meat was eat up clean.

HoweU's English Proverbs, p. 20.

They fared somewhat like old Bishop Pratt and

his wife, and were fain to consume even the very

dreggs of the little which chance had set before them.

A Voice from Sion, 1679, p. 3.

PRATTILY'. Softly. North.

PRATTLE-BASKET. A prattUng child.

PR.WANT. For provant, occurs in A Welch

Bayte to spare Provender, 4to. Loud. 1603.
PR.\VE. Depraved ; bad. Pravities, depra-
vities, Harrison's Britaine, p. 26.
PRAY'. (1) To rid a moor of all stock, which is
generally done twice a year {at Lady Day, and
at Michaelmas), with a view to ascertain
whether any person has put stock there with-
out a right to do it. The unclaimed stock is
then pounded till claimed by the owner, who
is usually obliged to pay for trespassing. West.

(2) To lift anything up. ' Sufolk.

(3) Press ; crowd. Weber.
PRAYD. Invited. Weber.
PRAYED-FOR. Churched. North.
PRAYELL. A little meadow. {A.-N.) Prayere

occurs in Syr Gawayne.
PREACE. A press, or crowd. Shak.
PREACHMENT. A sermon.
They'l make a man sleep till a pre'cchment bespent.
But we neither can warm our blood nor our wit in't.

Bronie's Sottas, 1661, p. 72.

PREAMBULATION. A preamble. {A.-N.)

PREASER. Rennet. Yorks/i.

PREAST. Praised. Lane.

PREAZ. To try ; to endeavour ; to press for-
ward. Yorksh.

PRECACIONS. Invocations. {Lat.)

Beside our daily praiers and continual precacions
to God and his saintes for prosperus successe to eiuue
in your merciall exployte and royall passage.

Hul, Henry V. t. 5.

PRECE. To proceed. Gawayne.

PRE

643

PRE

PRECEDENT. Prognostic; indication. (2)

A rough draft of writing. S/tai.
PRECELLE. To excel. Palsgrave. See

Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 12.
PRECEPT. A magistrate's warrant.
PRECESSIONERST Candles used in procession
at Candlemas Day. " For 2 pres/iessiners of
2" redy made against Candlemas Day, 14''-,"
Merton College MSS.
PRECIE. DeUcate; excellent. (.^.-A'.)
PRECIOUS. (1) Great ; extraordinary-. Esse^r.
Often used ironically, implying worthlessness.
C2) Over-nice. (J.-N.)
PRECISI,\N. A serious person ; a Puritan.

I hope loo the graver gentlemen, the precisians
will not bescandaliz'd at my zeal for the promotion
of poetry. GUduti's SlisceUaneotis Letters and Es-
says, 8^-0. Lond. WM, pref.
PRECONTRACT. A previous contract.
PREDE. Spoil; booty. Also, to spoil. See

Stanihurst's Ireland, pp. 29, 45.
PREDESTINE. Predestination. (.^.-.V.)
PREDIAL-LANDS. Farm-lands.
PREDIC.\TION. Preaching; a sermon. {.4.-N.)
He gaf me many a good certacion,
M'ith right and holsom predicacion,
That he had laboured in Venus secrete cell.
And mc exponyd many a good gossepell.
And many a right swete epislell eke.
In hem perfite and not for to ?eke. MS. RawhC. 86.
So befelle, thorow Goddis sonde.
The bisshop that was of that londe

Prechid in thatcit^;
Alle gode men of that towne
Come to his predirai-ion,

Hym to herkyn and se.

MS. Cautab. Ff. V. 48, f. 45.
PREEDY. With ease. " That lock goes mighty
preedy," i. e. that lock goes well or with
ease. Coniw.
PREEN. To prime, or trim up trees.
PREEZE. Mingere. North.
PREFE. Proof. Also, to prove. See the
Sacrifice of Abraham, p. 15.
And that ys ever my belt-ff.
The trewth indede hytselfF welle prejfe.

MS. Cantab. Ff. i. 6, f. 123.
PREFECT. The chief magistrate. {Lat.)
PREFIX. To fix or appoint a time for anything.

" The prefixed hour." Shak.
PREGN.iNCY. Readiness of wit. Fromprer/-

naiit, intelligent, shrewd, artful.
PREIERE. A praver. (.^.-.V.)
PREISABLE. Commendable; laudable.
PREISE. To appraise, or value. (.-/.-.V.)
PREKE. (1) Prick, apiece of wood in the centre
of the target.
All they schotabowthe agen,

The screffes men and he,
Offthe marke he weWe not fayle.

He cleffed the pre/re on thre. RMn Hood, i. 91.
(2) To ride quickly.

Tryamowre rode forthe in haste.
And prekyd among the oost

Upon the tothersyde ;
The fyrste that rode to hym thon
^ - Was the kynge of Arragon,

Hekepeydhym in that tyde.

MS Cantab. Ff. li. 38, f. "C.

The dewkeof Lythyr sir Tyrr^,
He prekyd forthe fulle pertly.

MS. Cantab. Ft. 11. 98. f. HL
The kyng come, with mony a man,
Prekyng owt of the towne.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. M7>

PRELACIONE. Preference.

Thorow oule the trompe Into his ere,
To sowne of suche prelaeione.

Cower, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 80.
PREME. Fierce; strong.

Ther was no man yn hethyn londe
Myght sytte a dynte of hys honde.
The traytour was so preme.

MS. Cantab. Ff. il. 38, f. 89.

PREIIEDIATE. To advocate one's cause.

PREMYE.

The cytie of London, through his nxere graunt and

premye.
Was first privyleged to have both mayer and shryve.
Where before hys tyme it had but baylyves onlye.

Bale'9 Kynge Johan, p. 85,

PRENDID. Pricked.
PRENE. An iron pan. Somerset.
PRENT. Chiefly ; in the first place.
PRENTIS. An apprentice. " Apprenticixts, &
prentys," Nominale MS. A harrister was
called a prentice, or prentice-of-law.
PREOYEST. Most approved. [A.-S.)
PREPARAT. Prepared. (Lat.)
PREPARE. Preparation. Shak.
PREPOSITION. " Prayse made before a great

man, or preposition, harengue," Palsgrave.
PREPOSITOUR. A scholar appointed by the
master to overlook the rest. Hermann, 1 530.
PREPOSTERATE. To make preposterous.
PREPUCIE. Circumcision. {Lat.)
PRESANDE. A present. (A.-N.)
I ete thaim not myself alon,
I send presandes mony on,
And fryndes make 1 me.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 50.
PRESBYTERIAN-TRICK. A dishonest bar-
gain ; a knavish trick. Essex.
PRESCIT. Reprobate. {Lat.)
PRESCRIPT. Order in writing. {Lat.)
PRESE. (1) A press, or crowd. (A.-X.)
In he rydes one a rase.
Or that he wiste where he was,
In-to the thikkesteof the preie.

Perceval, 1147.
(2) To crowd. Sometimes, to hasten,
of alle this joiige lusty route,
Whiche al day presen hire aboute.

Gouer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. f>4.

PRESEANCE. Priority of place.
PRESENCE. (1) A presence-chamber. Shai.

(2) Aspect ; outward appearance. East.
PRESENT. (1) Immediate. {Lat.)

{2) A white spot on the finger-nail, supposed to
augur good fortune. West.

(3) " At this present" means notf, at this present
time. The phrase occurs in our Prayer Book,
and in Rider's Dictionarie, 1640.

PRESENTARIE. Present. {Lat.)
PRESENTERER. A prostitute. (A.-N.)
PRESENTLY. At this present time.

Compiled and put in this forme suinge. by a ter-
vaunt of the Kyngs, that prctently saw m effect t

PRE

644

PRI

great parte of his exploytes, tnd the resydeweknewe

by true relation of them that were present at every

tyme. Jirival of King Edtvard IV, p. 1.

PRESEPE. A precept or order.

As wyfes makis bargans, a horse for a mare,

Thay lefe ther the febille aud brynges ham the freche

ware.
Clense wele jour eghne, and standis on bakke,
For here es comene a presepe, swykke menne to take.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. H8.

PRESOMSEON. Presumption.
Corsid covetyse hit is the cause, prid, ptesomseon,
5e beth ungroundid in grace, jour God je con not
knowe,
3our dedus demeys joue dredles, devocioun hit is
withdraw,
3e han chasid away charity and the reule of relcgyou.
MS, Dotice 302, f. 4.

PRESSING-IRON. An irou for smootking
linen. Presser, one who irons liueu, caps, &c.
PRESTE. (1) Ready. (.^.-.V.)

The tother knyghtys, the boke says,
Prekyd to the palays.

The lady for to here;
Knyghtys apperyd to hur preste.
Then myghtsche chose ofthebcste,
Whych that hur wylle were.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 77-
Whan they had fared of the best.
With bred and ale and weyne,
Tothebottys they made them prest.
With bowes and boltys foil feyne.

Robin Hood, i. 8U.
And, therfore, ^jruf/y I jowpraye
That je wille of joure talkyng blyne.

M.S. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 14f>.

(2) A loan ; money paid before due ; earnest
money given to a soldier at impressment. In
prest, in advance, Ord. and Reg. p. 12. Presf-
money, ibid. p. 309.

(3) Neat ; tight ; proper.

(4) A barrow or tumulus. Yorksh.
PRESTER-JOHN. The name of a fabulous Chris-
tian King of India. See Matmdevile, ed. 1839.

Mount now to Gallo-belgicus ; appear

As deep a statesman as a garretteir.

Homely and familiarly, when thou com'st back,

Talk of Will. Conquerour, and Prester Jack.

X>07i7ie's Poems, p.2Gl,

PRESTIGIATE. To deceive.

Even as a craftie juggler doth so prestigiate and
blinde mens outward senses by the delusions of
Sathan. Dent's Pathiiatj to Heaven, p, U>.

PRETENCE. Intent ; design. Sha&.
PRETEND. (I) To intend. Shak.

(2) To lay claim to. {A.-N.)

(3) To portend ; to forebode.
PRETENSED. Intended; designed. The

word is used several times by Hall, and also
occurs in Sir John Oldcastie, ii. 3. See
Incepted.

They can never be clerely extirpate or digged out
of their rotten hartes, but that they wille with hande
and fote, toolhe and nayie, further if they can their
pretemed ezterptice. Hal!, Hcnnj VII. f. 6.

It is pretenced mynde and purpose set,

That bindes the bargain sure.

Turb«vUe'» Ovid, 1567, fol. 144.

Requiring you to joine with us and we with you
in advauncing forward this our incepted purpose,
and pretenced enterprice. Hall, Hetiiy IV. f. 0.

PRETERIT. Passed. {J,-N.)
PRETERMYT. To omit.

I pretermit also the ryche apparell of the pryn-
cesse, the straunge fasshion of the Spanyshenaciun,
the beautie of the Englishe ladyes.

Hall, Henry VII. f. 53.
PRETOES. Loans?

Our great landlords bespake him with lofty rents,
with fines, tiud pretoes, and 1 know not what.

Rvwtet/'s Search fur Money, 1609.

PRETORY. The high court. {Lat.)
Pilate up ros, and forth he jede
Out of the pretory.

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. T.in.Cantab. f. 101.

PRETTY. (1) Neat ; fine. (2) Crafty.
PRETTY-FETE. A moderate tpiantity. Her^s.
PKEVALY. Privily ; secretly.

The goUle unto his chambir he bare.
And hyd it futle prevail/ thare.

Isumbras, 641.
Then longed he at home to bene
And for to speke with hys quene,
That hys thoght was ever upon.
And he gate schyppys prevay.
And to the schypp on a day
He thoght that he fleweanon.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f.72.

PREVE. (1) To prove. (2) A proof.

Thou most have fayth, hope, and charyt^.

This is the ground of thi beleve,
EUys i-savyd thou mat no;t be,

Thus Poul in his pysiyl he doth preve.

MS. Douce 302, f. 2.
Preves i-now ther ben of youre pet^.

MS. Catitab. Ff. i. 6, f. 124.

PREVELACIIE. Privilege.

I say the, brodtr Salamon, tel in thi talkyng,

Furst of the frerys thus meve thou may.
Of here prevclache, and of here prayrys, and here
preching.
And of here clerg6 and clannes and onest aray.

MS. Douce 305, f. 4.

PREVELYKE. Privily. See Prevaly,
And thoghteyn hysherle prevelyke,
That many a woman ys odur y-lyke.

MS. Cantiib. Ff. ii. 38, f. 143,

PREVENT. To go before ; to precede ; to anti-

cipate. ( IM.)
PREVENTION. Jurisdiction. {Lat.)

Your sayd Grace, by verteu off your legantine
prerogative and p'(Tenfi>«, conferr to hys chapleyn,
Mr. Wilson, the vicaregeof Thackstedd.

State Papers, i. 311.

PREW.

They helde hym vyler than a Jew,
For no man wulde hys prew.

3IS. Har/. 1701, f. 1(!.

PRIAL. Three cards of a sort, at the game of
commerce particularly : a corruption, pro-
bably, of pair-royal. Under the latter
term, Nares confirms this derivation, and
gives many quotations in illustration of the
word. Moor's Suffolk Words,

PRICE. Estimation ; value. To here thepryctf
to win the prize, to excel.

PRI

645

PRI

The Kyng jornt-yd in Tracyeiis,
That is a cyt^ otf grele defence.
And with hym hys quene off pyice^
That wascallyd dame Meroudys;
A feyrere lady than sche was one.
Was never made offtltssch re bone;
Sche was full off liife and godnes,
Ne may no mane telle hyre feyrnes.

MS. yishtiwte 61, xv. Cent.
Then theqwene was fulle gladd,
That sche soche a lorde hadd,

^'e wott, wythowtyn lees.
Sche seyde, Y have welle sped
That soche a lorde hath me wedd,
Thatberyth the pry ce in prees.

ATS. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 82.
PRICER. A person wli -e duty it was to regu-
late the prices of a market.
PRICH. Thin weak liquor. North.
PRICHELL. A br..ktf ; an instrument for dress-
ing liemp or flax. It is the translation of
brosse in Ilollybaud's Dictionarie, 1593.
PRICK. (1) The same as Preke (1). Hence
prick and praise, the praise of excellence.

.And therfore every man judged as he thought,
and named a sieknes that he knew, shothing not
ncre the pricki, nor understanding the nature of the
disease. Hall, Henry r. f. 50.

Then leave off these thy burning rays.
And give to Pan the prick and praise ;
Thy colour change, look pale and wan.
In honour of the great god Pan.

Hey wood's Love's Mistress, p. 4'2.
Now Tarllon's dead, the consort lacks a vice.
For knave and fool thou must bear pricke and price.
A ff hip for an Ape, 1M9.

(2) A term of endearment. It occurs in Pals-
grave's Acolastus, 1540.

(3) A point ; a dot.

Like to a packe without a pticke.
Or o-per-se in arithmelicke.

MS. Egerton 923, f. 3.

(4) A skewer.

I geve to the butchers prickes iuoughe to sette up
their thinne meat that it may appeare thicke and
well feddc. The Wyll oftheDevitl, n.d.

(5) A goad for oxen ; a pointed weapon of almost
any kind. {.4.-S.) In the provinces, a pointed
stick is still so called.

(6) To wound ; to spur a horse ; to ride hard.
See Preke (2).

(7) To trace a hare's footsteps.

(8) To germinate. Still in use.

(9) A period of time.

(10) To turn som-. Somerset.

(11) To decorate. " I pricke a cuppe or suche
Ivke thynge fuU of floures, je enfleure," Pals-
grave. ' " I pricke fidl of bowcs as we do a
place or a horse whan we go a mayeng, je
rame," ibid. In Lincolnshire, the slips of
evergreens with which the churches are deco-
rated from Christmas eve to the eve of Can-
dlemas dav aieXecm^A prickings.

PRICKASOUR. A hard rider. {A.-S.)
PRICKER. (1) .^ny sharp-pointed instrument.

" Punctorium, a prykker," Nominale IIS.
(2) A light horseman. There was formerly a

cavalry regiment tenued the prickers.
PRICKET. (1) A wax taper.

(2) The buck in his second year.

If thou wilt come and dwell with meat home.

My sheepcote shall be strowed with new greene
rushes :
VVeele haunt the trembling piiekfts as they rorae

About the tields, along the hauthorne bushei :
I have a pie-bald curre to hunt the hare.
So we will live with daintie forrcst fare.

Tlie .itTeelwnale Shepheard, 1594.
PRICKING-KNIFE.

Than bespake the prt/kyngknyfe.
He duellys tonyje the ale-wyfe;
Sche makes oft tyme his purse full thynne,
Nopeny some tyme sche Icvys iherin :
Tho thou gete more than other thre,
Thryfry man he canne not be. MS. Ashmole Cl
PRICKINGS. The footsteps of a h.irc.

Unto these also you may adde, those which can-
not discerne the footings or pri- kings of the hare,
yet will they runne speedily when they see her, or
else at the beginning set forth very hot, and after-
ward tyre, and give over lazily ; all these are not to
be admitted into the kennell of good hounds.

Tupsell's Fuur-Fuoted Beasts, Ifiif?, p. 152.

PRICKLE. (1) To prick. AVM.

(2) A wicker basket. Var. dial.

PRICK-LOUSE. A nickname for a tailor.

She would in brave termes abuse him, and caU
him rascall, and slave, but above all prickioiuT,
which he could not abide! wherefore having often
forbad her, and seeing she would take no warning,
on a day tooke heart at grasse, and behiboured her
well in a cudgel : but all would not suiDce ; the more
he beat her, the more she calde him pricklouse.

Tarlton'a Newes out of Purgatorie, 1590.

PRICK-LUGGED. Having erect ears.
PRICKMEDENTY. A tinical person.
PRICK-POST. A timber framed into the prin-
cipal beam of a floor. Pricke-posts are men-
tioned in Harrison's England, p. 187.
PRICKS. A game like bowls.
PRICKSONG. Mnsic pricked or noted down,
full of flourisli and variety.

So that at her next voyage to our Lady of Court
of Strete, she entred the chappell with "Ave Regina
Ccelorum" in pricksung, accompanied with these
commissioners, many ladies, gentlemen, and gen-
tlewomen of the best degree.

Lambarde's Perambulation of Kent, 1596, p. VJ2.
My prick-songs a]viayes fullof largues and longs.
Prick-sung (indeed) because it pricks my hart ;
And song, because sometimes I ease my smart.

The Affectionate Shepheard, J594.
And all for this pevysh prpk-song not worth to

strawes
That we poore sylye boyes abyde much woe.

Btillad by Red/urd, Bright MS.

PRICK- WAND. A wand set up for a mark to
shoot arrows at. Percy.

PRIDE. (1) A mud lamprey, TTest. '* Lumbrici
are littell fyshes taken in small rjTers, whiche
arc lyke to lamjmrnes, but they be muche
lesse, and somewhat yeolowe, and are called
in Wilshyre prides" Elyotes Dictionarie,
fol. Lend. 1559.

(2) " Pryde goyth byfore, and shame comyth
after," MS. Douce, 52. The same proverb
occurs in Wyntown's Chronykil, and Nash's
Pierce Penilesse, 1592.

PRI

646

PR!

For if she aons tume and be variable,
And f ut the drede of God out of mynd,
Prid'! gothe byfor and shame coinyth behynd.

MS. Laud. 416, f. 5".

(3) In good flesh and heart, in good condition.
An old hawking term.

(4) Fineness; splendour. North.

(5) Lameness ; impediment. Chesh.
PRIDELES. Without pride. {.4-S.)
PRIDY. Proud. Conm.

PRIE. The plant privet.

PRIEST-ILL. The ague. Devon.

PRIEST'S CROWN. " Prestes crowne that fly-

eth about in somer, larbedien," Palsgrave.

See Cotgrave, in v. Dent.
PRIG. (1) A small pitcher. South.

(2) To higgle in price. North.

(3) A small brass skellet. Yorksh.

(4) To steal. Var. dial. Prygman, a tliief, Fra-
temitye of Vacabondes, 1575.

(5) An old coxcomb. Devon.

(6) To ride. A cant term. Dekker's Lanthorne
and Candle-light, sig. C. ii.

PRIGGISH. Conceited ; affected. North.

PRIG-NAPPER. A horse-stealer.

PRIJEL. An iron tool for forcing uails out of

wood, otherwise perhaps called a monkey.

Moor's Suffolk MS.
PRIKELLE. To drive, or push. Hearne.
PRIKERE. A rider. Lydtjate.
PRILL. (I) To turn sour. Devon.

(2) A small stream of water. West.

(3) A child's whirlii<ig toy.
PRIM. (1) The fry of smelts. East.

(2) A neat pretty girl. Yorish.

(3) The plant privet. Tusser.
PRIMAL. Original 1 first. SImk.
PRIMA-VISTA. Primero. "The game at cardes

called primero or prima vista,'' Florio, p. 400.
It is called primefisto in a list of games in
Taylor's Motto, 12mo. 1622, sig. D. iv.
PRI.ME. (I) To trim trees. East.

(2) Good ; excellent. Var. dial.

(3) The hour of six o'clock, a. m.

Thou wotte welle that hit is soo.
And other gatis hit shaUe goo

Er to morne at prime ;
Thou h.Tst me broujt into this ille.
And I shalle ful wele have my wille

When I se my tyrae.

MS. Canlab. Ff. v. 48, f. 44.

(4) First. Prime temps, first time.

(5) A term at primero.

(6) Eager ; maris appetens. STia/c.

(7) The footstep of a deer.

(8)

For {as a thrifty wench scrapes kitching-stuffe,
And barrilling tht- droppings, and the snuffe
Of wasting candles, which in thirty year
{Reliquely kept) perchance buyes wedding chear)
Piecemeal he gets lands, and spends as much time
Wringing each acre, as maids pulling piime.

Donne's Poemi, p. 124.

PRIME-COCK-BOY. "A prime-cock-boy, a
freshman, a novice, a railke-sop, a boy new
come into the world," Florio, p. 227.

PRIMED. (1) Intoxicated. North.

(2) Spotted from disease. Suffolk.

PRIME-GOOD. Excellent. North.

PRIMELY. Capitally, North.

PRIMER. First; primary.

He who from lusts vile bondage would be freed.

Us primier flames to suffocate must heed.

Sin is a plant, which if not from the root

Soon pluckt, will soon to spreading mischief shoot :

Which if it does, its venom soon we find

Infecting all our blood, and all our mind.

History of J ost;ph, 1691.
Forasmuch as it hath pleased our Lorde God for
to suffer and graunte me grace for the primer
notable workes purposed by me,

Nicfiol^ Royal Wills, p. 293.

PRIMERO. A game at cards. According to
the Compleat Gamester, ed. 1/21, p. 49, it
went rapidly out of fashion after the intro-
duction of the game of ombre. The same au-
thority informs us that primero was played
with six cards, and was similar to the latter
game. See Ben Jonson, ii. 31 ; Florio, pp. 71,
400.410.

PRIMEROLE, A primrose. (A.^N.)

The honysoucle, the froisshe prymerollya,
Ther levys splaye at Phebus up-rysyng.

Lvdgate's Minor Poems, p. 242.

PRniETEMPS Spring. {J.-N.) Some

Elizabethan poets have prime-tide.
PRIMINERY. A difficulty. North.
PRIMORDIAL. Original; eariiest.
PRIMOSITY. Prudery. A word used by Pitt
and Ladv Stanhope. Memoirs of Lady Hester
Stanhope, 8vo. 1845.
PRIMP. To be very formal. Cumb.
PRIM-PRINT. The plant privet.

The most excellent is the greene coloured catter-
piller, which Is found uppon that great bushy plant,
usually termed privet, or primprint, which hath a
circle enclosing round both his eyes and all his feete,
having also a crooked home in his tayle: these cat-
terpillers are blackish-redde, with spots or streakes
going overthwart theyr sides, beeing halfe white
and halfe purpelish, the little pricks in these spots
are inclining to redde ; the rest of theyr body is
altogether greene.

TopselVa Historie ofSerpetits,p. 103.
PRIMY. Early. Shak.
PRIN. (1) A pin. North.
(2) Prim; affectedly neat.

Hee looks as g.iunt and prin, as he that spent
A tedious twelve years in an eager Lent,
Or bodyes at the Resurection are
On wing, just ranfying into ayre.

Fletcher's Poems, p. 140.

PRINADO, A sharper.

PRINCHE. To be niggardly ?

Ther was with him non other fare
But for to prinche and for to spare,
Of worldis muk to gete encres.

Gower, MS. S"C. Antiq. 134, f. 157.

PRINCIPAL. (1) A heirloom. Sometimes tlie
mortuary, the principal or best horse led
before the corpse of the deceased.

And also that my best horse shall he jny principal,
without any armour or man armed, according to
the custom of mean people. Te.st. Veiust. p. 7''.

(2 J The corner posts of a house, tenoned into

PRI

647

PRO

the ground plates below, and into the beams

of the roof.
PRINCOCK. A perl saucy youth. Brockett

has priticox as still in use, and princy-cock is

given by Carr, ii. 58.

If hee bee a little bookish, let him write but the

commendation of a flea, str.iight begs he thecoppie,

kissing, hugging, grinning, and smiling, till hee

maite the yong prtncocA* as proud as a pecocke.

Lodges Wits Hiserie, 1596.
PRINCOD. A pincushion. North. Figura-

tively, a short thickset woman.
PRIXGLE. A little silver Scotch coin, about

the value of a peimy, current in the north

parts of England. Kennett, MS.
PRIMT. Take it. mits.
PRINK. (1) To adorn; to dress wel ; to be

smart and gay. " To be prinkt up, to be drest

up fine or finical like children or vain women,"

MS. Lansd. 1033.

(2) To look at ; to gaze upon. West.

(3) To be pert or forward. North.
PRINSEDE. A principaUty. It is t e trans-
lation of principatus in Xominale MS.

PRINT. (1) An imprint, or impression ; an eflSgy,
or image ; the imprint ot money.

(2) A mould for coin, &c.

(3) Inprint, with great exactness. Still in use,
according to Palmer and Forb .

(4) Clear and bright. Kent.

(5) A newspaper. Var. dial.

PRIOR. The cross-bar to which the doors of
a barn are fastened, and which prevents them
from being blown open.

PRISE. (1) A lever. Var. dial.

(2) The note of the horn blown on the death of
a deer in hunting.

Syr Eglamour base done todede
A grete herte, and tane the hede ;
The prysse he blewe fulle schille.

MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. 140.

(3) Fine ; good ; prized.
PRISED. Overturned ; destroved.
PRISON. A prisoner." {A.-N.)
PRIS0NER'S-3ARS. A game. See Basf (4).
PRISTE. A priest.

The kynge his false goddis alleforsuke.
And Crystyndome of priste he tuke.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f 129.

PRISTINATE. Former; pristine.

1 thynke, yea and doubt not but your line shalbe
again restored to the pristinate estate and degree.

Hall, Richard 111. f. 13.

PRITCH. (1) To check, or withstand. West.

(2) Any sharp-pointed instrument. Hence, to
pierce or make holes. East.

PRITCHEL. An iron share fi.xed on a thick
stair for making holes in the ground. Kent.

PRITTLE. To chatter. " You prittle and
prattle nothing but leasings and untruths,"
Heywood's Royall King, 1637, sig. B. Prittle-
prattle, childish talk.

PRIVADO. A private friend. {Span.)

And here Franklin, a kind of physician, Weston,
a servant to Sir Thomas, and Sir Jervace 'i'elvis,
who is (as you shall hereafter hear! privado to the
Earl and Viscount, and the Countess and Mrs.

Turner, are made Instruments to kill and dispatch
Sir Thomas Overbury. MS. Hart. 4888.

PRIVATE. Interest ; safety j privacy. -

PUIVE. Private ; secret. {A.-N.) Also a verb,
to keep or be secret.

Til gentilmen and jomanry,

Thei have thaim alle thei ar worthy.

Those that ate privi.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 4B, f. 50.

PRIVETEE. Private business.

PRIVY-COAT. A Ught coat or defence o;' mail
concealed under the ordinary habit.

PRIVY'-EVIL. According to Markham, is in
hawks "a secret heart-sickness procured either
by overflying corrupt food, cold, or other dis-
orderly keeping, ln;t most especially for want
of stones orcastingin the due season : thesigns
are heaviness of head and countenance, evil
enduing of her meat, and fowl black mutings,"
Cheap and Good Hiisbandrv, ed. 1676, p. 133.

PRIZALL. A prize. V ntel.

PRIZE. (1) '• Aprize of I l.'at," meaning I don't
mind it ; "a pish for it." Do they not mean
a pize or pish for it : as if they should say,
it's but a trifle and not to be cared about,
therefore a pize of it. Line.

(2) To favour an affected limb, as a horse does.
Dorset.

PROANUER. Peradventure. Comw.

PROBABLE. Proveable.

PROBAL. Probable. Shai.

PROCEED. To take a degree. This term is
still used at the Universities.

PROCERE. Large.

Be it never so strong, valiant fair, goodly, plaant
in aspect, procn-e, and tail, Becoti's Works, p. 2o4.

PROCES. Storv ; relation ; progress.

PROCKESY. A pro-xv. Palsgrave.

PROCLIVE. To be prone to.

PROCT. A large prop of wood. Line.

PROCTOR. One who collected alms for lepers,
or other persons unalile to do it themselves.
According to Kennett, beggars of any kiml
were called proctors. The Fraternitye of
Vacabondes, 1575, has the following notice: —
" Proctour is he that wil tary long, and bring
a lye, when his maister sendeth liim on his
errand." Forby has proctor, to hector,
swagger, or bully, which he considers derived
from the older word.

PROD. A goad for oxen ; any sharp-pointed
instrument. Also a verb, to prick or goad ;
to thrust. North. We have also proddte
used in the same sense.

PRODIG.AL. Proud. Heref.

PRODIGIOUS. Portentous; horrible.

PROF.VCE. An exclamation equivalent to
" Much good may it do you." See the Down-
fall of Robert, Earl of Huntington, p. 57-

PROPER. A rabbit burrow.

PROFESSIOUN. The monastic profession.

PROFETS. Buskins. Exmoor.

PROFFER. To dodge anv one. Devon.

PROFLIG.VTE. To drive oft;

With how fervent heart should we profligate and
chase away sin. Becon*s Works, p fAi

PRO

648

PRO

In the which I doubt not but God will rather
«ld us ■. yea, (and fight for usl than see usvanqui-hed
and pri'jiigated, by such as neillier fear Him uor His
laws, nor yet regard justice or honesty.

Hall's Union, 1548,
PROFUND. To lavish. {Lat.)

Kor the exchewing of grete exjiences, whiche shuld
be prnfunded and consumed in the said interview,
wherof ther is no nede here, considering the grete
sommes of money that promptely be to be payde.

State Papas, i. 251.
PROG. (1) Food. Var. dial.
(2) The same as Prod, q. v.
PROGRESS. The travelling of the sovereign

and court to various parts of the kingdom.
PROHEME. A preface.

PROIGNE. To prune. Here it means to pick
out damaged feathers, as birds do. According
to Markham, " a hawk proines when she
fetches oil ■with her heak over her tail."
For joye they proigtie hem evyry raornynge.

MS. Ashmole oO, f. 20,
PROINER. A pruner. Somerset.
PROIN'IN'G. Prying. Line.
PROJECTION. An operation in alchemy ; the
moment of transmutation.

He revealed to one Roger Cooke the great secret
of the clixar, as he called it, of the salt of metalls,
Ihe projection whereof was one upon an hundred.

MS. .ishmale 1788, f. 147.

PROKE. To entreat, or insist upon. Also, to
stir, or poke about. Hence perhaps prokimj-
spit, a kind of rapier, mentioned in Hall's
Satires, p. 99.

PROKETOWR. A proctor. Pr. Parv.

PROKING-ABOUT. A familiar term applied
toa person who isbusilylookiug for something,
and examining, as we say, " every hole and
corner." Sharp's MS. Warw. Gloss.

PROLIXIOUS. Prolix; causing delay.

PROLLE. To search, or prowl about ; to rob,
poll, or steal ; to plunder.

PROLON'GER. A mathematical instrument,
mentioned in Trenchtield's Cap of Gray Hairs
for a Green Head, r2mo. I.ond. 1688, p. 153.

PROMESSE. To promise. {J.-N.)

Thou knowyst my ryjte, Lorde, and other men also ;

As it is my ry3te, Lorde, so thou me defender

And thequarell that is wronge, it may be overthrow,

And to ryght parte the victory thou sende.

And I promes-'re the, good Lorde, my lytfe to amende,

I knolcye me a synner wrappid in woo.

And all said with one voyse, Lorde, thy will be doo !

M.S'. Bibl. Reg. 1/ D. xv.

PROJIISCUOUSLY. Accidentally ; by chance.

PROMISE. To assure. Var. dial

PROMITTED. Disclosed. (Lat.)

Promisinge to thejm franke and free pardone of
all offences and commes [crimes >] promiiled, and
promocions and rewardes, for obeynge to the kynges
request. Hall, Henry VII. f. 33.

PROMONT. A promontory.

PROMOTER. An informer.

PROMOVE. To promote, or patronize.

PRONE. Changeable. Shak.

PRONG. (1) A point. North.

(2) A hayfork. Prong sleel, the handle of a
hayfork. South.

PRONOTORY. A chief notary.

PROOF. I, and is said to he proof, when it is

of an excellent quality. JJ'arw.
PROOFY. Nutritious. South.
PROP. To help, or assist. North.
PROPER. (1; Very ; exceeding. Var. dial.

(2) Handsome ; witty. Still in use in Cornwall,
according to Polwhele.

(3) To make proper, to adorn.

(4) To appropriate. Pakffrave.

(5) Uccoming ; deserved. East.
PROPERTIES. Dresses of actors; articlesand

machinery necessary for the stage.

PROPERTY. A cloak, or disguise.

PROPHACION. Profanation. Hall.

PROPICE. Convenient ; propitious. (Lat.)
Wherfore he edified bulwarlics, and buylded for-
tresses on every syde and parte of his rcahne, where
might be any place prnpice and mete for an armieto
arrive or tatvC lande. Hall, Edwrird If', f. 3.

PROPINE. To tb-ink healths. (Lat.)

PROPONED. Proposed. (Lat.)

Deniyng fiersly. at the other new invencions
alleged and proponed to his charge.

Halt's Union, 1548.
Which being proponed and declared to the said
emperor, and that in the final determination of our
said cause, and all the whole circumference thereof,
we have, according to our most bounden duty,
nothing else studied. MS. Cottoti. Nero, B. vi.

PROPOS. A proposition.

PROPOUNDERS. Monopohsts. Blount.

PROI'RIS. Possessions ; property.

PROPS. Legs. Var. dial.

PROPULSE. To repulse. (Lat.)

By whiche craftie ymagined inveneion they might
either cloke or propnhe from them al suspicion of
their purposed untruthe and sharaefuU disloyaltie.
Hat!, Henry I'll. t. 19.
Perceavyng that all succours were clerely estopped
and propulsed from Ihera, and so brought into utter
despaire of aide or comfort. Hall, Henry I'll. f. 23.

PROSCRIBE. To prescribe. "I proscrybe
(Lvdgate) for I prescrybe," Palsgrave.

PROSPECTIVE. A perspective glass.

PROSPERATION. Prosperity.

PROSS. (1) Talk ; conversation. North.

(2)

They have onely three speers or prosses, the two
lower turne awry, but the uppermost groweth up-
right to heaven, yet sometimes it falleth out (as the
keepers of the saide beast alfirmed) that either by
sicknes or else through want of food, the left horn
hath but two branches ; in length they are one
Roman foot and a halfe, and one finger and a halfe
in bredth, at the roote two Roman palmes.

TopselVs Fotty-Foofed Bea.its, p. 327.

PROTENSE. Extension ; drawing out.
PROTER. A poker. SufoU;
PROTHODAWE.

An archefoole cannot forge a lye for his pleasure,
but a prothodawe wyll faine a glose to mainteine his
folish fantasie. Hall, Henry V. f. 41.

PROTRACT. Delay. {Lat.)
PROTRITE. Beaten up. {Lat.)

The fourth most piotrite and manifest unto the
world is their inconstancie.

Wright's Passions o/the Minde, 1621, p. 40.

PRO

G49

PUC

PROU. An inteijection used iu driving cattle

when they loiter.
PROUD. (1) Luxuriant. North.

(2) Full ; high ; swelled. Line. Pegge explains
it large, ed. 1839, p. 123.

(3) Swelling ; having a sore inflammation, as
flesh has. Wesf.

(4) To be maris appetens. North.

Yong man wereth jolif.

And than proxidech mail and wiif.

At-thour and ilertin, p. II.

PROUD-PEAR. A kind of pear. It is men-
tioned in Florio, ed. 1611, p. 182.
PROUD-TAILOR. A goldfinch. I'ar. dial.
PROULER. A cozener, or thief.
PROVAND. Provender; provision.
Whilles that lyarde myght drawe, the whille& was he

luffed,

Thay putt hym to protranrfe, and therwyth heproveiie ;

iVow he may noghte do his dede, as he myght by-forn,

Thay lyg by-fore hym pese-straa, and beris away the

corn. MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 14y.

And though it were as good, it would not convert

clubs and clouted shoone from the flesh-pots of

Egipt, to the proua7(( of the Low-countreyes.

Nash's Pierce Pennitess''. 1592.
These sea-sick soldiers rang hills, woods, and vallies.
Seeking prr-rant to fill their empty bellies ;
Jones goes alone, where Fate prepar'd tumcet him
With such a prey as did unfriendly greet him.

Legend of Captain J^nes, l(i.>9.
PROVANG. A whalebone instrument used
for cleansing the stomach. See Aubrey's
Wilts, Roval Soc. MS. p. 191.
PROVANT-M ASTER. A person who provided
apparel for soldiers. See B. Riche's Fruites
of LongExpeiience, 1604, p. 19. In Webster's
Works, ii. 152, we have provant apparel,
apparel furnished to soldiers. Provant-
breeches, Middleton. iv. 489.
PROVE. (1) To tlirive j to be with young, gene-
rally said of cattle.
(2) To prove masteries, to make trial of skill, to

try who does the best.
PROVENDE. A prebend ; a daily or annual
allowance or stipend. {A,-A'.)
Ne Jit a lettre for to sende.
For dignite ne for procetKle.

Gower, MS. Soc. .4ntiq. 134, f. 32.
PROVIAUNCE. Provision. {A.-N.)
PROVISOUR. A purvevor, or provider.
PROVOKEMENT. Provocation. Speiuier.
PROVOSTRY. The office of provost.
PROVULGE. To publish. (Lat.)

Considering that the king hath alredy, and also

before any cecsures primulged, bothe provoked and

appeled. State Papers, 1.4}'^.

PKOW. A small boat attendant on a larger

vessel. Keunett, MS. Lansd. 1033.
PROWE. Honour ; profit ; advantage.
In long abydyng is ful lytyl prorve.

MS. Rxiul. Poet. 118.
Yif any man wil say now.
That 1 not deyde for mannys proir.
Rather thanne he schiilde be forlorne.
Vet I wolde eft beal lo-torne.

MS. Colt. Caii Cantab.

PROWESSE. Integrity. (A.-N.)
PROWEST. Most valiant. Spe7iser.
PROWOR. A priest. (^.-A'.)
PROWSE. Prowess. Wamer.
PRU. The same as Prowe, q. v.
Donat as the Pharysee
Preyde God ajens hys prv.

MS. Hart. 1701, f. 77.
Ne more hyt ys lore the vertu
Of the messe, but maruiys ;,ru.

MS. Har'. 1701, f. 16.

PRUCE. Prussia.

And I bequeth, yef that I dey shall.
For to hold my fest funeral,
An hundreth marke of pruce money fyne.
For to bistow upon bred and wyne,
With other drynkys that dilicious be,
Whiche in ordre hcrafter ye shall se.

MS. Raul. C. 86.
PRUDGAN. Pert ; brisk ■, proud. Prud, proud,

occurs in Havelok, 302.
PRUGGE. A partner, or doxy.
PRUMOROLE. A primrose. (A.-N.)
He shal ben lyk the lytel bee.
That seketh tlie blo-me on the tre.
And souketh on the prumorole.

MS. Jddit. 11307, f. 67.
PRUNE. The same as Proigne, q. v.
PRUNES. It appears from passages in Ma-
roccus Extaticus, 1595, and other works, that
stewed prunes were commonly placed in the
windows of houses of disreputable character.
PRUT. An exclamation of contempt.
And setteth hym ryjt at the lefte,
And sey th prut for thy cursyng prest.

MS. Hart. 1701, f. 20.
PRUTE. To wander about like a child.
PRUTTEN. To be proud ; to hold up the head
with pride and disdain. North. Priite, proud,
occurs in Writ;ht's Pol. Songs, p. 203.
PRYNE. Chief"; first ? {A...\.)

Be hyt wyth ryghte or wyth synne,
Hym wyl he holde moste />rv;ie.

MS. Harl. l/iil, f. 3u.
PRYOWRE. The first ; the chief.

Sche seyde thou semystearaan of honour.
And therfore thou schalt be pr:,riwre.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 1 In.
PRYTATED. Deprived.

They woulde not onelye lesc their wordely sub-
staunce, but also be pryvated of their lives and
worldly felycytie, rather then to suffre Kynge
Rycharde, that tyrauut, lenger to rule and reygue
over them. Hal!, Richard III. f. 17-

PSALL. A soul. Percy.
PUANT. Stinking. Skelton.
PUB. The poop of a vessel.
PUBBLE. Plump ;fuU. North. Kennett aj)-
plies it to corn, MS. Lansd. 1033.

Thou Shalt me fynde fat and well fed.

As puhhle as may be;
And, when thou wilt, a merle mate
To laugheand chat with thee.

Drant, ap, tVarton, iii. 3-l(;.

PUBLE. A pebble. Pal.'igrave.

PUBLIC. An inn, or alehouse. I'ar. dial.

PUCELLE. A virgin ; a giri. (A>.)

PUCK. (1) Picked. Jl'arii'.

(2) A fiend. Robin GoodfcUow was often so

41*

PUD

650

PUG

called. The term is still retainer! in the Wes-
tern counties in the phrase puck-ledden, be-
witched, fair\- led, strangely and unaccount-
alilv confused.

PUCKER. Coofusion ; bother ; perplejiitj- ;
fright ; bustle. Var. dial.

PUCKETS. Nests of caterpillars. Sussex. Moor
savs it is used in Surtblk.

PL'CK-FIST. The common puff-ball, or fungus.
It was frequently used by early wTiters as a
term of contempt; an empty, insignificant,
boasting fellow.

Old father pukfist knits his arteries.

First strikes, then rails on Riot's villanies.

Middteton's Epigrams, 1608.
If with these honors vertue he embrace.
Then love him : else his put-kfoist pompe abhorre.
Sunshine or dung-hils maltes them stinlie the more,
.\nd honor shewes all that was hid before.

Tas/lor's fforkes, 1630, i. 3.

PUCKLE. (1) -i pimple. Salop.

(2) A spirit, or ghost ; a puck.

PUCKRELS. .\ small tiend or puck.

And I thinke he told me, that he shewed him
her in a glasse, and told him she had three or foure
impes, some call them pttckrels, one like a grey cat,
another like a weasel, another like a mouse, a ven-
geance take them, it is a great pitie the country is
not rid of them, and told him also what he should
do ; it is half a yeare ago, and he never had any hurt
since. Gijford's Dialogue on WiU'hes, 1603.

PUCKSY. A quagmire. West. Possibly from
Puck, who led night-wanderers into bogs, &c.
Hence the phrase, " he got out of the mu-xy
and fell into the pucksy" — ■
Incidit in Scyllam cupiens vitare Charybdini.

PUD. (1) Budded. Weber.

(2) The hand, or fist. West.

PUDDER. Confusion ; bother.

Upon which my Lorde Willoughbie's counsell,
though to little purpose, made a great deale otpud-
der, for all the acts of parliament from E. 3 time
till R. 2 are enroled in French. MS. Hnrl. 388.

PUDDERING-POLE. A stirring-pole .=

So long as he who has but a teeming brain may
have leave to lay his eggs in his own nest, which is
built beyond the reach of every man's puddering-
pole. y. Fair/as, Bulk and Selvedge, 1674.

PUDDING. A stuft'ed cushion put upon a child's
forehead when it is first trusted to walk alone.

PUDDING-B.\G. Abu-d of the pea-eater kind,
so called from its nest being in the form of a
long pudding-bag, with a hole in the middle.

PUDDING-DIP. Sauce. Yorksli.

PUDDING-GRASS. The herb pennyroyal.

PUDDING-HEADED. Thick-headed ; stupid.

PUDDING-HOSE. Large wide breeches.

PUDDING-PIE. A piece of meat plunged in
batter and baked in a deep dish, thus partaking
of the nature of both pudding and pie. East.
It is sometimes called a pudding-pie-doH, and
in Oxfordshire the like name is given to batter
pudding baked in a hard crust. A mention of
pnddin(/-pyes occurs in Taylor's Workes, 1630,
i. 146.

Did ever John of Leyden prophecy
Of such ca Antichrist as pudding-pye.

Ftet<-h<-y'* Poe-m, p 155.

A quarter of fat lambe and three-score eggs have
beene but an easie eolation, and three well larded
pudding-pyes he hath at one time put to foyle.

The Great Eater of Kent, 163|i.
PUDDING-POKE. The long-tailed titmouse.
PUDDING-PRICK. The skewer wliich fastened
the pudding-ljag. " For this I care not a
puddyng-prycke," Shak. Soc. Papers, i. 63.
Ray gives the proverb, " he hath thwitten a
mill-post into a pudding-prick." See his Eng-
Ush Words, ed. 1674, p. 49. This phrase was
applied to a spendthrift.

Or that [ fear thee any whit

For thy cum nips of slicks,
I know no use for them so meet

As lobe p"rfin^-pricAr*. RobinHood,]. J'.

PUDDING-ROPE. A cresset-light.

PUDDINGS. The intestines. North. .4.n un-
tidy slovenly person is said to have his pud-
dings about bis heels.

PUDDING-TIME. In pudding-time, in the
nick of time, at the commencement of dinner ;
it having formerly been usual to begin with
pudding, a custom which still continues in
humble life. " I came in season, as they say,
in pudding-time," Withal's Dictionarie, 1608,
p. 3. Said to be still in use.

But Mars, who still protects the stout
\ix pudding-time came to his aid.

Hudibras, I. ii. 86.i.

PUDDING-TOBACCO. A kind of tobacco,
perhaps made up into a roll like a pudding.

PUDDINING. The ancient offering of an egg,
a handful of salt, and a bunch of matches, on
the first visit of a young child to the house of a
neighbour, is still very prevalent in many parts
of the North of England at the present time.
In the neighbourhood of Leeds the ceremony
is termed puddining, and the recipient is then
said to be puddhied.

PUDDLE. (1) To tipple. Devon.

(2) Short and fat. Yorksh. " A fat body," Hal-
lamshire Gloss, p. 120.

PUDDLE-DOCK. An ancient pool from the
river in Thames-street, not of the cleanest ap-
pearance. An affected woman was sometimes
termed Duchess of Puddle-dock.

PUD-DUD. To pad about. Ojotu

PUDGE. (1) An owl. Leic.

(2) .\ ditch, or grip. Line.

PUE. (1) Pity. "Test. Vetust. p. 380.

(2) .\n animal's udder. West.

(3) To chirp as birds do.
PUET. The peewit. Markham.
PUFF. A puff-liall. Somerset.

PUFFIN. Malum pulmoneum. A kind of apple
mentioned in Rider's Dictionarie, 1640.

PUFF-LOAF. A kindofhght bread.

PUFF-THE-DART A game played with a long
needle, inserted in some worsted, and blown
at a farset through a tin tube.

PUFF-WINGS. That part of the dress which
sprung from the shoulders, and had the appear-
ance of an inflated or blown-up wing.

PUG. (1) To sweat. Wane.

(2) A kind of loam. Sussex.

PUL

C51

PUM

(3) A thrust. (4) To strike. JVesL ^Uso, to

pluck out, to pull,
(o) In large families, the under-servants call the

upper ones pugs, and the housekeeper's room

is know u as pugs' -hole.

(6) A third-year salmon.

(7) A monkey. " Moukies, apes, pugs," Florio,
p 63. It was also a familiar and intimate
mode of address. " My pretty pug, ma bellt,
m'awie." Howell, ICOO! (8) To eat. mits.

PUG-DRINK. Water cyder. Ifest.

PLGGAKD. .\ thief. Pugging iu Shakespeare
is said to mean thiening.

PLGGEN. The gable-end. Devmi.

PUGGINS. Refuse wheat. Warw.

PLGGLE. To stir the fire. Essex.

PUGGY. Damp ; moist ; foggy. Var. dial.

PUG-MIRE. A quagmire, ""ieri.

PUG-TOOTH. The e\e-tooth. Devon. Possibly
the same as pugging-tooth in Shakespeare.

PUG-TOP. A spinning-top. M'est.

PUISNE. .\ small creature. (/■>.)

PUISSANCE. Might ; power.

King Edwarde bet-yng nothyng abashed of thys
small chaunce, sente good wordes to the Erie of
Penbroke. animat>Tig and byddyng hym to bee of a
good courage, promysynghyra not alonely ayde in
shone tyme.but also he hymself in persone royall
would folowe hym with all hys pui/ssannce and
power. Hall, Etlivard It', f. 12.

PUKE. Explained by Baret, a colour between
russet and black. " Chidro sckro, a darke puke
colour," Florio, p. 97.

That a camell is so ingendred sometimes, the
roughnes of his haire like a boares or swines, and
the strength of his body, are sufficient evidences ;
and these are worthily called Bactrians because they
were first of all conceived among them, liaving two
bunches on their backes ; whereas the Arabian hath
but one. The colour of this camell is for the most
part browne, or puke, yet there are beards of white
ones in India. TopteIVs F"ur-Footed Beaatt, I6(>7.

PULCHE. To polish. {A.-N.)

PULCHER. St. Sepulchre.

Consider this, and every day conjecture

That Pulcher's bell doth toll to Tyburn Lecture.

Satire ag'iinst Laud, 1641.
Then shall great volumes with thy travels swell.
And Fame ring lowder then Saint Pulchei-'it bell.

Taylor's tVvrkes, ii. 81.

The said lord Dakars above saide was beryid in '

Sas/ttt Pvwikuys Churche, and the said lord Dakars

was hanggid for robbre of the kyngges deer, and

murther of the kepars. MS. Ojtton. Vespas. .K. xxv.

PULCHRITUDE. Beauty. {Lat.)

PULDRONS. .Armour for the shoulder and
the upper part of the arm.

PULE. (1) A pew. Lane.

(2) To cry ; to blubber. Yorkstt.

PULER. A piding person, one who is weak,
who eats without appetite.

If she be pale of complexion, she will prove but a
puler ; is she high coloured, an ill cognizance.

T/ie Man in the Moone, ItitiO, sig. G.

PULETTE. A chicken. (^.-A'.)

PULFIN. k large fat bov. JVest.

PULID. A kite ; a glead. Line.

PULK. (1) A coward. Line.

(2) A pool ; a puddle. Var. dial.

(3) A short fat person. East.

PULL. To ptdl down a side, i. e. to injure ot
damage a cause.

PULLAILE. Poultry. {A.-N.) Pullain and
pulten is found in several early plays. " Ponl-
lailler, a poulter or keeper of pullaine,"
Cotgrave.

Thesixt house denoteth servants, sicknesse, wild
l)easls, ryding, hunting of and by dogs, sheepe and
muttons, goates and pulleine, and hath some signifi-
cation over prisons, unjustice, and false accusations,
and is called. The house cadant of the fourth, and
otherwise ill fortune, and hath government over
the belly and bowels.

Judgements of the Starres, 15&5.

PULLE. Pool. {A.-S.)

Tho hi mijten drinke that hi weren fulle.
Hi floten swithe rived bi dich and bi pulle.

MS. BiHil. Co2, i. 1 .

PULLEN. The small crab used for baiting sea-

fisbing-books. North.
PULLER. A loft for poultry. Xorf.
PULLEY-PIECES. Armour for the knees.
PULL-FACES. To luake grimaces.
PULLING-TDIE. The evening of a fair-day,

when the wenches are puUed about. East.
PULLISH. TopoUsh. Palsgrave.
PULL-OVER. .\ carriage-way over the banks

of the sea. Line.
PULL-REED. A long reed used for ceilings

instead of laths Somerset.
PULLS. The chaff of pulse. North.
PULL-TO\V-KNOTS. The coarse and knotty

parts of the tow. East.
PULLY-HAWLY. (I) TopuU stoutly.
1 2) To romp about. Var. dial.
PULLY'-PIECES. The poleins, or armour for

the knees. See Howell, in v.
PULMENT. A kind of pottage. " Pulmeitto-

riiim, a pulment," NominaleMS.
PULPATOONS. Confections.
PULPIT-CUFFER. A nolent preacher.
PULSE. Pottage. Somerset.
PULSEY. A poultice. North.
PULSIDGE. Pidse. Shai.
PULT. Out pult, put out.

Aveexcludit penalitatcm, ave ys out piWr a", hard-

nesse. MS. Burnei/3M,p a3-

PULTER. A poulterer. Palsgrave. Also, the

royal otficer who had charge of tlie poultry.
PULTERS. The men in mines who convey the

coal from the hewers. North.
PULVER1NG-D.\YS. Any days when the com-

munity assemble to let to farm the town

lauds ; but the contract was always confirmed

on a particidar day, as at Southwold, on the

6th of December.
PULVER-WEDNESDAY. Ash- Wednesday.
PULWERE. A pillow. (A.-N.)
PUII. To beat, or thump. North.
PUMMEL. To beat soundly. Var. dial.
PUMMEL-FOOTED. Club-footed. West. Some

of the glossaries have pumple-footed.
PUMMEL-TREE. A whippletree for horses.
PUMMER. Big; large. North.

PUN

C52

PUR

PUMMY. Soft ; pulpv. Var. dial.
PUMPET-BALL. The ball with which a

printer lays ink ou the forms.
PUXl-PUM. A Uulicrous term, applied by

Marston to a fiddler.
PUN. (1) To pound, or beat. TFesf. "To

stampe or punne in a morter," Florio, p. 6.

(2) A child's pinafore. Devon.

(3) A small iron sleillet. Line.
PUNAY. A smaU fellow ; a dwarf.

Arthour, with a lilel pmtay,
Hadde y-drivcn hem oway.

j^rt hour and Merlin, p. 121.

PUNCCION. A puncture. (Laf.)

But I thinke thys was no dreame, but a pitnccifn
and pricke of his synfull consi-ience, for the con-
science is somuche more charged and aggravate, as
the offence is great and more heynous in degre.

Hall, Richard J J J. f.29.
PUNCH. (1) A hard blow. far. dial.

(2) To kick. Yor/csfi.

(3) A kind of horse. Suffolk.

(4) Short ; fat. North. A pot-bellied man is
said to be pmichi/.

(5) To work ver\- hard. Oxon.
PUNCH-AND-JUDY. A kind of dramatic ex-
hibition with puppets, still verv popular.

PUNCH-CLOD. A clodhopper.' North.

PUNCHION. (1) A bodkin. North.

(2) An upright piece of stout timber in a
wooden partition. " Asser, a punchion or
jovst," Elvot.ed. 1559.

PUNCHITH. To punish. (^.-.V.)

PUNCTED. Punctured. {Lat.)

And after that she came to her memory, and was
revy ved agayne, she wept and sobbyd, and with pito-
full scriches she repleneshyd the hole ixianciou, her
bresle she puncted, her fayte here she tare.

Hall, Richard III. f. 4.

PUND. A pound. North.
PUNDER. (1) To puzzle. Il'estm.

(2) To balance evenly. East.

(3) A mortar. Yorish.

PUNEAR. To peruse a book. South.

PUNG. (1) A purse.

(2) Pushed. Exmoor.

PUNGAR. A crab. Kent.

PUNGEDE. Pricked.

Belialde his bludy I5eschc,

His \\e\dt pungede with thorne.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 222.

PUNGER. To spunge upon. West.
PUNGLED. Shrivelled ; tough. East.
PUNICE. To punish. (J.-N.)
PUNIES. (1) Small creatures. (/■>.) Freshmen

at Oxford were called punies of the first year.
(2") Lice or insects. Halt.
PUNISH.MENT. Pain. West.
PUNK. (1) Touch-wood. North.
(2) A prostitute. " Seated cheek by jowlc

with a punke," Dekker's Knight's Conjuring.

p. 20, Percy Society repr.

His pimpship with iiis punke, despight the home,

Eate goiling giblets in a fort of corne.

Tai/lor's IVuiltes, 163<l, i. 110.
PUNKY. (1) Dirty. />«•*.
(2) A cliimney-sweeper. Yorish.

PUN'SE. To punch, or beat. North.
PUNTO. A term in fencing; puitto dritta, a

direct sti'oke ; punto riversa, a back-banded

stroke. See Rom. and Jul. ii. 4.
PUOY. A long pole with spikes at the end,

used in propeUiug barges or keels. North.
PUPPY. A puppet. East.
PUR. (1) The poker. Line.

(2) A one year old male sheep.

(3) To whine, as a cat. Yar. dial.

(4) Pur, pur-chops, pur-dogs, pur-ceit, &c.
terms at the old game of Post-and-Pair.

(5) To kick. North.

(6) A bov. Dorset.

PURCH.iSE. The booty of thieves. A very
I common term in old plays.
I PURD V. (1) Proud ; surly ; rude. East.

(2) A little thickset fellow. North.

PURE. (1) Mere; very. Still in use. A coun-
tryman shown Morland's picture of pigs feed-
ing, corrected the artist, by exclaiming, "They
be pure loike surelye, but whoever seed
three pigs a-feeding without one o' em having
bis foot in the trough .'"

(.2) Poor. R. de Bruune, Bowes MS.

Now wate 1 wele you covaytes to wyte whUlie
are verray purt, and whiliie noghte.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17^ f. 2U2.

(3) In good health, far. dial.

(4) To purify. Maundevile, p. 286.
^5) A pi-ostitute. A cant term.
PURED. Furred. Hitson.
PURELY. (1) Prettily; nicely. East.

Ortolan, a delicate bird, of the bigness of a lark.
It sings purely, and is good to eat.

Mieg:e's Great French Dictionarij, 1688.
(2) The same as Pure (3).
PURFLE. The hem of a gown. Also, to orna-
ment with trimmings, edgings, or embroi-
dery. " k blac lamb furre without purfile of
sable," Lydgate's Minor Poems, p. 57.

To the Lady Beauinout, my daugliter, a purfieoi
sable, my best feather-bed, and c her furniture.

Test. Vctu t. p. 471.

PURGATORY. The pit grate of a kitchen fire-
place. West.

PURGY. Proud ; conceited. North.

PURITAN. A whore. A cant term.

PURKEY. A species of wheat.

PURL. (1) Border; hem; firinge ; stitch-work;
a twist of gold or silver.

(2) To turn swiftly round; to curl or run in cir-
cles ; to eddy, as a stream.

(3) Guard ; watch. Cornw.

(4) A term in knitting. It means an inversion
of the stitches, which gives to tlie work, in
those parts in which it is used, a different ap-
pearance from the general surface. The seams
of stockings, the alternate ribs, and what are
called the clocks, are purled.

PURLE. To prowl about for prey.
PURLEY. Weak-sighted. Wilts'.
rURLICUE. A flourish in writing.
!'URLINS. Those pieces of timber that lie
across the rafters on the inside, to preserva

PUR

653

PUT

them from sinking in the middle of their
length.
PURL-ROYAL. A liquor made with sack mixed

with various spices.
PURN. An instrument for holding a vicious
horse by the nose whilst the blacksmith is
shoeing him.
PURPAIN. A napkin. The counterpane of a

bed was called the purjiain orpurpoint.
PURPLES. A species of orchis.
PURPOOLE. Gray's-inn, so called from the

ancient name of its manor or estate.
PURPOSES. A kind of game. "Theprettie
game wliich we cai\ purposes," Cotgrave, in v.
Opinion.
PURPRESTURE. An encroachment on any-
thing that belongs to the king or the pul)Uc.

A brief discoverie of the great pxtrpre.^ture of
newe buyldinges nere to the ciitie, with the
meanes howe to restraine the same.

ArciicBologiat xxiii. 121.
PURPRISE. Aninclosure. (J.-N.)
PURPURIXG. Ilaring a purple colour.
PURR-BARLEY. \\M barley.
PURREL. A hst ordained to he made at the
end of kersies to prevent deceit in diminish-
ing their length. See Blount.
PURSE. To steal, or take purses.
PURSE-NET. A net, the ends of which are
drawn together with a string, like a purse.

For thinke yee to cateh fishe witli an unbaited
hoolie, or take a whale with a j'ttr^eiiet, tlien may
yee retuourne with a bare hooke, and an emptie
purse. Rout^if'a Search for Monet/, lliOl).

PURSEWEND. Suitable ; pursuant. {J.-X.)
PURSLEN. Porcelain.
PURST. Lost ; gone away.
PURT. To pout ; to take a dislike ; to be sul-
len, or sulkv. Jl'est.
PURTE. Piiritv.

PURTEXANCE. (1) That which belongs. Ap-
purtenance is still in use as a law term.
Alle the loiidys and passessions
That I have lying within the tK>wns
Of Southwerke and of ihe stwes syde,
As wynde-melies ande water-milles eke,
With alle their purlfnaunees lying on every syde,
That be there redy and ar not for to seke.

MS. Haul. cm.
And to alle that clerkys avauuce
To holy cherches portynnunce.

.V.9. Harl. 17111, f. 7a.
(2) An animal's intestines. Pahgrave.
PURTING-GLUMPOT. A sulkv fellow. Devon.
PURTRED. Portrayed. (J.-N.)
There was purtred in ston
The fylcsoferus everychon,
The story of Absolon. Sir Degrf.vant, 1449.

PURVEY. To provide. (A.-N.) It is a sub-
stantive in our second example.
Yf he wyste that hyt woliie gayne.
He woltle ;yurt'f,v hym fulle layne

That lady (or to Wynne ;
He had nnthyr hors norspere,
Nor no wepyn hym with to were.

That brake hys hcrte withynne.

MS. Can'ab. Ff. il. ,1R, f. 76.
The which, when they hear of the arrival and

pun-ey that ye, and other of our subjects make at
home in help of us, shall give them great courage to
haste their coming unto us much the rather, and
not fail ; a* we trust fully. Letter 0/ Henry V. 1419.
PURVEYAN'CE. (1) Providence; foresight.
(2) Provision. (.-/.-.V.)

Body and sowle so ttiey may hem lede
Into blysse of etemalle ptirvyatmce.

MS. Cantab. Ff. 1. 6, f. 137.
Was never slylke a purveaunce
Made in Vngland ne in France.

MS. Lincoln A. 1. 17, f. 138.

PURVIDE. To provide. East.

PURVIL. To gain one's liveUhood by artful
and cunning means. Xortfi.

PURWATTLE. A splashed hedge. Devon.

PUR-WIGGY. A tadpole. Stiffoli.

PURYE. A kind of pottage.

PUSAYLE. A guard, or archer. (.-/.-.¥.)
Scarsly couthe 1 chare away the kite,
That me bireve wolde my pusnyte,

Occleve, MS. Sm: .4r,ttq. 134, f. 233.

PUSESOUN. Poison. (^.-A^)

Mani taketh therof puWAOun,
And dyeth in michel wo.

Ronland and i'ernaffu,^ 11.

PUSH. (I) An exclamation, as Pish !
(2) A boil. East. "Red pimples or ^!«Ae* in
mens faces," Florio, p. 69. " A little swelling,
like a bladder or push, that riseth in bread
when it is baked," Baret, 1580.
PUSH-PIN. A child's play, in which pins are
pushed with an endeavour to cross them. So
explained by Ash, but it vvotUd seem from
Beatmiont and Fletcher, vii. 25, that the game
was played by aiming pins at some object.
To see the Sonne you would admire,
Goe play at pustt.pin with his >ire.

Men Mirticles, W'S, p. 15.
Love and myselfe, beleeve me, on a day.
At childish push-pin, for our sport, did play.

Heri-ick's Hu.A-., i, 22.

PUSH-PLOUGH. A breast-plough. Staff.

PUSKILE. A pustule.

PUSKITCHIN. A tale-teller. West.

PUSKY'. Wheezy. Somerset.

PUSS. (1) A hare. far. dial.

(2) A woman, in contempt.

PUSSOMED. Poisoned. Yorksh.

PUSSY-CATS. Catkins. Sout/i.
I PUSTLE. A ])ustule. Florio, p. 64.
I PUT. (1) .\n attempt. JVario.

(2) To put a girdle round anything, to travel or
go round it. To put to business, to vex or
trouble. To put about, to teaze or worry.
To put on, to subsist ; to impose upon. To

put the miller^s eye out, to make pudding or
broth too thin. To put the stone, to throw
the stone al)ove hand, from the uplifted hand,
for trial of strength. Put to it, at a loss for
anexpethent. Toput forth, to begin to bud.
To put off, to delay. Put out, annoyed, vexed.

(3) To push, or propel. North. It occurs in
Pr. Parv. and Ilavelok.

(1) A two-wheeled cart used in husbandry, and
so constructed as to be turned up at the axle
to discharge the load.

QUA

654

QUA

(5) To stumble. Noif.
C^) A mole-hiU. Suffolk.

(7) A pit, or cave. {A.-S.)

(8) A game at cards.

There are some playing at back-gammon, some
at trick-track, some at picket, some at cribidge, and,
perhaps, at a by-table m a corner, four or tive harm-
less fellows at put, and ^Il-foures.

Country Gentte'itan's Vadt Mevnm, 1G9!>, p. 75.

(9) In coal mines, to bring the coals from the
workings to the crane or shaft.

(10) A stinkina;fellow. Devon.
PUTAYLE. The populace. (A.-N.)
PUT.\yN. A whore. {A.-N.) Fiz d putain,

son of a whore, a common term of reproacli,

misprinted in Gy of Warwike, p. 295.
PUT-CASE. Suppose a case, i. c. take an

example from an imaginary case.
PUTCH. A pit, hole, or puddle. Kent.
PUTCHKIN. A wicker bottle. West.
PUTE. To impute. Still in use.
PUTERIE. Whoredom. {A.-N.)
And bygan fulstille to spye,
And herde of byre piitri/e.

Wright's Seven Snge^, p. 4".
PUTHE. Pitch. Hearne.
PUTTIER. (1) Pewter. North.
(2) Tlie same as Fudder, q. v.
PUTHERY. Said of a sheep which has water

on tlie brain. Sussex.
PUTLOGS. The cross horizontal pieces of a

scatfold in building a house.
PUT-ON. (1) To be depressed, or sad.

(2) Put your hat on ; be covered. This phrase
occurs in Massinger and Middleton.

(3) To excite, or stir up ; to go fast.
PUTOUR. A whoremonger. (A.-N.)
PUT-OVER. (1) A hawk was said to put over

when she removed her meat from the gorge
into the stomach.
(2) To recover from an illness.
PUT-PIN. The game of p«.vA/«'«, q. V. There
is an allusion to it under this name in Nash's
Apologie, 1593.

That can lay downe maidens bedds.
And that can hold thcr sickly heds :
That can play at put-pin,
Blowe-poynte, and near lin.

Play of Misogonus, MS.
PUTRE. To cry. North.
PUTTER. A lever. Suffolk.

PUTTER-OUT. (1) A distributor.
(2) One who dejiosited money with a party on
going abroad, on condition of receiving a great
interest for it on his return, proportionable to
the dangers of the journey, and the chances
of his arrival to claim it. This custom was
very common in Shakespeare's time, and is
alluded to in tlie Tempest, iii. 3.
PUTTICE. A stoat, or weasel. Kent.
PUTTOCK. (1) A common prostitute.
[2) A kite. The term was meta])horicany applied
to a greedy ravenous fellow.
Who sees ahcferdead and bleeding fresh.
And sees hard-hy a butcher with an axe.
But wil sus|tect twas he that made the slaughter?
Who findes the partridge m the putlocks neast,
But will imagine how the bird came there.

Fust Part o/t/te Conteutnni, ICon.
I am a greate travelir.

1 lite on the dunghill like a puttock!
Nay, take me with a lye,

And cut out the brane of my buttock.

Muriitge of Witt and Wisdome, l.'JT!*

PUTTOCK-CANDLE. The least caudle in a

pound, put in to make up weight. Kent.
PUT-UP. (1) To sheath one's sword.
(2) To tolerate ; to bear with. Also, to take up

residence at an inn. Var. dial.
PUZZEL. A filthy (h-,ab.

PUZZLE-HEADED-SPOONS. Apostle-headed-
spoous ; each with the figure of an apostle, his
bead forming the top of the spoon. They
may be seen at several places in Cornwall and
Devon. See Apostle-spoons.
PUZZUM. Spite; malice. North.
PY'E. Father of the Pye, the chairman of a

convivial meeting. Devon.
PYKE. To move or go off.
PYONINGS. Works of pioneers; niibiary

works of strength. Spenser.
PYRAMIDES. "Spires of churches.
PYTE. Mercy; pity. (A.-S.)
Fro dalis deep to the I cryde.

Lord, thow listyn the voys of me !
This deep presoun that 1 in byde,

Brek it up Lord for thin pytt.
Be thow niyn governcwr and niyn gyde,

Myn gostly foode, that I noujt fle.
And let out of thin herte glyde.
That I have trespasyd ajens the.

Hitmpole's Paraphrase of the Panhm. MS.

QThe same as Cue (1). " Go for a q,"
Lilly's Mother Bombie, ap. Nares.
QD. Contr. for quod or quoth.
QHYP. A whip. Prompt. Parv.
QRUS. Wrathful. See Crous (1).
QUA. Who.

Qua herd ever a warr auntur.

That he that noght hadd botofhlm,

Agaynhim suldbecum sua grim.

MS. Oitt. t'espas. A. iii. f. 4.
QUAB. An unfledged bird. Hence, anything

in an imperfect, unfinished state.
qUABBE. A bog, or quagmire.
QUACK. To be noisy, ll'est. The term is
applied to any croaking noise.

QUACKING-CHE.\T. A duck. An old cant
term, given by Dekker, 1C16.

QUACKLE. To choke, or suffocate. Fast.

QUACKSALVER. A cheat or quack.

But the juglers or quacksalvers take them by
another course, for they have a statfe slit at one end
like a payre of tongs, those stand open by a pinne ;
now, when they see a serpent, viper, adder or snake,
they set them uppon the neck neere the head, and
pulling foorth the pinne, the serpent is mevitably
taken, and by them loosed into a prepared vess.ll,
in which they keepe her, and give her meate.

Topsell's Historic of S^pents, 1608, p. 4Sl

QUAD. Bad; evil. Chaucer.

QUADDLE. To dry, or shrivel up. West.

QUA

655

QUA

QUADDY. Broad ; short and thick. East.
QUADE. To spoil, or destroy.
QU.VDR.VT. Arranged in squares.

And they followed in a qtiadrat array to the eutent
to destroy kyng Henry.

Hairn Union, 1518. Hen IV. f. 13.

QUADRELLS. Four square pieces of peat or
turf made into that fashion by the spade that
cuts them. Staff.

QU.\DRILLE. A game at cards, very similar
to Omdre, q. v.

QUADRILOGE. A worls compiled from four
authors. A Life of Thomas Becket was so called.
The very aiithours of the quadritoi^e itselfe, or
song of foiire parts, for they yeeld a concert, though
it be without harmonie, due all, with one pen and
mouth, acknowledge the same.

Lambaidt'a Perambulation, 1596, p. 515.

QUADRIVIUM. The seven arts or sciences
were formerly divided into the quadrimtim, or
fourfold way to knowledge ; and the trieium,
or threefold way to eloquence. The former
comprised arithmetic, geometry, music, and
astronomy ; the latter, grammar, rhetoric,
and logic.

QUAER. \Miere.

That 1 mit becum hirman, I began to crave.
For nothing in hirde fondin wolj I let ;
Scliebar me fast on bond, that 1 began to rave,
And bad me fond ferther, a fol for to feche.
t^aer gospellis al thi speche f
Thu findis hir noht hire the sot th.it tbu seche.

MS. Arundel 27, f. 130.

QU.\G. A hog, or quagmire, far. dial. Hence
quaggy, soft and tremulous.

QUAGGLE. A tremulous motion. South.

QUAIL. (l)To go wrong.

(2) To shrink, flinch, or j-ield. To soften or
decrease, Hohnshed, Conq. Ireland, p. 21.
Sometimes, to faint, to droop, to fall sick.

(3) To curdle. East. " I quayle as mylke dothe,
'e guaillebotte ; this myUce is quayled, eate
none of it," Palsgrave. " The cream is said
to be quailed when the butter begins to ap-
pear in the process of churning," Batchelor's
Orthoep. Anal. p. 140.

(4) A whore. An old cant term.

(5) To overpower, or intimidate.
QUAIL-MUTTON. Diseased mutton. Line.
QUAIL-PIPE. A pipe used to call quails.

Quail-pipe boots, boots resembling aquad-pipe,
from the number of plaits or wrinkles.
QUAINT. Elegant ; neat ; ingenious. Occa-
sionally, prudent. Quainfttcss, beauty, ele-
gance. Now obsolete in these senses.
QU.A.INTE. To acquaint ; infonn.

There if he travaile unA <juai7tte htm well.
The Treasure of Knowledges is his eche deale.

Recorde's Castle o/ Knowledge, 1556.
QUAIRE. A quire, pamphlet, or book.
Thow litell quayer, how darst thow shew thy face,
Or com yn presence of men ofhoneste ?
Sitb thow ard rude and folowist not the trace
Of faire langage, nor haiste no bewte ;
Wherefore of wysedom thus 1 counccll the.
To draw the bakefer out of their ight.
Lest thow be had in reproef and dispite.

its. Rawl. C. 86.

QUAISY. (1)

Hit most be a curet, a crouned wyght,

That knowth that quai/.^ frome ben an<l pe>c,

Orellys theyre medsyns they have no myght
To gevea mane lysens to lyve in ease.

its. Cantab. Vf. i.O'

(2) Indigestible; tough. North.

QUAKE. (1) To shake. Shak.

(2) Fear, trembling. {.-i.-S.)

Thou shal bye thi breed ful dere.
Til thou turne ajeyn in quake
To that erthe tliou were of.take.

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll. Trin. Cantab, f. B.

QUAKER-GRASS. Tlie shaking grass. Jrorc.
QUAKING-CHE.VT. A calf, orsheep.
QUALE. TokUl,or destrov. (J.-S.)
QUALESTEll. " r,^or«/a, a qwalester," Nomi-

nale MS. of the fifteenth century.
QUjUjIFY. To soothe, or appease.
QUALITY. Profession ; occupation.
QUALITY-MAKE. The gentry. North.
QUALLE. A whale.

The lady whyte als qwatlis bane,
Alle falowed hir hewe.

MS. Lineoln A. i. 17, f- H3.
QUALME. (1) Sickness ; pestilence. {J.-S.\
(2) The noise madehv a raven.
QUAMP. Still ; quiet. U'est.
QUANDORUM. A poUte speech. South.
QU.\NK. To overpower. Il'est.
QU.\NT. A pole used by the bargemen on the
Waveney between Yarmouth and Bungay, for
pushing on their craft in adverse or scanty
winds. It has a round cap or cot at the
immerged end to prevent its sticking in the
mud. Some of the quants are nearly thirty
feet long. The term occurs in Pr. Parv.
QUANTO-DISPAINE. An ancient dance de-
scribed in MS. Rawl. Poet. 108.
QUAPPE. To quake ; to tremble.
QUAR. (1) A quarry. West.

When temple? lye like batter'd qttarrs.
Rich in their ruin'd sepuicher*.
When saints forsake theit pamted glass
To meet their worship as they pass.

Fietvher^B Poems, p. 136.

(2) To coagulate, apphed to milk in the female

breast. Somer.set.
QUARE. To cut into pieces.
QU.\REL. .\ stone quarry. " Saxifragium, a

qwarvle," Nominale MS.
QUARELLES. Arrows. (./.-A'.)

Qwureltes qwayntly swappez thorowe knyghtez

With iryneso wekyrly, that wynche they never.

ilorte .4rll,ur^, MS. Lincoln, f. 75.

QUARIER. A wax-candle, consisting of a
square lump of wax with a wick in the centre.
It was also called a qnarioa, and is frequently
mentioned in old inventories. " .\11 the endes
of quarriers and prickets," Ord. and Reg. p.
295.

QUARKEN. To suffocate ; to strangle.

With greatte dyfficultie I fynde it out I have a
throtebolle ahnoste strangled i. snarled or quar.
ken>tyd with extreme hunger

PaU^ave'a Acolastui, 1540.

QU.VRL. To quarrel. Somerset. " Quarled

QUA

656

QUE

poison," quotation In Nares. Should we read
" gnarled poison ?"
QUAROF. Whereof.

With Litylmoc, the le^t fynger.

He begynlics to hoke,
And saves, qnmo/ ar,l thou so ferd ?
Hit is a litil synne,

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 82.
QUARRE. Square.

^aarre scheld, gode swerd of steil,
Andlaunce stef, biteand wel.

Aitliouy and Slerlititp 111.

QU.\RREL. (1) A square of window glass,
properly one placed diagonally. Anciently,
a diamond-shaped pane of glass. Hence the
cant term quarrel-picker, a glazier. The word
was applied to several articles of a square
shape, and is still in use.

(2) A duel, or private combat.

QUARRELOUS. Quarrelsome. Shak.

QUARRIER. A worker at a quarry.

QUARROMES. The body. A cant term. See
a list in Dekker's Lanthorne and Candle-light,
4to. Loud. 1620, sig. C. ii.

QUARRY. (1) Fat ; corpulent. " A quarry, fat
man, oiesivi," Coles' Lat. Diet.

(2) See Quarter and Quarrell,

(_3 ) Prey, or game. Quarri/-haicl; an old entered
and reclaimed hawk.

(4) An arrow. Drayton, p. 29.

QUART. (1) A quarter. Spenser.

(2) Three pounds of butter. Leic.

QU.VRTER. (1) An upright piece of timber in
a partition. Somerset.

(2) A noise ; a disturbance.

SiDg, hi ho, Sir Arthur, no more in the house yon

shall pr.-ite ;
For all you kept such a quarter, you are out of the

counceli of state.

Wngltt^s Political Ballads, p. 151).

(3) .\ square panel. Britton.
QUARTERAGE. A quarter's wages.
QU.\RTERER. A lodger. Devon.
QUARTER-EVIL. A disease in sheep, arising

from corruption of the blood. South.
QUARTER-FACE. A countenance three parts

averted. Jonsan.
QUARTEROUX. A quarter.

And there is not the mone seyn in alle the luna-
cioui), saf only the seconde qitarteroun.

ilaundtivUe's Travels, p. 301.
QUARTER-SLINGS. A kind of ropes or chains
used on board a ship.

Thy roaring cannons and thy chens

Be layde on every side ;
Vea bases, foulers, quarter slings,
■\Vhich often hath been tride.

Gaul/rido and Barnordo, 15/0.

QUARTLE. A fourth part, or quarter.

QUASH. A pompion.

QU.\SS. To quaff, or drink. Some suppose

this to be a corruption of quaff.
QUASTE. Quashed ; smashed.

Abowte scho whirles the whele and whirles me
undire,

Tille alle my qwarters yt whille vry^are gwaste al to

peccs.

Morte Arthure, MS. LincUn, f. 8!).

QUASY. Same as Queasy?

I have passed full many quasy dayes,
That now unto good I cannot mate.
For mary I dyde myselfe to late.

The Complar/nte ffthem that ben to late marped,

QUAT. (1) To squat down. Dorset. To go to
quat, i. e. alvum levare.

(2) Full ; satiated. Somerset. " Quatted with
other daintier fare," Philotimus, 1583.

(3) A pimple, or spot. Hence, metaphorically, a
diminutive person.

(-1) To flatter. Deton.

QUATCH. (1) To betray ; to tell ; to peach. A
woman speaking of a person to whom she had
confided a confidential secret, said, "lam
certain he won't quatch." Otf.

(2) A word. Berks.

(3) Squat, or flat. Shak.
QUATE. Thought.

To bilde he hade gode qttate.
At London he made agate.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. iM.

QUATER-JACKS, The quarters or divisions

of the hour struck bv the clock. Line.
QUATHE. Said ?

The king it al hem graunted rathe.
And hye him al merci qwtthe.

Artlwui and Merlin, p. Cn.

QUATHING. In good condition.

QUATRON. A quartern. {A.-N.)

QU AUGHT. To drink deeply.

QUAVE. To shake, or vibrate. Derb. "A! the
world quaved," Piers Ploughman, p. 373.

QUAVE-MIRE. A bog, or quagmire. Pals-
grave. It is spelt quttkemire in Staniliurst's
Description of Ireland, p. 20. " A verie
qtiave mire on the side of an hill," Harrison,
p. 61. Cf. Holinshed, Chron. Scot. p. 48.

QUAVERY-MAVERY. Undecided. East.

QU.iVIN-GOG. A quagmire. Wilts.

QUAWKING. Croaking ; cawing, far. dial.

QUAY'. " l^tay or sower mylke," MS. note by
Junius, in his copy of the Ortus Vocab. in
the Bodleian Library.

QU.\YED. Quailed;' subdued. Spenser.

QUAYT. A gnat. NominaleMS.

QUE. A cow. Line.

QUEACH. (1) A thicket. Coles.

(2) A plat of ground left unploughed on account
of queaches or thickets. East.

QUEACHY. Wet ; saturated ; quashy ; swampy ;
marshy. Sometimes, running like a torrent
of water. " Torrens, quechi," JIS. Lansd.
560, f. 45, a vocabulary of the fifteenth cen-
tuiT, written in Lancashire.

QUE.AL. To faint away. Devon.

QUEAN. A slut ; a drab ; a whore ; a scold.
The terra is not necessarily in a bad sense in
some writers. '^ Anus, a old queue," MS.
Bibl. Reg. 12 B. i. f. 40.

QUEASY. (1 ) Squeamish ; nice ; delicate. Still
in use, meaning sickish. It sometimes sig-
nifies mad.

(2) Short ; brief. Devon.

QUEATCHE.

For they that lacke customers all the weeke,
either because their haunt is unknowen, or the con-

QUE

657

QUE

ttables and officers of their parish watch them so
narrowly that they liare not qupntihe, to celebrate
the S.ibboth, flocke too theaters, and there keepe a
geoetall market of bawdrie.

Got^on'e Schoole of Abuse^ 1579.
QUEATE. Peace ; quietness.
QLECK. .A.blow.=

But what and the ladder slyppe,
Than I am decey ved yet ;
.^nd yf I fall 1 catche av«ec*e,
I may fortune to breke my necke,
And that joynt is ytl to set.
Nay, nay, not so I Enterluiie of Youths n. d .
QUECORD. A game prohibited by an ancient
statute, and supposed by Blouut to be similar
to shovel-board.
QUED. .A shrew ; an evil person.
Xamly an eyre that vs a qtt^d.
That desyreth hvs fadrys ded.

ilS. Hnrl. 1701, f. 42.
QUEDE. (1) Harm ; evil. Also, the devil.
.\s he stodc slylle and bode the quede.
One com with an asse charged with brede.

MS. Hurl. 1701, f. 37.

(2) A bequest. (.7.-5.)

QUEDER. To shake, or shiver.

QUEDNES. Iniquity. This word occurs in

MS. Cotton. Vespas. D. vii. Ps. 10.
QUEDUR. Whether.

Sheseid; .Mas ! how shuld I lyfe,
Er thus my life to lede in loud ;
Fro dale to downe I am dryfe,

I wot not quedur I may sit or stond.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48, f. 109.

QUEE. A female calf. North.

QUEED. The cud. " To chamme the ytiefrf."

This is given as a Wiltshire word in MS.

Lansd. 1033, fol. 2.
QL'EEK. To press or squeeze down ; to pinch.

Heref.
Ql'EEL. To grow flabby. Devon.
QUEEN-DICK. That happened in the reign

of Queen Dick, i. e. never.
QUEEN-OF-HEARTS. An old country dance,

mentioned in the Bran New Mark, 1785, p. 7.
QUEEN'S-GAME. A game at tables.
QUEEN'S-STICK. A stately person, iinc.
QUEER. (1) To puzzle. Var. dial.
(2) Bad; counterfeit. A cant term.
QUEERQUIST. A quiz. Heref.
QUEER-STRET. A phrase thus generally

used : " WeU ! that have put me in quecr-

stret," meaning, puzzled me queerly or

straneelv. Suffolk.
QUEER- WEDGES. Large buckles. Grose.
QUEEST. .4 wood-pigeon. West. Spelt queeze

in Wilbraham's Gloss, p. 108. The ringdove,

Ray's Catalogue of English Birds, 1674.

p. 85. " A ringdove, a stockdove, a quoist,"

Florio, p. 109.
QUEEVE. To vibrate. Beds.
QUEINT. The pudendum miUiebre.
QUEINTANCE. Acquaintance.

But folke that beon fallen in poverty.

No man desirethe to have theire qweyntance.

MS. A'hntoh S9, f. 3i.

QUEINTE. (1) Quenched. (^.-5.)

Whan hit hathe gt/ey«r his brendis bright.
Than ettcayen hit yevyth hym a newe light.

Lydgale, MS. A^hmulc 39, f. 32.
(2) Strange ; curious ; cunning ; artful ; trim ;

neat ; elegant. (.i.-N.)
QUEINTISE. Neatness; cunning.
To go aboute the boke seise.
And al bi the develis queyntiae.

MS. Ashinole 41, (.55.
QUEITE. Crept. JTill. Went:
QUEK. To quack ; to make a noise like a
goose or duck. Urry, p. 41 7.

He toke a gose fast by the nek.
And the goose Ihoo begann to qutk.

Reliq. .4ntiq. i. 4.

QUEKED. Sodden, as wine is.

QUELCH. A blow, or bang.

QUELE. A wheel. Prompt. Parv. " Qwel,

rota," MS. Lansd. SCO, f. 45.
QUELLE. To kill. {J.-S.)
QUELLIO. A ruff for the neck. {Span.)
QUELME. To kill; to destroy. (A.-S.) It

occurs in MS. Cotton. Vespas. D. vii.
QUELTRING. Sultn- ; sweltering. West.
QUEME. (U To please. {A.-S.)

of all vettues yeve me eke largesse
To be acceptid the to quenie and serve,
Tofjueonely thy grace I may deserve.

Lydgate, MS. Ashmi,le 39, f. 12.

(2) To bequeath ; to leave by legacy.

(3) The same as gueint, q. v. "I tell you,
Hodge, in sooth it was not cleane, it was as
black as ever was Malkin's queme," Timiult,
play dated 1613, Rawl. MS. Grose has fuim,
which he derives from the Spanish i/uemar,
to bum. It is, perhaps, connected with the
old word qneint, which, as I am informed by
a correspondent at Newcastle, is still used in
the North of England by the colliers and
common people.

QUENCH. To lay or place in water, with-
out reference to extinguishing. See Harrison's
England, p. 130.

QUENE. When.

Quene that the kyng Arthur by conquestehadewonnyue

Ca&tflles and kyngdoms and coutreez many.

Moi-te Arthure,MH. Lincoln, f. 53.

QUENINGES. Quinces. (.V.-.V.)
QUENTLY. Easilv. Gauayne.
QL'EQUER. A quaver.

Toa^Ke^wer Robeo went. R<bin Hood, i. 90.
QUERDLING. A kind of apple, perhaps the

original of what we call coillin.
QUERELE. A complaint.

Thou lyf, thou lusie, thou mannis hele.
BiholUe my cause and my querele.

Cotter, MS. 5'>c. Autiq. 13A. f. 39.
That all ministers, now to be deprived in this
qtierele of rites, may be pardoned of all the payments
of first-fruits due after deprivation.

Griudal's Rttnuins, 1843, p. 289.

QUERESTAR. A chorister, ^'ahgrave.
Thy harp to Pan's pipe, yield, god Fhcebus,
For 'tis not now as in diebus
Illis ; Pan all the year we follow.
But semcl in anno ridet Apollo;
Thy quiriater cannot come near
The voice of this our chanticlctr.

H9ywoo<rs Love's MLstrf^s.p. 42.
42

QUE

658

QUI

QUERK. (1) To grunt; to moan. West.

(2) A moulding in joinery. North.

QUERKEN. To stifle, or choke. North.
" Chekenyd or qwerkenyd," Pr. Parv.

It wil grow in the ventricle to such a masse that
it wil at the rcceit of any hot moisture send up such
an asceiuliug fome that it wil be ready to qiiirkett and
stifle us. Optick GInsse of Humors, 1639, p. 124.

QUERN. (1) Corn. Salop.

(2) A mill. This word is generally applied to a
hand-mill. {A.-S.) " Mola, a qwernstone,"
Nominate MS.

Having therefore groond eight bushels of good
malt upon our qttenie, where the toll is saved, she
addeth unto it halfe a bushell of wheat meale.

Hafrison's Destn-iplioii ofEnirland, p. 169.

QUERPO. Same as Cuerpo, q. v. "Me must
den valke in quir])o,"fi&hhe&' Bride, 4to. Lond.
1640,sig. F. iv.

A batt, who nigh in (jjierpo sat.

Lay snug, and heard the whole debate.

0:llinr Miscellanies, 1762, p. 132.

QUERROUR. A worker in a quarry.
QUERT. Joj-ful. Also, joy. /7iy«ec^ joyful,
in good spirits. See Lydgate, pp. 32, 38 ;
Ritson's Met. Rom. iii. 408-9.

Remembyr thy God while thou art qiteit.

MS. Lnud. 116, f. 76.
And that hym byhoveth leve hy t in querte.
And be overcomen and caste to helle pytt.

SIS. Cantab. VI. il. 38, f. \i.
But thouje that Noe was in quei-t.
He was not al in ese of hert.
C«i.M).- Miindi. MS. ColL. Tiin. Cantab, f. 12.

QUEST. (1) The sides of an oven. Pies are
said to be quested when their sides have been
crushed by each other, or so joined to them as
thence to be less baked. North.

(2) To give tongue as hoimds do on trail. " To
bay or quest as a dog," Florio, p. 1. Still in
use. See Forby, ii. 2G8.

Kenettes questede to quelle,
Al so breme so any belle.
The deer daunteden in the delle.
That al the downe denede.

ReHq. Antiq. ii. 7.

(3) An inqtiest. I'ar. dial. Both words are
used by Hall, Henry VIII. IT. 50, 53.

QUESTANT. A candidate ; one who is seeking
for some object. Shak.

QUESTE. A praver, or demand. {.i.-N.)

QUESTEROUN. ' Cooks, or scullions.

QUEST-HOUSE. The chief watch-house of a
parish, generally adjoining a church, where
sometimes quests concerning misdemeanours
and annoyances were held. The quest-house
is frequently mentioned in the accotmts of
St. Giles, Cri'pplegate, 1571, MS.Addit. 12222.

QUESTMEN. " Those that are yeariy chosen,
accortling to the custom of a parish, to assist
the churchwardens in the enquiry, and pre-
senting such ofltnders to the ordinary as are
punishable in the court-christian,'* Blount's
Glossographia, cd. 1681, p. 594.

QUEST.MONGER. A juryman.

Awake, awake, ye i/'c-af nw/'i'e;-*, and take heed you
give a true, just, and right verdict.

Btcm't l\'orks, p. 370.

QUESTUARY. Profitable.
QUETE. Wheat. It is the translation of
frumentum in MS. Lansd. 560, f. 45.
That jere shalbe litulle gK'efe,
And plenty shalbe of appuls grete.

MS. Cantab. Ff. T. 48, f. 75.

QUETHE. (1) Harm ; mischief. (.4..S.)

(2) To say ; to declare. {.-/.-S.)

(3) To bequeath. Lydgate.

Hous and rente and outher thyiig
Mow they quellie at here endyng.

MS. Hail. 1701, f. 42.

(4) Cry ; clamour. Gairayne.
QUETHING. Saying, crying .=

Being alive and seinge 1 peryshe, i. beinge quycke
and quethyng I am undone.

Palsgrave's Acatasttts, \',W.

QUETHUN. Whence. Robson.
QUETOURE. A scab, or sweUing.
QUEVER. Gay; Uyely. West.
QUEW. Cold.

QUEZZEN. To suffocate. East.
QUHILLES. Wiilst.

^tvlit/lles he es qwykke and iu qwerte unquellyde with
handis.

Be he never mo savede ne socourede with Cryste.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 93.

QUIB. A taunt, or mock. Coles.
QUIBIBES. Cubebs. " Q«!)i;mM)«, a quybybe,''

Nominale MS.
QUIBLI.X. An attempt to deceive.
QUICE. A wood-pigeon. Glouc.
QUICHE. To move.
QUICK. (l)AUye; living.

In thiike time men hem tok
With juggement withoutenles.
And also quic dolven hes.

.4rthour and Merlin, p. 28.
Sir, he seid, asayof this,
Thei were jisturday qwyk i-wy.sse.

MS. Cnntab. Ff, v. 48, f. 50.
f^ti/k ? ye, forsothe, qnr/k it was,
As wel 1 may tel you all the case.

The .^acrijice «/.-lbraham, p. 18.

(2) The growing plants which are reared or set
for a hedge, far. dial.

(3) Sharp ; piercing. Devon.
QUICK-DEER. Deer with young.
QUICKEN. (1) Couch grass. North.

(2) To work with yeast. Quicienhiff-dish, the
yeast or balm that is put to new diink to make
it work. North.

(3) To revive. Still in use.

(4) To conceive with child.
QUICKER. A quickset hedge. West.
QUICKLINGS. Young insects. East.
QUICKMIRE. A quagmu-e. Devon.
QUICKWOOD. Thoriis. Yorish.

QUID. (1) The cud. Var.dial. Hence, gene-
rally, to suck one's tongue.

(2) ,\ mouthful of tobacco. Var.dial.

QUIDDITY. A subtlety; a subtle quirk or
pretence. Quiddit was also used.

QUIERIE. A royal stable.

QUIET. Gentlemanly. West.

QUIETUS. Theorticial discharge of an account.
(Lat.) It is chiefly used metaphorically, and

QUI

659

QUI

it means in slang language a severe blow, in
other words a settler.

QUIFTIXG-POTS. SmaU drinking pots hold-
ing half a gill. Lane.

QUIL. The reed on which the weavers wind
their heads for the shuttle. See Robin Good-
fellow, p. 24.

QUILE. A pile, heap, large cock, or cop of hay
put together ready for carrving, and to secure
it from rain ; a heap of anything.

QIILKIX. A frog. Comic.

QUILL. (1) The stalk of a cane or reed: the
faucet of a barrel. Hence, to tap liquor.
Devon.

(2) The fold of a ruff. Also to plait linen in
small round folds. " After all your starching,
quilling, turning, seeking, pinning," Strode's
Floating Island, sig. C.

(3") In the quill, ^"ritten. Shak.

QUILLER. An unfledjed bird.

QUILLET. (1) A furrow. Xorth.

(2) A croft or grassvard. Deton.

(3) A little quibble.' Shak.

So you, only by conceit, thinke richly of the opera-
tion of your Indian pudding, having contrarie
qualities in it, a thing repugnant to philosophy, and
working miraculous matters, a quiUit above nature.
The Man itt the Moone, 16t'9,sig. C. ji.
QUILL-TURN. The machine or instrument in

which a weaver's quill is turned.
QUILLY. To harden ; to drv. Devon.
QUILT. (1) To beat. far. dial.

(2) To swallow. JJ'esf.

(3) Almost worn out. /. Wight.

(4) To be very fidgety. South.
QUILTED-CALVES. Sham calves for the legs

made of quilted cloth.

QUIN. A kind of spikenard.

QUIN'CE. The king's-evil.

For the quyiice. Take horehownde and colum-
byne, and sethe it in wyne or ale, and so therof let
hym dryncke f\Tste and laste. J/5- Rec. Med.

QUINXE-CREAM. Is thus described.

Take the quinces and put them into boiling water
unpared ; then let them boil very fast uncovered
that they may not colour ; and when they are very
tender, take them otF and peel them, and beat the
pap very small with sugar ; and then take raw cream,
and mix with it till it be of fit thickness to eat like
a cream. True Gentlewoman's Delight, 167ti, p, 5.

QUINCH. (1) To make a noise.

(2) To stir, or move. Sometimes a substantive,
a twitch, or jerk.

QUIXE. \\"hence.

Fro qipyne come yon kene mane, quod the kynge thanne.

That knawes kynge Arthure and his knyghttes also.

Slorte .-trthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 90.
Bethynke the welle qwyne thou came,
Ilkone we ere of .\dam.

R. de Bntnne, 3IS. Botces, p. 15.

QUIXET. A wedge. Ghuc.

QUIXXy. Xot quite; not just yet. Ea.'it.

QUIXOLA. A terra in the game of primero,
signifying the cliief card.

QUIXRE. Some poisonous animal.

QU INSE. To carve a plover, spelt cKiitie in the

Booke of Hunting, 1386. It occurs in Hall's
Satires, p. 82.

QUIXTAIX. " .\ game or sport in request at
marriages in some partsof this nation, specially
in Shropshire ; the manner now corruptly
thus. A quintin, buttress, or thick plank of
wood is set fast in the ground of the high-
way where the bride and bridegroom are to
pass, and poles are provided with which the
young men run a tilt on horse-back ; and he
that breaks most poles, and shewsmost activity,
wins the gariand." Blount, ed. 1681, p. 535.
The quintain was often gaily painted.
Thy wakes, thy quititeis, here thou hast.
Thy May-poles too with garlands gr^c't.

Herrick's Poenis, ii. 44.

QUIXTASEXCIA. Some preparation for con-
verting the baser metals into gold.

QUIXTER. A two-year-old sheep.

QUIXTURE. Deliverj ; cure. Heame.

QUIP. A sharp retort. " ilerrie quipps or
tauntes wittily spoken," Baret.

Tarlton meeting with a wily country wench, who
gave him 7«i/j for ?titp. Tarlion's Jests, 1611.

QUIRBOILE. A peculiar preparation of lea-
ther, by boiling it to a condition in which it
could be moulded to any shape, and then
giving it, by an artificial process, any degree
of requisite hardness.
Whyppes of quyrboj/le by-wente his white sides.

MS. Laud. 656. f. I.

Ql'IRE-BIRD. One who has lately come out
of prison, and seeks for a place.

QUIRE-CUFFIX. A churl. Deitter.

QUIRISOX. A complaint. (.-/.-jV.)

QUIRK. (I) To emit the breath forcibly after
retaining it in violent exertion. West.

(2) To grunt ; to complain. Devon.

(3) The clock of a stocking. Devon. The term
occurs in Stubbe, 1595.

(4) A pane of glass cut at the sides and top in
the form of a rhomb.

QUIRKY. Merry ; sportive. Line.
QUIRLEWIXD. ' A whiriwind. It is translated

by turbo in MS. Egerton 829, f. 14.
QUISERS. Christmas mummers. Deri.
QUISES. Cushions for the thighs, a term iu

ancient armour. Hall.
QUISEY. Confounded ; dejected, \orlh.
QUISHIX. A cushion. Pahgrare.
Swythe chaycrs thay fett,
Qtci/ssyns oi velvett-

MS. Lincoln .\. i. 17, f. 135.
QUISIBLE.

For all this to prouffyt is no more possyble
Than for to drynke in a <iinjs!jble.

Early Interlude in Bibl. Lambeth.

QUISSOXDAY". Pentecost ; Whit-Sundav.
QUISTER. A bleacher. Xominale MS. '
QUIT. (1) To remove by force.

(2) To be even, or equal with. The modern
phrase is to be quits.

(3) .\cquitted. See Quite (3).

QUITCH. To flinch. Also as qttinch, to stit
or move, to make a noise.

QUO

660

QWH

QUITE. (1) Free ; quiet. (A.-N.)
t'2) To pay off ; to requite. (J.-N.)
OS hyt ys in the story tolde,
xU'. Syr Roger downe can folde,

So qwyt he them ther raede ;
Had he bene armydy-wys,
AHe the maystry had byn hys ;
Alias ! why wantyd he hys wede ?

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 73.
Syr Roger smote thera on the hede,
That to the gyrdyllethe swerde yede,

Of hym were they qwyte :
They hewe on hyin faste as they were wode.
On eche syde then sprong the blode.
So sore on hym they dud smyie.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii.3H. f. 73.

(3) To acquit . Sometimes acquitteil.

t^utjte the weyl oute of borghegang.
That thou ne have for hyt no wrang.

MS. Harl. 1701, f. 63.
Herof they qut/ttene hyrae as treue mene,
And sith spake they farder thenne.
That yf he myghthys lemanebryng
Of whome he maide knolishyng.

M.'i. Rawliiison C. 8C.

(4) White. (A.-S.)

The ehilde, that was so nobulle anil wyse,

.Stode at his fadurs grafe at eve ;
Ther cam on in a qwt/te surplisse,
And pryvely tokehim be the slpfe.

MS. Cantab. Ff. V. 48, f. 67.
QUITE-BETTER. Entirely recovered.
(^UITECLAYM. Free from claim.

Fram henne to V'nde that cit^
tjuiteclaym thai schul go fre.

G,v w/ WaytviTte, p. 310.
QUITELICH. Freely; atUberty. (.4.-8.) It

is wrongly explained by Ellis, ii. 77.
QUITEMENT. Completely ; entirely.
QUITTER. (I) Thin uasty'matter or filth that
runs from a wound. " Qwytur or rotunnes,
/iiilredo," Nominale MS.
(2 1 Whiter ; more delicate. See the example

in V. Blaunchette.
QUIVER. Nimble; active. In use in Suffolk,
according to Moor. " Agilis, nimble, light,
lieger, quiver," Elyot, ed. 1559. Qnivery,
shaky, nervous.

They bothe swetely played ;
A sergeaunt them afrayed,
Audsayd they were full g»**rc;'.

Boke o/Mayd Enityn, p. 27.

QUIZZLE. To suffocate. Norf.

QUO. Contraction oi quoth.

QUOB. A quicksand, or bog. TTest. We have

quobmire in Salop. Antiq. p. 539.
QUOCKEN. To vomit. North.
QUOD. (1) To fish for eels with worms tied on

worsted. Hants.

(2) A prison. Var. dial.

(3) Quoth ; says. (.V.-S.)

AvauQce baner ! quod the kyng, passe forthe anone.
In the nameof theTrynytfi and oureLady bryghte,
Seynt Edward, Seynt Anne and swete seyntJohn,
And in the name of Seynt George, oure landis knyjte !
This day shew thy grett power and thy gret myjte.

And brynge thy trew subjectes owle of payn and woo.
And as thy wille is, Lorde, thysjorney be duo.

MS.Bibl. Reg. 17 D.xv.
QUODLING. This disputed term occurs in Ben
Jonson. It may be a cant term for a fool.
" The codled fool," Cap of Gray Hairs, 1688,
p. 169. It is probably derived from the apple
so called. " A quodling, pomum coctile,"
Coles' Lat. Diet.
QUOIF. A cap. Florio, p. 123.
QUOIL. A noise, or tumult.

But disturbs not his sleep,
At the quoil that they keep.

Brome's Songs, 1661, p. 78.
QUOK. Quaked for fear.

This scharpe swerde to hire he tok.
Whereof that alle hire body quok.

Cower, MS. Sac. Antiq. 134, f. 86.
And whan he did with hiahonde embrace
His yerde ayen fulledebonaireof loke.
For innocence of humble drede he quake.

Lydgate, MS. Ashmote 39, f. 16.

QUOME. A man. R. de Brunne, MS.
QUONDAM. A person formerly in office. Still

in use as an adjective. (Lat.)
QUONIAN. A drinking-cup.
QUONS. A hand-mill for grinding mustard-
seed. East. Forby seems to consider it a
mere corruption of quern, q. v.
QUOP. To throb. JJ'est.

But zealous sir, what say to a touch at praier .'
How quops the spirit ? In what garb or ayre.

F/etclier's Poenu. p. 203.

QUORLE. A revolving spindle.

Q'corle in tho qwew go lyghtly,
Qwene 1 was a jong man sodyd I.
Gira in algore leniter,
Quum fui juvenis ita feci.

Reliq, Antiq. ii. 40.

QUOST. A coast. See Eliotes Dictionarie, fol.

Lond. 1559, in v. Jacto.
QUOT. Quiet. Oxun.
QUOTE. To notice ; to mite down. This

sense is used by Shakespeare, Jonson, (S:c.
QUOYNTE. Cunning. (A.-'S.)

Sende me hidere, 5if that ich raijhte
.\ni qnoynte carpenter finde.

MS. Laud. 108, f. 161.
QUY. A calf, or young cow. " Juvenca, a

qwye; vitula, a qwye calffe," Nominale MS.
QUYCE. The furze. Pr. Pan:
QWESEYNS. Cushions.

Deliveryd on Monday next after blak Monday, a

bote with a payr of orys, a russet mantyll, 3 payr of

qweseyns, a tapet of red say, unlynyd. with a bar hed.

ins. Bodl. e Mils. 229.

QWHICHE. WMch.

And so kynge Edward was possessed of alle Eng-

londe, excepte a castelle in Northe Wales called

Harliike, whiche Sere Richard Tunstall kepte, the

qwhiehe wasgotene af terwarde by the Lord Harberde.

VVarkworth's Cfironicle, p. 3

RAG

661

RAG

RA. A roe-deer. (A.-S.) It occurs in
Chaucer, Cant. T. 4084.
RAAF. Ralph. Pr. Pan.
RAAS. To tear away. Sec/?ace(l).

And raas it fromc his riche mene aiul ryste it in
sondyre. Murtu Arcfiure, MS. Liticolit, f. 57.

RAASTY. Restive. Easf.
R.\ATH. In good condition. North.
R.\I5. (I) A kind of loam ; a coarse hard sub-
stance for mending roads. C'ornw.
(2) A wooden heater to bruise and incorporate

the ingredients of mortar.
R.\B.\TE. Said of a hawk that recovers the

list after the hand has been lowered.
RABBATE. To abate. Pakgrme.
RABBEN. Turnips. {A.-N.)
RABBETING. When two boards c\it on the
edges with a rabbet plane are lapped with the
edges one over another, this lapping over is
ciUeA rabbeting. Kennett, ilS. The groove
in the stone-work of a window to admit the
glass was also so called.

In edch of tliese rulers must be two hollow cha-
iieis, i-abbi'th, or transumes, as carpenters call them ;
they must be under liollowed dovetaile wise, so that
the two hollowed sides beeing turned together,
there may be a conca\ ity or hollownesse of a quarter
of an inch square, representing this figure.

Hopliitt'.^ BacuUtm Geoiteticum, l(il4.
R.\BBISH. Foolhardy; grasping; given to

extortion, theft, or rapine.
RABBIT-SUCKER. A sucking rabbit.
RABBLE. (1) A kind of rake.
(2) To speak confusedly. Norl/i.

Let thy tun^e serve thyn hett in sliylie,
And ruble not wordes recheles owl of reson.

MS. Omtab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 24.
RABBLEMENT. (1) A crowd, or mob.

(2) Idle silly talk. North.

(3) Refuse ; dre?s. Somerset.
RABBLE-ROTE. A repetition of a long rig-
marole roundabout story. Jl'est.

RABBLING. Winding ; VambUng. Nort/i.
RABIN. A raven. Isominale MS.
RABINE. Rapine ; plunder.
RABIT. .\ wooden drinking-can.

Strong beer in rabi's and cheating penny cans,
Three pipes for two-pence and such like trepans.
i*m(.s-<? 0/ Yorkshire Ale, 1697, p- 1.
RABITE. A war-horse.

Then came the dewke Segwyne ryght.
Armed on a rabelt wyght.

MS.Cantab. Ff. ii. 3a, t". 161.
Syr Gye bestrode a rabyghte.
That was moche and lyghle.

MS. Canlab. Ff. ii. .Tji, f. 124.
RABONE. A radish.
RABSHAKLE. .-Vn idle profligate.
R.\BL'KE. A she-goat ? It is the translation

of citjira in Nominale MS.
RACE. (1) To pull away; to erase.

Swownyng yn hur chautnbur shefelle.
Hut heereof can sche race.

MS. Canlab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 94.

(2) The meeting of two tides, often over an

uneven bottom running together, producing a

great and sometimes dangerous sea. The Jt<ice

of Aldemey, Portland Hace, &c.

(3) A string. Devon.

(4) The liver and lungs of a calf.

(5) A succession ; a great number.

(6) Rennet for cheese. North.

(7) The pecidiar flavour or taste of anj-thing
the original disposition.

(8) A small stream. Yorish.

(9) A thrust with a dagger.

(10) To rake up old talcs. South.

(11) To prick, mark, or note.

(12) A course in building.
RACEN. A pothanger. Yortih.
RACERS. A variety of tares. I'tir. dial.
RACII. Rushes for thatching.

RACHE. (1) To stretchout; to catch. Puts-
grave. From the first meaning comes rac/c lu
Much Ado about Nothing, iv. 1.
(2) A scenting hound. {.4.-8.)

Denede dale and dotvne, for dryft of the deer in

drede,
For mechemurthe of mouth them uric moeth made ;
I ros, and romed- , and sey roun rat-fies to Jede,
They stalke under schawe, schatereden in schade.

Rehq. Anti'i. ii. 7.
For we wylle honte at the herte the hethes abowte.
With racehes amonge hem in the rowe bankcs.

MS. Cott. Culig. .\. ii. f. 1 1«.
Thre grehoundeshe leddeon bond*
And thre rac/tes in on bond.

Anhour and Merlin, p. 172.
She was as feyre and as pode,

.-\nd as riche on hit palfray ;
Hir greyhoundis fillid with the dere blode,
Hir ratliis coupuld, be my fay.

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 48. f. 119.
RACINE. A root. (..^.-.V.)
R.\CK. (1) Light, thin, vapoury clouds ; the
clouds generally. Still in use in the North-
ern counties, and sometimes there appUed to
a mist. See the Archieologia, .vxii. 373. "As
the sunne shines through the rack," Du
Bartas, p. G16. In some instances it appears
to imply tlie motion of tlie clouds, and is so
explained by Chapman in his translation of
Homer. A disputed passage in which this
word occurs, in the Tempest, iv, 1, "leave
not a rack behind," merits special considera-
tion. Our choice lays between considering it
to mean a ningle fleeting ctoud, or as a form of
icrack or wreck. Mr. Hunter has expressed
his belief that rack in the lirst sense is never
used with the indefinite article, and unless the
passage now given from Lydgate tends to
lighten the objection, it seems to me to be
absolutely fatal to the adopted reading. On
the other hand, we have rack'm the oldfoUos
of Beaumont and Fletcher, where the sense
requires wreck. See Mr. Dyce's edition,
vii. 137. On the whole, then, unless rack
can elsewhere be found with the indefinite
article, it appears safer to adopt wreck, which
certainly agrees better with the context.
Upton, Critical Observations, ed. 1748, p. 213,
supposes it to mean a track or path, in which
sense it is still used in the North. See our
si.'cond meaning, and Brockett, who adopts
Upton's explanation of the Shakespearian

RAC

662

RAD

passage ; but there is no good authority for
anything of the liind, although BroAett is as
decisive as if he had possessed the reading
and knowledge of Gifford.
As Phebus doeth at mydday in the southe,
Whan every rak and every cloudy sky
Is voideclene, so hir face uncouth
Shall shewe in open and fuHy be unwry.

Lydgate, MS. AshmoleSS, f. 51.
Treule jif 56 wil haloue this holeday.
The rakkis of heven I wil opyn.

MS. Douce 302, f. 16.
Now we may calculate by the welkins mcke,
^olus hath chaste the clouds that were so blacke.

Heywofid's ]Uarria<;e TritimpUf, Hil3.

(2) A rude narrow path like the track of a small
animal. JJ'esf. Brockett explains it, a track,
a trace.

(3) To pour off liquor; to subject it to a fer-
mentive process.

(4) To %1'ork by rack of eye, to be guided in
working by the eye. In a high rack, in a
high position.

(3) To care; to heed. Korth.

(6) A rut in a road. East.

(7) The neck of mutton, or pork. Kennett,
MS. Lansd. 1033.

(8) That part of a cross-bow in which the gafHe
moved.

(9) A liquor made chiefly of brandy, sugar,
lemons, and -spices.

(10) A trout. Northmnb.

(11) Weeds ; refuse. Suffolk.
(12;i Rack and ruin, destruction.

(13) That pace of a horse which is between a

trot and an amble.
(14)

Some thinke the putride backc-bone in the grave

racked.
Or marrow chang'd, the shape of snakes to take.

TopseU's Historie of Serpents, p . 6.

(15) To exaggerate. See Rache (1).

(16) The cob-iron of a grate.

(17) To relate or tell anything.
RACK-AND-^IANGER.' A man's rack and

manger was liis housekeeping. To be at rack
and manger, to live at reckless expense.
When Vertue was a country maide,
And had no skill to set up trade.
She came up with a carriers jade.

And lay at raphe and manger.
She whift her pipe, she drunke her can.
The pot was nere out of her span ;
She married a tobacco man,
A .stranger, a stranger.

Li/eo/R«bm CoudfeUow, 1028.
RACK.-VPELT. An idle rascal. Line.
RACKET. (1) A hard blow. East. Perhaps
from the instrument with which the ball was
struck at tennis.

(2) A kind of net.

(3) .K struggle. North.
R.\CK-HURKY. The track or railway on which

waggons run in unloading coals at a hurry;

that is, at a staith or wharf.
U.\CKING. Torture. Still in common use as

an adjective, agonizing.
RACKING-CROOK A pot-look. Northumb.

RACKLE. (1) Noisy talk. West. Also to rattle,

of which it may be a form.
(2) Rude ; unruly. Korth. It is an archaism
meaning rash.

And than to wyving be thou nat raele.
Beware of hast thouhe she behest to please.

Lydgate's Minur Poems, p. 30.

RACKLE-DEED. Loose conduct Cumb.
R.ACKLING. A very small pig. Suffolk.
RACKRIDER. A small trout. North.
RACKS. (1) The sides of a waggon. Tnis word

occurs in lloUyband's Dietionarie, 1593.
(2) Range ; kitchen fire-place. Essex.
RACK-STAFF. A kind of pole or staff used

for adjusting the mill-stoues.
RACK-UP. To supply horses with their food

for the night. South.
RACK-VINTAGE. A voyage made by mer-
chants into France for racked wines procured
what was called the rack-vintage.
RACK-Y.\RD. The farmyard, where beasts

are kept : from the racks used there.
RAD. ( 1 ) Afraid. Apol. LoU. p. 2 7.
Thow wold holdeme drade.
And for the erle fulle rade.

MS. Lincoln A.i. 17, f. 132.
(2) Advised ; explained. (.-/.-S.)

In thecastellehad schehyt hyght.
To defende hur with allehur myghte,
So as her counsayle radd.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 80.
Now with the messanger was no badde.
He took his hors as the bysschop radde.

Reliq. .4ntiq. li. 101.

RADCOLE. A radish.
RADDLE. (1) To weave. North.

(2) The side of a cai-t.

(3) To do anything to excess. Line.

(4) A hurdle. South. Kennett has raddles,
small wood or sticks split like laths to bind a
wall for the plastering it over with loam or
mortar. " In old time," says Harrison, p. 187,
" the houses of the Britons were slightlie set
up with a few posts and many radels, with
stable and all offices under one roofe." In
Sussex the term is applied to long pieces of
supple underwood twisted between upright
stakes to form a fence, or to slight strips of
wood which are employed in thatching barns
or outhouses. Also called raddlings.

(5) To banter. North.

RADDLINGS. (1) Windings of a wall. North.
(2) Bribery money at elections. West.
RADE. An animal's maw Line.
RADEGUNDE. A disease, apparently a sort of

boil. Piers Ploughman, p. 430.
RADELICllE. Readily ; speedily. (.4.-8.)
In slepyng that blessud virgyn apperede hym to,
.^nd badde hym arys radeliche and blyve.

Chron. Vilodun. p. 126.
RADES. The rails of a waggon.
RADEVORE. Tapestry.
RADIK. A radish. It occurs in an early col-

lection of receipts in MS. Lincoln f. 290, and

is the A.-S. form.
RADLY. Quickly; speedily. (.i.-S.)

RAF

663

RAG

Up then rose this prowd schereff.

And radty made hym jare ;
Many was the modur son

To the kyrk with hym can fare.

MS. Cantab. Vt. v. 48, f. 127.
Thomas radly up he rase,

.Vnd ran over that mouuteyne hye,
Andcertanly, as the story sayes.
He hir mette at eldryne Ire.

MS. Canlab. Ff. v. 48, f. IIC.
R.VDNESSE. Fear. %e.e Had (\).

He said, 1 make myneavowe verreilty to Cryste,
And to the haly vernacle, that voide schalle I nevere.
For radnesse of ndi Romayne that regnesin erthe.

Morte .-Irthure, MS. Lincoin, t. 56.

RAERS. The rails of a cart. Nort/i.
R.\FE. (1) Tore. [.-/.-S.)

Hir clothes ther sclio ra/e hir fro,
And to the wodd gane scho go.

Perceval, 21.')7.
(2) Weak ; silly ; foolish. Suffo!A.
RAFF. (1) Scum; refuse. Formerly applied to
persons of low condition. Now riff-raff.
And maken of the rym and jaf
Suche gylours for pompe and pride.

Appendix to ly, M'.pes, p. 340.

(2) A raft of timber. North.

(3) Abundance ; affluence. North. In old
English, a confused heap.

(4) Spoil ; plunder. Kent.

Ilk a raanne agayne his giid he gaffe.
That he had tane with ryfe and i.j/?^.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f. 148.
(5; In raff, speedily. (yl.-S.)
1 6) Idle ; dissolute. North.
RAFFERTORY. Masterful, line.
RAFFLE. (1) To stir the blazing faggots, &c. in
an oveu. The wooden instrument with which
this is done is called tlie rafflen pole. Brush-
ing otf ripe walnuts is also called rafflen \nn.

(2) To Uve disorderly. North. Hence raffle-
cojipin, a wild fellow.

(3) A kind of tishing-uet.

(4) To move, or fidget about. Line.

RAFFS. ( 1 ) The students of 0.\ford are so caUed

by the town's people.
(2) Long coarse straws. Northumb.
RAFFYOLVS. A dish in ancient cookery de-
scribed in Warner's Ant. Cul. p. 05.
RAFLES. Plays with dice. {A.-N.)
RAFORT. A radish.
RAFT. (1) To irritate. Dorset.
(2) A damp fusty smell. East.
RAFTE. Seized, or taken away. {A.-S.)
Rafte awey forsothe is he ;
How, thei seide, may this be ?

Cursor Mundi, MS. Coll, Trin. Ca.Uali. f. 108.
My chyide ys thus ra/te me froo.

Ms. Canlab. Ff. ii. 3a, f. 08.
Be God, quod .\dain, here is a ston.
It shalle be his bane an«in !
Thus sone his life was rafCe,

MS. Cantab. Ff. v. 4e,f. 51.
RAFTER-RIDGING. A particular kind of
ploughing used in Hampsliirc, so called from
each ridge being separated by a furro\\ . Balk-
ploughing. Hants.
RAFTY. (1) Rancid ; fusty. Var. dial.
(2) Wet ; foggy cold. Suffolk.

(3) Violent in temper. South.

RAG. (1) To scold, or abuse. I'ar. dial.

(2) A kind of basalt. IJa?-w.

(3) The catkins of the hazel. Yorksh.

(4) A mist, or drizzling rain. North.

(5) A shabby looking fellow. " Tag and rag,"
the riff-raff, Harrison, p 215.

(6) A farthing. A cant term.

(7) A herd of young colts.
RAGABRASII. Low idle people. Cuml/. Nares

has raggabash in the singular.
RAGAMUFFIN. A person in rags. Perhaps

derived from ragomojin, the name of a demon

in some of the old mysteries.
RAGE. (1) iMadncss; rashness. (A..N.)

(2) To romp, or play wantonly. (.^.-A'.)

When sche seyth galantys revell yn hall,
Vn here hert she thynkys owtrage,
Desyryn^e with them to pley and ra^e,
.^nd steiyth fro yow full prevely.

Reliq. .inliq. i. ill

(3) X broken pan. Somerset.

RAGEOUS. Violent ; furious. North. It oc-
curs in Gascoigne.

RAGERIE. W,antonness. (.V.-V.)

RAGGALY. Villanous. Yorks/i.

RAGGED. (1) A term applied to fruit trees,
wheu they have a good crop. Thus they say,
" How full of fruit that tree is ! it's as ragged
as it can hing." In some parts of Y'orkshire
the catkins of the hazel ai'e called rag, and
perhaps this word has some connexion there-
with. Line.

(2) Hawks were called ragged when their fea-
thers were broken. Gent. Rec.

RAGGED-ROBINS. The keepers' foUowers in
the New Forest.

RAGGULED. Sawed off. Deron.

RAGHTE. Reached. {A.-S.)

The kyng of Egypt hath take a schafte.
The chyide satt and nere hym raghte.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f.,7«,

R.\GINGUES. Ragings ; rompings.

Leijingue and pleijes and rai^in^ncs,

He bikfte also. MS. Laud. 108, f. 111.

RAGLER. An officer in South Wales who col-
lected fines, &c.

RAG .MAN. (1) The charter by which the Scots
acknowletlged their dependence on the Eng-
lish crown under Edward I. was popularly
called a ragman i-oll ; and hence the term,
with or without the last word, came to be ap-
plied to several kinds of written rolls ami
documents, especially if of any length. Thus
a papal bull with many seals is termed a rage-
man in Piers Ploughman, p. 5 ; and the list of
names in Fame's book is called ragman roll in
Skelton, i. 420. See also Plumpton Corr. p.
168. In a letter of Henry IV. dated 1399.
printed in Ryiuer, mention is made of
titeras patenles vocata raggemans sive blank
cliartres. In Piers Ploughman, p. 4(jl. it
seems to mean a person who maile a list or
ragman.

Uedeon this ra^mnn, and rewie yow theraftur.

MS. Cantab. VS. v. 48. f. ?•

RAI

664

RAI

Mayster parson, I marvayll ye wyll j^'e 'T^nce |
To this false knave in this audience
To publish his rflgma'i/-o/i«'5 with lyes.

T/te Piirdoner awi the Fyei-e, 1533.
(2) An ancient game at which persons drew by ■
chance poetical clescriptionsof their characters, t
the amusement consisting, as at modern games ,
of a similar kind, in the pecuhar application or
misapplication of the verses so selected at
hazard by the drawers. This meaning of the
term was first develojied by Mr. Wright in his
Anecdota Literaria, 8vo. 1844, where he has
printed two collections of ancient verses used
in the game of ragman. Mr. Wright conjee- ;
tures that the stanzas were written one after
another ou a roll of parchment, that to each |
stanza a string was attached at the side, with
a seal or piece of metal or wood at the end,
and that, when used, the parchment was
rolled up with all the strings and their seals
hanging together, so that the drawer had no
reason for choosing one more than another,
but drew one of the strings by mere chance,
on which the roll was opened to see on what
stanza he had fallen : if such were the form
of the game, we can very easily imagine why
the name was applied to a charter with an
unusual number of seals attached to it, which
when rolled up would present exactly the same
appearance. Mr. Wright is borne out in his
opinion by an Enghsh poem termed Ragmane
roelle, printed from MS. Fairfax 16 :
My latlyes and my maistrcssesechone,
Lyke hit unto your hurabyble woinmanhede,
Resave in gr6 of mysympijl persone
This roUe, which withoutcn any drede
Kynge Ragman me bad ir.e sowe in brede.
And cristyned yt themerour of your chaunce;
Drawith a strynge, and tliat shal ^treight yow leyde
Unto the verry path of your governaunce.
That the verses were generally written in a roll
may perhaps be gathered from a passage in
Douglas's Virgil, —
With that he raucht mc ane roll : to rede I begane.
The royetestane ragment with mooy ratt rime.
Where the explanation given by Jamieson seems
to be quite erroneous.

Venus, whiche stant withoute lawe,
lu non certeyne, but as men drawe
Of Rofremon upon the chaunce,
Sche Ie>eth nopeys in the balaunce

Gower, MS. Sr,,; Antiq. 134, f. 244.

(3^ The term rageman is applied to the devil in

Piers Ploughman, p. 335.
KAGOLNCE. The jacinth stone.
UAG- PIECE. A large net.
RAG-RIME. Hoar frost. Line.
RAGROWTERIXG. Plaving at romps. Rrm.
RAGS-AND-J AGS. Tatters ; fragments ; rags.
RAG-TOBACCO. The tobacco leaf cut into

small shreds. North.
RAGWEED. The herb ragwort.
RAGYD. Ragged.

Som were ra^ii and long tayled,
Scharpeclawyd and long nayled.

MS.Jslmole 61, f. 65.
RAID. (I)Eariy. Kent. Vmm rathe.

(2) A hostile incursion. North.

(3) Dressed ; arrayed ; furnished.
RAIKE. To go, rush, or proceed.

And thane he raykes to the rowte, and ruysches on*

lielmys;
Riche hawberkes he rente, and rasede schyldes.

Morte .-Irthure, 3IS. LUicoln, f. 85.
R.\IL. (I) To stray abroad. Perhaps from the
older word reite, to roll.

(2) .\ revel, a countrj- wake. West.

(3) A garment of tine linen formerly worn by
women round the neck. " Rayle for a wo-
mans necke, crevechief, en qiiarttre doubles"
Palsgrave. *' .\nythingworne about thethroate
or necke, as a neck-kercher, a partlet, a raile,"
Florio, p. 216. The night-rail seems to have
been of a different kind, and to have partially
covered the head ; it was a gathered Unen
cloth.

And then a good grey frocke,
A kercheffe and a raile.

Friur BacotiS Ptopfteiie, lfi04.

(4) To talk over anythiug. Devon.

(5) To teaze, or provoke a person to anger.
Noi-folk.

RAILED. (1) Set; placed. See Minot, p. 16.
Raylide, MS. Morte Arthm-e, f. 87.

(2) Covered with net-work.

R.4lME. To rule oppressively.

KAIN. A ridge. North.

RAIN-BIRD. " The woodpecker. North.
" Reyne, fowle h\\(ie.gaulus,pieus^ meropes"
Prompt. Parv.

R.\INES. Reunes, in Bretagne, much esteemed
for its manufacture of fine cloth.

RAIN"V-DAY. A day of misfortune.

RAISE. (1) A cairn of stones. North. Anciently,
any raised mound, or eminence.

In the parishes of Edenhall and Lazonby, in Cum-
berland, there are yet some considerable remains of
stones which still go by the name of raises, though
m.-my of them have been carried away, and all of
them thrown out of their ancient form and order.

Hutchinson's History of Cumberland,

(2) To expectorate badly. Suffolk.

(3) To make additional loops in a stocking in
order to fit it to the leg.

(4) Arobberv. North.
RAISE-MOUNTAIN. A braggadocio.
R.ilSER. In carpentry, is the front board that

stands upon the edge to support the board,
flat board, or step ; in the game of cricket, the
name of a small stick that is put aslant into
the hole with a ball upon it, which being
struck upon the end, causes a ball to fly or
jump up, in order to be struck with a stick,
ready in the hand of him that did the former
act. Byclie.

RAISINS. Pieces that lie under the end of a
beam in a wall. Harrison, p. 187.

RAIT. To dissipate the sap of vegetables, by
exposing them abroad to the weather. Hay
is said to be raited when it has been much
exposed to an alternancy of wet and dry
weather. Yorksh.

RAITCH. A line or list of white down the face
of a horse. Yorksh.

RAL

665

RA]\I

RAITH. Weeds, stick, straw, or other rubbisli,

in a pool of water. U'est.
RAKE. (1) To rouse up. Svynerset.

(2) To cover anything in the fire with asl>es.
This explanation is given by Palsgrave, 1530.
It is used metaphorically by Shakespeare. To
rake is still in use, meaning to cover up a fire
to keep it alive.

(3) A term appUed to a hawk when she flew wide
of the game.

(-1) To walk or move about. North. Forby
says, to gad or ramble idly.

Now pass we to the bold beggar,
That rakei o'er the hiU.

Robin Hood, i. 105.

(5) To Start up suddenly. West.

(6) To reach. Sir Tristrem, p. 292.

( 7 ) To repeat a tale. Durham.

(8) The inclination of the mast of a vessel from
the perpendicular.

(9) The sea rake.^ when it breaks on the shore
with a long grating soimd.

(10) .\ rut, crack, or crerice. North.

(11) A mine, or quarry-.

(12) Course ; road. Gaivayne.
R.A.KEHELL. A wild dissolute fellow.

With a handful! of raTieltelhs which he had scum-
med together in this our shire, whilestthe king was
in his returue from Tewxburj-.

Jjambarde*s Perambulation, 15!)6, p. 478.

RAKEL Hasty ; rash. Chaucer.
The sowden sayd it is not soo ;

For your prestes, that suld tech vertus trace.
They ryn rakyU out of gud race,

GySeylleensampilleand lyese in synne.

MS. Bodl. e Mut. 160.
RAKENE. To reckon.
RAKENTEIS. A horse's manger.
Whan that hors herde nevene
His kende lordes stevene,
His raketiteis he al te-rof.
And wente into the kourt wel kof.

Beves of Hamtoun, p. 84.
RAKER. A person who raked and removed the
filth from the streets, generally termed Jack
Raker.

So on a time, when the cart came, he asked the
raker why he did his businesse so slacklye : Sir, said
he, my fore horse was in the fault, who, being let
bloud and drencht yesterday, I durst not labour him.
Tarlton's Jests, 1611.
RAKES-AND-ROANS. A boy's game, in which
the younger ones are chased by the larger
boys, and when caught, carried home pick-a-
back.
RAKE-STELE. The handle of a rake.
RAKET. To racket, or rove about. To play

raket, to be inconstant.
RAKE-TEETH. Teeth wide apart, similar to

those of a rake. North.
RAKETYNE. A chain. Heartte.
R4.KING. Violent. Ortus Vocab.
RAKKE. A manger.

Of all that ylke vij. yere.
At the rakke he stode tyed.

MS. Cantab. Ff ii. 38, f. 107.
RAKS-JAKES. Wild pranks.
RALLY. (1) A projecting ledge in a wall built

thicker below than above, serving the purpose

of a shelf.
(2) .\ coarse sieve. East.
IS) A crowd, or multitude. Devon.
R.iLPlI. The name of a spirit supposed to

haunt printing-houses. See Dr. Franklin's

Works, 1819, p. 56.
RALPII-SPOONER. A fool. South.
RAM. (1) .\crid ; fetid. North.
(2) To lose anything by flinging it out of reach.

Somerset.
RAMAGE. WUd. (^.-.V.) The term was

very often applied to an untaught hawk.

Vet if she were so tickle, as ye would take no

stand, so ranwge as she would be reclaimed with no

Ifave. Greene's Gu-ydonias, 1593.

R.iM-.VLLEY. A passage leading fi-om Fleet-
street to the Temple, famous for cooks, vic-
tuallers, sharpers, and whores. It is con-
stantly mentioned in old plays.
RA.MAST. Gathered together.' {Fr.)

And when they have raiiiast many of several

kindes and tastes, according to the appetite of those

they treat, they open one vessel, and then another.

.J Comical Hiilory of the World in the Moon, 1659.

RAMBERGE. A kind of ship. {Fr.)
RAMBLE. To reel, or stagger. West.
RAMBUZE. "A compound drink at Cambridge,
and is commonly made of eggs, ale, nine, and
sugar ; but in summer, of milk, wine, sugar,
and rose-water," Blount's Gloss, p. 538.
RAMBY. Prancing?

I sallebeatjoumee with gentille knyghtes
On a ra«i6ystede fulle jolyly graythide.

Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 57.

RAMCAGED. Withered, said of trees.
R.AME. (1) To cry aloud; to soli; to ask for

anything repeatedly. North. Ravme, to cry

out against, Erie of Tolous, 431.

(2) To reach, or stretch after. " To rame, pan-
diculor," Coles' Diet.

(3) To rove, or ramble. Yorksh.
(■4) To pull up. North.

(5) To rob, or plunder. Lbic.

RAMEL. Rubbish, especially bricklayer's rub-
bish, or stony fragments. Also a verb. "To
rammell or moulder in pieces, as sometimes
mud walles or great masses of stones will doe
of themselves," Florio, p. 195. The prior of
St. Mail's of Coventry, in 1480, complained
sadly of " the pepull of the said cite carrying
their donge, ramel, and swepinge of their
houses" to some place objectionable to him.

RAMELL-WOOD. Natural copse-wood.

There growyth many alters and other ramell-wood,
which servethe tnuche for the buyldinge of suche
small houses. MS. Cotton. Calig. B. vili.

RAMES. The dried stalks of beans, peas,
potatoes, &c. Devon. Also, the relics of a
branch after the leaves are off.

RAM-HEADED. Madeacuckold.

RAMJOLLOCK. To shutHe the cards.

R.\M.\1.\KING. Behaving riotously and wan-
tonly ; tearing about, as they say,'hke a ram^
Line.

RAMMED. Excessive. Kent.

RAMiMEL-CHEESE. Raw meal. /. Wight.

42*

RAM

666

RAN

RAMMILY. Tall; rank. Var. dial.
RAMMISH. (1) Rank; pungMt. North.
(2) Violent ; untamed ; ramage.

It is good (saltli liee) to apply to sinnewes that
are dissected, the powder of earth-wormes mixed
and wrought up with old rammish, and unsavery
barrowes grease, to be put into the griefe.

Topsi^ll's Histoiie of Serpents, p. 311.
RAMP. (1) To be rampant.

(2) To ramp up, to exalt. This is the meaning
in Ben Jonson, ii. 518. The illustration
quoted by Giflbrd is irrelevant, and is used in
Forby's sense, to grow rapidly and luxuriantly.

(3) To ramp and reave, to get anything by fair
means or foul.

(4) An ascent in the coping of a wall.

(5) Bending a piece of iron upwards to adapt it
to wood-work, of agate, &c.iscalledrampingit.

(6) A higliwayman, or robber.
RAMPADGEON. A furious, boisterous, or

quarrelsome fellow. North.

RAMPAGE. To be riotous ; to scour up and
down. Rampaging and rampageous, as ad-
jectives, are riotous, ill-disposed.

RAMPALLION. A term of reproach, corre-
sponding to our rapscallion.

RAMPANTUS. Overbearing. Line.

RAMPE. (1) To climb. {A.-N.)

(2) A coarse woman, a severe term of reproach.
Hall, describing Joan of Arc, says she was " a
rampe of suche boldnesse, that she would
course horses and ride theim to water, and
do thynges that other yong maidens bothe
abhoTTed and wer ashamed to do." Hall,
Henry CL f. 25.

(3) To rush. {A.-S.)

He rawmpt/de so ruydly that alle the erthe ryfez.

HL>rCe .4rthttre, MS. Lincoln, f. 61.

RAMPER. i. e. Rampire, generally .tpplied to

any turnpike road ; more particularly however

to "such highways as are on the site of the old

Roman roads, i/nc.
RAMPICK. According to 'W'ilbraham, a rnm-

picked tree is a stag-headed tree, i. e. like an

old overgrown oak, having the stumps of

boughs stanthng out of its top.

Thus doth he keepe them still in awfull feare.
And yet allowes them liberty iliough :

So deare to him their welfare doth appeare,
That when their fleeces gin to waxen rough,
He combs and trims them with a rampicke bough.

Washing them in the streames of silver Ladon,

To cleanse their skinues from all corruption.

The .tffeetionate Shepheard, 1594.
RAMPIRE. A rampart.
RAMPISll. Rampant. Palsgrave.
RAMPSE. To climb. Somerset. Hence ramp-

sing, tall, high.
RAMRACKETING. A country rout, where

there are many noisy amusements. Devon.
RAM-RAISE. A running a little backward in

order to take a good leap. North.
RAMS. Wild garlic. I'ar. dial.
RAMS-CLAWS. Crowfoot. Somerset. Uaius-

foot is the water crov\foot.
RAMSHACKLE. (1) Loose; out of repair;

ungainly ; disjointed. Var. dial.

(2) To search or ransack. North.
RAM'S-HORN. A winding-net supported b)
stakes, to inclose fish that come in with the
tide. Somerset.
RAMSONS. A species of garhc.

Ramsons tast like garlick : they grow much in
Cranbourn-chase: a proverb,
Eate leekes in Lide, and rnmsins in May,
And all the yeare after physicians may play.

Aubrey's IVilts, MS. Rot/al Sue. p. 124.

RAM-STAG. A geWed ram. South.
RAMSTAM. Thoughtless. North.
RAN. (1) Force ; violence. North.

(2) The hank of a string. IVest.

(3) A saying. Se\7n Sages, 2723.

(4) Open robbery and rapine.

RANCE. A kind of fine stone. It is mentioned
in Archaeologia, x. 423.

With ivnrie pillars mixt with jett and ranee.
Rarer and richer then th'old Carian's was.

fVorfiB iif Du Bartas, p. 245.

RANCH. A deep scratch. East. " A ranche
or clinch with a lieasts paw," Cotgrave in v.
Griffade.

RANCHET. A kind of bread.

RANCON. A weapon like a bill.

RAND. (1) A long and fleshy piece of beef
cut from the part between the flank and but-
tock. *' Rande of befe, giste de beuf,''*
Palsgrave.

(2) A hauk of line or twine ; a strip of leather.
East.

(3) Rushes on the borders and edges of land near
a river. Norf. In old English, the margin
or border of anything.

(4) To canvass for votes. West.
R,\NDALL. Random. Coles.

RANDAN. (1) The produce of a second sifting

of meal. East.
(2) A noise, or uproar. Glouc.
RANDEM-TANDEM. A tandem with three
horses, sometimes driven by University men,
and so called at Oxford.
RANDIES. Itinerant beggars, and ballad-
singers. Yorksh.
RANDING. Piecemeal. Berks.
RANDLE. To punish a schoolboy for an in-
delicate but harmless oftence.
RANDLE-BALK. In Yorkshire, the cross piece
of wood in a chimney, upon wliich the pot-
hooks are hung, is called the randle-balk or
rendle-balk. Kennett's MS. Glossary.
RANDOM. A straight hue. North. '
R.'VNDONE. A long speech. " Randone or

long renge of wnirds, haringa,^* Pr. Parv.
RANDOUM. Force ; rapidity. {.4..N.)
Herod to him with gret randottm.
And with Morgelai isfauchoun
The prince a felde in the feld,

Beees af Hamtoun, p. \?0.
They saylyd ovyr the ( ?) randown.
And londed at Sowth-hampton.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. IL^S.
Then rode he este with grete ranrfoti'ne.
And thoght to berc hym adowne.

MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 247.

RAN

667

RAP

RANDY. (1) Boisterous; noisy; obstreperous;

also, maris appetens. North,
(2) A spree; they say, " Such a one is on tlic
raiidy,''* meaning thereby, that he is spending
his time in a continued round of drunkenness
and debauchen'.
RANDY-BEGGAR. A tinker. Xorth.
R.\NDY'-DANDY. A violent and vulgar quan el-
some woman. North,
RANDVROW. A tUsturbance. West.
RANE. Coarse, as hnen, &c. West,
RANES. The carcase or skeleton of a fowl or

bird. Devon.
RANG. Rebellious. (^.-5.)

And yif that ani were so rang,
That he thanne ne come anon.
He swor bi Crist and stint Johan,
That he sholde maken liim thral,
And al his ofspring forth withal.

Hrifrfoi, 2561.

RANGE. (1) A sieve. Somerset. Elyot has,

" Sisacthea, a rangevTig sieve;" and Huloet,

" bult, raunge, or syeve meale." The second

best wheaten bread was called range-bread.

(2) To cleanse by washing. North.

(3) The shaft of a coach. Devon.

(4) To take a range in firing.

Their shot replies, but they were rank'iHoa high
To touch the pinnace, which bears up so nigh
And plays so hot, that her opponents think
Some devil is grand captain of the Pink.

legend of CapUiin Jones, 1659.

RANGER. A chimney rack. North.

RANGLE. (1) To range about in an irregidar
and sinuous manner. JVest.

(2) Is when a hawk has gravel given her to bring
her to a stomach. Blome, ii. 63.

RANISH. Ravenous. Dei'07i.

RANK. (1) In a passion. Chesh.

(2) Thick; fidl ; abundant. Rankuess, abun-
dance, fertility.

(3) A row of beans, &c. /. Wight.

(4) Very ; excessive. Far. dial.

(5) Strong. See Isumbras, 200.

He ryfez the rattnke stele, he ryghttez theire brenez,
And reste theme the ryche mane, and rade to his
strenghes. Morte Arthure, MS. Lincoln, f. 69.

(6) Wrong. Lane.
RANK-RIPE. Quite ripe. Chesh,
RANNACK. A worthless fellow. Rannigal\%

also used. North,
R.A.NNEL. (1) A whore. A cant term.
(2) To ruffle the hair. Yorksh,
R.ANNILY. Fluently ; readily ; without hesi-
tation. Norfolk,
RANNY. A shrew-mouse. Suffolk. Browne

has the term in his ' Vulgar Errors.'
RANPIKE. Same as Rampick, q. v.
RANSCUMSCOUR. Fuss ; ado. Devon, Also,

a passionate person.
RANT. To drink, or riot. North,

Mistake me not, custom, I mean not tho,
Of excessive drinking, as great ranters do.

Praise of Yorkshire Ale, 1697. p. 5.

RANTAN. To beat soimdly. Glouc. It
apparently alludes to a tinker's constant ham-
mering in the following passage :

There is run. tan Tom Tinker and his Tib,
And there's a jugler with his fingers glib.

Tnyior'8 Workis, lt)3(l. i. Illl-

RANTER. (1) .\ large l)eer-jug. Hence, to pour
liquor from a large into a smaller vessel.

(2) To mend or patch a rent in a garment very
neatly. Suffolk.

RANTIPIKE. An ass. Dorset.

RANTIPOLE. A rude romping child. West.

RANTREE. The mountain ash. North.

R.iNTY. AVUd ; frisky ; riotous. Ranty-tanty,
in a great passion. North.

RAP. (1) To seize ; to ravish.

(2) To exchange, or swap. Var. dial.

(3) To risk, or hazard. North.

(4) To brag, or boast. Devon.

(5) Rap and rend, to seize hold of evervthing
one can. The phrase occurs in Palsgrave, and
is still in use. Compare Florio, p. 20. " To
get all one can rap and run," Coles's Lat. Diet.
" To rape and renne," to seize and plunder.
Chaucer.

RAPE. (1) Haste. {A.-S.) Its meaning in the
third example appears more doubtful.
And commaunded alle yn rape
Awey that wrytyng for to skrape.

.MS. Harl, 17(11, f- 47.
Ne was ther non that mighteascape.
So Beves slough hem in a rape.

Beves of Hamtouo, p. -27.
A thefe to hys thefte hath rape.
For he weneth evermore for to skape.

US. Harl. 17CI1, f. 15.

(2) To steal ; to plunder.

Ravenuws fisehes han sum mesure: whannethei

hungren thei ropr/ti ; whannethei ben ful they sparyn.

rvimbetton's Sermon, 1388, MS. Haftort 57, p. 16.

(3) A division of a county, comprising several
hundreds.

(4) To scratch. Somerset.

(5) To take captive. {.-/.-S.)

(6) To biiui or lace tightly. Devon.

(7) To prepare. (^.-S.)

(8) A heap of com.

(9) A turnip. Ord. and Reg. p. 426.
RAPER. A rope-maker.

R.\PEY. A dish in ancient cookery, described
in MS. Sloane 1201, f. 46.

RAPID. Gav. I'ar. dial.

RAPIER-DANCE. This is nearly the same as
the sword-dance among the ancient Scandi-
navians, or as that described by Tacitus among
the Germans. The performers are usually
dressed in a white frock, or covered with a
shirt, to which as also to their hats, or paper
helmets, are appended long black ribands.
They frequently go from house to house, about
Christmas, and are treated with ale after their
mihtary exercise. At merry-nights, and on
other festive occasions, ihey are introduced
one after another by the names and titles of
heroes, from Hector and Paris, princes of Troy,
down to Guy of Warwick. .\. spokesman
then repeats some verses in praise of each, and
they begin to flourish the rapier. On a signal
given, all the weapons are united, or inter-

RAS

668

RAT

laced, but soon withdrawn again, and bran-
dished by the heroes, who exhibit a great
varietyof evolutions, beingusnally accompanied
by slow music. In the last scene, the rapiers
are united round the neck of a person kneeling
in the centre, and when they are suddenly
withdrawn, the victim falls to the ground ;
he is afterwards carried out, and a mock
funeral is performed with pomp, and solemn
strains. Willan^s Yorksk.
RAPLY. Quickly; speedily. {A.-S.)

So raply thay r yde thare that alle tlie rowte ryngez.
Moite Archnre, MS. Lincfln, f. 72-

RAPPE. To hasten. (J.-S.)

Loke ye rappe yow not up to ryde.

MS. Harl. 2253, f. 129.

RAPPER. A great or extravagant falsehood ;

a vehement oath. Jfesl.
RAPPER-DANDIES. Red barberries. North.
R.\PPIXG. Large, /or. dial.
R.-VPPIS. A dissolute person. Cumb.
RAPPLE. A ravelled thread. North.
RAPS. (1) News. Yorksh.

(2) Games ; sports. Salojj.

(3) A disorderlv fellow. Yorksh.
RAPSC.\LLION. A low vagabond.
RAPTE. Ravished; enraptured.

Whose ainyable salutes flewe with suche myght,
That Locryne was rap?e at the fyrst syght.

MS. Lansd. 208, f. 22.
RARE. (1) Fine ; great. South.

(2) To roar. North " Rare or grete, vagire,"
MS. Dictionary, 1540.

Lowde he gane bothe rowte and rare :
Alias ! he sayde, for sorowe and Care.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17, f- 126.

(3) Underdone ; raw. Var. dial.

(4) Early. Devon.

(5) Ready ; prepared. Somer.iet.
RARELY. Quite well in health.
RARNING. Thin, as cloth is. West.
RAS. Space ; time. Hearne.
RASALGER. The fume of minerals. So ex-
plained in A New Light of Alchemy, 1674.

Alurae, atriment, alle I suspende,
Rasalger and arsnick I defende,

.4shm(>te''i Theat. Cftem. Brit. 16^-2, p. 271.
RASARDE. A hypocrite .'

Out on thee, rasarde, with thy wiles.
For falslye my people thou begyles,
1 shall thee hastclye honge ;
And thatlurden thatstandes thee by.
He puttes my folke in greate anoye
With his false tlatteringe tonge.

Chester Plays, ii. 163.

RASCAL. A lean animal, one fit to neither
hunt nor kill. " Rascall, refuse beest, refus,"
Palsgrave, 1530.

R.\SCALL. Common ; low. It is the trans-
lation of commune in HoUyband's Dictionarie,
1593. The word also occurs in this sense in
The First Part of the Contention, ed. 1843,
p. 31. Rascalye, low people, refuse of any-
thing.

R.A^SCOT. A knave, or rascal. Curttb.

RASE. (1) To scratch. Suffolk. "Rased their
hardened hides," Hanison, p. 188.

(2) To erase. (3) An erasure.

(4) A channel of the sea. {A.-N.)
Ftlowes, they shall never more us withstonde,
For I se them all drowned in the raae of lilunde.

Hycke-Scoi-ner, ap. Hawkins^ i. 89.

(5) Rage; anger. (A.-S.) Rase-brained,
violent, Wilbrabam, p. 67.

(6) .4 swift pace. Perceval, 1145.

(7) To snarl, as dogs do.

RASEX. In timber buildings, that piece of
timber to which the bottoms of the rafters
are fastened.
RASER-HOrSE. A barber's shop.
RASH. (1) To snatch, or seize ; to tear, or rend.
Giflbrd explains it, " to strike obUquely with
violence, as a wild boar does with his tusk."
They buckled then together so.

Like unto wild boares rashing ;
And with their swords and shields they ran
At one another slashing.

Sir Lancelot du Lake.

(2) Brittle. Coitm:

(3) Said of corn in the straw which is so dry
that it easily falls out of the straw with baud-
ling of it. North.

(4) Sudden ; hasty. SAak.

(5) A kind of inferior silk. It is mentioned by
Harrison, p. 163.

RASHED. Burnt in cooking, by being too
hastily dressed. " How sadly this pudding
has been rashedia the oven." " The beef would
have been very good if it had not been rnshed
in the roasting." Rasher, as appUed to bacon,
probablv partakes of this derivation. Witts.

RASHE R.' ( 1 ) A rush. North.

(2) A box on the ears. Glouc.

rASING. a blubbering noise. North.

RASIXGES. Shavings; slips.

R.iSKAILE. A pack of rascals.

RASKE. To puff, or blow.

Than begynneth he to klawe and to raske.
And jyveth Terlyncel hystaske.

MS. Hmt. 1701, f. 29,

RASOVR. The sword-fish.

RASP. (1) To belch. East.

(2) A raspberry. I'ar. dial.

(3) The steel of a tinder-box

RASPIS. The raspberry. A wine so termed
is mentioned by Harrison, p. 167.

RASSE. Rose ; ascended.

He rasse agayue thurghe his godhede.

MS. Lincoln A. i. 17. f. 219.

RASSELS. The land-whin. Suffolk.

R.\SSLE. To stir the embers in an oven with
a long pole. East.

RASTER. A Idnd of cloth.

RASTIR. A shaving-razor.

RASURE. A scratch. (A.-N.)

RAT. (1) An old contemptuous nickname for a
clergyman.

(2) Reads. Wright's Pol. Songs, p. 327.

RATCH. (1) A straight hue. North.

(2) To stretch ; to pull asmider